This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Costa Rica. Of the mammal species in

Costa Rica Costa Rica (, ; ; literally "Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica ( es, República de Costa Rica), is a country in the Central American region of North America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the no ...

, one is critically endangered, four are endangered, six are vulnerable, and three are near threatened. One species is considered extinct. The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the

International Union for Conservation of Nature The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natu ...

: Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:

Subclass:
Theria Theria (; Greek: , wild beast) is a subclass of mammals amongst the Theriiformes. Theria includes the eutherians (including the placental mammals) and the metatherians (including the marsupials) but excludes the egg-laying monotremes. Ch ...

Infraclass:
Metatheria Metatheria is a mammalian clade that includes all mammals more closely related to marsupials than to placentals. First proposed by Thomas Henry Huxley in 1880, it is a more inclusive group than the marsupials; it contains all marsupials as well ...

Order: Didelphimorphia (common opossums)

---- Didelphimorphia is the order of common opossums of the

Western Hemisphere The Western Hemisphere is the half of the planet Earth that lies west of the prime meridian (which crosses Greenwich, London, United Kingdom) and east of the antimeridian. The other half is called the Eastern Hemisphere. Politically, the term We ...

. Opossums probably diverged from the basic

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southe ...

marsupial Marsupials are any members of the mammalian infraclass Marsupialia. All extant marsupials are endemic to Australasia, Wallacea and the Americas. A distinctive characteristic common to most of these species is that the young are carried in a po ...

s in the late

Cretaceous The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era, as well as the longest. At around 79 million years, it is the longest geological period of th ...

or early

Paleocene The Paleocene, ( ) or Palaeocene, is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 66 to 56 mya (unit), million years ago (mya). It is the first epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), E ...

. They are small to medium-sized marsupials, about the size of a large house cat, with a long snout and

prehensile Prehensility is the quality of an appendage or organ (anatomy), organ that has Adaptation (biology), adapted for grasping or holding. The word is derived from the Latin term ''prehendere'', meaning "to grasp". The ability to grasp is likely der ...

tail. *Family: Didelphidae (American opossums) **Subfamily: Caluromyinae ***Genus: '' Caluromys'' **** Derby's woolly opossum, ''Caluromys derbianus'' VU **Subfamily:

Didelphinae The Didelphinae are a subfamily of opossums consisting of 15 genera and 123 species. Specimens have been collected throughout the Americas, but are predominant in South and Central America. Some sources call this subfamily the "American opossu ...

***Genus: ''

Chironectes The water opossum (''Chironectes minimus''), also locally known as the yapok (), is a marsupial of the family Didelphidae.* It is the only living member of its genus, ''Chironectes''. This semiaquatic creature is found in and near freshwater ...

'' **** Water opossum, ''Chironectes minimus'' LR/nt ***Genus: '' Didelphis'' ****

Common opossum The common opossum (''Didelphis marsupialis''), also called the southern or black-eared opossum or gambá, and sometimes called a possum, is a marsupial species living from the northeast of Mexico to Bolivia (reaching the coast of the South Paci ...

, ''Didelphis marsupialis'' LR/lc **** Virginia opossum, ''Didelphis virginiana'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Marmosa The 27 species in the genus ''Marmosa'' are relatively small Neotropical members of the family Didelphidae. This genus is one of three that are known as mouse opossums. The others are '' Thylamys'' (the "fat-tailed mouse opossums") and '' Tlacua ...

'' ****

Alston's mouse opossum Alston's mouse opossum (''Marmosa alstoni''), also known as Alston's opossum, is a medium-sized pouchless marsupial of the family Didelphidae. It is arboreal and nocturnal, inhabiting forests from Belize to northern Colombia. The main component ...

, ''Marmosa alstoni'' LR/nt ****

Mexican mouse opossum The Mexican mouse opossum (''Marmosa mexicana'') is a species of North American opossum in the family Didelphidae. Description ''Marmosa mexicana'' is a small to moderate-sized reddish-brown marsupial, varying from bright to dull coloration. Ha ...

, ''Marmosa mexicana'' LR/lc ***Genus: '' Metachirus'' ****

Brown four-eyed opossum The brown four-eyed opossum (''Metachirus nudicaudatus'') is a pouch (marsupial), pouchless marsupial of the family Didelphidae. It is found in different forested habitats of Central America, Central and South America, from Nicaragua to Brazil an ...

, ''Metachirus nudicaudatus'' LR/lc ***Genus: '' Philander'' ****

Gray four-eyed opossum The gray four-eyed opossum (''Philander opossum'') is an opossum species from Central and South America, ranging from southern Mexico to Peru, Bolivia and southwestern Brazil, at altitudes from sea level to 1600 m, but generally below . Its habit ...

, ''Philander opossum'' LR/lc

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)

---- Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered. *Family: Trichechidae **Genus: ''

Trichechus Manatees (family Trichechidae, genus ''Trichechus'') are large, fully aquatic, mostly herbivorous marine mammals sometimes known as sea cows. There are three accepted living species of Trichechidae, representing three of the four living species ...

'' *** West Indian manatee, ''Trichechus manatus'' VU

Order: Cingulata (armadillos)

---- The armadillos are small mammals with a bony armored shell. They are native to the Americas. There are around 20 extant species. *Family: Dasypodidae (armadillos) **Subfamily:

Dasypodinae Dasypodidae is a family of mostly extinct genera of armadillos. One genus, '' Dasypus'', is extant, with at least seven living species. __TOC__ Classification Below is a taxonomy of armadillos in this family. Family Dasypodidae *† Genu ...

***Genus: ''

Dasypus ''Dasypus'' is the only extant genus in the family Dasypodidae. Its species are known as long-nosed or naked-tailed armadillos. They are found in South, Central, and North America, as well as on the Caribbean islands of Grenada, Trinidad and Toba ...

'' **** Nine-banded armadillo, ''Dasypus novemcinctus'' LC **Subfamily:

Tolypeutinae Tolypeutinae is a subfamily of armadillos in the family Chlamyphoridae, consisting of the giant, three-banded and naked-tailed armadillos. __TOC__ Taxonomy It contains the following genera: *''Cabassous'' *''Kuntinaru'' *''Priodontes'' *''To ...

***Genus: ''

Cabassous ''Cabassous'' is a genus of South and Central American armadillos. The name is the Latinised form of the Kalini word for "armadillo". Cladogram of living ''Cabassous'' The genus contains the following four species In biology, a species ...

'' ****

Northern naked-tailed armadillo The northern naked-tailed armadillo (''Cabassous centralis'') is a species of armadillo. It is one of only two species of armadillo found outside of South America, the other being the more widely distributed nine-banded armadillo. Description Th ...

, ''Cabassous centralis'' DD

Order: Pilosa (anteaters, sloths and tamanduas)

---- The order Pilosa is extant only in the Americas and includes the

anteater Anteater is a common name for the four extant mammal species of the suborder Vermilingua (meaning "worm tongue") commonly known for eating ants and termites. The individual species have other names in English and other languages. Together with ...

sloth Sloths are a group of Neotropical xenarthran mammals constituting the suborder Folivora, including the extant arboreal tree sloths and extinct terrestrial ground sloths. Noted for their slowness of movement, tree sloths spend most of their li ...

s, and tamanduas. *Suborder: Folivora **Family: Bradypodidae (three-toed sloths) ***Genus: '' Bradypus'' **** Brown-throated three-toed sloth, ''Bradypus variegatus'' LC **Family: Choloepodidae (two-toed sloths) ***Genus: '' Choloepus'' ****

Hoffmann's two-toed sloth Hoffmann's two-toed sloth (''Choloepus hoffmanni''), also known as the northern two-toed sloth is a species of sloth from Central and South America. It is a solitary, largely nocturnal and arboreal animal, found in mature and secondary rainf ...

, ''Choloepus hoffmanni'' LC *Suborder:

Vermilingua Anteater is a common name for the four extant mammal species of the suborder Vermilingua (meaning "worm tongue") commonly known for eating ants and termites. The individual species have other names in English and other languages. Together with ...

**Family: Cyclopedidae ***Genus: '' Cyclopes'' **** Silky anteater, ''C. didactylus'' LC **** Central American silky anteater, ''C. dorsalis'' **Family: Myrmecophagidae (American anteaters) ***Genus: '' Myrmecophaga'' **** Giant anteater, ''Myrmecophaga tridactyla'' VU ***Genus: '' Tamandua'' **** Northern tamandua, ''Tamandua mexicana'' LC

Order:
Primate Primates are a diverse order of mammals. They are divided into the strepsirrhines, which include the lemurs, galagos, and lorisids, and the haplorhines, which include the tarsiers and the simians (monkeys and apes, the latter including huma ...
s

---- The order Primates contains

human Humans (''Homo sapiens'') are the most abundant and widespread species of primate, characterized by bipedalism and exceptional cognitive skills due to a large and complex brain. This has enabled the development of advanced tools, culture, ...

s and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids,

tarsier Tarsiers ( ) are haplorhine primates of the family Tarsiidae, which is itself the lone extant family within the infraorder Tarsiiformes. Although the group was once more widespread, all of its species living today are found in Maritime Southeast ...

monkey Monkey is a common name that may refer to most mammals of the infraorder Simiiformes, also known as the simians. Traditionally, all animals in the group now known as simians are counted as monkeys except the apes, which constitutes an incomple ...

s, and

ape Apes (collectively Hominoidea ) are a clade of Old World simians native to sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia (though they were more widespread in Africa, most of Asia, and as well as Europe in prehistory), which together with its siste ...

s. Four species of monkey are native to Costa Rica. *Suborder:

Haplorhini Haplorhini (), the haplorhines (Greek for "simple-nosed") or the "dry-nosed" primates, is a suborder of primates containing the tarsiers and the simians (Simiiformes or anthropoids), as sister of the Strepsirrhini ("moist-nosed"). The name is some ...

**Infraorder: Simiiformes ***Parvorder: Platyrrhini (New World monkeys) ****Family:

Cebidae The Cebidae are one of the five families of New World monkeys now recognised. Extant members are the capuchin and squirrel monkeys. These species are found throughout tropical and subtropical South and Central America. Characteristics Cebid mo ...

*****Subfamily: Cebinae ******Genus: '' Cebus'' ******* Panamanian white-faced capuchin, ''Cebus imitator'' LC *****Subfamily: Saimiriinae ******Genus: '' Saimiri'' *******

Central American squirrel monkey The Central American squirrel monkey (''Saimiri oerstedii''), also known as the red-backed squirrel monkey, is a squirrel monkey species from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica and Panama. It is restricted to the northwestern tip of Panama near the ...

, ''Saimiri oerstedii'' VU ****Family:

Atelidae The Atelidae are one of the five families of New World monkeys now recognised. It was formerly included in the family Cebidae. Atelids are generally larger monkeys; the family includes the howler, spider, woolly, and woolly spider monkeys (t ...

*****Subfamily:

Alouattinae Howler monkeys (genus ''Alouatta'', monotypic in subfamily Alouattinae) are the most widespread primate genus in the Neotropics and are among the largest of the platyrrhines along with the muriquis (''Brachyteles''), the spider monkeys (''Ateles' ...

******Genus: '' Alouatta'' ******* Mantled howler, ''Alouatta palliata'' LC *****Subfamily:

Atelinae The Atelinae are a subfamily of New World monkeys in the family Atelidae, and includes the various spider and woolly monkeys. The primary distinguishing feature of the atelines is their long prehensile tails, which can support their entire body w ...

******Genus: '' Ateles'' ******* Geoffroy's spider monkey, ''Ateles geoffroyi'' EN

Order:
Rodent Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are na ...
ia (rodents)

---- Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. However, there are fewer than 50 rodent species in Costa Rica.Wainwright 2007, p. 77 They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the

capybara The capybaraAlso called capivara (in Brazil), capiguara (in Bolivia), chigüire, chigüiro, or fercho (in Colombia and Venezuela), carpincho (in Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay) and ronsoco (in Peru). or greater capybara (''Hydrochoerus hydro ...

can weigh up to . *Suborder: Hystricognathi **Family: Erethizontidae (New World porcupines) ***Subfamily:

Erethizontinae Erethizontinae is a subfamily of the New World porcupine family Erethizontidae, and includes all species of the family with the exception of the bristle-spined rat The bristle-spined rat (''Chaetomys subspinosus'') is an arboreal rodent from th ...

****Genus: '' Coendou'' ***** Mexican hairy dwarf porcupine, ''Coendou mexicanus'' LR/lc **Family: Dasyproctidae (agoutis and pacas) ***Genus: '' Dasyprocta'' ****

Central American agouti The Central American agouti (''Dasyprocta punctata'') is a species of agouti from the family Dasyproctidae. The main portion of its range is from Chiapas and the Yucatan Peninsula (southern Mexico), through Central America, to northwestern Ecuad ...

, ''Dasyprocta punctata'' LR/lc **Family: Cuniculidae ***Genus: '' Cuniculus'' ****

Lowland paca The lowland paca (''Cuniculus paca''), also known as the spotted paca, is a large rodent found in tropical and sub-tropical America, from east-central Mexico to northern Argentina, and has been introduced to Cuba and Algeria. The animal is cal ...

, ''Cuniculus paca'' LC **Family: Echimyidae ***Subfamily:

Eumysopinae Echimyidae is the family of neotropical spiny rats and their fossil relatives. This is the most species-rich family of Hystricognathi, hystricognath rodents. It is probably also the most ecologically diverse, with members ranging from fully ar ...

****Genus: ''

Hoplomys The armored rat (''Hoplomys gymnurus'') is a species of rodent in the family Echimyidae. It is monotypic within the genus ''Hoplomys''. It is found in Latin America, from northern Honduras to northwest Ecuador. It possesses a range of spines on i ...

'' *****

Armored rat The armored rat (''Hoplomys gymnurus'') is a species of rodent in the family Echimyidae. It is monotypic within the genus ''Hoplomys''. It is found in Latin America, from northern Honduras to northwest Ecuador. It possesses a range of spines on ...

, ''Hoplomys gymnurus'' LR/lc ****Genus: '' Proechimys'' *****

Tome's spiny-rat Tome's spiny rat (''Proechimys semispinosus''), also known as Tomes' spiny rat or the Central American spiny rat, is a species of spiny rat distributed from Honduras to Ecuador. The IUCN has assessed its conservation status as being of "least ...

, ''Proechimys semispinosus'' LR/lc *Suborder: Sciurognathi **Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) ***Subfamily:

Sciurinae Sciurinae is a subfamily of squirrels (in the family Sciuridae), uniting the flying squirrels with certain related tree squirrels. Older sources place the flying squirrels in a separate subfamily (Pteromyinae) and unite all remaining sciurids into ...

****Tribe: Sciurini *****Genus: ''

Microsciurus ''Microsciurus'' or dwarf squirrels is a genus of squirrels from the tropical regions of Central and South America. Taxonomy and systematics Recent DNA analysis has shown that there is some confusion regarding the traditional classification of ...

'' ******

Central American dwarf squirrel The Central American dwarf squirrel, also known as Alfaro's pygmy squirrel,(''Microsciurus alfari'') is a small tree squirrel in the genus ''Microsciurus'' and Tribe (biology), tribe Sciurini found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama. ...

, ''Microsciurus alfari'' LR/lc *****Genus: ''

Sciurus The genus ''Sciurus'' contains most of the common, bushy-tailed squirrels in North America, Europe, temperate Asia, Central America and South America. Species The number of species in the genus is subject to change. In 2005, Thorington & Hoffma ...

'' ****** Deppe's squirrel, ''Sciurus deppei'' LR/lc ******

Red-tailed squirrel The red-tailed squirrel (''Sciurus granatensis'') is a species of tree squirrel distributed from southern Central America to northern South America. Distribution It is found in Central and South America ( Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, ...

, ''Sciurus granatensis'' LR/lc ******

Variegated squirrel The variegated squirrel (''Sciurus variegatoides'') is a tree squirrel in the genus ''Sciurus'' found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, southern Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama. Fifteen subspecies are recognised. It is a common s ...

, ''Sciurus variegatoides'' LR/lc *****Genus: ''

Syntheosciurus Bangs's mountain squirrel (''Syntheosciurus brochus'') is a poorly known species of tree squirrel, that only lives in Costa Rica and Panama. It can be found in mountain rain forests at an altitude between , and lives mainly in the tree tops, but ...

'' ******

Bangs's mountain squirrel Bangs's mountain squirrel (''Syntheosciurus brochus'') is a poorly known species of tree squirrel, that only lives in Costa Rica and Panama. It can be found in mountain rain forests at an altitude between , and lives mainly in the tree tops, but ...

, ''Syntheosciurus brochus'' LR/nt **Family: Geomyidae ***Genus: ''

Orthogeomys The giant pocket gopher (''Orthogeomys grandis'') is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is found in Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras. It is the type species of the genus ''Orthogeomys''; some zoologists also include in th ...

'' ****

Chiriqui pocket gopher The Chiriqui pocket gopher (''Heterogeomys cavator'') is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama. Some authors classify it in the genus ''Orthogeomys'', but recent research has allowed this and its rela ...

, ''Orthogeomys cavator'' LR/lc ****

Cherrie's pocket gopher Cherrie's pocket gopher (''Heterogeomys cherriei'') is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is found in Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica. It is threatened by habitat loss. Some authors classify it in the genus ''Orthogeomys'', but ...

, ''Orthogeomys cherriei'' LR/nt ****

Variable pocket gopher The variable pocket gopher (''Heterogeomys heterodus'') is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is endemic to Costa Rica, usually being found in grasslands and tropical forests at higher altitudes, up to 8,000 feet. It is threatene ...

, ''Orthogeomys heterodus'' LR/nt ****

Underwood's pocket gopher Underwood's pocket gopher (''Heterogeomys underwoodi'') is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is endemic to Costa Rica. Some authors classify it in the genus ''Orthogeomys'', but recent research has allowed this and its related speci ...

, ''Orthogeomys underwoodi'' LR/lc **Family:

Heteromyidae Heteromyidae is a family of rodents consisting of kangaroo rats, kangaroo mice, pocket mice and spiny pocket mice. Most heteromyids live in complex burrows within the deserts and grasslands of western North America, though species within the gen ...

***Subfamily:

Heteromyinae Heteromyinae is a subfamily of rodents in the family Heteromyidae, commonly known as spiny pocket mice. It contains a single extant genus, ''Heteromys'', as well as the extinct genera ''Diprionomys'' and ''Metaliomys''. ''Heteromys'' was recentl ...

****Genus: ''

Heteromys ''Heteromys'' is a genus of rodents in the family Heteromyidae, commonly known as spiny pocket mice. It is the only extant genus in the subfamily Heteromyinae which also includes the extinct genera ''Diprionomys'' and ''Metaliomys''. ''Heteromys ...

'' ***** Desmarest's spiny pocket mouse, ''Heteromys desmarestianus'' LR/lc ***** Mountain spiny pocket mouse, ''Heteromys oresterus'' LR/nt ***** Salvin's spiny pocket mouse, ''Heteromys salvini'' LR/lc **Family: Cricetidae ***Subfamily:

Tylomyinae The subfamily Tylomyinae consists of several species of New World rats and mice including the vesper and climbing rats. They are not as well known as their relatives in the subfamilies Sigmodontinae and Neotominae. Many authorities place all th ...

****Genus: ''

Nyctomys Sumichrast's vesper rat (''Nyctomys sumichrasti'') is a rodent of the family Cricetidae found from southern Mexico to Panama. It is named for the collector of the first specimen, and its closest relative is probably Hatt's vesper rat, a similar, ...

'' *****

Sumichrast's vesper rat Sumichrast's vesper rat (''Nyctomys sumichrasti'') is a rodent of the family Cricetidae found from southern Mexico to Panama. It is named for the collector of the first specimen, and its closest relative is probably Hatt's vesper rat, a similar, ...

, ''Nyctomys sumichrasti'' LR/lc ****Genus: ''

Ototylomys The big-eared climbing rat (''Ototylomys phyllotis'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae The Cricetidae are a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. It includes true hamsters, voles, lemmings, muskrats, a ...

'' *****

Big-eared climbing rat The big-eared climbing rat (''Ototylomys phyllotis'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in Central America from Mexico to Costa Rica. Description The big-eared climbing rat is in the order Rodentia and in the family ...

, ''Ototylomys phyllotis'' LR/lc ****Genus: ''

Tylomys ''Tylomys'' is a genus of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It contains the following species: * Chiapan climbing rat (''Tylomys bullaris'') * Fulvous-bellied climbing rat (''Tylomys fulviventer'') * Mira climbing rat (''Tylomys mirae'') * Peters ...

'' *****

Watson's climbing rat Watson's climbing rat (''Tylomys watsoni'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a ...

, ''Tylomys watsoni'' LR/lc ***Subfamily: Neotominae ****Genus: ''

Peromyscus ''Peromyscus'' is a genus of rodents. They are commonly referred to as deer mice or deermice, not to be confused with the chevrotain or "mouse deer". They are New World mice only distantly related to the common house and laboratory mouse, ''Mu ...

'' *****

Mexican deer mouse The Mexican deer mouse (''Peromyscus mexicanus'') is a species of forest-dwelling rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in southern Mexico and throughout much of Central America. Description Mexican deer mice are moderately sized mouse-li ...

, ''Peromyscus mexicanus'' LR/lc ****Genus: ''

Reithrodontomys ''Reithrodontomys'' is the genus of groove-toothed New World harvest mice. Species This genus contains these species: *Baker's small-toothed harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys bakeri'' *Short-nosed harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys brevirostris'' * ...

'' *****

Short-nosed harvest mouse The short-nosed harvest mouse (''Reithrodontomys brevirostris'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae found in Costa Rica and Nicaragua Nicaragua (; ), officially the Republic of Nicaragua (), is the largest country in Central A ...

, ''Reithrodontomys brevirostris'' LR/lc ***** Chiriqui harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys creper'' LR/lc *****

Slender harvest mouse The slender harvest mouse(''Reithrodontomys gracilis'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. A small mouse-like rodent distributed throughout a portion Central America. Description The slender harvest mouse has short pale pelage. Uppe ...

, ''Reithrodontomys gracilis'' LR/lc ***** Mexican harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys mexicanus'' LR/lc *****

Nicaraguan harvest mouse The Nicaraguan harvest mouse (''Reithrodontomys paradoxus'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in Costa Rica and Nicaragua Nicaragua (; ), officially the Republic of Nicaragua (), is the largest country in Centra ...

, ''Reithrodontomys paradoxus'' LR/nt *****

Rodriguez's harvest mouse Rodriguez's harvest mouse (''Reithrodontomys rodriguezi'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found only in Costa Rica Costa Rica (, ; ; literally "Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica ( es, República ...

, ''Reithrodontomys rodriguezi'' VU *****

Sumichrast's harvest mouse Sumichrast's harvest mouse (''Reithrodontomys sumichrasti'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ) ...

, ''Reithrodontomys sumichrasti'' LR/lc ****Genus: ''

Scotinomys ''Scotinomys'' is a genus of rodent, the singing mice, in the family Cricetidae. Together with ''Baiomys'', it forms the tribe Baiomyini Baiomyini is a tribe of rodents in the subfamily Neotominae occurring from the southern United States to P ...

'' ***** Alston's brown mouse, ''Scotinomys teguina'' LR/lc *****

Chiriqui brown mouse The Chiriqui brown mouse (''Scotinomys xerampelinus''), also known as the long-tailed singing mouse, is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in cloud forest and paramo at elevations of 2100 to 3400 m in Costa Rica and Panama ...

, ''Scotinomys xerampelinus'' LR/lc ***Subfamily:

Sigmodontinae The rodent subfamily Sigmodontinae includes New World rats and mice, with at least 376 species. Many authorities include the Neotominae and Tylomyinae as part of a larger definition of Sigmodontinae. When those genera are included, the specie ...

****Genus: ''

Melanomys ''Melanomys'' is a genus of rodent in the tribe Oryzomyini of family Cricetidae, which is distributed in northern South America and adjacent Central America. It contains three species, two of which—'' Melanomys robustulus'' and '' Melanomys ...

'' ***** Dusky rice rat, ''Melanomys caliginosus'' LR/lc ****Genus: '' Oecomys'' ***** Trinidad arboreal rice rat, ''Oecomys trinitatis'' LR/lc ****Genus: ''

Oligoryzomys ''Oligoryzomys'' is a genus of rodents in the tribe Oryzomyini of family Cricetidae. Many species are known as pygmy rice rats or colilargos.Musser and Carleton, 2005 The genus is found from Mexico to Tierra del Fuego and includes approximately 1 ...

'' *****

Fulvous pygmy rice rat ''Oligoryzomys fulvescens'', also known as the fulvous colilargo,Musser and Carleton, 2005 fulvous pygmy rice rat, or northern pygmy rice rat,Duff and Lawson, 2004 is a species of rodent in the genus ''Oligoryzomys'' of family Cricetidae. It is fo ...

, ''Oligoryzomys fulvescens'' LR/lc ****Genus: ''

Oryzomys ''Oryzomys'' is a genus of semiaquatic rodents in the tribe Oryzomyini living in southern North America and far northern South America. It includes eight species, two of which—the marsh rice rat (''O. palustris'') of the United States and ...

'' *****

Tomes's rice rat ''Nephelomys albigularis'', also known as the white-throated oryzomys or Tomes's rice rat, is a species of rodent in the genus ''Nephelomys'' of family Cricetidae. Described in 1860, it was the first ''Nephelomys'' species to be discovered. It w ...

, ''Oryzomys albigularis'' LR/lc ***** Alfaro's rice rat, ''Oryzomys alfaroi'' LR/lc ***** Bolivar rice rat, ''Oryzomys bolivaris'' LR/lc *****

Coues' rice rat ''Oryzomys couesi'', also known as Coues's rice rat, is a semiaquatic rodent in the family Cricetidae occurring from southernmost Texas through Mexico and Central America into northwestern Colombia. It is usually found in wet habitats, such as ...

, ''Oryzomys couesi'' LR/lc ***** Boquete rice rat, ''Oryzomys devius'' LR/lc ***** Talamancan rice rat, ''Oryzomys talamancae'' LR/lc ****Genus: '' Rheomys'' ***** Goldman's water mouse, ''Rheomys raptor'' LR/lc *****

Underwood's water mouse Underwood's water mouse (''Rheomys underwoodi'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in Costa Rican and western Panamanian cloud forest at altitudes from 1500 to 2000 m. This mouse lives near streams in highland forests an ...

, ''Rheomys underwoodi'' LR/lc ****Genus: '' Sigmodon'' *****

Southern cotton rat The southern cotton rat (''Sigmodon hirsutus'') is a rodent species in the family Cricetidae. It is found from southern Chiapas in Mexico through Central America, except for Belize, and as far east as northern Colombia and Venezuela. It lives in ...

, ''Sigmodon hirsutus'' LC ****Genus: ''

Sigmodontomys ''Sigmodontomys'' is a genus of rodent in the tribe Oryzomyini of family Cricetidae. It is related to ''Nectomys'' and ''Melanomys'' and used to be included in ''Nectomys''. It includes two species, ''Sigmodontomys alfari'' and the much rarer ''S ...

'' ***** Alfaro's rice water rat, ''Sigmodontomys alfari'' LR/lc ***** Harris's rice water rat, ''Sigmodontomys aphrastus'' CR ****Genus: ''

Zygodontomys ''Zygodontomys'' is a genus of rodent in the tribe Oryzomyini of the family Cricetidae. Its closest relative may be '' Scolomys''. It ranges from Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas ...

'' *****

Short-tailed cane rat ''Zygodontomys brevicauda'', also known as the short-tailed zygodont, short-tailed cane mouse, or common cane mouse, is a species of rodent in the genus ''Zygodontomys'' of tribe Oryzomyini. Distribution It occurs from Costa Rica via Panama, Col ...

, ''Zygodontomys brevicauda'' LR/lc

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

---- The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (

hare Hares and jackrabbits are mammals belonging to the genus ''Lepus''. They are herbivores, and live solitarily or in pairs. They nest in slight depressions called forms, and their young are able to fend for themselves shortly after birth. The ge ...

s and

rabbit Rabbits, also known as bunnies or bunny rabbits, are small mammals in the family Leporidae (which also contains the hares) of the order Lagomorpha (which also contains the pikas). ''Oryctolagus cuniculus'' includes the European rabbit speci ...

s), and Ochotonidae ( pikas). Though they can resemble

rodent Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are na ...

s, and were classified as a

superfamily SUPERFAMILY is a database and search platform of structural and functional annotation for all proteins and genomes. It classifies amino acid sequences into known structural domains, especially into SCOP superfamilies. Domains are functional, str ...

in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two. *Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares) **Genus: '' Sylvilagus'' *** Dice's cottontail, ''Sylvilagus dicei'' VU ***

Eastern cottontail The eastern cottontail (''Sylvilagus floridanus'') is a New World cottontail rabbit, a member of the family Leporidae. It is the most common rabbit species in North America. Distribution The eastern cottontail can be found in meadows and shrubby ...

, ''Sylvilagus floridanus'' LR/lc *** Central American tapetí, ''Sylvilagus gabbi'' LC

Order: Eulipotyphla (shrews, hedgehogs, moles, and solenodons)

---- Eulipotyphlans are insectivorous mammals. Shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice, hedgehogs carry spines, while

mole Mole (or Molé) may refer to: Animals * Mole (animal) or "true mole", mammals in the family Talpidae, found in Eurasia and North America * Golden moles, southern African mammals in the family Chrysochloridae, similar to but unrelated to Talpida ...

s are stout-bodied burrowers. *Family: Soricidae (shrews) **Subfamily: Soricinae ***Tribe: Blarinini ****Genus: ''

Cryptotis The genus ''Cryptotis'' is a group of relatively small shrews with short ears, which are usually not visible, and short tails, commonly called small-eared shrews. They have 30 teeth and are members of the red-toothed shrew subfamily. Since 1992, ...

'' *****

Talamancan small-eared shrew The Talamancan small-eared shrew (''Cryptotis gracilis'') is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República d ...

, ''Cryptotis gracilis'' VU ***** Blackish small-eared shrew, ''Cryptotis nigrescens'' LR/lc

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

---- The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals. 109 species of bats have been recorded in Costa Rica, accounting for half of the country's mammal species, and about 12% of all Chiroptera worldwide. *Family: Noctilionidae **Genus: '' Noctilio'' ***

Lesser bulldog bat The lesser bulldog bat (''Noctilio albiventris'') is an insectivorous and occasionally carnivorous bat of the (Neotropics), ranging through Central America and northern South America. Some unique characteristics of the bat include, large feet tha ...

, ''Noctilio albiventris'' LR/lc ***

Greater bulldog bat The greater bulldog bat or fisherman bat (''Noctilio leporinus'') is a species of fishing bat native to Latin America (Spanish: ''murciélago pescador''; Portuguese: ''morcego-pescador''). The bat uses echolocation to detect water ripples made ...

, ''Noctilio leporinus'' LR/lc *Family:

Vespertilionidae Vespertilionidae is a family of microbats, of the order Chiroptera, flying, insect-eating mammals variously described as the common, vesper, or simple nosed bats. The vespertilionid family is the most diverse and widely distributed of bat familie ...

**Subfamily:

Myotinae Myotinae is a subfamily of vesper bats. It contains three genera: ''Eudiscopus'', '' Myotis'', and ''Submyotodon''. Before the description of ''Submyotodon'' and analysis of its phylogenetics, as well as a phylogenetic analysis of ''Eudiscopus'', ...

***Genus: ''

Myotis The mouse-eared bats or myotises are a diverse and widespread genus (''Myotis'') of bats within the family Vespertilionidae. The noun "''myotis''" itself is a New Latin construction, from the Greek "''muós'' (meaning "mouse") and "''oûs''" (mea ...

'' ****

Silver-tipped myotis The silver-tipped myotis (''Myotis albescens'') is a species of mouse-eared bat found in a range of lowland habitats in the Americas. It is part of the vesper bat genus ''Myotis'', which includes many common species across the world. Genetic ana ...

, ''Myotis albescens'' LR/lc ****

Elegant myotis The elegant myotis (''Myotis elegans'') is a species of vesper bat found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua. Description The elegant myotis is a small bat, with a body weight of about 4 g. Its fur is b ...

, ''Myotis elegans'' LR/nt ****

Hairy-legged myotis The hairy-legged myotis (''Myotis keaysi'') is a species of mouse-eared bat. It is found from southern Tamaulipas in Mexico, through much of Central America and across northern South America as far east as Trinidad. Further south, it is found alo ...

, ''Myotis keaysi'' LR/lc **** Black myotis, ''Myotis nigricans'' LR/lc ****

Montane myotis The montane myotis (''Myotis oxyotus'') is a species of vesper bat. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela. References

Mouse-eared bats Mammals of Bolivia Mammals of Colombia Mammals of Ecuado ...

, ''Myotis oxyotus'' LR/lc ****

Riparian myotis The riparian myotis (''Myotis riparius''), is a vespertilionid bat species from South and Central America. It is a medium-sized bat compared to other South American myotis. Taxonomy The riparian myotis was originally described as a subspecies of ...

, ''Myotis riparius'' LR/lc **Subfamily:

Vespertilioninae The Vespertilioninae are a subfamily of vesper bats from the family Vespertilionidae. Classification Subfamily Vespertilioninae *Tribe Antrozoini **Genus '' Antrozous'' *** Pallid bat, ''Antrozous pallidus'' **Genus '' Bauerus'' *** Van Geld ...

***Genus: ''

Bauerus Van Gelder's bat or Van Gelder's big-eared bat (''Bauerus dubiaquercus'') is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, Honduras, and Mexico. The species is monotypic within its genus. It is part of ...

'' ****

Van Gelder's bat Van Gelder's bat or Van Gelder's big-eared bat (''Bauerus dubiaquercus'') is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, Honduras, and Mexico. The species is monotypic within its genus. It is part of ...

, ''Bauerus dubiaquercus'' VU ***Genus: '' Eptesicus'' ****

Brazilian brown bat The Brazilian brown bat (''Eptesicus brasiliensis''), is a bat species from South and Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States ...

, ''Eptesicus brasiliensis'' LR/lc ****

Argentine brown bat The Argentine brown bat (''Eptesicus furinalis''), is a bat species from South and Central America. Description The Argentine brown bat is a small to medium sized bat, its dorsal pelage is a cinnamon brown color. Its ventral pelage is a dark bro ...

, ''Eptesicus furinalis'' LR/lc **** Big brown bat, ''Eptesicus fuscus'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Lasiurus ''Lasiurus'' is a genus of bats in the family Vespertilionidae Vespertilionidae is a family of microbats, of the order Chiroptera, flying, insect-eating mammals variously described as the common, vesper, or simple nosed bats. The vespertilio ...

'' ****

Desert red bat The western red bat or desert red bat (''Lasiurus frantzii'') is a species of microbat in the family Vespertilionidae. It is found in western North America and Central America. Taxonomy Previously, it was believed to be a subspecies of the ...

, ''Lasiurus blossevillii'' LR/lc **** Tacarcuna bat, ''Lasiurus castaneus'' VU ****

Southern yellow bat The southern yellow bat (''Dasypterus ega'') is a species of vesper bat that belongs to suborder microchiroptera (microbat) in the family Vespertilionidae. It is native to South, North and Central America, from the Rio Grande Valley of Texas i ...

, ''Lasiurus ega'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Rhogeessa ''Rhogeessa'' is a genus of bats within the vesper bats family, Vespertilionidae. Species *Yucatan yellow bat (''R. aeneus'') *Allen's yellow bat (''R. alleni'') * Bickham's little yellow bat (''Rhogeessa bickhami'') * Genoways's yellow bat ('' ...

'' ****

Black-winged little yellow bat The black-winged little yellow bat (''Rhogeessa tumida'') is a species of Vespertilionidae, vesper bat native to Central America. Description The black-winged little yellow bat is a small bat, with a total length of between , and no significant ...

, ''Rhogeessa tumida'' LR/lc *Family: Molossidae **Genus: ''

Cynomops ''Cynomops'' is a genus of Central and South American dog-faced bats in the family Molossidae. It has sometimes been considered a subgenus of '' Molossops''. It contains the following species: * Cinnamon dog-faced bat (''C. abrasus'') * Free ...

'' *** Greenhall's dog-faced bat, ''Cynomops greenhalli'' LR/lc **Genus: ''

Eumops ''Eumops'' (mastiff bats or bonneted bats) is a genus of bat Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true ...

'' ***

Black bonneted bat The black bonneted bat, also known as Shaw's mastiff bat, (''Eumops auripendulus''), is a species of bat from the Americas. Description The black-bonneted bat is a medium-sized bat, with adults weighing between . The head and back are covered in ...

, ''Eumops auripendulus'' LR/lc *** Dwarf bonneted bat, ''Eumops bonariensis'' LR/lc ***

Wagner's bonneted bat Wagner's bonneted bat or Wagner's mastiff batBest, T. L., et al. (1997)''Eumops glaucinus''. ''Mammalian Species'' 551, 1-6. (''Eumops glaucinus''), is a species of bat in the family Molossidae. It is found in the Americas from Argentina and Peru ...

, ''Eumops glaucinus'' LR/lc ***

Sanborn's bonneted bat Sanborn's bonneted bat (''Eumops hansae''), is a bat species from South and Central America. It was first described from a specimen collected at Colonia Hansa, Brazil, and is sometimes also known as the Hansa bonneted bat. Description Sanborn's ...

, ''Eumops hansae'' LR/lc **Genus: '' Molossus'' ***

Black mastiff bat The black mastiff bat (''Molossus rufus'') is a bat species. It ranges from the northern region of South America (excluding Chile), most of Central America (excluding Belize) and parts of southern Mexico. Taxonomy The black mastiff bat was speci ...

, ''Molossus ater'' LR/lc *** Bonda mastiff bat, ''Molossus bondae'' LR/lc *** Coiban mastiff bat, ''Molossus coibensis'' LR/nt ***

Velvety free-tailed bat The velvety free-tailed bat or Pallas's mastiff bat (''Molossus molossus''), is a bat species in the family Molossidae. Description ''M. molossus'' is a medium-sized bat, with a length of and with a wingspan of . This species is brown in color ...

, ''Molossus molossus'' LR/lc *** Miller's mastiff bat, ''Molossus pretiosus'' LR/lc *** Sinaloan mastiff bat, ''Molossus sinaloae'' LR/lc **Genus: '' Tadarida'' *** Mexican free-tailed bat, ''Tadarida brasiliensis'' LR/nt *Family: Emballonuridae **Genus: '' Balantiopteryx'' *** Gray sac-winged bat, ''Balantiopteryx plicata'' LR/lc **Genus: '' Cormura'' ***

Wagner's sac-winged bat The chestnut sac-winged bat, or Wagner's sac-winged bat (''Cormura brevirostris'') is a species of sac-winged bat native to South and Central America. It is monotypic taxon, the only species within its genus. Description The chestnut sac-winged ...

, ''Cormura brevirostris'' LR/lc **Genus: '' Cyttarops'' *** Short-eared bat, ''Cyttarops alecto'' LR/nt **Genus: '' Diclidurus'' *** Northern ghost bat, ''Diclidurus albus'' LR/lc **Genus: ''

Peropteryx ''Peropteryx'' is a genus of 5 species of bat in the family Emballonuridae, namely: *Greater dog-like bat (''Peropteryx kappleri'') *White-winged dog-like bat (''Peropteryx leucoptera'') *Lesser dog-like bat (''Peropteryx macrotis'') *Pale-win ...

'' ***

Greater dog-like bat The greater dog-like bat (''Peropteryx kappleri'') is a bat species found from southern Mexico through Brazil and Peru. Description It is the largest member of its genus, with a forearm length of . Individuals weigh approximately . Fur color ca ...

, ''Peropteryx kappleri'' LR/lc *** Lesser doglike bat, ''Peropteryx macrotis'' LR/lc **Genus: ''

Rhynchonycteris The proboscis bat (''Rhynchonycteris naso'') is a species of bat found in South America and Central America. Other common names include Long-nosed proboscis bat, sharp-nosed bat, Brazilian long-nosed bat. and river bat It is the only species in ...

'' *** Proboscis bat, ''Rhynchonycteris naso'' LR/lc **Genus: ''

Saccopteryx ''Saccopteryx'' is a genus of sac-winged bats from Central and South America. The species within this genus are: * Antioquian sac-winged bat ''Saccopteryx antioquensis'' *Greater sac-winged bat The greater sac-winged bat (''Saccopteryx bilin ...

'' ***

Greater sac-winged bat The greater sac-winged bat (''Saccopteryx bilineata'') is a bat of the family Emballonuridae native to Central and South America. They are the most common bats seen in the rainforest, as they often roost on the outside of large trees. They are ...

, ''Saccopteryx bilineata'' LR/lc ***

Lesser sac-winged bat The lesser sac-winged bat or lesser white-lined bat (''Saccopteryx leptura'') is a bat species of the family Emballonuridae from South and Middle America. Description The lesser white-lined bat belongs to the genus ''Saccopteryx''. The bat ...

, ''Saccopteryx leptura'' LR/lc *Family:

Mormoopidae The family Mormoopidae contains bats known generally as mustached bats, ghost-faced bats, and naked-backed bats. They are found in the Americas from the Southwestern United States to Southeastern Brazil. They are distinguished by the presence ...

**Genus: ''

Pteronotus ''Pteronotus'' is a genus of bat Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bat ...

'' *** Naked-backed bat, ''Pteronotus davyi'' LR/lc ***

Big naked-backed bat The big naked-backed bat (''Pteronotus gymnonotus''), is a bat species from South America, South and Central America. Taxonomy It was species description, described as a new species in 1843 by German zoologist Johann Andreas Wagner. Wagner plac ...

, ''Pteronotus gymnonotus'' LR/lc *** Parnell's mustached bat, ''Pteronotus parnellii'' LR/lc ***

Wagner's mustached bat Wagner's mustached bat (''Pteronotus personatus'') is a bat species from South and Central America. It is one of the few New World bats species known to perform Doppler shift compensation behavior. Description Wagner's mustached bat is a relati ...

, ''Pteronotus personatus'' LR/lc *Family: Phyllostomidae **Subfamily:

Phyllostominae Phyllostominae is a subfamily of bats that include big-eared, spear-nosed, sword-nosed bats and relatives. List of species *Subfamily: Phyllostominae ** Tribe Micronycterini ***Genus: ''Glyphonycteris'' ****Behn's bat, ''Glyphonycteris behnii'' ...

***Genus: ''

Chrotopterus The big-eared woolly bat or (Peters's) woolly false vampire bat (''Chrotopterus auritus'') is a species of bat, belonging to the family Phyllostomidae. The name ''Chrotopterus'' is derived from Greek roots ''ch''ariots (skin, color), and ''pter ...

'' ****

Big-eared woolly bat The big-eared woolly bat or (Peters's) woolly false vampire bat (''Chrotopterus auritus'') is a species of bat, belonging to the family Phyllostomidae. The name ''Chrotopterus'' is derived from Greek roots ''ch''ariots (skin, color), and ''pter ...

, ''Chrotopterus auritus'' LR/lc ***Genus: '' Glyphonycteris'' **** Davies's big-eared bat, ''Glyphonycteris daviesi'' LR/nt **** Tricolored big-eared bat, ''Glyphonycteris sylvestris'' LR/nt ***Genus: ''

Lampronycteris The yellow-throated big-eared bat or orange-throated bat(''Lampronycteris brachyotis'') is a species of bat that ranges from southern Mexico to Brazil. It is the only species within the genus ''Lampronycteris''. A frugivore and insectivore, it i ...

'' ****

Yellow-throated big-eared bat The yellow-throated big-eared bat or orange-throated bat(''Lampronycteris brachyotis'') is a species of bat that ranges from southern Mexico to Brazil. It is the only species within the genus ''Lampronycteris''. A frugivore and insectivore, it i ...

, ''Lampronycteris brachyotis'' LR/lc ***Genus: '' Lonchorhina'' **** Tomes's sword-nosed bat, ''Lonchorhina aurita'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Lophostoma ''Lophostoma'' is a genus of Central and South American bats in the family Phyllostomidae. Species Genus ''Lophostoma'' *Pygmy round-eared bat, ''Lophostoma brasiliense'' * Carriker's round-eared bat, ''Lophostoma carrikeri'' *Davis's round-ea ...

'' ****

Pygmy round-eared bat The pygmy round-eared bat (''Lophostoma brasiliense'') is a bat species from South America, South and Central America. Description Its ears are large with rounded tips. Its upper lip has several small warts. The fur is dark brown or black in col ...

, ''Lophostoma brasiliense'' LR/lc ****

White-throated round-eared bat The white-throated round-eared bat (''Lophostoma silvicolum'') is a bat species found from Honduras to Bolivia, Paraguay and Brazil. It creates roosts inside the nests of the termite, ''Nasutitermes corniger''. It thrives on a mainly insect-base ...

, ''Lophostoma silvicolum'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Macrophyllum The long-legged bat (''Macrophyllum macrophyllum'') is a member of the Phyllostomidae family in the order Chiroptera. Both males and females of this species are generally small, with wingspans reaching 80mm with an average weight ranging betwee ...

'' ****

Long-legged bat The long-legged bat (''Macrophyllum macrophyllum'') is a member of the Phyllostomidae family in the order Chiroptera. Both males and females of this species are generally small, with wingspans reaching 80mm with an average weight ranging betwee ...

, ''Macrophyllum macrophyllum'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Micronycteris ''Micronycteris'' is a genus of leaf-nosed bats. List of species Genus ''Micronycteris'' - little big-eared bats * Brosset's big-eared bat, ''Micronycteris brosseti ''Simmons & Voss, 1998 * '' Micronycteris buriri'' Larsen, Siles, Pedersen, & Kw ...

'' ****

Hairy big-eared bat The hairy big-eared bat (''Micronycteris hirsuta'') is a bat species from South and Central America, as well as Trinidad and Tobago in the Caribbean The Caribbean (, ) ( es, El Caribe; french: la Caraïbe; ht, Karayib; nl, De Caraïben) is ...

, ''Micronycteris hirsuta'' LR/lc ****

White-bellied big-eared bat The white-bellied big-eared bat (''Micronycteris minuta'') is a bat species from South and Central America, as well as Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago (, ), officially the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, is the southernmost islan ...

, ''Micronycteris minuta'' LR/lc ****

Schmidts's big-eared bat Schmidts's big-eared bat (''Micronycteris schmidtorum'') is a bat species from South and Central America. Description Individuals weigh and have forearm lengths of . Its ears are long with rounded tips. Its dorsal fur is brown while its ventral ...

, ''Micronycteris schmidtorum'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Mimon ''Mimon'' is a bat genus from South America. Species Genus: ''Mimon'' - Gray's spear-nosed bats *Golden bat, ''Mimon bennettii'' *Cozumelan golden bat, ''Mimon cozumelae'' *Striped hairy-nosed bat, ''Mimon crenulatum'' *Koepcke's hairy-nosed bat ...

'' ****

Striped hairy-nosed bat The striped hairy-nosed bat (''Mimon crenulatum'') is a bat species found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela. References

Bats of South America Bats of Brazil Mammals of Colombia Phyllostomidae Ba ...

, ''Mimon crenulatum'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Phylloderma The pale-faced bat (''Phylloderma stenops'') is a bat species from South America, South and Central America. References

Phyllostomidae Bats of Central America Bats of South America Bats of Brazil Mammals of Colombia Mammals described i ...

'' ****

Pale-faced bat The pale-faced bat (''Phylloderma stenops'') is a bat species from South America, South and Central America. References

Phyllostomidae Bats of Central America Bats of South America Bats of Brazil Mammals of Colombia Mammals described in ...

, ''Phylloderma stenops'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Phyllostomus ''Phyllostomus'' is a genus of leaf-nosed bat The New World leaf-nosed bats (Phyllostomidae) are found from southern North America to South America, specifically from the Southwest United States to northern Argentina. They are ecologically the ...

'' ****

Pale spear-nosed bat The pale spear-nosed bat (''Phyllostomus discolor'') is a species of phyllostomid bat from South and Central America. Description Pale spear-nosed bats are relatively robust for bats. Adults range from in total length, with an average wingspan ...

, ''Phyllostomus discolor'' LR/lc ****

Greater spear-nosed bat The greater spear-nosed bat (''Phyllostomus hastatus'') is a bat species of the family Phyllostomidae from South and Central America. It is one of the larger bats of this region and is omnivorous. Habitat ''Phyllostomus hastatus'' lives in tr ...

, ''Phyllostomus hastatus'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Tonatia ''Tonatia'' is a small genus of South and Central American phyllostomid bats. Species :Greater round-eared bat, ''Tonatia bidens'' Spix, 1823 :Stripe-headed round-eared bat The stripe-headed round-eared bat (''Tonatia saurophila'') is a speci ...

'' ****

Stripe-headed round-eared bat The stripe-headed round-eared bat (''Tonatia saurophila'') is a species of bat from family Phyllostomidae. It can be found on forests in Central and South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and most ...

, ''Tonatia saurophila'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Trachops The fringe-lipped bat (''Trachops cirrhosus'') is a leaf-nosed bat from southern Mexico to Bolivia and southern Brazil. It has three subspecies and no known fossils. It is the only species within its genus. Morphology The fringe-lipped bat has ...

'' ****

Fringe-lipped bat The fringe-lipped bat (''Trachops cirrhosus'') is a leaf-nosed bat from southern Mexico to Bolivia and southern Brazil. It has three subspecies and no known fossils. It is monotypic taxon, the only species within its genus. Morphology The fringe ...

, ''Trachops cirrhosus'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Trinycteris Niceforo's big-eared bat (''Trinycteris nicefori'') is a bat species from South and Central America, ranging from Chiapas to Bolivia and northeastern Brazil. Its habitat is primary and secondary forest at altitudes from sea level to 1000 m. It i ...

'' ****

Niceforo's big-eared bat Niceforo's big-eared bat (''Trinycteris nicefori'') is a bat species from South and Central America, ranging from Chiapas to Bolivia and northeastern Brazil. Its habitat is primary and secondary forest at altitudes from sea level to 1000 m. It i ...

, ''Trinycteris nicefori'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Vampyrum The spectral bat (''Vampyrum spectrum''), also called the great false vampire bat or Linnaeus's false vampire bat, is a large, carnivorous leaf-nosed bat found in Mexico, Central America, and South America. It is the only member of the genus '' ...

'' ****

Spectral bat The spectral bat (''Vampyrum spectrum''), also called the great false vampire bat or Linnaeus's false vampire bat, is a large, carnivorous leaf-nosed bat found in Mexico, Central America, and South America. It is the only member of the genus '' ...

, ''Vampyrum spectrum'' LR/nt **Subfamily: Lonchophyllinae ***Genus: ''

Lonchophylla ''Lonchophylla'' is a genus of bats in the family Phyllostomidae. List of species Genus ''Lonchophylla'' * Bokermann's nectar bat, ''Lonchophylla bokermanni'' * Cadena's long-tongued bat, ''Lonchophylla cadenai'' * Chocoan long-tongued bat, ''L ...

'' ****

Godman's nectar bat Goldman's nectar bat (''Lonchophylla mordax'') is a bat species found in Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador and Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transco ...

, ''Lonchophylla mordax'' LR/lc ****

Orange nectar bat The orange nectar bat (''Lonchophylla robusta'') is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela. Orange nectar bats in Costa Rica were observed utilising a ...

, ''Lonchophylla robusta'' LR/lc **Subfamily:

Glossophaginae Glossophaginae is a subfamily of leaf-nosed bats. List of species Subfamily: Glossophaginae * Tribe Glossophagini **Genus: '' Anoura'' - Geoffroy's long-nosed bats ***'' Anoura aequatoris'' *** Cadena's tailless bat, ''Anoura cadenai'' *** Ta ...

***Genus: ''

Anoura ''Anoura'' is a genus of leaf-nosed bats from Central and South America. ''Anoura'' members lack or have a short tail, and are nectarivorous bats of small to medium size among the Phyllostomidae. Etymology The genus ''Anoura'' was described in ...

'' **** Handley's tailless bat, ''Anoura cultrata'' LR/lc ****

Geoffroy's tailless bat Geoffroy's tailless bat (''Anoura geoffroyi'') is a species of phyllostomid bat from the American tropics. Description Geoffroy's tailless bat is a medium-sized bat, measuring around in total length and weighing . It has dark to dull brown fur o ...

, ''Anoura geoffroyi'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Choeroniscus ''Choeroniscus'' (long-tailed bat) is a genus of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It contains the following species: * Godman's long-tailed bat (''Choeroniscus godmani'') * Greater long-tailed bat The greater long-tailed bat (''Choeroniscus ...

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Godman's long-tailed bat Godman's long-tailed bat (''Choeroniscus godmani'') is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Suriname, and Venezuela Venezuela (; ...

, ''Choeroniscus godmani'' LR/nt ***Genus: ''

Glossophaga ''Glossophaga'' (long-tongued bat) is a genus of bats in the leaf-nosed bat family, Phyllostomidae. Members of the genus are native to the American Neotropics. Species *''G. antillarum'' (Rehn, 1902): Jamaican long-tongued bat, Jamaica. *''G ...

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Commissaris's long-tongued bat Commissaris's long-tongued bat (''Glossophaga commissarisi'') is a bat species from South and Central America. Description The bat's length ranges from 43 to 65 mm, has a wingspan of 32 to 42 mm, and weighs on average 9.3 to 9.5 grams ...

, ''Glossophaga commissarisi'' LR/lc ****

Gray long-tongued bat The gray long-tongued bat (''Glossophaga leachii'') is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua Nicaragua (; ), officially the Republic of Nicaragua ( ...

, ''Glossophaga leachii'' LR/lc ****

Pallas's long-tongued bat Pallas's long-tongued bat (''Glossophaga soricina'') is a South and Central American bat with a fast metabolism that feeds on nectar. Metabolism It has the fastest metabolism ever recorded in a mammal, similar to those of hummingbirds. Althou ...

, ''Glossophaga soricina'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Lichonycteris ''Lichonycteris'' (Little long-tongued bat) is a genus of bats in the family Phyllostomidae. Its members are native to South America. Species *''L. degener'' (Gerrit Smith Miller Jr., Miller, 1931): Pale brown long-nosed bat *''L. obscura'' (Old ...

'' ****

Dark long-tongued bat The dark long-tongued bat (''Lichonycteris obscura'') is a species of bat from South America, South and Central America. It was formerly considered monotypic taxon, the only species within the genus ''Lichonycteris,'' but is now recognized as on ...

, ''Lichonycteris obscura'' LR/lc **Subfamily:

Carolliinae Carolliinae is a subfamily of bats. Classification Subfamily Carolliinae *Genus: ''Carollia'' - Short-tailed Leaf-nosed Bats ** Benkeith's short-tailed Bat, ''Carollia benkeithi'' **Silky Short-tailed Bat, ''Carollia brevicauda'' ** Chestnut Sho ...

***Genus: ''

Carollia ''Carollia'' is a genus of bats often referred to as the short-tailed fruit bats. Along with the genus ''Rhinophylla'', ''Carollia'' makes up the subfamily Carolliinae of family Phyllostomidae, the leaf-nosed bats. Currently, nine species of ' ...

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Silky short-tailed bat The silky short-tailed bat (''Carollia brevicauda'') is a bat species found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Mexico and Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of V ...

, ''Carollia brevicauda'' LR/lc **** Chestnut short-tailed bat, ''Carollia castanea'' LR/lc **** Seba's short-tailed bat, ''Carollia perspicillata'' LR/lc **Subfamily:

Stenodermatinae Stenodermatinae is a large subfamily of bats in the family Phyllostomidae. List of species Subfamily Stenodermatinae *Genus: ''Ametrida'' **Little white-shouldered bat, ''Ametrida centurio'' *Genus: ''Ardops'' **Tree bat, ''Ardops nichollsi'' *G ...

***Genus: ''

Artibeus The Neotropical fruit bats (''Artibeus'') are a genus of bats within the subfamily Stenodermatinae. The genus consists of 12 species, which are native to Central America, Central and South America, as well as parts of the Caribbean. Description ...

'' ****

Aztec fruit-eating bat The Aztec fruit-eating bat (''Dermanura azteca'') is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. Taxonomy and etymology It was described as a new species in 1906 by Danish mammalogist Knud Andersen. The holotype was collected by Edward Wil ...

, ''Artibeus aztecus'' LR/lc ****

Great fruit-eating bat The great fruit-eating bat (''Artibeus lituratus'') is a bat species found from Mexico to Brazil and Argentina, as well as in Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Grenada, Martinique, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Trinidad and Tobag ...

, ''Artibeus intermedius'' LR/lc **** Jamaican fruit bat, ''Artibeus jamaicensis'' LR/lc ****

, ''Artibeus lituratus'' LR/lc ****

Pygmy fruit-eating bat The pygmy fruit-eating bat (''Dermanura phaeotis'') is a bat of the family Phyllostomidae. The specific name ''phaeotis'' is of Greek derivation, coming from the word ''phaios'' meaning dusky, referring to their dusky gray coloration. Biogeo ...

, ''Artibeus phaeotis'' LR/lc ****

Toltec fruit-eating bat The Toltec fruit-eating bat (''Dermanura tolteca'') is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is also sometimes called the "lowland fruit eating bat." Taxonomy Three subspecies of the Toltec fruit-eating bat are recognized: ''A. t. t ...

, ''Artibeus toltecus'' LR/lc ***Genus: '' Centurio'' **** Wrinkle-faced bat, ''Centurio senex'' LR/lc ***Genus: '' Chiroderma'' **** Salvin's big-eyed bat, ''Chiroderma salvini'' LR/lc ****

Hairy big-eyed bat The hairy big-eyed bat (''Chiroderma villosum'') is a bat species from South America, South and Central America. References

Chiroderma Bats of Central America Bats of South America Bats of Brazil Mammals described in 1860 Taxa named by ...

, ''Chiroderma villosum'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Ectophylla The Honduran white bat (''Ectophylla alba''), also called the Caribbean white tent-making bat, is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomatidae. It is the only member of the genus ''Ectophylla''. The genus and the species were both scientific ...

'' **** Honduran white bat, ''Ectophylla alba'' LR/nt ***Genus: ''

Enchisthenes The velvety fruit-eating bat (''Enchisthenes hartii''), also known as Hart's little fruit bat, is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is monotypic, the only species within the genus ''Enchisthenes''. It is found in Central America, ...

'' **** Velvety fruit-eating bat, ''Enchisthenes hartii'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Mesophylla MacConnell's bat (''Mesophylla macconnelli''), is a bat species from South and Central America. It is the only species within the genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living ...

'' **** MacConnell's bat, ''Mesophylla macconnelli'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Sturnira ''Sturnira'' known as a yellow-shouldered bat or American epauleted bat, is a genus of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. The genus name comes from the Latin for "starling" and refers to , which took part in an 1836 voyage to Brazil during which ...

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Little yellow-shouldered bat The little yellow-shouldered bat (''Sturnira lilium'') is a bat species from South and Central America. It is a frugivore A frugivore is an animal that thrives mostly on raw fruits or succulent fruit-like produce of plants such as roots, shoo ...

, ''Sturnira lilium'' LR/lc ****

Highland yellow-shouldered bat The highland yellow-shouldered bat (''Sturnira ludovici'') is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, and Venezuela. Refer ...

, ''Sturnira ludovici'' LR/lc ****

Louis's yellow-shouldered bat Louis's yellow-shouldered bat (''Sturnira luisi'') is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, and Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Es ...

, ''Sturnira luisi'' LR/lc ****

Talamancan yellow-shouldered bat The Talamancan yellow-shouldered bat (''Sturnira mordax'') is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found only in Costa Rica and Panama, and there are no subspecies. Description The bat is relatively small, with adults measuring ...

, ''Sturnira mordax'' LR/nt ***Genus: '' Uroderma'' **** Tent-making bat, ''Uroderma bilobatum'' LR/lc **** Brown tent-making bat, ''Uroderma magnirostrum'' LR/lc ***Genus: '' Vampyressa'' **** Striped yellow-eared bat, ''Vampyressa nymphaea'' LR/lc **** Southern little yellow-eared bat, ''Vampyressa pusilla'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Vampyrodes The great stripe-faced bat or stripe-faced vampire bat (''Vampyrodes caraccioli'') is a bat species found from southern Mexico to Bolivia and northwestern Brazil, as well as on Trinidad. The great stripe-faced bat is a frugivore. It is one of two ...

'' ****

Great stripe-faced bat The great stripe-faced bat or stripe-faced vampire bat (''Vampyrodes caraccioli'') is a bat species found from southern Mexico to Bolivia and northwestern Brazil, as well as on Trinidad. The great stripe-faced bat is a frugivore. It is one of two ...

, ''Vampyrodes caraccioli'' LR/lc ***Genus: '' Platyrrhinus'' **** Heller's broad-nosed bat, ''Platyrrhinus helleri'' LR/lc ****

Greater broad-nosed bat The greater broad-nosed bat (''Platyrrhinus vittatus'') is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela. References

Platyrrhinus Mammals of Colombia Ma ...

, ''Platyrrhinus vittatus'' LR/lc **Subfamily: Desmodontinae ***Genus: ''

Desmodus ''Desmodus'' is a genus of bats which—along with the genera ''Diaemus'' and ''Diphylla''—are allied as the subfamily Desmodontinae, the carnivorous, blood-consuming vampire bats of the New World leaf-nosed bat family Phyllostomidae. The ge ...

'' **** Common vampire bat, ''Desmodus rotundus'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Diaemus The white-winged vampire bat (''Diaemus youngi''), a species of vampire bat, is the only member of the genus ''Diaemus''. They are found from Mexico to northern Argentina and are present on the islands of Trinidad and Margarita. Etymology and ta ...

'' ****

White-winged vampire bat The white-winged vampire bat (''Diaemus youngi''), a species of vampire bat, is the only member of the genus ''Diaemus''. They are found from Mexico to northern Argentina and are present on the islands of Trinidad and Margarita. Etymology and ta ...

, ''Diaemus youngi'' LR/lc ***Genus: '' Diphylla'' ****

Hairy-legged vampire bat The hairy-legged vampire bat (''Diphylla ecaudata'') is one of three extant species of vampire bats. It mainly feeds on the blood of wild birds, but can also feed both on domestic birds and humans. This vampire bat lives mainly in tropical and su ...

, ''Diphylla ecaudata'' LR/nt *Family:

Furipteridae Furipteridae is family of bats, allying two genera of single species, '' Amorphochilus schnablii'' (smoky bat) and the type '' Furipterus horrens'' (thumbless bat). They are found in Central and South America and are closely related to the bats ...

**Genus: ''

Furipterus The thumbless bat (''Furipterus horrens'') is a species of insectivorous bat in the family Furipteridae, in the monotypic genus ''Furipterus''. They have a small thumb which is included in the membrane of the wing, causing the 'thumbless' appeara ...

'' ***

Thumbless bat The thumbless bat (''Furipterus horrens'') is a species of insectivorous bat in the family Furipteridae, in the monotypic genus ''Furipterus''. They have a small thumb which is included in the membrane of the wing, causing the 'thumbless' appeara ...

, ''Furipterus horrens'' LR/lc *Family:

Thyropteridae Disk-winged bats are a small group of bats of the family Thyropteridae and genus Thyroptera. They are found in Central and South America, usually in moist tropical rain forests. It is a very small family, consisting of a single genus with five ex ...

**Genus: ''

Thyroptera Disk-winged bats are a small group of bats of the family Thyropteridae and genus Thyroptera. They are found in Central and South America, usually in moist tropical rain forests. It is a very small family, consisting of a single genus with five e ...

'' *** Spix's disk-winged bat, ''Thyroptera tricolor'' LR/lc

Order:
Cetacea Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Key characteristics are their fully aquatic lifestyle, streamlined body shape, often large size and exclusively carnivorous diet. They propel them ...
(whales)

---- The order Cetacea includes

whale Whales are a widely distributed and diverse group of fully aquatic placental marine mammals. As an informal and colloquial grouping, they correspond to large members of the infraorder Cetacea, i.e. all cetaceans apart from dolphins and ...

dolphin A dolphin is an aquatic mammal within the infraorder Cetacea. Dolphin species belong to the families Delphinidae (the oceanic dolphins), Platanistidae (the Indian river dolphins), Iniidae (the New World river dolphins), Pontoporiidae (the ...

s and

porpoise Porpoises are a group of fully aquatic marine mammals, all of which are classified under the family Phocoenidae, parvorder Odontoceti (toothed whales). Although similar in appearance to dolphins, they are more closely related to narwhals an ...

s. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater. *Suborder:

Mysticeti Baleen whales (systematic name Mysticeti), also known as whalebone whales, are a parvorder of carnivorous marine mammals of the infraorder Cetacea (whales, dolphins and porpoises) which use keratinaceous baleen plates (or "whalebone") in their ...

**Family:

Balaenopteridae Rorquals () are the largest group of baleen whales, which comprise the family Balaenopteridae, containing ten extant species in three genera. They include the largest animal that has ever lived, the blue whale, which can reach , and the fin wha ...

(baleen whales) ***Genus: ''

Balaenoptera ''Balaenoptera'' () is a genus of rorquals containing eight extant species. ''Balaenoptera'' comprises all but two of the extant species in its family (the humpback whale and gray whale); the genus is currently polyphyletic, with the two aforem ...

'' **** Common minke whale, ''Balaenoptera acutorostrata'' ****

Sei whale The sei whale ( , ; ''Balaenoptera borealis'') is a baleen whale, the third-largest rorqual after the blue whale and the fin whale. It inhabits most oceans and adjoining seas, and prefers deep offshore waters. It avoids polar and tropical ...

, ''Balaenoptera borealis'' ****

Bryde's whale Bryde's whale ( Brooder's), or the Bryde's whale complex, putatively comprises three species of rorqual and maybe four. The "complex" means the number and classification remains unclear because of a lack of definitive information and research ...

, ''Balaenoptera brydei'' ****

Blue whale The blue whale (''Balaenoptera musculus'') is a marine mammal and a baleen whale. Reaching a maximum confirmed length of and weighing up to , it is the largest animal known to have ever existed. The blue whale's long and slender body can ...

, ''Balaenoptera musculus'' ***Genus: ''

Megaptera The humpback whale (''Megaptera novaeangliae'') is a species of baleen whale. It is a rorqual (a member of the family Balaenopteridae) and is the only species in the genus ''Megaptera''. Adults range in length from and weigh up to . The hump ...

'' ****

Humpback whale The humpback whale (''Megaptera novaeangliae'') is a species of baleen whale. It is a rorqual (a member of the family Balaenopteridae) and is the only species in the genus ''Megaptera''. Adults range in length from and weigh up to . The hump ...

, ''Megaptera novaeangliae'' *Suborder:

Odontoceti The toothed whales (also called odontocetes, systematic name Odontoceti) are a parvorder of cetaceans that includes dolphins, porpoises, and all other whales possessing teeth, such as the beaked whales and sperm whales. Seventy-three species of ...

**Superfamily: Platanistoidea ***Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins) ****Genus: ''

Delphinus Delphinus (Pronounced or ) is a small constellation in the Northern Celestial Hemisphere, close to the celestial equator. Its name is the Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-Europea ...

'' *****

Short-beaked common dolphin The common dolphin (''Delphinus delphis'') is the most abundant cetacean in the world, with a global population of about six million. Despite this fact and its vernacular name, the common dolphin is not thought of as the archetypal dolphin, with ...

, ''Delphinus delphis'' DD ****Genus: '' Feresa'' *****

Pygmy killer whale The pygmy killer whale (''Feresa attenuata'') is a poorly known and rarely seen oceanic dolphin. It is the only species in the genus ''Feresa''. It derives its common name from sharing some physical characteristics with the orca also known as t ...

, ''Feresa attenuata'' DD ****Genus: '' Globicephala'' ***** Short-finned pilot whale, ''Globicephala macrorhyncus'' DD ****Genus: '' Lagenodelphis'' *****

Fraser's dolphin Fraser's dolphin or the Sarawak dolphin (''Lagenodelphis hosei'') is a cetacean in the family Delphinidae found in deep waters in the Pacific Ocean and to a lesser extent in the Indian and Atlantic Oceans. Taxonomy ''Lagenodelphis hosei'' is spe ...

, ''Lagenodelphis hosei'' DD ****Genus: '' Grampus'' ***** Risso's dolphin, ''Grampus griseus'' DD ****Genus: ''

Orcinus ''Orcinus'' is a genus of Delphinidae, the family of carnivorous marine mammals known as dolphins. It includes the largest delphinid species, ''Orcinus orca'', known as the orca or killer whale. Two extinct species are recognised, '' Orcinus pale ...

'' *****

Killer whale The orca or killer whale (''Orcinus orca'') is a toothed whale belonging to the oceanic dolphin family, of which it is the largest member. It is the only extant species in the genus ''Orcinus'' and is recognizable by its black-and-white pa ...

, ''Orcinus orca'' DD ****Genus: '' Peponocephala'' *****

Melon-headed whale The melon-headed whale (''Peponocephala electra''), also known less commonly as the electra dolphin, little killer whale, or many-toothed blackfish, is a toothed whale of the oceanic dolphin family (Delphinidae). The common name is derived from t ...

, ''Peponocephala electra'' DD ****Genus: ''

Pseudorca ''Pseudorca'' is a genus of cetacea Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Key characteristics are their fully aquatic lifestyle, streamlined body shape, often large size and exclusi ...

'' ***** False killer whale, ''Pseudorca crassidens'' DD ****Genus: ''

Sotalia The dolphin genus ''Sotalia'' is considered to have two member species with the classification of ''Sotalia guianensis'' as a distinct species from ''Sotalia fluviatilis'' in 2007. This was a result of recent morphometric analyses, as well as mito ...

'' *****

Guiana dolphin The Guiana dolphin (''Sotalia guianensis''), also known as the estuarine dolphin or costero, is a dolphin found in the coastal waters to the north and east of South America, and east of Central America. It is a member of the oceanic dolphin fami ...

, ''Sotalia guianensis'' DD ****Genus: ''

Stenella ''Stenella'' is a genus of marine mammals in Delphinidae, the family informally known as the oceanic dolphins. Species Currently, five species are recognised in this genus: The common name for species in this genus is the "spotted dolphins" o ...

'' *****

Pantropical spotted dolphin The pantropical spotted dolphin (''Stenella attenuata'') is a species of dolphin found in all the world's temperate and tropical oceans. The species was beginning to come under threat due to the killing of millions of individuals in tuna purse s ...

, ''Stenella attenuata'' DD *****

Clymene dolphin The Clymene dolphin (''Stenella clymene''), in older texts known as the short-snouted spinner dolphin, is a dolphin endemic to the Atlantic Ocean. It is the only confirmed case of hybrid speciation in marine mammals, descending from the spinner ...

, ''Stenella clymene'' DD *****

Striped dolphin The striped dolphin (''Stenella coeruleoalba'') is an extensively studied dolphin found in temperate and tropical waters of all the world's oceans. It is a member of the oceanic dolphin family (biology), family, Delphinidae. Taxonomy The stripe ...

, ''Stenella coeruleoalba'' DD *****

Atlantic spotted dolphin The Atlantic spotted dolphin (''Stenella frontalis'') is a dolphin found in warm temperate and tropical waters of the Atlantic Ocean. Older members of the species have a very distinctive spotted coloration all over their bodies. Taxonomy The Atl ...

, ''Stenella frontalis'' DD ***** Spinner dolphin, ''Stenella longirostris'' DD ****Genus: '' Steno'' *****

Rough-toothed dolphin The rough-toothed dolphin (''Steno bredanensis'') is a species of dolphin that can be found in deep warm and tropical waters around the world. The species was first described by Georges Cuvier in 1823. The genus name ''Steno'', of which this spe ...

, ''Steno bredanensis'' DD ****Genus: ''

Tursiops Bottlenose dolphins are aquatic mammals in the genus ''Tursiops.'' They are common, cosmopolitan members of the family Delphinidae, the family of oceanic dolphins. Molecular studies show the genus definitively contains two species: the common ...

'' ***** Common bottlenose dolphin, ''Tursiops truncatus'' ***Family: Physeteridae (sperm whales) ****Genus: ''

Physeter ''Physeter'' is a genus of toothed whales. There is only one living species in this genus: the sperm whale (''Physeter macrocephalus''). Some extremely poorly known fossil species have also been assigned to the same genus including ''Physeter an ...

'' *****

Sperm whale The sperm whale or cachalot (''Physeter macrocephalus'') is the largest of the toothed whales and the largest toothed predator. It is the only living member of the genus ''Physeter'' and one of three extant species in the sperm whale famil ...

, ''Physeter catodon'' DD ***Family:

Kogiidae Kogiidae is a family comprising at least two extant species of Cetacea, the Pygmy sperm whale, pygmy (''Kogia breviceps)'' and dwarf sperm whale, dwarf (''K. sima)'' sperm whales. As their common names suggest, they somewhat resemble sperm whales ...

(dwarf sperm whales) ****Genus: ''

Kogia ''Kogia'' is a genus of toothed whales within the superfamily Physeteroidea comprising two extant and two extinct species from the Neogene *Pygmy sperm whale, ''Kogia breviceps'' *Dwarf sperm whale, ''Kogia sima'' *†'' Kogia pusilla'', Italy, ...

'' ***** Pygmy sperm whale, ''Kogia breviceps'' DD ***** Dwarf sperm whale, ''Kogia sima'' DD **Superfamily

Ziphioidea Beaked whales (systematic name Ziphiidae) are a family of cetaceans noted as being one of the least known groups of mammals because of their deep-sea habitat and apparent low abundance. Only three or four of the 24 species are reasonably well-k ...

***Family:

Ziphidae Beaked whales (systematic name Ziphiidae) are a family of cetaceans noted as being one of the least known groups of mammals because of their deep-sea habitat and apparent low abundance. Only three or four of the 24 species are reasonably well-k ...

(beaked whales) ****Genus: '' Mesoplodon'' *****

Gervais' beaked whale Gervais's beaked whale (''Mesoplodon europaeus''), sometimes known as the Antillean beaked whale, Gulf Stream beaked whale, or European beaked whale (from which its scientific name is derived) is the most frequently stranding type of mesoplodont ...

, ''Mesoplodon europaeus'' DD *****

Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale The ginkgo-toothed beaked whale (''Mesoplodon ginkgodens'') is a poorly known species of whale even for a beaked whale, and was named for the unusual shape of its dual teeth. It is a fairly typical-looking species, but is notable for the males no ...

, ''Mesoplodon ginkgodens'' DD ***** Pygmy beaked whale, ''Mesoplodon peruvianus'' DD ****Genus: '' Ziphius'' *****

Cuvier's beaked whale The Cuvier's beaked whale, goose-beaked whale, or ziphius (''Ziphius cavirostris'') is the most widely distributed of all beaked whales in the family Ziphiidae. It is smaller than most baleen whales yet large among beaked whales. Cuvier's beaked ...

, ''Ziphius cavirostris'' DD

Order:
Carnivora Carnivora is a Clade, monophyletic order of Placentalia, placental mammals consisting of the most recent common ancestor of all felidae, cat-like and canidae, dog-like animals, and all descendants of that ancestor. Members of this group are f ...
(carnivorans)

---- There are over 260 species of carnivores, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. *Suborder: Feliformia **Family:

Felidae Felidae () is the family of mammals in the order Carnivora colloquially referred to as cats, and constitutes a clade. A member of this family is also called a felid (). The term "cat" refers both to felids in general and specifically to the ...

(cats) ***Subfamily:

Felinae The Felinae are a subfamily of the family Felidae. This subfamily comprises the small cats having a bony hyoid, because of which they are able to purr but not roar. Other authors have proposed an alternative definition for this subfamily: as c ...

****Genus: '' Herpailurus'' *****

Jaguarundi The jaguarundi (''Herpailurus yagouaroundi'') is a wild cat native to the Americas. Its range extends from central Argentina in the south to northern Mexico, through Central and South America east of the Andes. The jaguarundi is a medium-sized ...

, ''Herpailurus yagouaroundi'' LC ****Genus: '' Leopardus'' *****

Ocelot The ocelot (''Leopardus pardalis'') is a medium-sized spotted wild cat that reaches at the shoulders and weighs between on average. It was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758. Two subspecies are recognized. It is native to the southwes ...

, ''Leopardus pardalis'' LC *****

Oncilla The oncilla (''Leopardus tigrinus''), also known as the northern tiger cat, little spotted cat, and tigrillo, is a small spotted cat ranging from Central America to central Brazil. It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, and the popul ...

, ''Leopardus tigrinus'' NT *****

Margay The margay (''Leopardus wiedii'') is a small wild cat native to Central and South America. A solitary and nocturnal cat, it lives mainly in primary evergreen and deciduous forest. Until the 1990s, margays were hunted illegally for the wildlife ...

, ''Leopardus wiedii'' LC ****Genus: ''

Puma Puma or PUMA may refer to: Animals * ''Puma'' (genus), a genus in the family Felidae ** Puma (species) or cougar, a large cat Businesses and organisations * Puma (brand), a multinational shoe and sportswear company * Puma Energy, a mid- and d ...

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Cougar The cougar (''Puma concolor'') is a large Felidae, cat native to the Americas. Its Species distribution, range spans from the Canadian Yukon to the southern Andes in South America and is the most widespread of any large wild terrestrial mamm ...

, ''Puma concolor'' LC ***Subfamily: Pantherinae ****Genus: ''

Panthera ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family (biology), family Felidae that was named and described by Lorenz Oken in 1816 who placed all the spotted cats in this group. Reginald Innes Pocock revised the classification of this genus in 1916 as co ...

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Jaguar The jaguar (''Panthera onca'') is a large cat species and the only living member of the genus '' Panthera'' native to the Americas. With a body length of up to and a weight of up to , it is the largest cat species in the Americas and the th ...

, ''Panthera onca'' NT *Suborder:

Caniformia Caniformia is a suborder within the order Carnivora consisting of "dog-like" carnivorans. They include dogs (wolves, foxes, etc.), bears, raccoons, and mustelids. The Pinnipedia (seals, walruses and sea lions) are also assigned to this group. ...

**Family:

Canidae Canidae (; from Latin, ''canis'', "dog") is a biological family of dog-like carnivorans, colloquially referred to as dogs, and constitutes a clade. A member of this family is also called a canid (). There are three subfamilies found within th ...

(dogs, foxes) ***Genus: '' Canis'' ****

Coyote The coyote (''Canis latrans'') is a species of canis, canine native to North America. It is smaller than its close relative, the wolf, and slightly smaller than the closely related eastern wolf and red wolf. It fills much of the same ecologica ...

, ''Canis latrans'' LC ***Genus: '' Urocyon'' **** Gray fox, ''Urocyon cinereoargenteus'' LC ***Genus: ''

Speothos ''Speothos'' is a genus of canid found in Central and South America. The genus includes the living bush dog, ''Speothos venaticus'', and an extinct Pleistocene species, ''Speothos pacivorus''. Unusually, the fossil species was identified and nam ...

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Bush dog The bush dog (''Speothos venaticus'') is a canine found in Central and South America. In spite of its extensive range, it is very rare in most areas except in Suriname, Guyana and Peru; it was first identified by Peter Wilhelm Lund from fossils ...

, ''Speothos venaticus'' NT **Family:

Procyonidae Procyonidae is a New World family of the order Carnivora. It comprises the raccoons, ringtails, cacomistles, coatis, kinkajous, olingos, and olinguitos. Procyonids inhabit a wide range of environments and are generally omnivorous. Character ...

(raccoons) ***Genus: ''

Bassaricyon The genus ''Bassaricyon'' consists of small Neotropical procyonids, popularly known as olingos (), cousins of the raccoon. They are native to the rainforests of Central and South America from Nicaragua to Peru. They are arboreal and nocturnal ...

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Northern olingo The northern olingo (''Bassaricyon gabbii''), also known as the bushy-tailed olingo or as simply the olingo (due to it being the most commonly seen of the species), is a tree-dwelling member of the family Procyonidae, which also includes raccoon ...

, ''Bassaricyon gabbii'' LR/nt ***Genus: ''

Bassariscus ''Bassariscus'' is a genus in the scientific classification, family Procyonidae. There are two extant species in the genus: the ring-tailed Cat, ring-tailed cat or ringtail (''B. astutus'') and the cacomistle (''B. sumichrasti''). Genetic studies ...

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Cacomistle The cacomistle (; ''Bassariscus sumichrasti'') is a nocturnal, arboreal and omnivorous member of the carnivoran family Procyonidae. Its preferred habitats are wet, tropical, evergreen woodlands and mountain forests, though seasonally it will ve ...

, ''Bassariscus sumichrasti'' LR/nt ***Genus: ''

Nasua ''Nasua'' is a genus of coatis of the family Procyonidae. Two additional species of coatis, commonly known as mountain coatis, are placed in the genus ''Nasuella''. Characteristics ''Nasua'' differs from ''Nasuella'' in being larger and hav ...

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White-nosed coati The white-nosed coati (''Nasua narica''), also known as the coatimundi (), is a species of coati and a member of the family Procyonidae (raccoons and their relatives). Local Spanish names for the species include ''pizote'', ''antoon'', and ''te ...

, ''Nasua narica'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Potos The kinkajou ( /ˈkɪŋkədʒuː/ ''KING-kə-joo''; ''Potos flavus'') is a tropical rainforest mammal of the family Procyonidae related to olingos, coatis, raccoons, and the ringtail and cacomistle. It is the only member of the genus ''Potos'' ...

'' **** Kinkajou, ''Potos flavus'' LR/lc ***Genus: '' Procyon'' **** Crab-eating raccoon, ''Procyon cancrivorus'' LR/lc ****

Common raccoon The raccoon ( or , ''Procyon lotor''), sometimes called the common raccoon to distinguish it from other species, is a mammal native to North America. It is the largest of the procyonid family, having a body length of , and a body weight of . ...

, ''Procyon lotor'' LR/lc **Family: Mustelidae (mustelids) ***Genus: '' Eira'' **** Tayra, ''Eira barbara'' LR/lc ***Genus: ''

Galictis A grison , , also known as a South American wolverine, is any mustelid in the genus ''Galictis''. Native to Central and South America, the genus contains two extant species: the greater grison (''Galictis vittata''), which is found widely in Sou ...

'' ****

Greater grison The greater grison (''Galictis vittata'') is a species of mustelid native to Southern Mexico, Central America, and South America. Description The greater grison is a slender animal with short legs, a long neck, and a short, bushy tail. They are ...

, ''Galictis vittata'' LR/lc ***Genus: '' Lontra'' ****

Neotropical river otter The Neotropical otter or Neotropical river otter (''Lontra longicaudis'') is an otter species found in Mexico, Central America, South America, and the island of Trinidad. It is physically similar to the northern and southern river otter, which ...

, ''Lontra longicaudis'' NT ***Genus: '' Neogale'' **** Long-tailed weasel, ''Neogale frenata'' LR/lc **Family:

Mephitidae Mephitidae is a family of mammals comprising the skunks and stink badgers. They are noted for the great development of their anal scent glands, which they use to deter predators. Skunks were formerly classified as a subfamily of the Mustelidae ...

***Genus: ''

Conepatus The hog-nosed skunks belong to the genus ''Conepatus'' and are members of the family Mephitidae (skunks). They are native to the Americas. They have white backs and tails and black underparts. Species Extinct species †''Conepatus robustus'' ...

'' **** Striped hog-nosed skunk, ''Conepatus semistriatus'' LR/lc ***Genus: '' Mephitis'' **** Hooded skunk, ''Mephitis macroura'' LR/lc *Suborder:

Pinnipedia Pinnipeds (pronounced ), commonly known as seals, are a widely distributed and diverse clade of carnivorous, fin-footed, semiaquatic, mostly marine mammals. They comprise the extant families Odobenidae (whose only living member is the wal ...

**Family: Otariidae (eared seals, sea lions) ***Genus: ''

Zalophus ''Zalophus'' is a genus of the family Otariidae (sea lions and fur seals) of the order Carnivora. Description The seals of the genus ''Zalophus'' present a notorious sexual dimorphism, since the adult males have a pronounced sagittal crest, an ...

'' ****

California sea lion The California sea lion (''Zalophus californianus'') is a coastal eared seal native to western North America. It is one of six species of sea lions. Its natural habitat ranges from southeast Alaska to central Mexico, including the Gulf of C ...

, ''Zalophus californianus'' LR/lc vagrant **** Galápagos sea lion, ''Zalophus wollebaeki'' EN vagrant **Family: Phocidae (earless seals) ***Genus: ''

Neomonachus ''Neomonachus'' is a genus of earless seals, within the family Phocidae. It contains two species: the endangered Hawaiian monk seal, and the extinct Caribbean monk seal. Prior to 2014, all three species of monk seal Monk seals are earless ...

'' ****

Caribbean monk seal The Caribbean monk seal (''Neomonachus tropicalis''), also known as the West Indian seal or sea wolf, was a species of seal native to the Caribbean which is now believed to be extinct. The main predators of Caribbean monk seals were sharks and h ...

, ''Neomonachus tropicalis'' EX

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

---- The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and

grazing In agriculture, grazing is a method of animal husbandry whereby domestic livestock are allowed outdoors to roam around and consume wild vegetations in order to convert the otherwise indigestible (by human gut) cellulose within grass and other ...

mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe. *Family:

Tapiridae Tapirs ( ) are large, herbivorous mammals belonging to the family Tapiridae. They are similar in shape to a pig, with a short, prehensile nose trunk. Tapirs inhabit jungle and forest regions of South and Central America, with one species inhabi ...

(tapirs) **Genus: '' Tapirus'' ***

Baird's tapir The Baird's tapir (''Tapirus bairdii''), also known as the Central American tapir, is a species of tapir native to Mexico, Central America, and northwestern South America. It is the largest of the three species of tapir native to the Americas, as ...

, ''Tapirus bairdii'' EN

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

---- The even-toed ungulates are

ungulate Ungulates ( ) are members of the diverse clade Ungulata which primarily consists of large mammals with hooves. These include odd-toed ungulates such as horses, rhinoceroses, and tapirs; and even-toed ungulates such as cattle, pigs, giraffes, cam ...

s whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans. *Family: Tayassuidae (peccaries) **Genus: '' Dicotyles'' *** Collared peccary, ''D. tajacu'' LC **Genus: '' Tayassu'' ***

White-lipped peccary The white-lipped peccary (''Tayassu pecari'') is a species of peccary found in Central America, Central and South America and the only member of the genus ''Tayassu''. Multiple subspecies have been identified. White-lipped peccaries are similar ...

, ''Tayassu pecari'' NT *Family: Cervidae (deer) **Subfamily: Capreolinae ***Genus: '' Mazama'' ****

Red brocket The red brocket (''Mazama americana'') is a species of brocket deer from forests in South America, ranging from northern Argentina to Colombia and the Guianas. It also occurs on the Caribbean island of Trinidad (it also occurred on the island of ...

, ''Mazama temama'' DD ***Genus: ''

Odocoileus ''Odocoileus'' is a genus of medium-sized deer (family Cervidae) containing three species native to the Americas The Americas, which are sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North and South Am ...

'' ****

White-tailed deer The white-tailed deer (''Odocoileus virginianus''), also known as the whitetail or Virginia deer, is a medium-sized deer native to North America, Central America, and South America as far south as Peru and Bolivia. It has also been introduced t ...

, ''Odocoileus virginianus'' LR/lc

Notes

References

* * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Mammals Of Costa Rica

Mammals *

Subclass: Theria Theria (; Greek: , wild beast) is a subclass of mammals amongst the Theriiformes. Theria includes the eutherians (including the placental mammals) and the metatherians (including the marsupials) but excludes the egg-laying monotremes. Ch ...

Infraclass: Metatheria Metatheria is a mammalian clade that includes all mammals more closely related to marsupials than to placentals. First proposed by Thomas Henry Huxley in 1880, it is a more inclusive group than the marsupials; it contains all marsupials as well ...

Order: Didelphimorphia (common opossums)

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)

Order: Cingulata (armadillos)

Order: Pilosa (anteaters, sloths and tamanduas)

Order: Primate Primates are a diverse order of mammals. They are divided into the strepsirrhines, which include the lemurs, galagos, and lorisids, and the haplorhines, which include the tarsiers and the simians (monkeys and apes, the latter including huma ...s

Order: Rodent Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are na ...ia (rodents)

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

Order: Eulipotyphla (shrews, hedgehogs, moles, and solenodons)

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

Order: Cetacea Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Key characteristics are their fully aquatic lifestyle, streamlined body shape, often large size and exclusively carnivorous diet. They propel them ... (whales)

Order: Carnivora Carnivora is a Clade, monophyletic order of Placentalia, placental mammals consisting of the most recent common ancestor of all felidae, cat-like and canidae, dog-like animals, and all descendants of that ancestor. Members of this group are f ... (carnivorans)

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

See also

Notes

References

Subclass:
Theria Theria (; Greek: , wild beast) is a subclass of mammals amongst the Theriiformes. Theria includes the eutherians (including the placental mammals) and the metatherians (including the marsupials) but excludes the egg-laying monotremes. Ch ...

Infraclass:
Metatheria Metatheria is a mammalian clade that includes all mammals more closely related to marsupials than to placentals. First proposed by Thomas Henry Huxley in 1880, it is a more inclusive group than the marsupials; it contains all marsupials as well ...

Order:
Primate Primates are a diverse order of mammals. They are divided into the strepsirrhines, which include the lemurs, galagos, and lorisids, and the haplorhines, which include the tarsiers and the simians (monkeys and apes, the latter including huma ...
s

Order:
Rodent Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are na ...
ia (rodents)

Order:
Cetacea Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Key characteristics are their fully aquatic lifestyle, streamlined body shape, often large size and exclusively carnivorous diet. They propel them ...
(whales)

Order:
Carnivora Carnivora is a Clade, monophyletic order of Placentalia, placental mammals consisting of the most recent common ancestor of all felidae, cat-like and canidae, dog-like animals, and all descendants of that ancestor. Members of this group are f ...
(carnivorans)