Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

has the largest mammal diversity in the world, with more than 600 described

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

and more likely to be discovered. According to the

International Union for Conservation of Nature The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of nat ...

, 66 of these species are endangered, and 40% of the threatened

taxa In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular nam ...

belong to the

primate Primates are a diverse order of mammals. They are divided into the strepsirrhines, which include the lemurs, galagos, and lorisids, and the haplorhines, which include the tarsiers and the simians ( monkeys and apes, the latter including ...

group. 658 species are listed. The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the

: Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:

Infraclass:
Metatheria Metatheria is a mammalian clade that includes all mammals more closely related to marsupials than to placentals. First proposed by Thomas Henry Huxley in 1880, it is a more inclusive group than the marsupials; it contains all marsupials as wel ...

Order: Didelphimorphia

* Family: Caluromyidae ** Genus: '' Caluromys'' ***

Brown-eared woolly opossum The brown-eared woolly opossum (''Caluromys lanatus''), also known as the western woolly opossum, is an opossum from South America. It was first described by German naturalist Ignaz von Olfers in 1818. The opossum is characterized by a brown to ...

, ''C. lanatus'' LC ***

Bare-tailed woolly opossum The bare-tailed woolly opossum (''Caluromys philander'') is an opossum from South America. It was first described by Swedish zoologist Carl Linnaeus in 1758. The bare-tailed woolly opossum is characterized by a gray head, brown to gray coat, or ...

, ''C. philander'' LC * Family: Didelphidae ** Genus: ''

Caluromysiops The black-shouldered opossum (''Caluromysiops irrupta''), also known as the white-eared opossum, is an opossum known from western Brazil and southeastern Peru. It was first described by Colin Campbell Sanborn, curator of Field Museum of Natural ...

'' ***

Black-shouldered opossum The black-shouldered opossum (''Caluromysiops irrupta''), also known as the white-eared opossum, is an opossum known from western Brazil and southeastern Peru. It was first described by Colin Campbell Sanborn, curator of Field Museum of Natur ...

, ''Caluromysiops irrupta'' LC ** Genus: ''

Glironia The bushy-tailed opossum (''Glironia venusta'') is an opossum from South America. It was first described by English zoologist Oldfield Thomas in 1912. It is a medium-sized opossum characterized by a large, oval, dark ears, fawn to cinnamon coat ...

'' *** Bushy-tailed opossum, ''Glironia venusta'' LC ** Genus: ''

Chironectes The water opossum (''Chironectes minimus''), also locally known as the yapok (), is a marsupial of the family Didelphidae.* It is the only living member of its genus, ''Chironectes''. This semiaquatic creature is found in and near freshwater ...

'' ***

Water opossum The water opossum (''Chironectes minimus''), also locally known as the yapok (), is a marsupial of the family Didelphidae.* It is the only living member of its genus, ''Chironectes''. This semiaquatic creature is found in and near freshwater ...

, ''Chironectes minimus'' LC ** Genus: ''

Didelphis ''Didelphis'' is a genus of New World marsupials. The six species in the genus ''Didelphis'', commonly known as Large American opossums, are members of the ''opossum'' order, Didelphimorphia. The genus ''Didelphis'' is composed of cat-sized om ...

'' ***

White-eared opossum The white-eared opossum (''Didelphis albiventris''), known as the timbu in Brazil and comadreja overa in Argentina, is an opossum species found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. It is a terrestrial and, sometimes, arboreal a ...

, ''Didelphis albiventris'' LC ***

Big-eared opossum The big-eared opossum (''Didelphis aurita'') also known as a saruê is an opossum species from South America. It is found in Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay. This species, which was considered a population of the common opossum The common ...

, ''Didelphis aurita'' LC ***

Guianan white-eared opossum The Guianan white-eared opossum (''Didelphis imperfecta'') is an opossum species from South America. It is found in Brazil, Suriname, French Guiana and Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link ...

, ''Didelphis imperfecta'' LC ** Genus: ''

Lutreolina ''Lutreolina'' is a genus of opossum found in South America. Both extant species in this genus are known as lutrine opossums. They have an otter-like body plan and occasionally semiaquatic tendencies, hence the genus name ''Lutreolina'', which is ...

'' ***

Big lutrine opossum The big lutrine opossum (''Lutreolina crassicaudata''), also known as the little water opossum, comadreja colorada, thick-tailed opossum, or coligrueso is an opossum species from South America in the genus ''Lutreolina''. Description The big ...

, ''Lutreolina crassicaudata'' LC ** Genus: '' Philander'' ***

Anderson's four-eyed opossum Anderson's four-eyed opossum (''Philander andersoni'') is an opossum species from South America. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. Its dorsal fur is dark, with a black stripe, about 3–4 cm wide, going vertical ...

, ''Philander andersoni'' LC ***

Southeastern four-eyed opossum The southeastern four-eyed opossum (''Philander frenatus'') is an opossum species native to South America. It is found in Atlantic Forest ecoregions, in Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina. Description It is a large dark gray opossum. Dorsum (biolo ...

, ''Philander frenatus'' LC *** McIlhenny's four-eyed opossum, ''Philander mcilhennyi'' LC ***

Gray four-eyed opossum The gray four-eyed opossum (''Philander opossum'') is an opossum species from Central and South America, ranging from southern Mexico to Peru, Bolivia and southwestern Brazil, at altitudes from sea level to 1600 m, but generally below . Its hab ...

, ''Philander opossum'' LC ** Genus: ''

Gracilinanus ''Gracilinanus'' is a genus of opossum in the family Didelphidae. It was separated from the genus ''Marmosa The 27 species in the genus ''Marmosa'' are relatively small Neotropical members of the family Didelphidae. This genus is one of t ...

'' ***

Agile gracile opossum The agile gracile opossum (''Gracilinanus agilis''), is an opossum species from South America. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Paraguay, and Uruguay. It is nocturnal, arboreal and frequents the forest understory, ...

, ''Gracilinanus agilis'' LC *** Emilia's gracile opossum, ''Gracilinanus emiliae'' DD *** Brazilian gracile opossum, ''Gracilinanus microtarsus'' LC ** Genus: ''

Marmosa The 27 species in the genus ''Marmosa'' are relatively small Neotropical members of the family Didelphidae. This genus is one of three that are known as mouse opossums. The others are '' Thylamys'' (the "fat-tailed mouse opossums") and '' Tlacua ...

'' ***

White-bellied woolly mouse opossum The white-bellied woolly mouse opossum (''Marmosa constantiae'') is a small pouchless marsupial of the family Didelphidae. It was formerly assigned to the genus '' Micoureus'', which was made a subgenus of ''Marmosa'' in 2009. The specific epith ...

, ''Marmosa constantiae'' LC ***

Woolly mouse opossum The woolly mouse opossum or long-furred woolly mouse opossum (''Marmosa demerarae''), known locally as the ''cuíca'', is a South American marsupial of the family Didelphidae. Its range includes central Colombia, Venezuela, French Guiana, Guyana ...

, ''Marmosa demerarae'' LC *** Rufous mouse opossum, ''Marmosa lepida'' LC ***

Linnaeus's mouse opossum Linnaeus's mouse opossum (''Marmosa murina''), also known as the common or murine mouse opossum, is a South American marsupial of the family Didelphidae. Range and habitat Its range includes Colombia, Mexico, Venezuela, Trinidad and Tobago, ...

, ''Marmosa murina'' LC *** Tate's woolly mouse opossum, ''Marmosa paraguayana'' LC ***

Bare-tailed woolly mouse opossum The bare-tailed woolly mouse opossum (''Marmosa regina'') or short-furred woolly mouse opossum is a South American marsupial of the family Didelphidae. Its range includes Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. It is found in tropical rain ...

, ''Marmosa regina'' LC ** Genus: ''

Marmosops ''Marmosops'' is a genus of Neotropical opossums of the family Didelphidae. The genus was originally treated as a subgenus from the genus ''Marmosa'' rather than having their own classification. This was changed in 1989 by Gardner and Crieghto ...

'' ***

Tschudi's slender opossum Tschudi's slender opossum (''Marmosops impavidus'') is an opossum species from South America, named after Swiss naturalist Johann Jakob von Tschudi. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru and Venezuela Venezu ...

, ''Marmosops impavidus'' LC ***

Gray slender opossum The gray slender opossum (''Marmosops incanus''), is an opossum species In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often ...

, ''Marmosops incanus'' LC *** Neblina slender opossum, ''Marmosops neblina'' LC *** White-bellied slender mouse opossum, ''Marmosops noctivagus'' LC *** Delicate slender opossum, ''Marmosops parvidens'' LC *** Brazilian slender opossum, ''Marmosops paulensis'' LC *** Pinheiro's slender opossum, ''Marmosops pinheiroi'' LC ** Genus: '' Metachirus'' ***

Brown four-eyed opossum The brown four-eyed opossum (''Metachirus nudicaudatus'') is a pouchless marsupial of the family Didelphidae. It is found in different forested habitats of Central and South America, from Nicaragua to Brazil and northern Argentina, including s ...

, ''Metachirus nudicaudatus'' LC ** Genus: ''

Monodelphis ''Monodelphis'' is a genus of marsupials in the family Didelphidae, commonly referred to as short-tailed opossums. They are found throughout South America. , the most recently described species is ''M. vossi''. Species * Sepia short-tailed ...

'' ***

Northern three-striped opossum The northern three-striped opossum (''Monodelphis americana'') is an opossum species from South America. It is endemic to Atlantic Forest ecoregions of coastal Brazil. References

Opossums Endemic fauna of Brazil Fauna of the Atlantic ...

, ''Monodelphis americana'' LC ***

Northern red-sided opossum The northern red-sided opossum or the Guianan short-tailed opossum, ''Monodelphis brevicaudata'', is an opossum species from South America. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil. French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela. Characteristics Body leng ...

, ''Monodelphis brevicaudata'' LC ***

Yellow-sided opossum The yellow-sided opossum (''Monodelphis dimidiata'') is an opossum species from South America. It is found in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay. They have grey or black fur on their dorsal side with yellowish fur on the lateral side that continues d ...

, ''Monodelphis dimidiata'' LC ***

Gray short-tailed opossum The gray short-tailed opossum (''Monodelphis domestica'') is a small South American member of the family Didelphidae. Unlike most other marsupials, the gray short-tailed opossum does not have a true pouch. The scientific name ''Monodelphis'' is ...

, ''Monodelphis domestica'' LC *** Emilia's short-tailed opossum, ''Monodelphis emiliae'' LC ***

Ihering's three-striped opossum Ihering's three-striped opossum (''Monodelphis iheringi''), is an opossum species found in Argentina and Brazil. References

Opossums Marsupials of South America Mammals of Brazil Mammals of Argentina Mammals described in 1888 Taxa named ...

, ''Monodelphis iheringi'' DD *** Pygmy short-tailed opossum, ''Monodelphis kunsi'' LC *** Marajó short-tailed opossum, ''Monodelphis maraxina'' DD *** Chestnut-striped opossum, ''Monodelphis rubida'' DD ***

Long-nosed short-tailed opossum The long-nosed short-tailed opossum (''Monodelphis scalops''), is an opossum species in Argentina and Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South Americ ...

, ''Monodelphis scalops'' LC *** Southern red-sided opossum, ''Monodelphis sorex'' LC ***

Southern three-striped opossum The southern three-striped opossum (''Monodelphis theresa'') is an opossum species from South America. It is found in the Atlantic Forest region of Brazil. References Opossums Endemic fauna of Brazil Fauna of the Atlantic Forest Marsupials ...

, ''Monodelphis theresa'' DD *** Red three-striped opossum, ''Monodelphis umbristriata'' VU ***

One-striped opossum The one-striped opossum (''Monodelphis unistriata'') is a possibly extinct opossum species from South America. It is known only from two specimens found in Brazil in 1821 and Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( e ...

, ''Monodelphis unistriata'' CR ** Genus: ''

Thylamys ''Thylamys'' is a genus of opossums in the family Didelphidae. The premaxillae are rounded rather than pointed. The females lack a pouch. The females' nipples are arranged in two symmetrical rows on the abdomen. All species but ''T. macrurus'' ...

'' ***

Dwarf fat-tailed mouse opossum The dwarf fat-tailed mouse opossum (''Thylamys velutinus''), also known as the velvety fat-tailed opossum is an opossum species from South America. It is endemic to Brazil, where it is found in cerrado and caatinga habitats. Its head-and-body len ...

, ''Thylamys velutinus'' LC

Infraclass:
Eutheria Eutheria (; from Greek , 'good, right' and , 'beast'; ) is the clade consisting of all therian mammals that are more closely related to placentals than to marsupials. Eutherians are distinguished from noneutherians by various phenotypic tra ...

Order:
Pilosa The order Pilosa is a clade of xenarthran placental mammals, native to the Americas. It includes the anteaters and sloths (which includes the extinct ground sloths). The name comes from the Latin word for "hairy". Origins and taxonomy The bi ...

* Family: Bradypodidae ** Genus: '' Bradypus'' ***

Maned sloth The maned sloth (''Bradypus torquatus'') is a three-toed sloth that is native to South America. It is one of four species of three-toed sloths belonging to the suborder Xenarthra and are placental mammals. They are endemic to the Atlantic coast ...

, ''Bradypus torquatus'' VU ***

Pale-throated sloth The pale-throated sloth (''Bradypus tridactylus''), occasionally known as the ai (), is a species of three-toed sloth that inhabits tropical rainforests in northern South America. It is similar in appearance to, and often confused with, the bro ...

, ''Bradypus tridactylus'' LC ***

Brown-throated sloth The brown-throated sloth (''Bradypus variegatus'') is a species of three-toed sloth found in the Neotropical realm of Central and South America. It is the most common of the four species of three-toed sloth, and is found in the forests of South ...

, ''Bradypus variegatus'' LC * Family: Choloepodidae ** Genus: '' Choloepus'' *** Linnaeus's two-toed sloth, ''Choloepus didactylus'' LC ***

Hoffmann's two-toed sloth Hoffmann's two-toed sloth (''Choloepus hoffmanni''), also known as the northern two-toed sloth is a species of sloth from Central and South America. It is a solitary, largely nocturnal and arboreal animal, found in mature and secondary rainf ...

, ''Choloepus hoffmanni'' LC * Family

Cyclopedidae The Cyclopedidae is a family of anteaters that includes the silky anteater The silky anteater, also known as the pygmy anteater, has traditionally been considered a single species of anteater, ''Cyclopes didactylus'', in the genus ''Cyclopes ...

** Genus: ''

Cyclopes In Greek mythology and later Roman mythology, the Cyclopes ( ; el, Κύκλωπες, ''Kýklōpes'', "Circle-eyes" or "Round-eyes"; singular Cyclops ; , ''Kýklōps'') are giant one-eyed creatures. Three groups of Cyclopes can be distinguish ...

'' ***

Silky anteater The silky anteater, also known as the pygmy anteater, has traditionally been considered a single species of anteater, ''Cyclopes didactylus'', in the genus ''Cyclopes'', the only living genus in the family Cyclopedidae. Found in southern Mexico ...

, ''Cyclopes didactylus'' LC * Family:

Myrmecophagidae The Myrmecophagidae are a family of anteaters, the name being derived from the Ancient Greek words for 'ant' and 'eat' (''myrmeco-'' and '). Two genera and three species are in the family, consisting of the giant anteater, and the tamanduas. T ...

** Genus: ''

Myrmecophaga The giant anteater (''Myrmecophaga tridactyla'') is an insectivorous mammal native to Central and South America. It is one of four living species of anteaters, of which it is the largest member. The only extant member of the genus ''Myrmecophag ...

'' ***

Giant anteater The giant anteater (''Myrmecophaga tridactyla'') is an insectivorous mammal native to Central and South America. It is one of four living species of anteaters, of which it is the largest member. The only extant member of the genus ''Myrmecophag ...

, ''Myrmecophaga tridactyla'' VU ** Genus: ''

Tamandua ''Tamandua'' is a genus of anteaters with two species: the southern tamandua (''T. tetradactyla'') and the northern tamandua (''T. mexicana''). They live in forests and grasslands, are semiarboreal, and possess partially prehensile tails. They m ...

'' ***

Southern tamandua The southern tamandua (''Tamandua tetradactyla''), also called the collared anteater or lesser anteater, is a species of anteater from South America and the island of Trinidad in the Caribbean. It is a solitary animal found in many habitats, fro ...

, ''Tamandua tetradactyla'' LC

Order:
Cingulata Cingulata, part of the superorder Xenarthra, is an order of armored New World placental mammals. Dasypodids and chlamyphorids, the armadillos, are the only surviving families in the order. Two groups of cingulates much larger than extant ar ...

* Family:

Dasypodidae Dasypodidae is a family of mostly extinct genera of armadillos. One genus, ''Dasypus'', is extant, with at least seven living species. __TOC__ Classification Below is a taxonomy of armadillos in this family. Family Dasypodidae *† Genus ...

** Genus: ''

Cabassous ''Cabassous'' is a genus of South and Central American armadillos. The name is the Latinised form of the Kalini word for "armadillo". Cladogram of living ''Cabassous'' The genus contains the following four species In biology, a specie ...

'' *** Greater naked-tailed armadillo, ''Cabassous tatouay'' LC *** Southern naked-tailed armadillo, ''Cabassous unicinctus'' LC ** Genus: '' Dasypus'' *** Southern long-nosed armadillo, ''Dasypus hybridus'' NT ***

Great long-nosed armadillo The greater long-nosed armadillo (''Dasypus kappleri'') is a South American species of armadillo found in Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil. It is a solitary, nocturnal, terrestrial animal tha ...

, ''Dasypus kappleri'' LC ***

Nine-banded armadillo The nine-banded armadillo (''Dasypus novemcinctus''), also known as the nine-banded long-nosed armadillo or common long-nosed armadillo, is a mammal found in North, Central, and South America, making it the most widespread of the armadillos. ...

, ''Dasypus novemcinctus'' LC ***

Seven-banded armadillo The seven-banded armadillo (''Dasypus septemcinctus''), also known as the Brazilian lesser long-nosed armadillo, is a species of armadillo from South America found in Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia and Brazil. It is a solitary nocturnal, terrest ...

, ''Dasypus septemcinctus'' LC ** Genus: '' Euphractus'' ***

Six-banded armadillo The six-banded armadillo (''Euphractus sexcinctus''), also known as the yellow armadillo, is an armadillo found in South America. The sole extant member of its genus, it was first described by Swedish zoologist Carl Linnaeus in 1758. The six-b ...

, ''Euphractus sexcinctus'' LC ** Genus: ''

Priodontes The giant armadillo (''Priodontes maximus''), colloquially ''tatu-canastra'', ''tatou'', ''ocarro'' or ''tatú carreta'', is the largest living species of armadillo (although their extinct relatives, the glyptodonts, were much larger). It live ...

'' *** Giant armadillo, ''Priodontes maximus'' VU ** Genus: ''

Tolypeutes The genus ''Tolypeutes'' contains the two species of three-banded armadillos. They are restricted to open and semi-open habitats in South America. Of the several armadillo genera, only ''Tolypeutes'' rely heavily on their armor for protection. ...

'' ***

Southern three-banded armadillo The southern three-banded armadillo (''Tolypeutes matacus''), also known as La Plata three-banded armadillo or Azara's domed armadillo, is an armadillo species from South America. It is found in parts of southwestern Brazil, northern Argentina, ...

, ''Tolypeutes matacus'' NT *** Brazilian three-banded armadillo, ''Tolypeutes tricinctus'' VU

Order:
Chiroptera Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more agile in flight than most bir ...

* Family:

Emballonuridae Emballonuridae is a family of microbats, many of which are referred to as sac-winged or sheath-tailed bats. They are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. The earliest fossil records are from the Eocene. Descr ...

** Genus: ''

Centronycteris ''Centronycteris'' is a genus of sac-winged bat Emballonuridae is a family of microbats, many of which are referred to as sac-winged or sheath-tailed bats. They are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. The ...

'' ***

Shaggy bat The shaggy bat (''Centronycteris maximiliani'') is a bat species from northern South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in t ...

, ''Centronycteris maximiliani'' LR/lc ** Genus: ''

Cormura The chestnut sac-winged bat, or Wagner's sac-winged bat (''Cormura brevirostris'') is a species of sac-winged bat native to South and Central America. It is monotypic taxon, the only species within its genus. Description The chestnut sac-winged ...

'' *** Chestnut sac-winged bat, ''Cormura brevirostris'' LC ** Genus: '' Cyttarops'' *** Short-eared bat, ''Cyttarops alecto'' LC ** Genus: ''

Diclidurus ''Diclidurus'' is a genus of bats whose common name is the ghost bats (not to be confused with the Australia ''Macroderma gigas''). ''Diclidurus'' all inhabit tropical South America, and ''D. albus'' is also found in Mexico and Central America.E ...

'' *** Northern ghost bat, ''Diclidurus albus'' LR/lc ***

Greater ghost bat The greater ghost bat (''Diclidurus ingens'') is a bat species found in northwestern Brazil, southeastern Colombia, Guyana, Peru, and Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bol ...

, ''Diclidurus ingens'' DD ***

Isabelle's ghost bat Isabelle's ghost bat (''Diclidurus isabella'') is a bat species found in northwestern Brazil, Guyana, and Venezuela, and possibly Colombia. It was discovered in October 1916 by Emilie Snethlage, and described by Oldfield Thomas Michael R ...

, ''Diclidurus isabella'' LC ***

Lesser ghost bat The lesser ghost bat (''Diclidurus scutatus'') is a bat species found in South America. It is one of six bat species worldwide to have white fur. Taxonomy and etymology It was described by Wilhelm Peters in 1869 based on a specimen sent to the ...

, ''Diclidurus scutatus'' LC ** Genus: '' Peropteryx'' *** Greater dog-like bat, ''Peropteryx kappleri'' LR/lc *** White-winged dog-like bat, ''Peropteryx leucoptera'' LC *** Lesser dog-like bat, ''Peropteryx macrotis'' LR/lc *** Pale-winged dog-like bat, ''Peropteryx pallidoptera'' ** Genus: '' Rhynchonycteris'' ***

Proboscis bat The proboscis bat (''Rhynchonycteris naso'') is a species of bat found in South America and Central America. Other common names include Long-nosed proboscis bat, sharp-nosed bat, Brazilian long-nosed bat. and river bat It is the only species i ...

, ''Rhynchonycteris naso'' LR/lc ** Genus: ''

Saccopteryx ''Saccopteryx'' is a genus of sac-winged bats from Central and South America. The species within this genus are: * Antioquian sac-winged bat ''Saccopteryx antioquensis'' *Greater sac-winged bat The greater sac-winged bat (''Saccopteryx bili ...

'' ***

Greater sac-winged bat The greater sac-winged bat (''Saccopteryx bilineata'') is a bat of the family Emballonuridae native to Central and South America. They are the most common bats seen in the rainforest, as they often roost on the outside of large trees. They are ...

, ''Saccopteryx bilineata'' LC *** Frosted sac-winged bat, ''Saccopteryx canescens'' LC *** Amazonian sac-winged bat, ''Saccopteryx gymnura'' DD *** Lesser sac-winged bat, ''Saccopteryx leptura'' LC * Family: Phyllostomidae ** Subfamily: Desmodontinae *** Genus: '' Desmodus'' ****

Common vampire bat The common vampire bat (''Desmodus rotundus'') is a small, leaf-nosed bat native to Latin America. It is one of three extant species of vampire bat, the other two being the hairy-legged and the white-winged vampire bats. The common vampire bat ...

, ''Desmodus rotundus'' LC *** Genus: ''

Diaemus The white-winged vampire bat (''Diaemus youngi''), a species of vampire bat, is the only member of the genus ''Diaemus''. They are found from Mexico to northern Argentina and are present on the islands of Trinidad and Margarita. Etymology and ...

'' **** White-winged vampire bat, ''Diaemus youngii'' LC *** Genus: ''

Diphylla The hairy-legged vampire bat (''Diphylla ecaudata'') is one of three extant species of vampire bats. It mainly feeds on the blood of wild birds, but can also feed both on domestic birds and humans. This vampire bat lives mainly in tropical and su ...

'' ****

Hairy-legged vampire bat The hairy-legged vampire bat (''Diphylla ecaudata'') is one of three extant species of vampire bats. It mainly feeds on the blood of wild birds, but can also feed both on domestic birds and humans. This vampire bat lives mainly in tropical and ...

, ''Diphylla ecaudata'' LC ** Subfamily: Glossophaginae *** Genus: '' Anoura'' **** Tailed tailless bat, ''Anoura caudifer'' LC **** Geoffroy's tailless bat, ''Anoura geoffroyi'' LC *** Genus: '' Choeroniscus'' ****

Minor long-nosed long-tongued bat The lesser long-tongued bat (''Choeroniscus minor''), also called the lesser long-tailed bat, is a bat species from South America. Description Relatively small among bats, members of this species have a total length of , a forearm around long, ...

, ''Choeroniscus minor'' LC *** Genus: ''

Glossophaga ''Glossophaga'' (long-tongued bat) is a genus of bats in the leaf-nosed bat family, Phyllostomidae. Members of the genus are native to the American Neotropics. Species *''G. antillarum'' (Rehn, 1902): Jamaican long-tongued bat, Jamaica. *''G ...

'' ****

Commissaris's long-tongued bat Commissaris's long-tongued bat (''Glossophaga commissarisi'') is a bat species from South and Central America. Description The bat's length ranges from 43 to 65 mm, has a wingspan of 32 to 42 mm, and weighs on average 9.3 to 9.5 grams ...

, ''Glossophaga commissarisi'' LR/lc **** Miller's long-tongued bat, ''Glossophaga longirostris'' DD ****

Pallas's long-tongued bat Pallas's long-tongued bat (''Glossophaga soricina'') is a South and Central American bat with a fast metabolism that feeds on nectar. Metabolism It has the fastest metabolism ever recorded in a mammal, similar to those of hummingbirds. Althou ...

, ''Glossophaga soricina'' LR/lc *** Genus: '' Hsunycteris'' ****

Thomas's nectar bat Thomas's nectar bat (''Lonchophylla thomasi'') is a bat species from South and Central America. Thomas's nectar bat pollinates the vine ''Marcgravia ''Marcgravia'' is a genus of plants in the Marcgraviaceae family commonly eaten by the dwarf l ...

, ''Hsunycteris thomasi'' LC *** Genus: '' Lichonycteris'' **** Dark long-tongued bat, ''Lichonycteris degener'' LR/lc *** Genus: '' Lionycteris'' ****

Chestnut long-tongued bat The chestnut long-tongued bat (''Lionycteris spurrelli'') is a bat species from South and Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United St ...

, ''Lionycteris spurrelli'' LC *** Genus: '' Lonchophylla'' **** Bokermann's nectar bat, ''Lonchophylla bokermanni'' DD **** Dekeyser's nectar bat, ''Lonchophylla dekeyseri'' NT **** Lonchophylla inexpectata, ''Lonchophylla inexpectata'' **** Godman's nectar bat, ''Lonchophylla mordax'' LC **** Peracchi's nectar bat, ''Lonchophylla peracchii'' *** Genus: '' Scleronycteris'' **** Ega long-tongued bat, ''Scleronycteris ega'' LC ** Subfamily:

Carolliinae Carolliinae is a subfamily of bats. Classification Subfamily Carolliinae *Genus: ''Carollia'' - Short-tailed Leaf-nosed Bats ** Benkeith's short-tailed Bat, ''Carollia benkeithi'' ** Silky Short-tailed Bat, ''Carollia brevicauda'' ** Chestnut S ...

** Genus: ''

Rhinophylla ''Rhinophylla'' is a genus of South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the ...

'' *** Fischer's little fruit bat, ''Rhinophylla fischerae'' LC ***

Dwarf little fruit bat The dwarf little fruit bat (''Rhinophylla pumilio'') is a species of leaf-nosed bat from South America. Description As its name implies, the dwarf little fruit bat is a relatively small bat. Adults are just in head-body length, and weigh only ...

, ''Rhinophylla pumilio'' LC ** Genus: ''

Carollia ''Carollia'' is a genus of bats often referred to as the short-tailed fruit bats. Along with the genus ''Rhinophylla'', ''Carollia'' makes up the subfamily Carolliinae of family Phyllostomidae, the leaf-nosed bats. Currently, nine species of ...

'' *** Benkeith's short-tailed bat, ''Carollia benkeithi'' ***

Silky short-tailed bat The silky short-tailed bat (''Carollia brevicauda'') is a bat species found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Mexico and Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic ...

, ''Carollia brevicauda'' LR/lc ***

Seba's short-tailed bat Seba's short-tailed bat (''Carollia perspicillata'') is a common and widespread bat species in the family Phyllostomidae. They are found in Central America, the northern parts of South America, and in the Antilles islands. Description ''C. pe ...

, ''Carollia perspicillata'' LR/lc ***

Little white-shouldered bat The little white-shouldered bat (''Ametrida centurio'') is a species of bat from South and Central America. It is the only species within its genus, the name of which translates as "reaper" or "destroyer". Description The little white-shouldere ...

, ''Ametrida centurio'' LC ** Subfamily: Phyllostominae *** Genus: ''

Chrotopterus The big-eared woolly bat or (Peters's) woolly false vampire bat (''Chrotopterus auritus'') is a species of bat, belonging to the family Phyllostomidae. The name ''Chrotopterus'' is derived from Greek roots ''ch''ariots (skin, color), and ''pter ...

'' **** Big-eared woolly bat, ''Chrotopterus auritus'' LR/lc *** Genus: '' Garnderycteris'' ****

Striped hairy-nosed bat The striped hairy-nosed bat (''Mimon crenulatum'') is a bat species found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, Repúb ...

, ''Gardnerycteris crenulatum'' LR/lc *** Genus: ''

Glyphonycteris ''Glyphonycteris'' is a genus of bat Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Ba ...

'' ****

Davies's big-eared bat Davies's big-eared bat or the graybeard bat (''Glyphonycteris daviesi'') is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is named after James (Jim) Noel Davies (B. 1936) who discovered it whilst on an expedition in British Guiana, South A ...

, ''Glyphonycteris daviesi'' DD ****

Tricolored big-eared bat The tricolored big-eared bat (''Glyphonycteris sylvestris'') is a bat species from South and Central America. Description Individuals weigh and have forearm lengths of . The fur on its back is long, woolly, and dark brown. Individual hairs ar ...

, ''Glyphonycteris sylvestris'' LC *** Genus: '' Lampronycteris'' **** Yellow-throated big-eared bat, ''Lampronycteris brachyotis'' LC *** Genus: ''

Lonchorhina ''Lonchorhina'' is a genus of Central and South American bat Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true ...

'' ****

Tomes's sword-nosed bat Tomes's sword-nosed bat (''Lonchorhina aurita''), also known as the common sword-nosed bat is a bat species from South and Central America. It is also found in the Bahamas, but is known from only one specimen collected on the island of New Provid ...

, ''Lonchorhina aurita'' LR/lc ****

Northern sword-nosed bat The northern sword-nosed bat (''Lonchorhina inusitata'') is a bat species found in Brazil, French Guiana, Suriname and Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Ven ...

, ''Lonchorhina inusitata'' DD *** Genus: ''

Lophostoma ''Lophostoma'' is a genus of Central and South American bats in the family Phyllostomidae. Species Genus ''Lophostoma'' * Pygmy round-eared bat, ''Lophostoma brasiliense'' * Carriker's round-eared bat, ''Lophostoma carrikeri'' * Davis's round ...

'' **** Pygmy round-eared bat, ''Lophostoma brasiliense'' LR/lc **** Carriker's round-eared bat, ''Lophostoma carrikeri'' LC **** Schultz's round-eared bat, ''Lophostoma schulzi'' LC ****

White-throated round-eared bat The white-throated round-eared bat (''Lophostoma silvicolum'') is a bat species found from Honduras to Bolivia, Paraguay and Brazil. It creates roosts inside the nests of the termite, ''Nasutitermes corniger''. It thrives on a mainly insect-base ...

, ''Lophostoma silvicola'' LC *** Genus: ''

Macrophyllum The long-legged bat (''Macrophyllum macrophyllum'') is a member of the Phyllostomidae family in the order Chiroptera. Both males and females of this species are generally small, with wingspans reaching 80mm with an average weight ranging betwee ...

'' **** Long-legged bat, ''Macrophyllum macrophyllum'' LC *** Genus: ''

Micronycteris ''Micronycteris'' is a genus of leaf-nosed bats. List of species Genus ''Micronycteris'' - little big-eared bats * Brosset's big-eared bat, ''Micronycteris brosseti ''Simmons & Voss, 1998 * '' Micronycteris buriri'' Larsen, Siles, Pedersen, & Kw ...

'' **** Brosset's big-eared bat, ''Micronycteris brosseti'' DD **** Hairy big-eared bat, ''Micronycteris hirsuta'' LC **** Little big-eared bat, ''Micronycteris megalotis'' LC **** Common big-eared bat, ''Micronycteris microtis'' LC ****

White-bellied big-eared bat The white-bellied big-eared bat (''Micronycteris minuta'') is a bat species from South and Central America, as well as Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago (, ), officially the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, is the southernmost islan ...

, ''Micronycteris minuta'' LC **** Sanborn's big-eared bat, ''Micronycteris sanborni'' DD **** Schmidts's big-eared bat, ''Micronycteris schmidtorum'' LR/lc *** Genus: ''

Mimon ''Mimon'' is a bat genus from South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the ...

'' ****

Golden bat The golden bat (''Mimon bennettii'') is a bat species found in Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Ve ...

, ''Mimon bennettii'' LC *** Genus: '' Neonycteris'' **** Least big-eared bat, ''Neonycteris pusilla'' VU *** Genus: ''

Phylloderma The pale-faced bat (''Phylloderma stenops'') is a bat species from South and Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States to the ...

'' **** Pale-faced bat, ''Phylloderma stenops'' LR/lc *** Genus: '' Phyllostomus'' **** Pale spear-nosed bat, ''Phyllostomus discolor'' LC **** Lesser spear-nosed bat, ''Phyllostomus elongatus'' LC **** Greater spear-nosed bat, ''Phyllostomus hastatus'' LC **** Guianan spear-nosed bat, ''Phyllostomus latifolius'' LC *** Genus: ''

Tonatia ''Tonatia'' is a small genus of South and Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States to the north, Colombia to the south, the ...

'' ****

Greater round-eared bat The greater round-eared bat (''Tonatia bidens'') is a bat species found in northeastern and southern Brazil, northern Argentina, Paraguay and Bolivia. The species feeds on fruit as well as hunting small bird Birds are a group of warm- ...

, ''Tonatia bidens'' DD **** Stripe-headed round-eared bat, ''Tonatia saurophila'' LR/lc *** Genus: ''

Trachops The fringe-lipped bat (''Trachops cirrhosus'') is a leaf-nosed bat from southern Mexico to Bolivia and southern Brazil. It has three subspecies and no known fossils. It is the only species within its genus. Morphology The fringe-lipped bat has ...

'' **** Fringe-lipped bat, ''Trachops cirrhosus'' LC *** Genus: '' Trinycteris'' **** Niceforo's big-eared bat, ''Trinycteris nicefori'' LC *** Genus: ''

Vampyrum The spectral bat (''Vampyrum spectrum''), also called the great false vampire bat or Linnaeus's false vampire bat, is a large, carnivorous leaf-nosed bat found in Mexico, Central America, and South America. It is the only member of the genus '' ...

'' ****

Spectral bat The spectral bat (''Vampyrum spectrum''), also called the great false vampire bat or Linnaeus's false vampire bat, is a large, carnivorous leaf-nosed bat found in Mexico, Central America, and South America. It is the only member of the genus '' ...

, ''Vampyrum spectrum'' LR/nt ** Subfamily: Stenodermatinae *** Genus: ''

Artibeus The Neotropical fruit bats (''Artibeus'') are a genus of bats within the subfamily Stenodermatinae. The genus consists of 12 species, which are native to Central and South America, as well as parts of the Caribbean. Description These bats grow t ...

'' ****

Brown fruit-eating bat The brown fruit-eating bat (''Artibeus concolor'') is a bat species found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, Re ...

, ''Artibeus concolor'' LC ****

Fringed fruit-eating bat The fringed fruit-eating bat (''Artibeus fimbriatus''), is a species of bat Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals ...

, ''Artibeus fimbriatus'' LC ****

Great fruit-eating bat The great fruit-eating bat (''Artibeus lituratus'') is a bat species found from Mexico to Brazil and Argentina, as well as in Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Grenada, Martinique, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Trinidad and To ...

, ''Artibeus lituratus'' LC **** Dark fruit-eating bat, ''Artibeus obscurus'' LC ****

Flat-faced fruit-eating bat The flat-faced fruit-eating bat (''Artibeus planirostris'') is a South American species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is sometimes considered a subspecies of the Jamaican fruit bat, but can be distinguished by its larger size, the pre ...

, ''Artibeus planirostris'' LR/lc *** Genus: ''

Chiroderma ''Chiroderma'' – big-eyed bats or white-lined bats – is a genus of leaf-nosed bat found in North America, Central America, and South America and the Lesser Antilles. Species The following species were recognized , and a total of seven specie ...

'' ****

Brazilian big-eyed bat The Brazilian big-eyed bat (''Chiroderma doriae'') is a species of phyllostomid bat from South America. The scientific name honours Italian naturalist Giacomo Doria. Description The Brazilian big-eyed bat is small, with a total length of , and ...

, ''Chiroderma doriae'' LC ****

Salvin's big-eyed bat Salvin's big-eyed bat (''Chiroderma salvini'') is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela Venezuela (; ) ...

, ''Chiroderma salvini'' LR/lc ****

Little big-eyed bat The little big-eyed bat (''Chiroderma trinitatum'') is a bat species from South and Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States to ...

, ''Chiroderma trinitatum'' LC ****

Hairy big-eyed bat The hairy big-eyed bat (''Chiroderma villosum'') is a bat species from South and Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States to t ...

, ''Chiroderma villosum'' LR/lc ****

Vizotto's big-eyed bat ''Chiroderma vizottoi'' is a species of frugivorous bat found in the northeast of Brazil. Taxonomy The species was described by Valdir Antonio Taddei and B. K. Lim in a study published in 2010, identifying specimens previously deposited at a ...

, ''Chiroderma vizottoi'' LR/lc *** Genus: ''

Dermanura ''Dermanura'' is a genus of leaf-nosed bats. Genus ''Dermanura'' * Andersen's fruit-eating bat, ''Dermanura anderseni''The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2017-1. . Downloaded on 19 August 2017 * Aztec fruit-eating bat, ''Dermanura ...

'' **** Andersen's fruit-eating bat, ''Dermanura anderseni'' LC ****

Bogota fruit-eating bat The Bogota fruit-eating bat (''Dermanura bogotensis'') is a species of bat found in South America. Taxonomy and etymology This bat was described in 1906 by Danish mammalogist Knud Andersen. He described it as a subspecies of the Gervais's fruit ...

, ''Dermanura bogotensis'' ****

Gervais's fruit-eating bat Gervais's fruit-eating bat (''Dermanura cinerea'') is a bat species found in Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, eastern Peru, Suriname and eastern Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, Repú ...

, ''Dermanura cinerea'' LC **** Gnome fruit-eating bat, ''Artibeus gnoma'' LC *** Genus: '' Mesophylla'' ****

MacConnell's bat MacConnell's bat (''Mesophylla macconnelli''), is a bat species from South and Central America. It is the only species within the genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil or ...

, ''Mesophylla macconnelli'' LC *** Genus: ''

Platyrrhinus ''Platyrrhinus'' is a genus of leaf-nosed bats in the tribe Stenodermatini of family Phyllostomidae. Twenty one species are known: * Alberico's broad-nosed bat, ''Platyrrhinus albericoi'' *Slender broad-nosed bat, ''Platyrrhinus angustirostri ...

'' **** Slender broad-nosed bat, ''Platyrrhinus angustirostris'' ****

Eldorado broad-nosed bat The Eldorado broad-nosed bat (''Platyrrhinus aurarius'') is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Guyana, Suriname, northern Brazil, and southern Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Ve ...

, ''Platyrrhinus aurarius'' ****

Short-headed broad-nosed bat The short-headed broad-nosed bat (''Platyrrhinus brachycephalus'') is a bat species found in Bolivia , image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from t ...

, ''Platyrrhinus brachycephalus'' LC ****

Brown-bellied broad-nosed bat The brown-bellied broad-nosed bat (''Platyrrhinus fusciventris'') is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. As a phyllostomid bat, it is characterized by a narrow uropatagium which is fringed with hair; a white dorsal stripe; large inne ...

, ''Platyrrhinus fusciventris'' ****

Heller's broad-nosed bat Heller's broad-nosed bat (''Platyrrhinus helleri'') is a bat species from South and Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States t ...

, ''Platyrrhinus helleri'' LC **** Incan broad-nosed bat, ''Platyrrhinus incarum'' LC **** Buffy broad-nosed bat, ''Platyrrhinus infuscus'' LC **** White-lined broad-nosed bat, ''Platyrrhinus lineatus'' LC ****

Recife broad-nosed bat The Recife broad-nosed bat (''Platyrrhinus recifinus''), is a species of bat from South America. It is named for the city of Recife in Brazil, where it was first recorded by Oldfield Thomas in 1901. Previously considered "Vulnerable", the Recif ...

, ''Platyrrhinus recifinus'' LC *** Genus: '' Pygoderma'' ****

Ipanema bat The Ipanema bat (''Pygoderma bilabiatum'') is a bat species of order Chiroptera and family Phyllostomidae. It is found in northern Argentina, Bolivia, southeastern Brazil and Paraguay. It is the only species within its genus. Description The ...

, ''Pygoderma bilabiatum'' LC *** Genus: '' Sphaeronycteris'' ****

Visored bat The visored bat, (''Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum''), is a bat species from tropical South America. It is the only species in the genus ''Sphaeronycteris''. Although visored bats have some unique characteristics, they are thought to be most close ...

, ''Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum'' DD *** Genus: '' Sturnira'' **** Little yellow-shouldered bat, ''Sturnira lilium'' LR/lc **** Greater yellow-shouldered bat, ''Sturnira magna'' ****

Tilda's yellow-shouldered bat Tilda's yellow-shouldered bat (''Sturnira tildae'') is a bat species found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela, and Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago (, ), officially the Republic ...

, ''Sturnira tildae'' LC *** Genus: ''

Uroderma ''Uroderma'' is a genus of Central and South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern ...

'' ****

Tent-making bat The tent-making bat (''Uroderma bilobatum'') is an American leaf-nosed bat (Phyllostomidae) found in lowland forests of Central and South America. This medium-sized bat has a gray coat with a pale white stripe running down the middle of the back. ...

, ''Uroderma bilobatum'' LR/lc ****

Brown tent-making bat The brown tent-making bat (''Uroderma magnirostrum'') is a bat species from South and Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States ...

, ''Uroderma magnirostrum'' LR/lc *** Genus: ''

Vampyressa ''Vampyressa'' is a genus of bats in the family Phyllostomidae, the leaf-nosed bats. They are known commonly as the yellow-eared bats or yellow-eared vampire bats.Tavares, V., et al. (2014)Systematics of ''Vampyressa melissa'' Thomas, 1926 (Chi ...

'' ****

Southern little yellow-eared bat The southern little yellow-eared bat (''Vampyressa pusilla'') is a frugivorous bat species found in Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay Paraguay (; ), officially the Republic of Paraguay ( es, República del Paraguay, links=no; gn, Tavakuairet ...

, ''Vampyressa pusilla'' DD ****

Northern little yellow-eared bat The northern little yellow-eared bat (''Vampyressa thyone'') is a bat species found from southern Mexico to Bolivia, the Guianas and western Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is th ...

, ''Vampyressa thyone'' LC *** Genus: ''

Vampyriscus ''Vampyriscus'' (meaning: small vampire bat) is a genus of bats in the family Phyllostomidae, the leaf-nosed bats. There are three species previously included in the genus ''Vampyressa''. The two genera are differentiated by the morphology of ...

'' ****

Bidentate yellow-eared bat The bidentate yellow-eared bat (''Vampyriscus bidens'') is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae, native to South America. Formerly classified in the ''Vampyressa genus'', phylogenetic analyses support its inclusion in ''Vampyriscus''.H ...

, ''Vampyriscus bidens'' LC ****

Brock's yellow-eared bat Brock's yellow-eared bat (''Vampyriscus brocki'') is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae, the leaf-nosed bats. It is native to Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, and Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru. ...

, ''Vampyriscus brocki'' LC *** Genus: '' Vampyrodes'' **** Great stripe-faced bat, ''Vampyrodes caraccioli'' LC * Family:

Mormoopidae The family Mormoopidae contains bats known generally as mustached bats, ghost-faced bats, and naked-backed bats. They are found in the Americas from the Southwestern United States to Southeastern Brazil. They are distinguished by the presenc ...

** Genus: ''

Pteronotus ''Pteronotus'' is a genus of bat Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bat ...

'' *** Big naked-backed bat, ''Pteronotus gymnonotus'' LR/lc ***

Parnell's mustached bat Parnell's mustached bat (''Pteronotus parnellii'') is an insectivorous bat native to the Americas. It ranges from southern Sonora, Mexico, south to Brazil. It has a wider historical range; fossil specimens have been collected on the island of Ne ...

, ''Pteronotus parnellii'' LR/lc ***

Wagner's mustached bat Wagner's mustached bat (''Pteronotus personatus'') is a bat species from South and Central America. It is one of the few New World bats species known to perform Doppler shift compensation behavior. Description Wagner's mustached bat is a relati ...

, ''Pteronotus personatus'' LC * Family: Noctilionidae ** Genus: '' Noctilio'' *** Lesser bulldog bat, ''Noctilio albiventris'' LC ***

Greater bulldog bat The greater bulldog bat or fisherman bat (''Noctilio leporinus'') is a species of fishing bat native to Latin America (Spanish: ''murciélago pescador''; Portuguese: ''morcego-pescador''). The bat uses echolocation to detect water ripples made ...

, ''Noctilio leporinus'' LC * Family:

Furipteridae Furipteridae is family of bats, allying two genera of single species, '' Amorphochilus schnablii'' (smoky bat) and the type '' Furipterus horrens'' (thumbless bat). They are found in Central and South America and are closely related to the bats ...

** Genus: ''

Furipterus The thumbless bat (''Furipterus horrens'') is a species of insectivorous bat in the family Furipteridae, in the monotypic genus ''Furipterus''. They have a small thumb which is included in the membrane of the wing, causing the 'thumbless' appeara ...

'' ***

Thumbless bat The thumbless bat (''Furipterus horrens'') is a species of insectivorous bat in the family Furipteridae, in the monotypic genus ''Furipterus''. They have a small thumb which is included in the membrane of the wing, causing the 'thumbless' appeara ...

, ''Furipterus horrens'' LC * Family:

Thyropteridae Disk-winged bats are a small group of bats of the family Thyropteridae and genus Thyroptera. They are found in Central and South America, usually in moist tropical rain forests. It is a very small family, consisting of a single genus with five e ...

** Genus: '' Thyroptera'' ***

De Vivo's disk-winged bat De Vivo's disk-winged bat (''Thyroptera devivoi'') is a species of disc-winged bat found in South America. Taxonomy and etymology It was described as a new species in 2006, the fourth species to be described in the disc-winged bat genus and f ...

, ''Thyroptera devivoi'' ***

Peters's disk-winged bat Peters's disk-winged bat (''Thyroptera discifera'') is a bat species mainly found in South America, South and Central America. It belongs to the family Thyropteridae, a small group of disk-winged bats. They have a distinguishing feature of circul ...

, ''Thyroptera discifera'' LC ***

LaVal's disk-winged bat LaVal's disk-winged bat (''Thyroptera lavali'') is a species of bat in the family Thyropteridae. It is native to Ecuador, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela and Brazil where it has been found near streams in tropical rainforest. The bat is insectivorous ...

, ''Thyroptera lavali'' ***

Spix's disk-winged bat Spix’s disk-winged bat (''Thyroptera tricolor''), is a species of bat in the family Thyropteridae. It is native to the Americas from Mexico to Brazil. The most prominent anatomical feature of this bat, which distinguishes it from other species ...

, ''Thyroptera tricolor'' LC ***

Patricia's disk-winged bat Patricia's disk-winged bat (''Thyroptera wynneae'') is a species of disk-winged bat found in South America. Taxonomy and etymology It was described as a new species in 2014. The holotype was collected in 2012 in Peru. The eponym for the species ...

, ''Thyroptera wynneae'' * Family:

Natalidae The family Natalidae, or funnel-eared bats, are found from Mexico to Brazil and the Caribbean islands. The family has three genera, '' Chilonatalus'', '' Natalus'' and '' Nyctiellus''. They are slender bats with unusually long tails and, as th ...

** Genus: ''

Natalus The genus ''Natalus'' of funnel-eared bats is found from Mexico to Brazil and the Caribbean islands. They are slender bats with unusually long tails and, as their name suggests, funnel-shaped ears. They are small, at only 3.5 to 5.5 cm in l ...

'' *** Brazilian funnel-eared bat, ''Natalus macrourus'' LC * Family: Molossidae ** Genus: ''

Cynomops ''Cynomops'' is a genus of Central and South American dog-faced bats in the family Molossidae. It has sometimes been considered a subgenus of '' Molossops''. It contains the following species: * Cinnamon dog-faced bat (''C. abrasus'') * Free ...

'' *** Cinnamon dog-faced bat, ''Cynomops abrasus'' DD *** Greenhall's dog-faced bat, ''Cynomops greenhalli'' *** Miller's dog-faced bat, ''Cynomops milleri'' *** Para dog-faced bat, ''Cynomops paranus'' DD ***

Southern dog-faced bat The southern dog-faced bat (''Cynomops planirostris''), is a bat species of the family Molossidae. It is found in northern Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Peru, Paraguay, Suriname and Venezuela Vene ...

, ''Cynomops planirostris'' LC ** Genus: ''

Eumops ''Eumops'' (mastiff bats or bonneted bats) is a genus of bat Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true ...

'' ***

Black bonneted bat The black bonneted bat, also known as Shaw's mastiff bat, (''Eumops auripendulus''), is a species of bat from the Americas. Description The black-bonneted bat is a medium-sized bat, with adults weighing between . The head and back are covered in ...

, ''Eumops auripendulus'' LC *** Dwarf bonneted bat, ''Eumops bonariensis'' LC *** '' Eumops delticus'' *** Wagner's bonneted bat, ''Eumops glaucinus'' LC *** Sanborn's bonneted bat, ''Eumops hansae'' LC *** Guianan bonneted bat, ''Eumops maurus'' LC *** Patagonian bonneted bat, ''Eumops patagonicus'' LC *** Western bonneted bat, ''Eumops perotis'' LC *** Colombian bonneted bat, ''Eumops trumbulli'' LC ** Genus: '' Molossops'' *** Rufous dog-faced bat, ''Molossops neglectus'' DD *** Dwarf dog-faced bat, ''Molossops temminckii'' LC ** Genus: '' Molossus'' ***

Aztec mastiff bat The Aztec mastiff bat (''Molossus aztecus'') is a species of bat in the family Molossidae. It is insectivorous. Taxonomy and etymology It was described as a new species in 1860 by Swiss scientist Henri Saussure. Its species name "''aztecus'' ...

, ''Molossus aztecus'' *** Coiba mastiff bat, ''Molossus coibensis'' *** Bonda mastiff bat, ''Molossus currentium'' ***

Velvety free-tailed bat The velvety free-tailed bat or Pallas's mastiff bat (''Molossus molossus''), is a bat species in the family Molossidae. Description ''M. molossus'' is a medium-sized bat, with a length of and with a wingspan of . This species is brown in color ...

, ''Molossus molossus'' LC *** Miller's mastiff bat, ''Molossus pretiosus'' ***

Black mastiff bat The black mastiff bat (''Molossus rufus'') is a bat species. It ranges from the northern region of South America (excluding Chile), most of Central America (excluding Belize) and parts of southern Mexico. Taxonomy The black mastiff bat was speci ...

, ''Molossus rufus'' LC ** Genus: '' Neoplatymops'' ***

Mato Grosso dog-faced bat The Mato Grosso dog-faced bat (''Neoplatymops mattogrossensis''), is a bat species found in South America. It is the only species in the genus ''Neoplatymops''. Taxonomy and etymology It was described as a new species in 1942 by C. O. C. Viei ...

, ''Neoplatymops mattogrossensis'' LC ** Genus: '' Nyctinomops'' ***

Peale's free-tailed bat Peale's free-tailed bat (''Nyctinomops aurispinosus'') is a bat species from South and Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United State ...

, ''Nyctinomops aurispinosus'' LC ***

Broad-eared bat The broad-eared bat or broad-tailed bat (''Nyctinomops laticaudatus'') is a species of free-tailed bat from the Americas. Description The broad-eared bat is a relatively small bat, measuring about in total length, and weighing on average. The ...

, ''Nyctinomops laticaudatus'' LC *** Big free-tailed bat, ''Nyctinomops macrotis'' LC ** Genus: ''

Promops ''Promops'' is a genus of free-tailed bats. Species * ''Promops centralis'' - big crested mastiff bat * ''Promops davisoni'' * ''Promops nasutus'' - brown mastiff bat References

Promops, Molossidae Bat genera Taxa named by Paul Gervai ...

'' *** Big crested mastiff bat, ''Promops centralis'' LC ***

Brown mastiff bat The brown mastiff bat (''Promops nasutus''), is a bat species found in Venezuela, Trinidad, Guyana, Suriname, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, and northern Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link ...

, ''Promops nasutus'' LC ** Genus: ''

Tadarida The genus ''Tadarida'' has 9 or more species of free-tailed bats divided into two subgenera, with the first of these containing seven species spread across the Old World (including southern Europe and North Africa, large parts of southern Asia, ...

'' ***

Brazilian free-tailed bat The Mexican free-tailed bat or Brazilian free-tailed bat (''Tadarida brasiliensis'') is a medium-sized bat native to the Americas, so named because its tail can be almost half its total length and is not attached to its uropatagium. It has been ...

, ''Tadarida brasiliensis'' LC * Family:

Vespertilionidae Vespertilionidae is a family of microbats, of the order Chiroptera, flying, insect-eating mammals variously described as the common, vesper, or simple nosed bats. The vespertilionid family is the most diverse and widely distributed of bat famili ...

** Genus: ''

Eptesicus ''Eptesicus'' is a genus of bats, commonly called house bats or serotine bats, in the family Vespertilionidae. The genus name is likely derived from the Greek words ''ptetikos'' 'able to fly' or ''petomai'' 'house flier', although this is not ce ...

'' *** Little black serotine, ''Eptesicu andinus'' ***

Brazilian brown bat The Brazilian brown bat (''Eptesicus brasiliensis''), is a bat species from South and Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States ...

, ''Eptesicus brasiliensis'' LC *** Chiriquinan serotine, ''Eptesicus chiriquinus'' *** Diminutive serotine, ''Eptesicus diminutus'' DD *** Argentine brown bat, ''Eptesicus furinalis'' LC *** Taddei serotine, ''Eptesicus taddeii'' ** Genus: '' Histiotus'' *** Strange big-eared brown bat, ''Histiotus alienus'' DD *** Thomas's big-eared brown bat, ''Histiotus laephotis'' DD *** Small big-eared brown bat, ''Histiotus montanus'' DD *** Tropical big-eared brown bat, ''Histiotus velatus'' DD ** Genus: ''

Lasiurus ''Lasiurus'' is a genus of bats in the family Vespertilionidae Vespertilionidae is a family of microbats, of the order Chiroptera, flying, insect-eating mammals variously described as the common, vesper, or simple nosed bats. The vespertilio ...

'' *** Desert red bat, ''Lasiurus blossevillii'' LC *** Tacarcuna bat, ''Lasiurus castaneus'' ***

Hoary bat The hoary bat (''Lasiurus cinereus'') is a species of bat in the vesper bat family, Vespertilionidae. It lives throughout most of North America (possibly including Hawaii, although this is disputed). Taxonomy The hoary bat was described as a ...

, ''Lasiurus cinereus'' LC *** Hairy-tailed bat, ''Lasiurus ebenus'' DD ***

Southern yellow bat The southern yellow bat (''Dasypterus ega'') is a species of vesper bat that belongs to suborder microchiroptera (microbat) in the family Vespertilionidae. It is native to South, North and Central America, from the Rio Grande Valley of Texas i ...

, ''Lasiurus ega'' LC *** Big red bat, ''Lasiurus egregius'' DD ***

Saline red bat The saline red bat (''Lasiurus salinae'') is a species of bat from the family Vespertilionidae. It was formerly included as a subspecies or a synonym of the eastern red bat and the desert red bat, but is distinct. The species is present in Argent ...

, ''Lasiurus salinae'' ** Genus: '' Rhogeessa'' ***

Husson's yellow bat Husson's yellow bat (''Rhogeessa (Rhogeessa) hussoni'') is a species of vesper bat found in Suriname and southern Brazil. Description Husson's yellow bat is primarily distinguished from other species in the genus ''Rhogeessa'' (particularly from ...

, ''Rhogeessa hussoni'' LC *** Thomas's yellow bat, ''Rhogeessa io'' LC ** Genus: ''

Myotis The mouse-eared bats or myotises are a diverse and widespread genus (''Myotis'') of bats within the family Vespertilionidae. The noun "''myotis''" itself is a New Latin construction, from the Greek "''muós'' (meaning "mouse") and "''oûs''" (me ...

'' ***

Silver-tipped myotis The silver-tipped myotis (''Myotis albescens'') is a species of mouse-eared bat found in a range of lowland habitats in the Americas. It is part of the vesper bat genus ''Myotis'', which includes many common species across the world. Genetic ana ...

, ''Myotis albescens'' LC *** ''

Myotis dinellii Dinelli's myotis (''Myotis dinellii'') is a species of vesper bat found in southern South America. Taxonomy It was described in 1902 by Oldfield Thomas. It was previously considered a subspecies of the yellowish myotis (''M. levis''), but wa ...

'' *** Izecksohn's myotis, ''Myotis izecksohni'' *** LaVal's myotis, ''Myotis lavali'' ***

Yellowish myotis The yellowish myotis (''Myotis levis''), is a vesper bat species from South America. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Dinelli's myotis Dinelli's myotis (''Myotis dinellii'') is a species of vesper bat found in southern ...

, ''Myotis levis'' LC ***

Black myotis The black myotis (''Myotis nigricans'') is a vesper bat species from South and Central America. Its body is dark brown/black. The head to body length, not including the tail, is about 5 cm (2 in.). The black myotis is a tiny bat with a smal ...

, ''Myotis nigricans'' LR/lc ***

Riparian myotis The riparian myotis (''Myotis riparius''), is a vespertilionid bat species from South and Central America. It is a medium-sized bat compared to other South American myotis. Taxonomy The riparian myotis was originally described as a subspecies of ...

, ''Myotis riparius'' LC ***

Red myotis The red myotis (''Myotis ruber'') is a vesper bat species found in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. References

Mouse-eared bats Mammals described in 1806 Bats of South America Taxa named by Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire {{Ve ...

, ''Myotis ruber'' NT *** Velvety myotis, ''Myotis simus'' DD

Order: Primates

* Family:

Callitrichidae The Callitrichidae (also called Arctopitheci or Hapalidae) are a family of New World monkeys, including marmosets, tamarins, and lion tamarins. At times, this group of animals has been regarded as a subfamily, called the Callitrichinae, of the ...

** Genus: ''

Callimico The Goeldi's marmoset or Goeldi's monkey (''Callimico goeldii'') is a small, South American New World monkey that lives in the upper Amazon basin region of Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru. It is the only species classified in the genus ''C ...

'' ***

Goeldi's marmoset The Goeldi's marmoset or Goeldi's monkey (''Callimico goeldii'') is a small, South American New World monkey that lives in the upper Amazon basin region of Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru. It is the only species classified in the genus ''Call ...

, ''Callimico goeldii'' VU ** Genus: ''

Callithrix ''Callithrix'' is a genus of New World monkeys of the family Callitrichidae, the family containing marmosets and tamarins. The genus contains the Atlantic Forest marmosets. The name ''Callithrix'' is derived from the Greek words ''kallos'', m ...

'' *** Buffy-tufted marmoset, ''Callithrix aurita'' VU ***

Buffy-headed marmoset The buffy-headed marmoset (''Callithrix flaviceps'') is a rare species of marmoset endemic to the rainforests of south-eastern Brazil. It occurs in southern Espírito Santo and possibly northern Rio de Janeiro and its distribution extends into Mi ...

, ''Callithrix flaviceps'' EN ***

White-headed marmoset The white-headed marmoset (''Callithrix geoffroyi''), also known as the tufted-ear marmoset, Geoffroy's marmoset, or Geoffrey's marmoset, is a marmoset endemic to forests in eastern Brazil, where it is native to Bahia, Espírito Santo, and Minas ...

, ''Callithrix geoffroyi'' LC ***

Common marmoset The common marmoset (''Callithrix jacchus'') also called white-tufted marmoset or white-tufted-ear marmoset is a New World monkey. It originally lived on the northeastern coast of Brazil, in the states of Piaui, Paraiba, Ceará, Rio Grande do ...

, ''Callithrix jacchus'' LC ***

Wied's marmoset Wied's marmoset (''Callithrix kuhlii''), also known as Wied's black-tufted-ear marmoset, is a New World monkey that lives in tropical and subtropical forests of eastern Brazil. Unlike other marmosets, Wied's marmoset lives in groups consisting o ...

, ''Callithrix kuhlii'' NT ***

Black-tufted marmoset The black-tufted marmoset (''Callithrix penicillata''), also known as Mico-estrela in Portuguese, is a species of New World monkey that lives primarily in the Neo-tropical gallery forests of the Brazilian Central Plateau. It ranges from Bahia ...

, ''Callithrix penicillata'' LC ** Genus: ''

Cebuella Pygmy marmosets are two species of small New World monkeys in the genus ''Cebuella''. They are native to rainforests of the western Amazon Basin in South America. These primates are notable for being the smallest monkeys in the world, at just o ...

'' ***

Pygmy marmoset Pygmy marmosets are two species of small New World monkeys in the genus ''Cebuella''. They are native to rainforests of the western Amazon Basin in South America. These primates are notable for being the smallest monkeys in the world, at just ov ...

, ''Cebuella pygmaea'' LC ** Genus: ''

Leontocebus The saddle-back tamarins are squirrel-sized New World monkeys from the family Callitrichidae in the genus or subgenus ''Leontocebus''. They were split from the tamarin genus '' Saguinus'' based on genetic data and on the fact that saddle-back ...

'' ***

Cruz Lima's saddle-back tamarin Cruz Lima's saddle-back tamarin (''Leontocebus cruzlimai'') is a species of saddle-back tamarin, a type of small monkey from South America. Cruz Lima's saddle-back tamarin was formerly considered to be a subspecies of the brown-mantled tamarin ...

, ''Leontocebus cruzlimai'' LC ***

Lesson's saddle-back tamarin Lesson's saddle-back tamarin (''Leontocebus fuscus'') is a species of saddle-back tamarin, a type of small monkey from South America. Lesson's saddle-back tamarin was formerly considered to be a subspecies of the brown-mantled tamarin, ''L. fus ...

, ''Leontocebus fuscus'' LC *** Brown-mantled tamarin, ''Leontocebus fuscicollis'' LC *** Black-mantled tamarin, ''Leontocebus nigricollis'' LC ***

Weddell's saddle-back tamarin Weddell's saddle-back tamarin (''Leontocebus weddelli'') is a species of saddle-back tamarin, a type of small monkey from South America. Weddell's saddle-back tamarin was formerly considered to be a subspecies of the brown-mantled tamarin, ''L. f ...

, ''Leontocebus weddelli'' LC ** Genus: ''

Leontopithecus The four species of lion tamarins or maned marmosets make up the genus ''Leontopithecus''. They are small New World monkeys named for the mane surrounding their face, similar to the mane of a lion. Description Living in the eastern rainforests ...

'' *** Superagui lion tamarin, ''Leontopithecus caissara'' CR ***

Golden-headed lion tamarin The golden-headed lion tamarin (''Leontopithecus chrysomelas''), also the golden-headed tamarin, is a lion tamarin endemic to Brazil. It is found only in the lowland and premontane tropical forest fragments in the state of Bahia, and therefore i ...

, ''Leontopithecus chrysomelas'' EN ***

Black lion tamarin The black lion tamarin (''Leontopithecus chrysopygus''), also known as the golden-rumped lion tamarin, is a lion tamarin endemic to the Brazilian state of São Paulo, almost exclusively at the Morro do Diabo State Park. Its limited geographical ...

, ''Leontopithecus chrysopygus'' EN ***

Golden lion tamarin The golden lion tamarin (''Leontopithecus rosalia'', pt, mico-leão-dourado , ), also known as the golden marmoset, is a small New World monkey of the family Callitrichidae. Native to the Atlantic coastal forests of Brazil, the golden lion t ...

, ''Leontopithecus rosalia'' EN ** Genus: ''

Mico People * Mićo Janić (born 1979), Croatian sprint canoer * Mićo Ljubibratić (1839–1889), Serbian revolutionary * Mico Palanca (1978–2019), Filipino actor * Mićo Smiljanić (born 1974), Serbian/Montenegrin footballer * Mićo Stanišić (born ...

'' ***

Rio Acari marmoset Rio or Río is the Portuguese, Spanish, Italian, and Maltese word for "river". When spoken on its own, the word often means Rio de Janeiro, a major city in Brazil. Rio or Río may also refer to: Geography Brazil * Rio de Janeiro * Rio do Sul, a ...

, ''Mico acariensis'' DD *** Gold-and-white marmoset, ''Mico chrysoleucus'' DD *** Emilia's marmoset, ''Mico emiliae'' DD ***

Santarem marmoset The Santarem marmoset (''Mico humeralifer''), also known as the black and white tassel-ear marmoset, is a marmoset endemic to the Brazilian states of Amazonas and Pará. Description The Santarem marmoset is a small monkey, with a head-body leng ...

, ''Mico humeralifer'' DD ***

Roosmalens' dwarf marmoset The Roosmalens' dwarf marmoset (''Mico humilis''), also known as the black-crowned dwarf marmoset, is a small New World monkey native to the Amazon Rainforest, on the east bank of the lower Madeira River, and the west bank of the Aripuanã Rive ...

, ''Mico humilis'' VU *** Hershkovitz's marmoset, ''Mico intermedia'' LC ***

White marmoset The white marmoset (''Mico leucippe''), or golden-white bare-ear marmoset, is a Vulnerable species, vulnerable species of marmoset, a small monkey endemic to the Amazon rainforest in Pará, Brazil. References

Mico (genus), white marmos ...

, ''Mico leucippe'' VU ***

Manicore marmoset The Marca's marmoset (''Mico marcai'') is a species of marmoset that is endemic to the Amazon, in the Aripuanã-Manicoré interfluvium in Brazil. Its body is light grey, with orange legs, a black tail, a pinkish face, and naked ears. It is about ...

, ''Mico manicorensis'' LC *** Marca's marmoset, ''Mico marcai'' DD *** Maués marmoset, ''Mico mauesi'' LC *** Munduruku marmoset, ''Mico munduruku'' VU *** Black-tailed marmoset, ''Mico melanurus'' LC *** Black-headed marmoset, ''Mico nigriceps'' DD *** Sateré marmoset, ''Mico saterei'' LC ** Genus: ''

Saguinus The tamarins are squirrel-sized New World monkeys from the family Callitrichidae in the genus ''Saguinus''. They are the first offshoot in the Callitrichidae tree, and therefore are the sister group of a clade formed by the lion tamarins, Goel ...

'' ***

Pied tamarin The pied tamarin (''Saguinus bicolor''), sometimes referred to as the Brazilian bare-faced tamarin, is a Critically Endangered primate species found in a restricted area of the Brazilian Amazon Rainforest. It was named the mascot of Manaus, Bra ...

, ''Saguinus bicolor'' EN ***

Emperor tamarin The emperor tamarin (''Saguinus imperator'') is a species of tamarin allegedly named for its resemblance to the German emperor Wilhelm II. It lives in the west Brazilian states of Acre and Amazonas and the southwest Amazon Basin, in east Peru, ...

, ''Saguinus imperator'' LC *** Mottle-faced tamarin, ''Saguinus inustus'' LC *** White-lipped tamarin, ''Saguinus labiatus'' LC *** Martins's tamarin, ''Saguinus martinsi'' LC ***

Red-handed tamarin The golden-handed tamarin (''Saguinus midas''), also known as the red-handed tamarin or Midas tamarin, is a New World monkey belonging to the family Callitrichidae. Distribution and habitat This species is native to wooded areas north of the Ama ...

, ''Saguinus midas'' LC ***

Moustached tamarin The moustached tamarin (''Saguinus mystax'') is a New World monkey and a species of tamarin. The moustached tamarin is named for the lack of coloring in the facial hair surrounding their mouth, appearing similar to a moustache. As with all New Wo ...

, ''Saguinus mystax'' LC ***

Black tamarin The black tamarin (''Saguinus niger'') or western black-handed tamarin, is a species of tamarin endemic to Brazil. Taxonomy Based on mitochondrial DNA analysis, black tamarins were found to be more closely related to populations on the same sid ...

, ''Saguinus niger'' VU * Family: Cebidae ** Genus: ''

Cebus Gracile capuchin monkeys are capuchin monkeys in the genus ''Cebus''. At one time all capuchin monkeys were included within the genus ''Cebus''. In 2011, Jessica Lynch Alfaro ''et al.'' proposed splitting the genus between the robust capuchin ...

'' ***

Humboldt's white-fronted capuchin Humboldt's white-fronted capuchin (''Cebus albifrons'') is a species of gracile capuchin monkey. It is found in Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, and potentially the island of Trinidad. Taxonomy The species name ''Cebus albifrons'' was formerly co ...

, ''Cebus albifrons'' LC ***

Kaapori capuchin The Kaapori capuchin (''Cebus kaapori''), also known as the Ka'apor capuchin, is a species of frugivorous, gracile capuchin endemic to the Brazilian Amazon. Their geographical home range is relatively small and is within the most densely populat ...

, ''Cebus kaapori'' CR ***

Spix's white-fronted capuchin Spix's white-fronted capuchin (''Cebus unicolor'') is a species of gracile capuchin monkey. It had previously been classified as a subspecies of the Humboldt's white-fronted capuchin (''C. albifrons''). Following genetic studies by Boubli, '' ...

, ''Cebus unicolor'' *** Wedge-capped capuchin, ''Cebus olivaceus'' LC ***

Marañón white-fronted capuchin The Marañón white-fronted capuchin (''Cebus yuracus'') also or known as Peruvian white-fronted capuchin or Andean white-fronted capuchin is a species of gracile capuchin monkey from the upper Amazon Basin. It had been regarded as synonymous ...

, ''Cebus yuracus'' ** Genus: ''

Sapajus Robust capuchin monkeys are capuchin monkeys in the genus ''Sapajus''. Formerly, all capuchin monkeys were placed in the genus ''Cebus''. ''Sapajus'' was erected in 2012 by Jessica Lynch Alfaro et al. to differentiate the robust (tufted) capuchin ...

'' ***

Tufted capuchin The tufted capuchin (''Sapajus apella''), also known as brown capuchin, black-capped capuchin, or pin monkey is a New World primate from South America and the Caribbean islands of Trinidad and Margarita. As traditionally defined, it is one of th ...

, ''Sapajus apella'' LC ***

Black-striped capuchin The black-striped capuchin (''Sapajus libidinosus''), also known as the bearded capuchin, is a New World monkey in the family Cebidae. They can be found in northern and central Brazil. These capuchins mostly live in dry forests, and savannah lands ...

, ''Sapajus libidinosus'' LC ***

Large-headed capuchin The large-headed capuchin (''Sapajus apella macrocephalus'') is a subspecies of the tufted capuchin monkey from South America. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_ ...

, ''Sapajus macrocephalus'' LC ***

Black capuchin The black capuchin (''Sapajus nigritus''), also known as the black-horned capuchin, is a capuchin monkey from the Atlantic Forest in south-eastern Brazil and far north-eastern Argentina. Historically, it was included as a subspecies of the tuft ...

, ''Sapajus nigritus'' NT ***

Crested capuchin The crested capuchin or robust tufted capuchin (''Sapajus robustus'') is a species of robust capuchin monkey. It is endemic to Brazil. It was formerly considered a subspecies of the black capuchin but is now considered by some to be a separate sp ...

, ''Sapajus robustus'' EN ***

Golden-bellied capuchin The golden-bellied capuchin (''Sapajus xanthosternos''), also known as the yellow-breasted or buff-headed capuchin, is a species of New World or neotropical monkey. It lives mainly in trees and are omnivorous, eating a wide variety of both plant ...

, ''Sapajus xanthosternos'' CR ** Genus: ''

Saimiri Squirrel monkeys are New World monkeys of the genus ''Saimiri''. ''Saimiri'' is the only genus in the subfamily Saimirinae. The name of the genus is of Tupi origin (''sai-mirím'' or ''çai-mbirín'', with ''sai'' meaning 'monkey' and ''mirím'' ...

'' ***

Black-capped squirrel monkey The black-capped squirrel monkey (''Saimiri boliviensis'') is a species of New-World monkey native to the upper Amazon basin in Bolivia, western Brazil and eastern Peru. They weigh between 365 and 1135 grams and measure, from the head to the b ...

, ''Saimiri boliviensis'' LC *** Collins' squirrel monkey, ''Saimiri collinsi'' *** Humboldt's squirrel monkey, ''Saimiri cassiquiarensis'' ***

Guianan squirrel monkey The Guianan squirrel monkey (''Saimiri sciureus'') is a species of squirrel monkey from Guiana, Venezuela and Brazil. ''S. sciureus'' formerly applied to Humboldt's squirrel monkey and Collins' squirrel monkey, but genetic research in 2009 and ...

, ''Saimiri sciureus'' LC ***

Bare-eared squirrel monkey The bare-eared squirrel monkey (''Saimiri ustus'') is a squirrel monkey endemic to Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America ...

, ''Saimiri ustus'' NT ***

Black squirrel monkey The black squirrel monkey (''Saimiri vanzolinii''), also known as the blackish squirrel monkey or black-headed squirrel monkey, is a small New World monkey, New World primate, endemic (ecology), endemic to the central Amazon Rainforest, Amazon in ...

, ''Saimiri vanzolinii'' VU * Family: Aotidae ** Genus: '' Aotus'' *** Feline night monkey, ''Aotus azarae'' LC ***

Nancy Ma's night monkey Nancy Ma's night monkey (''Aotus nancymaae'') is a night monkey species from South America. It is found in Brazil and Peru. It is known in medical research as a model organism A model organism (often shortened to model) is a non-human spec ...

, ''Aotus nancymaae'' LC ***

Black-headed night monkey The black-headed night monkey (''Aotus nigriceps'') is a night monkey species from South America. It is found in Brazil, Bolivia and Peru. The ''A. nigriceps'' in Peru were notably inhabiting areas that were degraded, and often these areas were ...

, ''Aotus nigriceps'' LC *** Three-striped night monkey, ''Aotus trivirgatus'' LC ***

Spix's night monkey Spix's night monkey (''Aotus vociferans''), also known as the Colombian gray night monkey, noisy night monkey and Spix's owl monkey, is a night monkey species from South America. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. The Spix's nigh ...

, ''Aotus vociferans'' LC * Family:

Pitheciidae The Pitheciidae () are one of the five families of New World monkeys now recognised. Formerly, they were included in the family Atelidae. The family includes the titis, saki monkeys and uakaris. Most species are native to the Amazon region ...

** Genus: '' Cacajao'' ***

Bald uakari The bald uakari (''Cacajao calvus'') or bald-headed uakari is a small New World monkey characterized by a very short tail; bright, crimson face; a bald head; and long coat. The bald uakari is restricted to várzea forests and other wooded habitat ...

, ''Cacajao calvus'' VU ***

Black-headed uakari The golden-backed uakari (''Cacajao melanocephalus'') or black-headed uakari, is a New World primate from the family Pitheciidae. It lives in the Amazon Rainforest, and is found in the countries of Brazil, Colombia, and Venezuela. It has black h ...

, ''Cacajao melanocephalus'' LC ***

Aracá uakari The Aracá uakari (''Cacajao ayresi''), also known as the Ayres black uakari, is a newly described species of monkey from the northwest Brazilian Amazon. It was found by Jean-Phillipe Boubli of the University of Auckland after following native ...

, ''Cacajao ayresi'' VU ***

Neblina uakari The Neblina uakari (''Cacajao hosomi'') or black-headed uakari, is a newly described species of monkey from the far northwest Brazilian Amazon and adjacent southern Venezuela. It was found by Jean-Phillipe Boubli of the University of Auckland ...

, ''Cacajao hosomi'' VU ** Genus: ''

Callicebus ''Callicebus'' is a genus of monkeys known as titi monkeys. Historically, titis were monogeneric, comprising only the genus ''Callicebus'' Thomas, 1903. Owing to the great diversity found across titi monkey species, a new genus-level taxonomy w ...

'' ***

Baptista Lake titi The Baptista Lake titi monkey (''Plecturocebus baptista'') is a species of titi monkey, a type of New World monkey, Endemic (ecology), endemic to Brazil. It was originally described as ''Callicebus baptista'' in 1939. References

Plectur ...

, ''Callicebus baptista'' LC ***

Barbara Brown's titi Barbara Brown's titi monkey (''Callicebus barbarabrownae''), also popularly known as the blond titi monkey or northern Bahian blond titi, is a species of titi, a type of New World monkey. This critically endangered species is endemic to the Caat ...

, ''Callicebus barbarabrownae'' CR ***

Prince Bernhard's titi Prince Bernhard's titi monkey (''Plecturocebus bernhardi''), also called the zog-zog monkey, is a species of titi monkey in the genus ''Plecturocebus'', first described in 2002. It is named after Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands. They have var ...

, ''Callicebus bernhardi'' LC ***

Brown titi The brown titi monkey (''Plecturocebus brunneus'') is a species of titi monkey, a type of New World monkey, from South America. It is endemic to Brazil. It was originally described as ''Callicebus brunneus'' in 1842 and transferred to the newly e ...

, ''Callicebus brunneus'' LC *** Chestnut-bellied titi, ''Callicebus caligatus'' LC ***

Ashy black titi The ashy black titi monkey (''Plecturocebus cinerascens'') is a species of titi monkey, a type of New World monkey, endemic to Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest count ...

, ''Callicebus cinerascens'' LC ***

Coimbra Filho's titi Coimbra Filho's titi monkey (''Callicebus coimbrai'') or just Coimbra's titi is a species of titi, a type of New World monkey, endemic to forests in the Brazilian states of Bahia and Sergipe. It was first discovered by Shuji Kobayashi. It is co ...

, ''Callicebus coimbrai'' EN ***

Coppery titi The coppery titi monkey (''Plecturocebus cupreus''), or red titi monkey, is a species of titi monkey, a type of New World monkey, from South America. They are found in the Amazon of Brazil and Peru, and perhaps northern Bolivia. It was described ...

, ''Callicebus cupreus'' LC ***

White-eared titi The white-eared titi monkey (''Plecturocebus donacophilus'') also known as the Bolivian titi or Bolivian gray titi, is a species of titi monkey, a type of New World monkey, from eastern Bolivia and an area of western Brazil. The species has a r ...

, ''Callicebus donacophilus'' LC *** Hershkovitz's titi, ''Callicebus dubius'' LC *** Hoffmanns's titi, ''Callicebus hoffmannsi'' LC *** Lucifer titi, ''Callicebus lucifer'' LC ***

Black titi The black titi monkey (''Cheracebus lugens''), is a species of titi, a type of New World monkey, from South America. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, and Venezuela. It was described in 1811 as ''Calicebus lugens''. It is sometimes called the wid ...

, ''Callicebus lugens'' LC *** Coastal black-handed titi, ''Callicebus melanochir'' VU ***

Red-bellied titi The red-bellied titi monkey or dusky titi (''Plecturocebus moloch'') is a species of titi monkey, a type of New World monkey, endemic to Brazil. It lives in forests and thickets. It has a rounded head and a thick, soft coat and frequently adopts ...

, ''Callicebus moloch'' LC ***

Black-fronted titi The black-fronted titi monkey (''Callicebus nigrifrons'') is a species of titi, a type of New World monkey. The black-fronted titi is a small diurnal primate. The body of this primate is covered in grey to brown fur with black fur concentrated ...

, ''Callicebus nigrifrons'' NT *** White-coated titi, ''Callicebus pallescens'' LC ***

Atlantic titi The Atlantic titi monkey or masked titi (''Callicebus personatus'') is a species of titi, a type of New World monkey, endemic to Brazil. Distribution and general features The Atlantic titi is part of the genus ''Callicebus'' which is composed of ...

, ''Callicebus personatus'' VU *** Rio Purus titi, ''Callicebus purinus'' LC ***

Red-headed titi The red-headed titi monkey (''Cheracebus regulus'') is a species of titi, a type of New World monkey, endemic to Brazil. It was originally described as ''Callicebus regulus'' in 1927. References

Cheracebus, red-headed titi Mammals of Br ...

, ''Callicebus regulus'' LC *** Stephen Nash's titi, ''Callicebus stephennashi'' DD ***

Collared titi The collared titi monkey (''Cheracebus torquatus'') is a species of titi, a type of New World monkey. It is endemic to northern Brazil. Taxonomy At the end of the 1980s the genus ''Callicebus'' was revised from the Hershkovitz concept of three ...

, ''Callicebus torquatus'' LC ** Genus: ''

Chiropotes The bearded sakis, or cuxiús are five or six species of New World monkeys, classified in the genus ''Chiropotes''. They live in the eastern and central Amazon in South America, ranging through southern Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana ...

'' ***

White-nosed saki The white-nosed saki (''Chiropotes albinasus'') is a species of bearded saki, a type of New World monkey, endemic to the south-central Amazon rainforest in Brazil. Both its scientific and common name were caused by the authors working from dead ...

, ''Chiropotes albinasus'' EN ***

Red-backed bearded saki The red-backed bearded sakiBonvicino, C. R., Boubli, J. P., Otazú, I. B., Almeida, F. C., Nascimento, F. F., Coura, J. R. and Seuánez, H. N. (2003). ''Morphologic, karyotypic, and molecular evidence of a new form of Chiropotes (primates, pithec ...

, ''Chiropotes chiropotes'' LC *** Brown-backed bearded saki, ''Chiropotes israelita'' *** Black bearded saki, ''Chiropotes satanas'' CR *** Uta Hick's bearded saki, ''Chiropotes utahicki'' EN ** Genus: '' Pithecia'' ***

White-footed saki The white-footed saki, buffy saki or white saki (''Pithecia albicans'') is a species of saki monkey, a type of New World monkey, endemic to western Brazil south of the Amazon Amazon most often refers to: * Amazons, a tribe of female warriors ...

, ''Pithecia albicans'' VU *** Rio Tapajós saki, ''Pithecia irrorata'' LC ***

Monk saki The monk saki (''Pithecia monachus'') also known as Geoffroy's monk saki, is a species of saki monkey, a type of New World monkey, from South America. It is found in forested areas of northwestern Brazil and northeastern Peru. Taxonomy The ha ...

, ''Pithecia monachus'' LC ***

White-faced saki The white-faced saki (''Pithecia pithecia''), called the Guianan saki and the golden-faced saki, is a species of the New World saki monkey. They can be found in Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela. This species lives in the und ...

, ''Pithecia pithecia'' * Family:

Atelidae The Atelidae are one of the five family (biology), families of New World monkeys now recognised. It was formerly included in the family Cebidae. Atelids are generally larger monkeys; the family includes the howler monkey, howler, spider monkey, ...

** Genus: ''

Alouatta Howler monkeys (genus ''Alouatta'', monotypic in subfamily Alouattinae) are the most widespread primate genus in the Neotropics and are among the largest of the platyrrhines along with the muriquis (''Brachyteles''), the spider monkeys (''Atele ...

'' ***

Red-handed howler The red-handed howler (''Alouatta belzebul'') is a vulnerable species of howler monkey, a type of New World monkey. It is endemic to Brazil, found in the southeastern Amazon and disjunctly in the Atlantic Forest between Rio Grande do Norte and ...

, ''Alouatta belzebul'' VU ***

Black howler The black howler (''Alouatta caraya'') or black-and-gold howler, is among the largest New World monkeys and a member of the '' Alouatta'' genus. The black howler is distributed in areas of South America such as Paraguay, southern Brazil, easte ...

, ''Alouatta caraya'' LC *** Brown howler, ''Alouatta guariba'' LC ***

Amazon black howler The Amazon black howler (''Alouatta nigerrima'') is a species of howler monkey, a type of New World monkey, endemic to the south-central Amazon in Brazil. Until 2001, most authorities included it as a subspecies (or simply a taxonomically ins ...

, ''Alouatta nigerrima'' LC ***

Venezuelan red howler The Colombian red howler or Venezuelan red howler (''Alouatta seniculus'') is a South American species of howler monkey, a type of New World monkey, found in the western Amazon Basin in Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil. The populat ...

, ''Alouatta seniculus'' LC ***

Maranhão red-handed howler The Maranhão red-handed howler (''Alouatta ululata'') is an endangered species of howler monkey endemic to forests (for example Babaçu forests) in the northeastern Brazilian states of Ceará, Maranhão and Piauí. It was previously thought to ...

, ''Alouatta ululata'' EN ** Genus: ''

Ateles Spider monkeys are New World monkeys belonging to the genus ''Ateles'', part of the subfamily Atelinae, family Atelidae. Like other atelines, they are found in tropical forests of Central and South America, from southern Mexico to Brazil. The ...

'' *** White-fronted spider monkey, ''Ateles belzebuth'' EN *** Peruvian spider monkey, ''Ateles chamek'' EN ***

White-cheeked spider monkey The white-cheeked spider monkey (''Ateles marginatus'') is a species of spider monkey, a type of New World monkey, endemic to Brazil. It moves around the forest canopy in small family groups of two to four, part of larger groups of a few dozen an ...

, ''Ateles marginatus'' EN *** Red-faced spider monkey, ''Ateles paniscus'' VU ** Genus: ''

Brachyteles The muriquis, also known as woolly spider monkeys, are the monkeys of the genus ''Brachyteles''. They are closely related to both the spider monkeys and the woolly monkeys. The two species are the southern (''B. arachnoides'') and northern (' ...

'' ***

Southern muriqui The southern muriqui (''Brachyteles arachnoides'') is a muriqui (woolly spider monkey) species endemic to Brazil. Taxonomy Taxonomy of muriquis is controversial because some scientists believe that they are a monotypic genus while others favo ...

, ''Brachyteles arachnoides'' EN ***

Northern muriqui The northern muriqui (''Brachyteles hypoxanthus)'' is one of two species of muriqui. They are also known as woolly spider monkey because they exhibit the woollen pelt of woolly monkeys and the long prehensile tail of spider monkeys. Muriquis a ...

, ''Brachyteles hypoxanthus'' CR ** Genus: ''

Lagothrix The woolly monkeys are the genus ''Lagothrix'' of New World monkeys, usually placed in the family Atelidae. Both species in this genus originate from the rainforests of South America. They have prehensile tails and live in relatively large soc ...

'' ***

Gray woolly monkey The gray woolly monkey (''Lagothrix lagothricha cana'') or Geoffroy's woolly monkey is a subspecies of the common woolly monkey from South America. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil and Peru. ''L. l. cana'' gets its common name, gray woolly monkey, ...

, ''Lagothrix cana'' EN ***

Brown woolly monkey The common woolly monkey, brown woolly monkey, or Humboldt's woolly monkey (''Lagothrix lagothricha'') is a woolly monkey from Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, and Venezuela. It lives in groups of two to 70 individuals, usually splitting ...

, ''Lagothrix lagothricha'' VU ***

Silvery woolly monkey The silvery woolly monkey (''Lagothrix lagothricha poeppigii''), also known as Poeppig's woolly monkey or the red woolly monkey, is a subspecies of the common woolly monkey from South America. Named after the German zoologist Eduard Friedrich Poe ...

, ''Lagothrix poeppigii'' VU

Order: Carnivora

Canidae - dogs, foxes, wolves

* Genus: ''

Atelocynus The short-eared dog (''Atelocynus microtis''), also known as the short-eared zorro or small-eared dog,de la Rosa, Carlos L.; and Nocke, Claudia. A Guide to the Carnivores of Central America: Natural History, Ecology, and Conservation. Austin: Uni ...

'' **

Short-eared dog The short-eared dog (''Atelocynus microtis''), also known as the short-eared zorro or small-eared dog,de la Rosa, Carlos L.; and Nocke, Claudia. A Guide to the Carnivores of Central America: Natural History, Ecology, and Conservation. Austin: Uni ...

, ''A. microtis'' * Genus: ''

Cerdocyon The crab-eating fox (''Cerdocyon thous''), also known as the forest fox, wood fox, bushdog (not to be confused with the bush dog) or maikong, is an extant species of medium-sized canid endemic to the central part of South America since at least ...

'' **

Crab-eating fox The crab-eating fox (''Cerdocyon thous''), also known as the forest fox, wood fox, bushdog (not to be confused with the bush dog) or maikong, is an extant species of medium-sized canid endemic to the central part of South America since at least ...

, ''C. thous'' * Genus: ''

Chrysocyon The maned wolf (''Chrysocyon brachyurus'') is a large canine of South America. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, and Paraguay, and is almost extinct in Uruguay. Its markings resemble those of foxes, but it is neither a fox nor a w ...

'' **

Maned wolf The maned wolf (''Chrysocyon brachyurus'') is a large canine of South America. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, and Paraguay, and is almost extinct in Uruguay. Its markings resemble those of foxes, but it is neither a fox nor a w ...

, ''C. brachyurus'' *Genus: ''

Dusicyon ''Dusicyon'' is an extinct genus of South American canids. The type species is ''Dusicyon australis'', the Falkland Islands wolf. In 1914, Oldfield Thomas established this genus, in which he included the culpeo and other South American foxes. ...

'' ** '' Dusicyon avus'' * Genus: ''

Lycalopex The South American foxes (''Lycalopex''), commonly called ''raposa'' in Portuguese, or ''zorro'' in Spanish, are a genus from South America of the subfamily Caninae. Despite their name, they are not true foxes, but are a unique canid genus more ...

'' **

Pampas fox The Pampas fox (''Lycalopex gymnocercus''), also known as grey pampean fox, Pampas zorro, Azara's fox, or Azara's zorro (in Spanish also called , anglicized as aguarachay, in Portuguese also called ), is a medium-sized zorro, or "false" fox, na ...

, ''L. gymnocercus'' **

Hoary fox The hoary fox or hoary zorro (''Lycalopex vetulus''), also known as ''raposinha-do-campo'' in Brazil ( Portuguese for "little meadow fox"), is a species of zorro or "false" fox endemic to Brazil. Unlike many other foxes, it feeds primarily on s ...

, ''L. vetulus'' * Genus: ''

Speothos ''Speothos'' is a genus of canid found in Central and South America. The genus includes the living bush dog, '' Speothos venaticus'', and an extinct Pleistocene species, '' Speothos pacivorus''. Unusually, the fossil species was identified and ...

'' **

Bush dog The bush dog (''Speothos venaticus'') is a canine found in Central and South America. In spite of its extensive range, it is very rare in most areas except in Suriname, Guyana and Peru; it was first identified by Peter Wilhelm Lund from fossi ...

, ''S. venaticus''

Felidae - cats

* Genus: ''

Leopardus ''Leopardus'' is a genus comprising eight species of small cats native to the Americas. This genus is considered the oldest branch of a genetic lineage of small cats in the Americas whose common ancestor crossed the Bering land bridge from Asia ...

'' **

Pampas cat The Pampas cat (''Leopardus colocola'') is a small wild cat native to South America. It is listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List as habitat conversion and destruction may cause the population to decline in the future. It is named after ...

''L. colocola'' **

Geoffroy's cat Geoffroy's cat (''Leopardus geoffroyi'') is a small wild cat native to the southern and central regions of South America. It is about the size of a domestic cat. It is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List because it is widespread and abun ...

''L. geoffroyi'' ** Ocelot ''L. pardalis'' **

Oncilla The oncilla (''Leopardus tigrinus''), also known as the northern tiger cat, little spotted cat, and tigrillo, is a small spotted cat ranging from Central America to central Brazil. It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, and the popul ...

''L. tigrinus'' **

Margay The margay (''Leopardus wiedii'') is a small wild cat native to Central and South America. A solitary and nocturnal cat, it lives mainly in primary evergreen and deciduous forest. Until the 1990s, margays were hunted illegally for the wildlif ...

''L. wiedii'' * Genus: '' Herpailurus'' ** Jaguarundi, ''H. yagouaroundi'' * Genus: '' Puma'' ** Cougar, ''P. concolor'' * Genus: '' Panthera'' ** Jaguar, ''P. onca''

Mustelidae The Mustelidae (; from Latin ''mustela'', weasel) are a family of carnivorous mammals, including weasels, badgers, otters, ferrets, martens, minks and wolverines, among others. Mustelids () are a diverse group and form the largest family in th ...
- otters,
weasel Weasels are mammals of the genus ''Mustela'' of the family Mustelidae. The genus ''Mustela'' includes the least weasels, polecats, stoats, ferrets and European mink. Members of this genus are small, active predators, with long and slender b ...
s and allies

Tayra The tayra (''Eira barbara'') is an omnivorous animal from the weasel family, native to the Americas. It is the only species in the genus ''Eira''. Tayras are also known as the ''tolomuco'' or ''perico ligero'' in Central America, ''motete'' in ...

, ''Eira barbara'' *

Lesser grison The lesser grison (''Galictis cuja'') is a species of mustelid from South America. Description Lesser grisons have a long, slender body, short legs, and a bushy tail. They have a long neck and a small head with a flattened forehead and rounded ea ...

, ''Galictis cuja'' *

Greater grison The greater grison (''Galictis vittata'') is a species of mustelid native to Southern Mexico, Central America, and South America. Description The greater grison is a slender animal with short legs, a long neck, and a short, bushy tail. They are ...

, ''Galictis vittata'' *

Neotropical river otter The Neotropical otter or Neotropical river otter (''Lontra longicaudis'') is an otter species found in Mexico, Central America, South America, and the island of Trinidad. It is physically similar to the northern and southern river otter, which ...

, ''Lontra longicaudis'' *

Amazon weasel The Amazon weasel (''Neogale africana''), also known as the tropical weasel, is a species of weasel native to South America. It was first identified from a museum specimen mislabelled as coming from Africa, hence the scientific name. Taxonomy ...

, ''Neogale africana'' *

Long-tailed weasel The long-tailed weasel (''Neogale frenata''), also known as the bridled weasel, masked ermine, or big stoat, is a species of mustelid distributed from southern Canada throughout all the United States and Mexico, southward through all of Central A ...

, ''Neogale frenata'' *

Giant otter The giant otter or giant river otter (''Pteronura brasiliensis'') is a South American carnivorous mammal. It is the longest member of the weasel family, Mustelidae, a globally successful group of predators, reaching up to . Atypical of muste ...

, ''Pteronura brasiliensis''

Mephitidae Mephitidae is a family of mammals comprising the skunks and stink badgers. They are noted for the great development of their anal scent glands, which they use to deter predators. Skunks were formerly classified as a subfamily of the Mustelidae ...
- skunks

Molina's hog-nosed skunk Molina's hog-nosed skunk, also called the Andes skunk (''Conepatus chinga''), is a skunk species from South America. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western ...

, ''Conepatus chinga'' *

Striped hog-nosed skunk The striped hog-nosed skunk (''Conepatus semistriatus'') is a skunk species from Central and South America (from southern Mexico to northern Peru, and in the extreme east of Brazil). This species of skunk is considered a generalist species, bec ...

, ''Conepatus semistriatus''

Otariidae -
eared seal An eared seal or otariid or otary is any member of the marine mammal family Otariidae, one of three groupings of pinnipeds. They comprise 15 extant species in seven genera (another species became extinct in the 1950s) and are commonly known eith ...
s

South American fur seal The South American fur seal (''Arctocephalus australis'') breeds on the coasts of Peru, Chile, the Falkland Islands, Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil. The total population is around 250,000. However, population counts are sparse and outdated. Altho ...

, ''Arctocephalus australis'' *

Subantarctic fur seal The subantarctic fur seal (''Arctocephalus tropicalis'') is found in the southern parts of the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic Oceans. It was first described by Gray in 1872 from a specimen recovered in northern Australia—hence the inappropri ...

, ''Arctocephalus tropicalis'' *

South American sea lion The South American sea lion (''Otaria flavescens'', formerly ''Otaria byronia''), also called the southern sea lion and the Patagonian sea lion, is a sea lion found on the western and southeastern coasts of South America. It is the only member ...

, ''Otaria flavescens''

Phocidae -
earless seal The earless seals, phocids or true seals are one of the three main groups of mammals within the seal lineage, Pinnipedia. All true seals are members of the family Phocidae (). They are sometimes called crawling seals to distinguish them from th ...
s

Southern elephant seal The southern elephant seal (''Mirounga leonina'') is one of two species of elephant seals. It is the largest member of the clade Pinnipedia and the order Carnivora, as well as the largest extant marine mammal that is not a cetacean. It gets its ...

, ''Mirounga leonina''

Procyonidae -
raccoon The raccoon ( or , ''Procyon lotor''), sometimes called the common raccoon to distinguish it from other species, is a mammal native to North America. It is the largest of the procyonid family, having a body length of , and a body weight of ...
s,
coati Coatis, also known as coatimundis (), are members of the family Procyonidae in the genera ''Nasua'' and ''Nasuella''. They are diurnal mammals native to South America, Central America, Mexico, and the southwestern United States. The name ...
s, olingos and allies

Eastern lowland olingo The eastern lowland olingo (''Bassaricyon alleni'') is a species of olingo from South America, where it is known from the lowlands east of the Andes in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru and Venezuela.South American coati The South American coati (''Nasua nasua''), also known as the ring-tailed coati, is a coati species and a member of the raccoon family (Procyonidae), found in the tropical and subtropical parts of South America. An adult generally weighs from a ...

, ''Nasua nasua'' *

Kinkajou The kinkajou ( /ˈkɪŋkədʒuː/ ''KING-kə-joo''; ''Potos flavus'') is a tropical rainforest mammal of the family Procyonidae related to olingos, coatis, raccoons, and the ringtail and cacomistle. It is the only member of the genus ''Potos'' ...

, ''Potos flavus'' * Crab-eating raccoon, ''Procyon cancrivorus''

Cetacea

Balaenidae - right whales

* Southern right whale, ''Eubalaena australis''

Balaenopteridae - rorquals

Common minke whale The common minke whale or northern minke whale (''Balaenoptera acutorostrata'') is a species of minke whale within the suborder of baleen whales. It is the smallest species of the rorquals and the second smallest species of baleen whale. Althoug ...

, ''Balaenoptera acutorostrata'' *

Antarctic minke whale The Antarctic minke whale or southern minke whale (''Balaenoptera bonaerensis'') is a species of minke whale within the suborder of baleen whale Baleen whales ( systematic name Mysticeti), also known as whalebone whales, are a parvorder of ...

, ''Balaenoptera bonaerensis'' * Sei whale, ''Balaenoptera borealis'' * Bryde's whale, ''Balaenoptera brydei'' *

Omura's whale Omura's whale or the dwarf fin whale (''Balaenoptera omurai'') is a species of rorqual about which very little is known. Before its formal description, it was referred to as a small, dwarf or pygmy form of Bryde's whale by various sources. The c ...

, ''Balaenoptera omurai'' (the second case found in Atlantic oceans) *

Blue whale The blue whale (''Balaenoptera musculus'') is a marine mammal and a baleen whale. Reaching a maximum confirmed length of and weighing up to , it is the largest animal known to have ever existed. The blue whale's long and slender body can ...

, ''Balaenoptera musculus'' *

Fin whale The fin whale (''Balaenoptera physalus''), also known as finback whale or common rorqual and formerly known as herring whale or razorback whale, is a cetacean belonging to the parvorder of baleen whales. It is the second-longest species of ce ...

, ''Balaenoptera physalus'' *

Humpback whale The humpback whale (''Megaptera novaeangliae'') is a species of baleen whale. It is a rorqual (a member of the family Balaenopteridae) and is the only species in the genus ''Megaptera''. Adults range in length from and weigh up to . The hu ...

, ''Megaptera novaeangliae''

Delphinidae Oceanic dolphins or Delphinidae are a widely distributed family of dolphins that live in the sea. Close to forty extant species are recognised. They include several big species whose common names contain "whale" rather than "dolphin", such as the ...
-
dolphin A dolphin is an aquatic mammal within the infraorder Cetacea. Dolphin species belong to the families Delphinidae (the oceanic dolphins), Platanistidae (the Indian river dolphins), Iniidae (the New World river dolphins), Pontoporiidae (the ...
s

* Long-beaked common dolphin, ''Delphinus capensis'' *

Pygmy killer whale The pygmy killer whale (''Feresa attenuata'') is a poorly known and rarely seen oceanic dolphin. It is the only species in the genus ''Feresa''. It derives its common name from sharing some physical characteristics with the orca also known as t ...

, ''Feresa attenuata'' *

Short-finned pilot whale The short-finned pilot whale (''Globicephala macrorhynchus'') is one of the two species of cetaceans in the genus '' Globicephala'', which it shares with the long-finned pilot whale (''G. melas''). It is part of the oceanic dolphin family (Del ...

, ''Globicephala macrorhynchus'' *

Long-finned pilot whale The long-finned pilot whale (''Globicephala melas'') is a large species of oceanic dolphin. It shares the genus '' Globicephala'' with the short-finned pilot whale (''Globicephala macrorhynchus''). Long-finned pilot whales are known as such bec ...

, ''Globicephala melas'' *

Risso's dolphin Risso's dolphin (''Grampus griseus'') is a dolphin, the only species of the genus ''Grampus''. Some of the closest related species to these dolphins include: pilot whales (''Globicephala'' spp.), pygmy killer whales (''Feresa attenuata''), melon ...

, ''Grampus griseus'' *

Fraser's dolphin Fraser's dolphin or the Sarawak dolphin (''Lagenodelphis hosei'') is a cetacean in the family Delphinidae found in deep waters in the Pacific Ocean and to a lesser extent in the Indian and Atlantic Oceans. Taxonomy ''Lagenodelphis hosei'' is spe ...

, ''Lagenodelphis hosei'' *

Southern right whale dolphin The southern right whale dolphin (''Lissodelphis peronii'') is a small and slender species of cetacean, found in cool waters of the Southern Hemisphere. It is one of two species of right whale dolphin (genus ''Lissodelphis''). This genus is char ...

, ''Lissodelphis peronii'' *

Killer whale The orca or killer whale (''Orcinus orca'') is a toothed whale belonging to the oceanic dolphin family, of which it is the largest member. It is the only extant species in the genus ''Orcinus'' and is recognizable by its black-and-white ...

, ''Orcinus orca'' *

Melon-headed whale The melon-headed whale (''Peponocephala electra''), also known less commonly as the electra dolphin, little killer whale, or many-toothed blackfish, is a toothed whale of the oceanic dolphin family (Delphinidae). The common name is derived fro ...

, ''Peponocephala electra'' *

False killer whale The false killer whale (''Pseudorca crassidens'') is a species of oceanic dolphin that is the only extant representative of the genus '' Pseudorca''. It is found in oceans worldwide but mainly in tropical regions. It was first described in 184 ...

, ''Pseudorca crassidens'' *

Costero The Guiana dolphin (''Sotalia guianensis''), also known as the estuarine dolphin or costero, is a dolphin found in the coastal waters to the north and east of South America, and east of Central America. It is a member of the oceanic dolphin fami ...

, ''Sotalia guianensis'' *

Tucuxi The tucuxi (''Sotalia fluviatilis''), alternatively known in Peru ''bufeo gris'' or ''bufeo negro'', is a species of freshwater dolphin found in the rivers of the Amazon basin. The word ''tucuxi'' is derived from the Tupi language word ''tuchu ...

, ''Sotalia fluviatilis'' *

Pantropical spotted dolphin The pantropical spotted dolphin (''Stenella attenuata'') is a species of dolphin found in all the world's temperate and tropical oceans. The species was beginning to come under threat due to the killing of millions of individuals in tuna purse s ...

, ''Stenella attenuata'' * Clymene dolphin, ''Stenella clymene'' *

Striped dolphin The striped dolphin (''Stenella coeruleoalba'') is an extensively studied dolphin found in temperate and tropical waters of all the world's oceans. It is a member of the oceanic dolphin family, Delphinidae. Taxonomy The striped dolphin is one o ...

, ''Stenella coeruleoalba'' *

Spinner dolphin The spinner dolphin (''Stenella longirostris'') is a small dolphin found in off-shore tropical waters around the world. It is famous for its acrobatic displays in which it rotates around its longitudinal axis as it leaps through the air. It is a ...

, ''Stenella longirostris'' *

Rough-toothed dolphin The rough-toothed dolphin (''Steno bredanensis'') is a species of dolphin that can be found in deep warm and tropical waters around the world. The species was first described by Georges Cuvier in 1823. The genus name ''Steno'', of which this spe ...

, ''Steno bredanensis'' *

Common bottlenose dolphin The common bottlenose dolphin or Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (''Tursiops truncatus'') is a wide-ranging marine mammal of the family Delphinidae. The common bottlenose dolphin is a very familiar dolphin due to the wide exposure it gets in captiv ...

, ''Tursiops truncatus''

Phocoenidae Porpoises are a group of fully aquatic marine mammals, all of which are classified under the family Phocoenidae, parvorder Odontoceti (toothed whales). Although similar in appearance to dolphins, they are more closely related to narwhals ...
- porpoises

Burmeister's porpoise Burmeister's porpoise (''Phocoena spinipinnis'') is a species of porpoise endemic to the coast of South America. It was first described by Hermann Burmeister, for whom the species is named, in 1865. Locally it is known as ''marsopa espinosa'' (t ...

, ''Phocoena spinipinnis'' *

Spectacled porpoise The spectacled porpoise (''Phocoena dioptrica'') is a small to midsize porpoise indigenous to the Southern Ocean. It is one of the most poorly studied cetaceans, partly due to its remote range in the southern ocean. What little is known about th ...

, ''Phocoena dioptrica''

Physeteridae

* Sperm whale, ''Physeter macrocephalus''

Iniidae Iniidae is a family of river dolphins containing one living genus, ''Inia'', and four extinct genera. The extant genus inhabits the river basins of South America, but the family formerly had a wider presence across the Atlantic Ocean. Iniidae a ...
- South American river dolphins

Amazon river dolphin The Amazon river dolphin (''Inia geoffrensis''), also known as the boto, bufeo or pink river dolphin, is a species of toothed whale classified in the family Iniidae. Three subspecies are currently recognized: ''I. g. geoffrensis'' (Amazon river ...

, ''Inia geoffrensis'' * Araguaian river dolphin, ''Inia araguaiaensis''

Pontoporiidae - La Plata dolphin

* La Plata dolphin, ''Pontoporia blainvillei''

Ziphiidae Beaked whales (systematic name Ziphiidae) are a family of cetaceans noted as being one of the least known groups of mammals because of their deep-sea habitat and apparent low abundance. Only three or four of the 24 species are reasonably well-kn ...
-
beaked whale Beaked whales (systematic name Ziphiidae) are a family of cetaceans noted as being one of the least known groups of mammals because of their deep-sea habitat and apparent low abundance. Only three or four of the 24 species are reasonably well-k ...
s

* Arnoux's beaked whale, ''Berardius arnuxii'' *

Southern bottlenose whale The southern bottlenose whale (''Hyperoodon planifrons'') is a species of whale, in the Ziphiid family, one of two members of the genus ''Hyperoodon''. Seldom observed, the southern bottlenose whale is resident in Antarctic waters. The species wa ...

, ''Hyperoodon planifrons'' * Blainville's beaked whale, ''Mesoplodon densirostris'' *

Hector's beaked whale Hector's beaked whale (''Mesoplodon hectori''), is a small mesoplodont living in the Southern Hemisphere. This whale is named after Sir James Hector, a founder of the colonial museum in Wellington, New Zealand. The species has rarely been seen i ...

, ''Mesoplodon hectori'' *

Cuvier's beaked whale The Cuvier's beaked whale, goose-beaked whale, or ziphius (''Ziphius cavirostris'') is the most widely distributed of all beaked whales in the family Ziphiidae. It is smaller than most baleen whales yet large among beaked whales. Cuvier's beaked ...

, ''Ziphius cavirostris''

Sirenia The Sirenia (), commonly referred to as sea-cows or sirenians, are an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit swamps, rivers, estuaries, marine wetlands, and coastal marine waters. The Sirenia currently comprise two distinct ...

Trichechidae Trichechidae is a family of sirenians that includes all living manatees and several extinct genera. Systematics TRICHECHIDAE *MiosireninaeM. Voss. 2014. On the invalidity of Halitherium schinzii Kaup, 1838 (Mammalia, Sirenia), with comments o ...
-
manatee Manatees (family Trichechidae, genus ''Trichechus'') are large, fully aquatic, mostly herbivorous marine mammals sometimes known as sea cows. There are three accepted living species of Trichechidae, representing three of the four living speci ...
s

* Amazonian manatee, ''Trichechus inunguis'' *

West Indian manatee The West Indian manatee (''Trichechus manatus''), also known as the North American manatee, is a large, aquatic mammal native to warm coastal areas of the Caribbean, from the eastern US to northern Brazil. Living alone or in herds, it feeds on un ...

, ''Trichechus manatus'' *

Dwarf manatee The dwarf manatee (''Trichechus pygmaeus'', or mistakenly ''Trichechus bernhardi'')William. (2008). Interview with Marc van Roosmalen.' aquaticcommunity.com. Accessed November 09, 2009. is a disputed species of manatee allegedly found in the fresh ...

, ''Trichechus pygmaeus''

Perissodactyla

Tapiridae Tapirs ( ) are large, herbivorous mammals belonging to the family Tapiridae. They are similar in shape to a pig, with a short, prehensile nose trunk. Tapirs inhabit jungle and forest regions of South and Central America, with one species inhabi ...
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tapir Tapirs ( ) are large, herbivorous mammals belonging to the family Tapiridae. They are similar in shape to a pig, with a short, prehensile nose trunk. Tapirs inhabit jungle and forest regions of South and Central America, with one species inh ...
s

Brazilian tapir The South American tapir (''Tapirus terrestris''), also commonly called the Brazilian tapir (from the Tupi ''tapi'ira''), the Amazonian tapir, the maned tapir, the lowland tapir, the ''anta'' (Portuguese), and ''la sachavaca'' (literally "bushco ...

, ''Tapirus terrestris'' *

Kabomani tapir The South American tapir (''Tapirus terrestris''), also commonly called the Brazilian tapir (from the Tupi ''tapi'ira''), the Amazonian tapir, the maned tapir, the lowland tapir, the ''anta'' (Portuguese), and ''la sachavaca'' (literally "bushco ...

, ''Tapirus kabomani''

Artiodactyla The even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla , ) are ungulates—hoofed animals—which bear weight equally on two (an even number) of their five toes: the third and fourth. The other three toes are either present, absent, vestigial, or pointing poster ...

Suidae -
pig The pig (''Sus domesticus''), often called swine, hog, or domestic pig when distinguishing from other members of the genus '' Sus'', is an omnivorous, domesticated, even-toed, hoofed mammal. It is variously considered a subspecies of ''Sus ...
s

Feral hog The feral pig is a domestic pig which has gone feral, meaning it lives in the wild. They are found mostly in the Americas and Australia. Razorback and wild hog are Americanisms applied to feral pigs or boar-pig hybrids. Definition A feral pi ...

, ''Sus scrofa'' (introduced species)

Tayassuidae -
peccaries A peccary (also javelina or skunk pig) is a medium-sized, pig-like hoofed mammal of the family Tayassuidae (New World pigs). They are found throughout Central and South America, Trinidad in the Caribbean, and in the southwestern area of North ...

Collared peccary The collared peccary (''Dicotyles tajacu'') is a species of artiodactyl (even-toed) mammal in the family Tayassuidae found in North, Central, and South America. It is the only member of the genus ''Dicotyles''. They are commonly referred to as ...

, ''Dicotyles tajacu'' * Giant peccary, ''Pecari maximus'' *

White-lipped peccary The white-lipped peccary (''Tayassu pecari'') is a species of peccary found in Central and South America and the only member of the genus ''Tayassu''. Multiple subspecies have been identified. White-lipped peccaries are similar in appearance to ...

, ''Tayassu pecari''

Cervidae Deer or true deer are hoofed ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae. The two main groups of deer are the Cervinae, including the muntjac, the elk (wapiti), the red deer, and the fallow deer; and the Capreolinae, including the reind ...
-
deer Deer or true deer are hoofed ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae. The two main groups of deer are the Cervinae, including the muntjac, the elk (wapiti), the red deer, and the fallow deer; and the Capreolinae, including the re ...

Chital The chital or cheetal (''Axis axis''; ), also known as the spotted deer, chital deer, and axis deer, is a deer species native to the Indian subcontinent. It was first described and given a binomial name by German naturalist Johann Christian Po ...

or axis deer, ''Axis axis'' (introduced species) *

Marsh deer The marsh deer (''Blastocerus dichotomus'') is the largest deer species from South America reaching a length of and a shoulder height of . It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Peru, Brazil, Uruguay and Paraguay. Formerly found in much of tropical ...

, ''Blastocerus dichotomus'' *

Red brocket The red brocket (''Mazama americana'') is a species of brocket deer from forests in South America, ranging from northern Argentina to Colombia and the Guianas. It also occurs on the Caribbean island of Trinidad (it also occurred on the island ...

, ''Mazama americana'' *

Gray brocket The gray brocket (''Mazama gouazoubira''), also known as the brown brocket, is a species of brocket deer from northern Argentina, Bolivia, southern Peru, eastern and southern Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. It formerly included the Amazonian br ...

, ''Mazama gouazoubira'' *

Pygmy brocket The pygmy brocket (''Mazama nana'') is a brocket deer species from South America. It is found in southern Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay Paraguay (; ), officially the Republic of Paraguay ( es, República del Paraguay, links=no; gn, Tavaku ...

, ''Mazama nana'' *

White-tailed deer The white-tailed deer (''Odocoileus virginianus''), also known as the whitetail or Virginia deer, is a medium-sized deer native to North America, Central America, and South America as far south as Peru and Bolivia. It has also been introduced t ...

, ''Odocoileus virginianus'' *

Pampas deer The Pampas deer (''Ozotoceros bezoarticus'') is a species of deer that live in the grasslands of South America at low elevations.Geist, Valerius. Deer of the world their evolution, behaviour, and ecology'. Mechanicsburg, Pa: Stackpole Books, 1998 ...

, ''Ozotoceros bezoarticus''

Rodent Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are n ...
ia

Sciuridae Squirrels are members of the family Sciuridae, a family that includes small or medium-size rodents. The squirrel family includes tree squirrels, ground squirrels (including chipmunks and prairie dogs, among others), and flying squirrels. Squ ...
- squirrels

Amazon dwarf squirrel The Amazon dwarf squirrel (''Microsciurus flaviventer'') is a chipmunk-sized tree squirrel native to South America. Description As its name suggests, the Amazon dwarf squirrel is relatively small, with a head-body length of and a tail long. Ad ...

, ''Microsciurus flaviventer'' * Neotropical pygmy squirrel, ''Sciurillus pusillus'' * Brazilian squirrel, ''Sciurus aestuans'' * Yellow-throated squirrel, ''Sciurus gilvigularis'' * Bolivian squirrel, ''Sciurus ignitus'' * Northern Amazon red squirrel, ''Sciurus igniventris'' *

Southern Amazon red squirrel The southern Amazon red squirrel (''Sciurus spadiceus''), is a squirrel species from South America where it inhabits forests in much of north-western South America east of the Andes. Three subspecies are currently recognised. It is a dark red col ...

, ''Sciurus spadiceus''

Myocastoridae Myocastorini is a tribe of echimyid rodents, proposed in 2017, and containing the five extant genera '' Callistomys'', '' Hoplomys'', '' Myocastor'', ''Proechimys ''Proechimys'' is a genus of South American spiny rats of the family Echimyida ...

Nutria The nutria (''Myocastor coypus''), also known as the coypu, is a large, herbivorous, semiaquatic rodent. Classified for a long time as the only member of the family Myocastoridae, ''Myocastor'' is now included within Echimyidae, the family of ...

, ''Myocastor coypus''

Muridae -
Old World rat The Old World rats and mice, part of the subfamily Murinae in the Family (biology), family Muridae, comprise at least 519 species. Members of this subfamily are called murines. In terms of species richness, this subfamily is larger than all mam ...
s and allies

Norway rat The brown rat (''Rattus norvegicus''), also known as the common rat, street rat, sewer rat, wharf rat, Hanover rat, Norway rat, Norwegian rat and Parisian rat, is a widespread species of common rat. One of the largest muroids, it is a brown o ...

, ''Rattus norvegicus'' (introduced species) * Black rat, ''Rattus rattus'' (introduced species) * House mouse, ''Mus musculus'' (introduced species)

Cricetidae The Cricetidae are a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. It includes true hamsters, voles, lemmings, muskrats, and New World rats and mice. At almost 608 species, it is the second-largest family of mammals, and h ...
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New World rat The New World rats and mice are a group of related rodents found in North and South America. They are extremely diverse in appearance and ecology, ranging in from the tiny ''Baiomys'' to the large ''Kunsia''. They represent one of the few exampl ...
s and allies

*'' Abrawayaomys chebezi'' * Ruschi's rat, ''Abrawayaomys ruschii'' *

Azara's grass mouse ''Akodon azarae'', also known as Azara's akodontMusser and Carleton, 2005, p. 1093 or Azara's grass mouse, is a rodent species from South America. It is found from southernmost Brazil through Paraguay and Uruguay into eastern Argentina. It is ...

, ''Akodon azarae'' *

Cursor grass mouse The cursor grass mouse or cursorial akodont (''Akodon cursor''), is a Sigmodontinae, sigmodontine rodent from South America. Description The cursor grass mouse is a moderately sized rodent, with a head-body length of , and a tail long. Males ar ...

, ''Akodon cursor'' *

Lindbergh's grass mouse Lindbergh's grass mouse (''Akodon lindberghi'') is a rodent species from South America. It is found in Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America ...

, ''Akodon lindberghi'' *

Montane grass mouse The montane grass mouse (''Akodon montensis'') is a rodent species from South America. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay Uruguay (; ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ( es, República Oriental del Uruguay), ...

, ''Akodon montensis'' * Caparaó grass mouse, ''Akodon mystax'' *

Paraná grass mouse The Paraná grass mouse (''Akodon paranaensis'') is a South American rodent species of the family Cricetidae. It is found in northeastern Argentina and southeastern Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazi ...

, ''Akodon paranaensis'' * Reig's grass mouse, ''Akodon reigi'' * Sao Paulo grass mouse, ''Akodon sanctipaulensis'' * Serra do Mar grass mouse, ''Akodon serrensis'' * Large-lipped crimson-nosed rat, ''Bibimys labiosus'' * Brazilian shrew mouse, ''Blarinomys breviceps'' * Gray-bellied brucie, ''Brucepattersonius griserufescens'' * Red-bellied brucie, ''Brucepattersonius igniventris'' * Ihering's hocicudo, ''Brucepattersonius iheringi'' * Soricine brucie, ''Brucepattersonius soricinus'' * Large vesper mouse, ''Calomys callosus'' *''Calomys cerqueirai'' *Small vesper mouse, ''Calomys laucha'' *Delicate vesper mouse, ''Calomys tener'' *Tocantins vesper mouse, ''Calomys tocantinsi'' *''Cerradomys langguthi'' *''Cerradomys maracajuensis'' *Marinho's oryzomys, ''Cerradomys marinhus'' *Lindbergh’s oryzomys, ''Cerradomys scotti'' *Terraced rice rat, ''Cerradomys subflavus'' *''Cerradomys vivoi'' *Montane Atlantic Forest rat, ''Delomys collinus'' *Striped Atlantic Forest rat, ''Delomys dorsalis'' *Pallid Atlantic Forest rat, ''Delomys sublineatus'' *''Drymoreomys albimaculatus'' *Emmons's rice rat, ''Euryoryzomys emmonsae'' *Buffy-sided oryzomys, ''Euryoryzomys lamia'' *MacConnell's rice rat, ''Euryoryzomys macconnelli'' *Elegant rice rat, ''Euryoryzomys nitidus'' *Russet rice rat, ''Euryoryzomys russatus'' *Gray leaf-eared mouse, ''Graomys griseoflavus'' *Web-footed marsh rat, ''Holochilus brasiliensis'' *Amazonian marsh rat, ''Holochilus sciureus'' *Atlantic Forest oryzomys, ''Hylaeamys laticeps'' *Azara's broad-headed oryzomys, ''Hylaeamys megacephalus'' *Sowbug rice rat, ''Hylaeamys oniscus'' *Western Amazonian oryzomys, ''Hylaeamys perenensis'' *Yungas rice rat, ''Hylaeamys yunganus'' *''Juliomys anoblepas'' (extinct) *''Juliomys ossitenuis'' *Lesser Wilfred's mouse, ''Juliomys pictipes'' *Cleft-headed juliomys, ''Juliomys rimofrons'' *Aracuaria Forest tree mouse, ''Juliomys ximenezi'' *''Juscelinomys candango'' (extinct) *''Juscelinomys talpinus'' *Molelike mouse, ''Juscelinomys vulpinus'' *Woolly giant rat, ''Kunsia tomentosus'' *Lund's amphibious rat, ''Lundomys molitor'' *Transitional colilargo, ''Microakodontomys transitorius'' *Dubost's bristly mouse, ''Neacomys dubosti'' *Guiana bristly mouse, ''Neacomys guianae'' *Jurua bristly mouse, ''Neacomys minutus'' *Musser’s neacomys, ''Neacomys musseri'' *Paracou neacomys, ''Neacomys paracou'' *Common neacomys, ''Neacomys spinosus'' *Narrow-footed bristly mouse, ''Neacomys tenuipes'' *Hairy-tailed bolo mouse, ''Necromys lasiurus'' *Small-footed bristly mouse, ''Nectomys rattus'' *Scaly-footed water rat, ''Nectomys squamipes'' *Guianan arboreal rice rat, ''Oecomys auyantepui'' *Bicolored arboreal rice rat, ''Oecomys bicolor'' *Cleber's arboreal rice rat, ''Oecomys cleberi'' *Unicolored arboreal rice rat, ''Oecomys concolor'' *Mamore arboreal rice rat, ''Oecomys mamorae'' *Brazilian arboreal rice rat, ''Oecomys paricola'' *King arboreal rice rat, ''Oecomys rex'' *Robert's arboreal rice rat, ''Oecomys roberti'' *Trinidad arboreal rice rat, ''Oecomys trinitatis'' *Chacoan pygmy rice rat, ''Oligoryzomys chacoensis'' *Yellow pygmy rice rat, ''Oligoryzomys flavescens'' *Fulvous pygmy rice rat, ''Oligoryzomys fulvescens'' *Small-eared pygmy rice rat, ''Oligoryzomys microtis'' *''Oligoryzomys moojeni'' *Black-footed pygmy rice rat, ''Oligoryzomys nigripes'' *''Oligoryzomys rupestris'' *Straw-colored pygmy rice rat, ''Oligoryzomys stramineus'' *Amazonian hocicudo, ''Oxymycterus amazonicus'' *Angular hocicudo, ''Oxymycterus angularis'' *Caparaó hocicudo, ''Oxymycterus caparaoe'' *Hispid hocicudo, ''Oxymycterus hispidus'' *Long-nosed hocicudo, ''Oxymycterus nasutus'' *Robert's hocicudo, ''Oxymycterus roberti'' *Red hocicudo, ''Oxymycterus rufus'' *Rio de Janeiro arboreal rat, ''Phaenomys ferrugineus'' *Brazilian false rice rat, ''Pseudoryzomys simplex'' *Brazilian arboreal mouse, ''Rhagomys rufescens'' *Gardner's climbing mouse, ''Rhipidomys gardneri'' *White-footed climbing mouse, ''Rhipidomys leucodactylus'' *MacConnell's climbing mouse, ''Rhipidomys macconnelli'' *Atlantic Forest climbing mouse, ''Rhipidomys mastacalis'' *Splendid climbing mouse, ''Rhipidomys nitela'' *Waterhouse's swamp rat, ''Scapteromys tumidus'' *Ucayali spiny mouse, ''Scolomys ucayalensis'' *Alston's cotton rat, ''Sigmodon alstoni'' *Paraguayan rice rat, ''Sooretamys angouya'' *Cerrado mouse, ''Thalpomys cerradensis'' *Hairy-eared cerrado mouse, ''Thalpomys lasiotis'' *Blackish grass mouse, ''Thaptomys nigrita'' *Cerrado red-nosed mouse, ''Wiedomys cerradensis'' *Red-nosed mouse, ''Wiedomys pyrrhorhinos'' *Greater Wilfred's mouse, ''Wilfredomys oenax'' *Short-tailed cane rat, ''Zygodontomys brevicauda''

Erethizontidae - New World porcupines

*Bristle-spined porcupine, ''Chaetomys subspinosus'' *Bahia porcupine, ''Coendou insidiosus'' *Black-tailed hairy dwarf porcupine, ''Coendou melanurus'' *Black dwarf porcupine, ''Coendou nycthemera'' *Brazilian porcupine, ''Coendou prehensilis'' *Roosmalen's dwarf porcupine, ''Coendou roosmalenorum'' *Paraguaian hairy dwarf porcupine, ''Coendou spinosus''

Dinomyidae

*Pacarana, ''Dinomys branickii''

Caviidae - guinea pigs and Cavy, cavies

*Brazilian guinea pig, ''Cavia aperea'' *Shiny guinea pig, ''Cavia fulgida'' *Santa Catarina's guinea pig, ''Cavia intermedia'' *Greater guinea pig, ''Cavia magna'' *Guinea pig, ''Cavia porcellus'' *Yellow-toothed cavy, ''Galea flavidens'' *Spix's yellow-toothed cavy, ''Galea spixii'' *Acrobatic cavy, ''Kerodon acrobata'' *Rock cavy, ''Kerodon rupestris''

Hydrochaeridae

*Capybara, ''Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris''

Dasyproctidae - agoutis and acouchis

*Azara's agouti, ''Dasyprocta azarae'' *Black agouti, ''Dasyprocta fuliginosa'' *Red-rumped agouti, ''Dasyprocta leporina'' *Black-rumped agouti, ''Dasyprocta prymnolopha'' *Central American agouti, ''Dasyprocta punctata'' *Red acouchi, ''Myoprocta acouchy'' *Green acouchi, ''Myoprocta pratti''

Cuniculidae

*Lowland paca, ''Cuniculus paca''

Ctenomyidae - tuco-tucos

*Brazilian tuco-tuco, ''Ctenomys brasiliensis'' *Flamarion's tuco-tuco, ''Ctenomys flammarioni'' *Tiny tuco-tuco, ''Ctenomys minutus'' *Natterer's tuco-tuco, ''Ctenomys nattereri'' *Rondon's tuco-tuco, ''Ctenomys rondoni'' *Collared tuco-tuco, ''Ctenomys torquatus''

Echimyidae - Echimyidae, spiny rats and allies

*Painted tree-rat, ''Callistomys pictus'' *Owl's spiny rat, ''Carterodon sulcidens'' *Bishop's fossorial spiny rat, ''Clyomys bishopi'' *Broad-headed spiny rat, ''Clyomys laticeps'' *Bolivian bamboo rat, ''Dactylomys boliviensis'' *Amazon bamboo rat, ''Dactylomys dactylinus'' *White-faced spiny tree-rat, ''Echimys chrysurus'' *Giant tree-rat, ''Toromys grandis'' *Brandt's guiara, ''Euryzygomatomys guiara'' *Fischer's guiara, ''Euryzygomatomys spinosus'' *Yellow-crowned brush-tailed rat, ''Isothrix bistriata'' *Rio Negro brush-tailed rat, ''Isothrix negrensis'' *Plain brush-tailed rat, ''Isothrix pagurus'' *Atlantic bamboo rat, ''Kannabateomys amblyonyx'' *Tuft-tailed spiny tree-rat, ''Lonchothrix emiliae'' *Long-tailed armored tree-rat, ''Makalata macrura'' *Ferreira's spiny tree-rat, ''Mesomys hispidus'' *Tufted-tailed spiny tree-rat, ''Mesomys occultus'' *Pará spiny tree-rat, ''Mesomys stimulax'' *Golden Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys blainvilii'' *Orange-brown Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys brasiliensis'' *Drab Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys dasythrix'' *Kerr's Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys kerri'' *Pallid Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys lamarum'' *Lund's Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys lundi'' *Mantiqueira Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys mantiqueirensis'' *Long-furred Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys medius'' *Black-spined Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys nigrispinus'' *Rusty-sided Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys pattoni'' *Giant Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys thomasi'' *Short-furred Atlantic tree-rat, ''Phyllomys unicolor'' *Napo spiny rat, ''Proechimys quadruplicatus'' *Short-tailed spiny rat, ''Proechimys brevicauda'' *Guyenne spiny rat, ''Proechimys guyannensis'' *Cuvier's spiny rat, ''Proechimys cuvieri'' *Stiff-spine spiny rat, ''Proechimys echinothrix'' *Gardner's spiny rat, ''Proechimys gardneri'' *Goeldi's spiny rat, ''Proechimys goeldii'' *Guyanan spiny rat, ''Proechimys hoplomyoides'' *Kulina spiny rat, ''Proechimys kulinae'' *Long-tailed spiny rat, ''Proechimys longicaudatus'' *Mouse-tailed Atlantic spiny rat, ''Proechimys myosuros'' *Roberto's spiny rat, ''Proechimys roberti'' *Patton's spiny rat, ''Proechimys pattoni'' *Napo spiny rat, ''Proechimys quadruplicatus'' *Simon's spiny rat, ''Proechimys simonsi'' *Steere's spiny rat, ''Proechimys steerei'' *Common punaré, ''Thrichomys apereoides'' *White-spined Atlantic spiny rat, ''Trinomys albispinus'' *Soft-spined Atlantic spiny rat, ''Trinomys dimidiatus'' *Elias's Atlantic spiny rat, ''Trinomys eliasi'' *Gracile Atlantic spiny rat, ''Trinomys gratiosus'' *Ihering's Atlantic spiny rat, ''Trinomys iheringi'' *Dark-caped Atlantic spiny rat, ''Trinomys mirapitanga'' *Moojen's Atlantic spiny rat, ''Trinomys moojeni'' *Spiked Atlantic spiny rat, ''Trinomys paratus'' *Hairy Atlantic spiny rat, ''Trinomys setosus'' *Yonenaga's Atlantic spiny rat, ''Trinomys yonenagae''

Lagomorpha

Leporidae - rabbits and hares

*Common tapetí, ''Sylvilagus brasiliensis'' *Coastal tapetí, ''Sylvilagus tapetillus'' *European hare, ''Lepus europaeus'' (introduced species)

References

* Costa, L.P. et al. 2005. Mammal Conservation in Brazil. ''Conservation Biology'' 19 (3), pp. 672–679. * Moratelli, R., Dias, D. 2015. A new species of nectar-feeding bat, genus ''Lonchophylla'', from the Caatinga of Brazil (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae). ''ZooKeys'' 514, pp. 73–91. * Nogueira, M.R. et al. 2014. Checklist of Brazilian bats, with comments on original records. ''Check List'' 10 (4), pp. 808–821. * Rocha, P.A. et al. 2015. First record of Salvin's big-eyed bat ''Chiroderma salvini'' Dobson, 1878 for Brazil. ''Mammalia'' (in press).
natureserve.org
{{South America topic, List of mammals of Lists of mammals of Brazil,

Infraclass: Metatheria Metatheria is a mammalian clade that includes all mammals more closely related to marsupials than to placentals. First proposed by Thomas Henry Huxley in 1880, it is a more inclusive group than the marsupials; it contains all marsupials as wel ...

Order: Didelphimorphia

Infraclass: Eutheria Eutheria (; from Greek , 'good, right' and , 'beast'; ) is the clade consisting of all therian mammals that are more closely related to placentals than to marsupials. Eutherians are distinguished from noneutherians by various phenotypic tra ...

Order: Pilosa The order Pilosa is a clade of xenarthran placental mammals, native to the Americas. It includes the anteaters and sloths (which includes the extinct ground sloths). The name comes from the Latin word for "hairy". Origins and taxonomy The bi ...

Order: Cingulata Cingulata, part of the superorder Xenarthra, is an order of armored New World placental mammals. Dasypodids and chlamyphorids, the armadillos, are the only surviving families in the order. Two groups of cingulates much larger than extant ar ...

Order: Chiroptera Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more agile in flight than most bir ...

Order: Primates

Order: Carnivora

Canidae - dogs, foxes, wolves

Felidae - cats

Mephitidae Mephitidae is a family of mammals comprising the skunks and stink badgers. They are noted for the great development of their anal scent glands, which they use to deter predators. Skunks were formerly classified as a subfamily of the Mustelidae ... - skunks

Otariidae - eared seal An eared seal or otariid or otary is any member of the marine mammal family Otariidae, one of three groupings of pinnipeds. They comprise 15 extant species in seven genera (another species became extinct in the 1950s) and are commonly known eith ...s

Phocidae - earless seal The earless seals, phocids or true seals are one of the three main groups of mammals within the seal lineage, Pinnipedia. All true seals are members of the family Phocidae (). They are sometimes called crawling seals to distinguish them from th ...s

Cetacea

Balaenidae - right whales

Balaenopteridae - rorquals

Phocoenidae Porpoises are a group of fully aquatic marine mammals, all of which are classified under the family Phocoenidae, parvorder Odontoceti (toothed whales). Although similar in appearance to dolphins, they are more closely related to narwhals ... - porpoises

Physeteridae

Iniidae Iniidae is a family of river dolphins containing one living genus, ''Inia'', and four extinct genera. The extant genus inhabits the river basins of South America, but the family formerly had a wider presence across the Atlantic Ocean. Iniidae a ... - South American river dolphins

Pontoporiidae - La Plata dolphin

Sirenia The Sirenia (), commonly referred to as sea-cows or sirenians, are an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit swamps, rivers, estuaries, marine wetlands, and coastal marine waters. The Sirenia currently comprise two distinct ...

Perissodactyla

Artiodactyla The even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla , ) are ungulates—hoofed animals—which bear weight equally on two (an even number) of their five toes: the third and fourth. The other three toes are either present, absent, vestigial, or pointing poster ...

Suidae - pig The pig (''Sus domesticus''), often called swine, hog, or domestic pig when distinguishing from other members of the genus '' Sus'', is an omnivorous, domesticated, even-toed, hoofed mammal. It is variously considered a subspecies of ''Sus ...s

Tayassuidae - peccaries A peccary (also javelina or skunk pig) is a medium-sized, pig-like hoofed mammal of the family Tayassuidae (New World pigs). They are found throughout Central and South America, Trinidad in the Caribbean, and in the southwestern area of North ...

Rodent Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are n ...ia

Sciuridae Squirrels are members of the family Sciuridae, a family that includes small or medium-size rodents. The squirrel family includes tree squirrels, ground squirrels (including chipmunks and prairie dogs, among others), and flying squirrels. Squ ... - squirrels

Myocastoridae Myocastorini is a tribe of echimyid rodents, proposed in 2017, and containing the five extant genera '' Callistomys'', '' Hoplomys'', '' Myocastor'', ''Proechimys ''Proechimys'' is a genus of South American spiny rats of the family Echimyida ...

Muridae - Old World rat The Old World rats and mice, part of the subfamily Murinae in the Family (biology), family Muridae, comprise at least 519 species. Members of this subfamily are called murines. In terms of species richness, this subfamily is larger than all mam ...s and allies

Erethizontidae - New World porcupines

Dinomyidae

Caviidae - guinea pigs and Cavy, cavies

Hydrochaeridae

Dasyproctidae - agoutis and acouchis

Cuniculidae

Ctenomyidae - tuco-tucos

Echimyidae - Echimyidae, spiny rats and allies

Lagomorpha

Leporidae - rabbits and hares

See also

References

Infraclass:
Metatheria Metatheria is a mammalian clade that includes all mammals more closely related to marsupials than to placentals. First proposed by Thomas Henry Huxley in 1880, it is a more inclusive group than the marsupials; it contains all marsupials as wel ...

Infraclass:
Eutheria Eutheria (; from Greek , 'good, right' and , 'beast'; ) is the clade consisting of all therian mammals that are more closely related to placentals than to marsupials. Eutherians are distinguished from noneutherians by various phenotypic tra ...

Order:
Pilosa The order Pilosa is a clade of xenarthran placental mammals, native to the Americas. It includes the anteaters and sloths (which includes the extinct ground sloths). The name comes from the Latin word for "hairy". Origins and taxonomy The bi ...

Order:
Cingulata Cingulata, part of the superorder Xenarthra, is an order of armored New World placental mammals. Dasypodids and chlamyphorids, the armadillos, are the only surviving families in the order. Two groups of cingulates much larger than extant ar ...

Order:
Chiroptera Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more agile in flight than most bir ...

Mephitidae Mephitidae is a family of mammals comprising the skunks and stink badgers. They are noted for the great development of their anal scent glands, which they use to deter predators. Skunks were formerly classified as a subfamily of the Mustelidae ...
- skunks

Otariidae -
eared seal An eared seal or otariid or otary is any member of the marine mammal family Otariidae, one of three groupings of pinnipeds. They comprise 15 extant species in seven genera (another species became extinct in the 1950s) and are commonly known eith ...
s

Phocidae -
earless seal The earless seals, phocids or true seals are one of the three main groups of mammals within the seal lineage, Pinnipedia. All true seals are members of the family Phocidae (). They are sometimes called crawling seals to distinguish them from th ...
s

Phocoenidae Porpoises are a group of fully aquatic marine mammals, all of which are classified under the family Phocoenidae, parvorder Odontoceti (toothed whales). Although similar in appearance to dolphins, they are more closely related to narwhals ...
- porpoises

Iniidae Iniidae is a family of river dolphins containing one living genus, ''Inia'', and four extinct genera. The extant genus inhabits the river basins of South America, but the family formerly had a wider presence across the Atlantic Ocean. Iniidae a ...
- South American river dolphins

Suidae -
pig The pig (''Sus domesticus''), often called swine, hog, or domestic pig when distinguishing from other members of the genus '' Sus'', is an omnivorous, domesticated, even-toed, hoofed mammal. It is variously considered a subspecies of ''Sus ...
s

Tayassuidae -
peccaries A peccary (also javelina or skunk pig) is a medium-sized, pig-like hoofed mammal of the family Tayassuidae (New World pigs). They are found throughout Central and South America, Trinidad in the Caribbean, and in the southwestern area of North ...

Rodent Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are n ...
ia

Sciuridae Squirrels are members of the family Sciuridae, a family that includes small or medium-size rodents. The squirrel family includes tree squirrels, ground squirrels (including chipmunks and prairie dogs, among others), and flying squirrels. Squ ...
- squirrels

Muridae -
Old World rat The Old World rats and mice, part of the subfamily Murinae in the Family (biology), family Muridae, comprise at least 519 species. Members of this subfamily are called murines. In terms of species richness, this subfamily is larger than all mam ...
s and allies