As of September 2016, the
International Union for Conservation of Nature
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natu ...
(IUCN) lists 548
near threatened
A near-threatened species is a species which has been categorized as "Near Threatened" (NT) by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as that may be vulnerable to endangerment in the near future, but it does not currently qualify fo ...
fish
Fish are aquatic, craniate, gill-bearing animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups. Approximately 95% of li ...
species.
3.6% of all evaluated fish species are listed as near threatened.
The IUCN also lists seven fish subspecies as near threatened.
Of the subpopulations of fish evaluated by the IUCN, ten species subpopulations have been assessed as near threatened.
This is a complete list of near threatened fish species and subspecies evaluated by the IUCN. Species and subspecies which have near threatened subpopulations (or stocks) are indicated.
Cartilaginous fish
Chondrichthyes (; ) is a class that contains the cartilaginous fishes that have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage. They can be contrasted with the Osteichthyes or ''bony fishes'', which have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue ...
Chondrichthyes includes sharks, rays, skates, and sawfish. There are 118 species and eight subpopulations of cartilaginous fish assessed as near threatened.
Rays and skates
Ground sharks
There are 35 species and one subpopulation of ground shark assessed as near threatened.
Requiem shark
Requiem sharks are sharks of the family Carcharhinidae in the order Carcharhiniformes. They are migratory, live-bearing sharks of warm seas (sometimes of brackish or fresh water) and include such species as the tiger shark, bull shark, le ...
s
Species
Subpopulations
*
Pigeye shark
The pigeye shark or Java shark (''Carcharhinus amboinensis'') is an uncommon species of requiem shark, in the family Carcharhinidae, found in the warm coastal waters of the eastern Atlantic and western Indo-Pacific. It prefers shallow, murky en ...
''(Carcharhinus amboinensis)'' (1 subpopulation)
Houndshark
Houndsharks, the Triakidae, are a family of ground sharks, consisting of about 40 species in nine genera. In some classifications, the family is split into two subfamilies, with '' Mustelus'', '' Scylliogaleus'', and ''Triakis'' in the subfamily ...
s
Catshark
Catsharks are ground sharks of the family Scyliorhinidae. They are the largest family of sharks with around 160 species placed in 17 genera. Although they are generally known as catsharks, some species can also be called dogfish due to previous ...
s
Other ground shark species
Carpet shark
Carpet sharks are sharks classified in the order Orectolobiformes . Sometimes the common name "carpet shark" (named so because many species resemble ornately patterned carpets) is used interchangeably with "wobbegong", which is the common name of ...
s
Species
Subpopulations
*
Nurse shark
The nurse shark (''Ginglymostoma cirratum'') is an elasmobranch fish in the family Ginglymostomatidae. The conservation status of the nurse shark is globally assessed as Vulnerable in the IUCN List of Threatened Species. They are considered t ...
''(Ginglymostoma cirratum)'' (1 subpopulation)
*
Epaulette shark
The epaulette shark (''Hemiscyllium ocellatum'') is a species of longtailed carpet shark, family Hemiscylliidae, found in shallow, tropical waters off Australia and New Guinea (and possibly elsewhere). The common name of this shark comes from ...
''(Hemiscyllium ocellatum)'' (1 subpopulation)
Squaliformes
The Squaliformes are an order (biology), order of sharks that includes about 126 species in seven families.
Members of the order have two dorsal fins, which usually possess spines, they usually have a sharp head, no anal fin or nictitating me ...
Species
Subpopulations
*
Smallfin gulper shark
The smallfin gulper shark (''Centrophorus moluccensis'') is a medium-sized deepwater dogfish in the family Centrophoridae.
Physical characteristics
The smallfin gulper has no anal fin, two dorsal fins with spines, long free rear tips on pectora ...
''(Centrophorus moluccensis)'' (1 subpopulation)
*
Kitefin shark
The kitefin shark or seal shark (''Dalatias licha'') is a species of squaliform shark in the family Dalatiidae, and the type species in its genus. It is found sporadically around the world, usually close to the sea floor at depths of . With a s ...
''(Dalatias licha)'' (1 subpopulation)
Other cartilaginous fish
Species
Subpopulations
Lampreys
Lampreys (sometimes inaccurately called lamprey eels) are an ancient extant lineage of jawless fish of the order Petromyzontiformes , placed in the superclass Cyclostomata. The adult lamprey may be characterized by a toothed, funnel-like s ...
Ray-finned fish
Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fishes, is a class of bony fish. They comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species.
The ray-finned fishes are so called because their fins are webs of skin supported by bony or hor ...
There are 425 species, seven subspecies, and one subpopulation of ray-finned fish assessed as near threatened.
Silversides
Toothcarps
Species
Subspecies
Cypriniformes
Cypriniformes is an order of ray-finned fish, including the carps, minnows, loaches, and relatives. Cypriniformes is an Order within the Superorder Ostariophysi consisting of "Carp-like" Ostariophysins. This order contains 11-12 families, ...
Cypriniformes includes carps, minnows, loaches and relatives. There are 122 species and one subspecies in the order Cypriniformes assessed as near threatened.
Hillstream loach
The hillstream loaches or river loaches are a family, the Balitoridae, of small fish from South, Southeast and East Asia. The family includes about 202 species. They are sometimes sold as "lizardfish" or (in Germany) "flossensaugers". Many of th ...
es
True loaches
Cyprinids
Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relatives like the barbs and barbels. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family and the largest vert ...
Species
Subspecies
*
Ot baligi ''(Phoxinellus zeregi meandri)''
Suckers
Catfish
Catfish (or catfishes; order Siluriformes or Nematognathi) are a diverse group of ray-finned fish. Named for their prominent barbels, which resemble a cat's whiskers, catfish range in size and behavior from the three largest species alive, ...
Perciformes
Perciformes (), also called the Percomorpha or Acanthopteri, is an order or superorder of ray-finned fish. If considered a single order, they are the most numerous order of vertebrates, containing about 41% of all bony fish. Perciformes means ...
There are 140 species and one subspecies in the order Perciformes assessed as near threatened.
Cichlid
Cichlids are fish from the family Cichlidae in the order Cichliformes. Cichlids were traditionally classed in a suborder, the Labroidei, along with the wrasses ( Labridae), in the order Perciformes, but molecular studies have contradicted this ...
s
Species
Subspecies
*''
Sarotherodon galilaeus multifasciatus
''Sarotherodon'' is a genus of oreochromine cichlids that are native to the northern half of Africa (south as far as the Congo River basin), with a single species, ''S. galilaeus'', also ranging into the Levant. A couple of species from this ge ...
''
Percids
Epinephelids
Eleotrids
Gobies
Gobiidae or gobies is a family of bony fish in the order Gobiiformes, one of the largest fish families comprising more than 2,000 species in more than 200 genera. Most of gobiid fish are relatively small, typically less than in length, and the ...
Sparids
Wrasse
The wrasses are a family, Labridae, of marine fish, many of which are brightly colored. The family is large and diverse, with over 600 species in 81 genera, which are divided into 9 subgroups or tribes.
They are typically small, most of them le ...
s
Other Perciformes species
Osteoglossiformes
Osteoglossiformes (Greek: "bony tongues") is a relatively primitive order of ray-finned fish that contains two sub-orders, the Osteoglossoidei and the Notopteroidei. All of at least 245 living species inhabit freshwater. They are found in South ...
Species
Subspecies
*''
Marcusenius senegalensis pfaffi''
Characiformes
Characiformes is an order of ray-finned fish, comprising the characins and their allies. Grouped in 18 recognized families, more than 2000 different species are described, including the well-known piranha and tetras.; Buckup P.A.: "Relationshi ...
Scorpaeniformes
The Scorpaeniformes are a diverse order of ray-finned fish, including the lionfishes and sculpins, but have also been called the Scleroparei. It is one of the five largest orders of bony fishes by number of species, with over 1,320.
They are ...
Tetraodontiformes
The Tetraodontiformes are an order of highly derived ray-finned fish, also called the Plectognathi. Sometimes these are classified as a suborder of the order Perciformes. The Tetraodontiformes are represented by 10 extant families and at least ...
Eel
Eels are ray-finned fish belonging to the order Anguilliformes (), which consists of eight suborders, 19 families, 111 genera, and about 800 species. Eels undergo considerable development from the early larval stage to the eventual adult stage ...
s
Other ray-finned fish
Species
Subspecies
*
Atlantic sturgeon
The Atlantic sturgeon (''Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus'') is a member of the family Acipenseridae and along with other sturgeon it is sometimes considered a living fossil. The Atlantic sturgeon is one of two subspecies of '' A. oxyrinchus'', ...
''(Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus)''
Subpopulations
*
Sockeye salmon
The sockeye salmon (''Oncorhynchus nerka''), also called red salmon, kokanee salmon, blueback salmon, or simply sockeye, is an anadromous species of salmon found in the Northern Pacific Ocean and rivers discharging into it. This species is a P ...
''(Oncorhynchus nerka)'' (2 subpopulations)
Hagfish
Hagfish, of the class Myxini (also known as Hyperotreti) and order Myxiniformes , are eel-shaped, slime-producing marine fish (occasionally called slime eels). They are the only known living animals that have a skull but no vertebral column, a ...
es
*
Inshore hagfish ''(Eptatretus burgeri)''
*''
Nemamyxine kreffti
''Nemamyxine'' is a genus of hagfish.
Species
Two recognized species are placed in this genus:
* ''Nemamyxine elongata
''Nemamyxine elongata'', the bootlace hagfish, is a species of hagfish in the genus ''Nemamyxine''. Distribution, abundance ...
''
See also
*
Lists of IUCN Red List near threatened species
On 12 March 2010, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species identified 3829 (2657 Animalia, 1172 Plantae) near threatened species, subspecies and varieties, stocks and sub-populations.
For IUCN lists of near threatened species by kingdom, see:
...
*
List of least concern fishes
As of September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 9131 least concern fish species. 60% of all evaluated fish species are listed as least concern.
The IUCN also lists 37 fish subspecies as least concern.
Of ...
*
List of vulnerable fishes
As of September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 1245 vulnerable fish species. 8.1% of all evaluated fish species are listed as vulnerable.
The IUCN also lists eight fish subspecies as vulnerable.
Of the ...
*
List of endangered fishes
As of September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 643 endangered fish species. 4.2% of all evaluated fish species are listed as endangered.
The IUCN also lists ten fish subspecies as endangered.
Of the subp ...
*
List of critically endangered fishes
As of July 2017, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 1,000 critically endangered fish species, including 87 which are tagged as ''possibly extinct''. 3.0% of all evaluated fish species are listed as critically endan ...
*
List of recently extinct fishes
As of September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 65 extinct fish species, 87 possibly extinct fish species, and six extinct in the wild fish species.
Cartilaginous fish
Possibly extinct species
* Lost shark ...
*
List of data deficient fishes
As of September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 3191 data deficient fish species. 21% of all evaluated fish species are listed as data deficient.
The IUCN also lists 12 fish subspecies as data deficient.
Of ...
*
Sustainable seafood advisory lists and certification
Sustainable seafood advisory lists and certification are programs aimed at increasing consumer awareness of the environmental impact and sustainability of their seafood purchasing choices.
California-based Seafood Watch and Marine Conservation S ...
References
*Fishes
Near threatened fishes
Near threatened fishes
Near threatened fishes
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