The list of Lithuanian gods is reconstructed based on scarce written sources and late folklore. Lithuania converted to Christianity in 1387, but elements of Lithuanian mythology survived into the 19th century. The earliest written sources, authored by foreigners and Christians, only briefly mention the Lithuanian gods. Beginning in the 16th century, the pagan religion received more attention from authors, but often their accounts were confused, contradictory, and heavily influenced by various religious agendas. Collection and recording of folklore began in the 19th century, by which time the pagan mythology had become fragmented and mixed with Christian traditions. The cults of old deities transformed into folklore (individual tales, myths, songs, etc.) without associated rituals. Because of such difficulties obtaining data, there is no accepted list of Lithuanian gods. Different authors present wildly contradictory reconstructions of the Lithuanian pantheon.

Names from folklore myths and legends

This section includes the names of gods, divine or demonic beings, and other personages from Lithuanian myths, legends, folklore, and fairy-tales.

Gods and goddesses

* Ašvieniai, the divine twins who pulled the chariot of the Sun (the Vedic

Ashwins The Ashvins ( sa, अश्विन्, Aśvin, horse possessors), also known as Ashwini Kumara and Asvinau,, §1.42. are Hindu twin gods associated with medicine, health, dawn and sciences. In the ''Rigveda'', they are described as youthful div ...

). *

Aušrinė Aušrinė ("dawning", not to be confused with ''Aušra'', "dawn") is a feminine deity of the morning star (Venus) in the Lithuanian mythology. She is the antipode to "Vakarinė", the evening star. Her cult possibly stems from that of the Indo-E ...

, the Morning Star, a goddess, a daughter of the God ("dievaitė"). She was the goddess of the morning. Alternatively her name is given as Aušra ("dawn"). Ushas in Vedic religion. *Auštaras (Auštra), the god of the northeast wind, who stands at the gates of paradise and lights the way for those going to paradise. His function of shining this beacon makes him similar to

; some consider him to be her cousin. * Bangpūtys, the god of the seas and storms ––he is two-faced like the Roman god

Janus In ancient Roman religion and myth, Janus ( ; la, Ianvs ) is the god of beginnings, gates, transitions, time, duality, doorways, passages, frames, and endings. He is usually depicted as having two faces. The month of January is named for Janu ...

. * Dalia, goddess of fate and weaving. *Deivės Valdytojos (Lithuanian: ''Governing Goddesses''), were the goddesses who made garments from human's lives. They were seven sisters: Verpiančioji (who spun the threads of life), Metančioji (who threw rims of life), Audėja (the weaver), Gadintoja (who broke the thread), Sergėtoja (who scolded Gadintoja, and instigated war between people), Nukirpėja (who cut the cloth of life), and Išskalbėja (the laundress). They have similarities with the Greek Fates and the Norse

Norns The Norns ( non, norn , plural: ) are deities in Norse mythology responsible for shaping the course of human destinies.'' Nordisk familjebok'' (1907) In the ''Völuspá'', the three primary Norns Urðr (Wyrd), Verðandi, and Skuld draw wate ...

. Deivės Valdytojos were associated with Dalia and Laima. * Dievas, ("God"), the supreme deity *Dievas Senelis ("God Old Man"), a teacher of people and judge of their morality. He looks like an old traveling beggar. Dievas Senelis is proficient at magic and medicine. Epithet of Dievas. * Gabija, the foster of the Holy Fire, a goddess, a daughter of Dievas ("dievaitė"). * Laima, goddess of Fate and pregnant women. *Mėnuo, the Moon, a son of Dievas ("dievaitis"). * Perkūnas, the Thunder, the main god. ("dievaitis") ( Parjanya/

Indra Indra (; Sanskrit: इन्द्र) is the king of the devas (god-like deities) and Svarga (heaven) in Hindu mythology. He is associated with the sky, lightning, weather, thunder, storms, rains, river flows, and war. volumes/ref> I ...

in Vedic religion). *Praamžius, Praamžis, Pramšans, Pramžimas, Praamžimas, an

epithet An epithet (, ), also byname, is a descriptive term (word or phrase) known for accompanying or occurring in place of a name and having entered common usage. It has various shades of meaning when applied to seemingly real or fictitious people, di ...

of Dievas (the chief god); probably of later literary origin."Praamžius". Mitologijos enciklopedija, vol. 2. Vilnius. Vaga. 1999. 291 p. * Saulė, the Sun Goddess (

Surya Surya (; sa, सूर्य, ) is the sun as well as the solar deity in Hinduism. He is traditionally one of the major five deities in the Smarta tradition, all of whom are considered as equivalent deities in the Panchayatana puja and a m ...

in Vedic religion) *Vakarinė, goddess of the Evening Star. *Vėjopatis, god of the wind and master of Dausos (paradise) * Žemyna, goddess, the deified soil ( Thracian ''Zemele;'' Zamin in Persian and Hindi for "land"). *Žvaigždės ( singular: žvaigždė), stars. Saulė (the sun) is their mother and sometimes with the Moon as their father. One of the most important stars is

. Other stars, Aušrinė's sisters, are less important, but they sometimes appear in mythic stories too. Especially notable ones are Vakarinė or Vakarė (the evening Venus, who makes the bed for Saulė), ''Indraja'' (Jupiter), ''Sėlija'' (Saturn), ''Žiezdrė'' (Mars), and ''Vaivora'' (Mercury).

Heroes and heroines

*Pajauta, the legendary princess of Kernavė * Jūratė and Kastytis are heroes of a Lithuanian legend, which subsequently became popular, mostly because of its modern poetic interpretation by Maironis. The queen of the amber palace

Jūratė Jūratė is a Lithuanian female given name. People named Jūratė include: *Jūratė Kiaupienė (born 1947), Lithuanian historian * Jūratė Ladavičiūtė (born 1985), Lithuanian freestyle swimmer * Jūratė Trimakaitė (born 1987), Lithuanian ...

may be considered a manifestation of the goddess of Sea in this legend.

Local and nature spirits

*Ežerinis, a spirit of lakes *Javinė, a household goddess who protects

grain A grain is a small, hard, dry fruit (caryopsis) – with or without an attached hull layer – harvested for human or animal consumption. A grain crop is a grain-producing plant. The two main types of commercial grain crops are cereals and legum ...

in barns. *Jievaras, a household spirit who protects grain. Sacrifices to Jievaras are made after the

rye Rye (''Secale cereale'') is a grass grown extensively as a grain, a cover crop and a forage crop. It is a member of the wheat tribe (Triticeae) and is closely related to both wheat (''Triticum'') and barley (genus ''Hordeum''). Rye grain is u ...

harvest. While cutting grain, women would leave a few grain tufts uncut, which would later be braided into plaits. They would also leave some bread and salt under the plait, and would say: ''Davei manei, Žemele, duodame ir tau'' ( ougave for us, Mother Earth, we are giving for you too), a request for the land to continue to be fruitful. *Kupolė, the spirit of springtime vegetation and flowers. The Festival of Kupolė (Kupolinės) was associated with Feast of

St. John the Baptist John the Baptist or , , or , ;Wetterau, Bruce. ''World history''. New York: Henry Holt and Company. 1994. syc, ܝܘܿܚܲܢܵܢ ܡܲܥܡܕ݂ܵܢܵܐ, Yoḥanān Maʿmḏānā; he, יוחנן המטביל, Yohanān HaMatbil; la, Ioannes Bapti ...

( Joninės). In this festival, women picked sacral herbs, danced and sang songs. Kupolinės is also known as Rasos. Compare this with Ziedu māte in Latvian mythology, Kupala in Polish mythology and Ivan Kupala in Russian mythology *Laukų dvasios (spirits of fields), spirits, who were running through the fields. When crops in the fields waved in the wind, people saw them as being the actions of spirits. Laukų dvasios include Nuogalis, Kiškis (hare), Meška (bear), Lapė (fox), Katinas (tomcat), Bubis, Bubas, Bubė,

Baubas The list of Lithuanian gods is reconstructed based on scarce written sources and late folklore. Lithuania converted to Christianity in 1387, but elements of Lithuanian mythology survived into the 19th century. The earliest written sources, author ...

, Babaužis, Bobas, Maumas (bugaboo), Raudongalvis (red-headed), Raudongerklis (red-throated), Žaliaakis (green-eyed), Paplėštakis, Guda, Dizikas, Smauglys (boa), Ruginis (spirit of rye), Papiokė, Pypalas, Žebris, Arklys (horse), Vilkas (wolf). *Upinis, a spirit of rivers

Various lower beings

*Kaukas, spirits similar to leprechauns. * Laumė, a fairy-like female creature ( pixies). Described as white and blue as the sky itself. Good spirit, very friendly with the Earth and Nature gods. However, if anyone tried to use them for personal gain, their punishment would be severe. *Nykštukas,

gnome A gnome is a mythological creature and diminutive spirit in Renaissance magic and alchemy, first introduced by Paracelsus in the 16th century and later adopted by more recent authors including those of modern fantasy literature. Its characte ...

s. *Vėlės, spirits of dead human beings.

"Demonic" beings

Aitvaras Aitvaras is a nature spirit in Lithuanian mythology. It is also known by other names, such as Atvaras, Damavykas, Pūkis, Sparyžius, Koklikas, Gausinėlis, Žaltvikšas, and Spirukas, and is identical to the Latvian Pūķis. An Aitvaras looks ...

, a household spirit bringing both good and bad luck *Baubas, an evil spirit with long lean arms, wrinkly fingers and red eyes. He harasses people and tears their hair or stifles them. To children, he is the equivalent of the boogeyman of the English-speaking countries. A misbehaving child could be told by the parents: "Behave, or baubas will come and get you". Also it could be described as a black and dark creature living under the carpet or in some dark spot of the house. *Giltinė – goddess of death, also The Reaper. Other names include Kaulinyčia, Maras (

black death The Black Death (also known as the Pestilence, the Great Mortality or the Plague) was a bubonic plague pandemic occurring in Western Eurasia and North Africa from 1346 to 1353. It is the most fatal pandemic recorded in human history, causi ...

or the Plague), Maro mergos, Kolera, Pavietrė, Kapinių žmogus. Her sacred bird is the owl. Sometimes she was considered to be a sister of Laima (luck). *Ragana, a forest-dwelling witch. *Slogutis means pain, misery or nightmare. Also can mean fear or bad feelings. *Pinčiukas, devil, not the pure evil being of Christianity, but a trickster. Earlier - dweller or even god of bogs and marshes. *Žiburinis, a scary forest spirit that appears as a phosphorescent skeleton.

Holy places and things

*Dausos or Dangus, the home of good souls. Dausos is on a high mountain ( Latvian Debeskalns, or Norse Valhalla), between two rivers. There are golden apple-trees in the Dausos garden. Day in the garden is perpetual but outside its confines is perpetual night. Master of Dausos is Vėjopatis (Lord of the wind) or Vėjas (Wind) who is also one of the oldest gods in Lithuanian mythology. Vėjas is identical to Vayu of Hinduism. Auštaras and Vėjopatis are keepers of Dausos's gates (Dausų Vartai). While Auštaras shows the way for good souls, Vėjas (Vėjopatis) blows bad souls into oblivion.

Names by written sources

Earliest Rus' chronicles

Some names from Lithuanian mythology are also found in Kievan Rus' chronicles of the 13th century. These deities were secretly worshiped by King of Lithuania Mindaugas after his baptism. Rus' chronicles are considered the best source of information about the ancient Lithuanian pantheon worshiped by nobles and the military. *

Sovijus Sovij ( lt, Sovijus) is a character in a Baltic mythology, Baltic myth recorded in the Russian translation of ''Chronography'' by the Byzantine chronicler John Malalas (1261). According to the myth, Sovij was the instigator of the ancient Baltic tra ...

in 13th-century Rus' chronicles was a person who introduced the pagan custom of burning bodies after death, according to studies by Gintaras Beresnevičius. *Žvoruna (Zvoruna) was a

euphemism A euphemism () is an innocuous word or expression used in place of one that is deemed offensive or suggests something unpleasant. Some euphemisms are intended to amuse, while others use bland, inoffensive terms for concepts that the user wishes ...

for the hunting and forest goddess like Roman

Diana Diana most commonly refers to: * Diana (name), a given name (including a list of people with the name) * Diana (mythology), ancient Roman goddess of the hunt and wild animals; later associated with the Moon * Diana, Princess of Wales (1961–1997) ...

. Her name is connected with wild animals. There was mentioned in chronicle that she is a bitch, it means that her zoomorphic shape is female dog. * Medeina (Medeinė) is another euphemism of the hunting and forest goddess. Medeina also was mentioned in the 16th century by J. Lasicki. She was worshiped by King Mindaugas and represented military interest of warriors. *Teliavelis (Televelis) was a powerful smith who made the sun and threw it to the sky. This myth survived in folk tales in the beginning of the 20th century. Some scholars, like K. Būga, tried to prove that Televelis is incorrectly written Kalvelis (smith diminutive in Lithuanian). Teliavelis has connections with Finnish

Ilmarinen Ilmarinen (), the Eternal Hammerer, blacksmith and inventor in the ''Kalevala'', is a god and archetypal artificer from Finnish mythology. He is immortal and capable of creating practically anything, but is portrayed as being unlucky in love. He i ...

. *Andajus (Andajas, Andojas, etc.) was mentioned in medieval chronicles as the supreme deity. It may be euphemism for Dievas. It is mentioned in chronicle that warriors invoke Andajus in battle. *Nonadievis (Nunadievis; etimologized by some scholars as Numadievis) is an incorrectly written name of the supreme god or just another euphemism. *Perkūnas was the god of thunder, one of the most powerful deities. Perkūnas survived in popular belief and folk tales until the 20th century. *Diviriks is thought to be one of Perkūnas' euphemisms, meaning "leader of gods".

Martynas Mažvydas

Martynas Mažvydas in his Latin introduction to ''Catechismusa Prasty Szadei'' (1547) urged the people to abandon their pagan ways and mentioned the following gods: * Perkūnas (Percuno) – god of thunder *Laukosargas (Laucosargus) – god of grains and other agricultural plants *Žemėpatis (Semepates) – god of cattle and other farm animals *Aitvaras and kaukas (Eithuaros and Caucos) – evil spirits

Maciej Stryjkowski

Maciej Stryjkowski (1547–1593) – Polish–Lithuanian historian and author of ''Chronicle of Poland, Lithuania, Samogitia and all Russia''. In this work, Stryjkowski provided two lists of gods, one

Old Prussia Prussia (Old Prussian: ''Prūsa''; german: Preußen; lt, Prūsija; pl, Prusy; russian: Пруссия, tr=Prussiya, ''/Prussia/Borussia'') is a historical region in Europe on the south-eastern coast of the Baltic Sea, that ranges from the Vis ...

n and another Lithuanian. He listed 16 Lithuanian gods: #Prakorimas (Prokorimos) – the supreme deity. Stryjkowski elaborated that people used to sacrifice white cocks to Prakorimas. Their flesh was divided into three pieces: one for peasants, another for pagan priests (Lithuanian: ''žynys''), and a third for burning. Stryjkowski pointed out that Prakorimas was similar to the Prussian supreme god Okopirmas. #Rūgutis (Ruguczis) – god of fermentation and fermented foods #Žemininkas (Ziemennik) – god of land and agriculture. The cult of the žaltys (grass snake) is associated with the cult of Žemininkas. #Krūminė (Kruminie Pradziu Warpu) – deity of ears, provider of crops #Lietuvonis (Lituwanis) – god of rain #Kauriraris (Chaurirari) – deity of war and warhorses. The name etymology is unclear. Vladimir Toporov suggested that it is derived from the Lithuanian word ''kaurai'' (fur), while Wilhelm Mannhardt argued it stems from ''karas'' (war). #Sutvaras (Sotwaros) – god of all cattle #Šeimos dievas (Seimi Dewos) – god of family #Upinis dievas (Upinis Dewos) – god of rivers #Bubilas – god of honey and bees #Didis Lado (Dzidzis Lado) – the great god. Festivities, songs, and dances in his honor lasted from May 25 to June 25. There are doubts whether this represents an actual god. #Gulbis (Gulbi Dzievos) – the good spirit of every human, guardian angel #Ganiklis (Goniglis Dziewos) – god of herds and shepherds #Šventpaukštinis (Swieczpunscynis) – god of all domesticated and wild birds. People did not offer sacrifices to him as he was a free spirit. #Kelių dievas (Kielu Dziewos) – god of roads, trade and travel #Pušaitis or Puškaitis (Puszajtis) – deity of land, dwelling in elder bushes and commanding

chthonic The word chthonic (), or chthonian, is derived from the Ancient Greek word ''χθών, "khthon"'', meaning earth or soil. It translates more directly from χθόνιος or "in, under, or beneath the earth" which can be differentiated from Γῆ ...

dwarfs (barstukas)

Jan Łasicki

Jan Łasicki Jan Łasicki ( la, Johannis Lasitii or Lasicius; 1534–1602) was a Polish historian and theologian. He was well-educated and traveled extensively in Western Europe from 1556 to 1581. Around 1557 he converted to Calvinism, becoming a follower of th ...

(Lasicius) was a Polish Protestant activist. He wrote a treatise on

idolatry Idolatry is the worship of a cult image or "idol" as though it were God. In Abrahamic religions (namely Judaism, Samaritanism, Christianity, the Baháʼí Faith, and Islam) idolatry connotes the worship of something or someone other than the A ...

''About the gods of Samogitians, other Sarmatians, and false Christians'' (''De diis Samagitarum caeterorumque Sarmatarum et falsorum Christianorum'', written ca. 1582 and published in 1615). This 18-page treatise contained a lists of 76 Lithuanian gods with brief description of their functions. Łasicki obtained most of his information from Łaszkowski, a Polish lesser noble who worked as a royal land surveyor. The list contained very minor deities, representing everyday household items. Łasicki was also not intimately familiar with Lithuanian culture or language. Therefore, the academic opinion on the list ranges from a valuable resource to a practical joke designed to poke fun of

Christian saints In religious belief, a saint is a person who is recognized as having an exceptional degree of holiness, likeness, or closeness to God. However, the use of the term ''saint'' depends on the context and denomination. In Catholic, Eastern Ortho ...

through an inverted mirror. Deities mentioned by Jan Łasicki were: # Aukštėjas (Auxtheias Vissagistis) – a

for the supreme god. Derived from the Lithuanian word ''aukštas'' (high). # Žemėpatis (Zemopacios) # Perkūnas (Percunos) – god of thunder # Audros – god of storms # Algis # Aušra (Ausca) – the morning star ( Venus). Her other name was

. # Bežlėja (Bezlea) # Brėkšta (Breksta) – goddess of twilight. Also could be a euphemism for Vakarė. # Ligyčius (Ligiczus) # Datanus # Kirnis (Kirnus) – local god of cherries # Kremata – god of hogs # Pyzius (Pizio) – god of spouses # Medeina (Modeina et Ragaina) – goddess of forest and hunting # Kerpyčius and Šilinytis (Kierpiczus and Siliniczus) – gods of forest,

moss Mosses are small, non-vascular flowerless plants in the taxonomic division Bryophyta (, ) '' sensu stricto''. Bryophyta (''sensu lato'', Schimp. 1879) may also refer to the parent group bryophytes, which comprise liverworts, mosses, and hor ...

es and

lichen A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Gintaras Beresnevičius noted that this deity could be the same as medieval Teliavelis. # Orthus # Ežerinis (Ezernim) – spirit or deity of lakes. Derived from ''ežeras'' (lake). # Sidžius, Simonaitis and Ventis Rekičionis (Simonaitem, Sidzium, Ventis Rekicziouum) – spirits worshiped by individual noble families # Karvaitis Ėraitinis (Kurvvaiczin Eraiczin) – deity of calves and lambs # Gardūnytis (Gardunithis) – protector of newly born lambs # Prigirstytis (Prigirstitis) – can hear whispers # Derintojas (Derfintos) # Bentis # Laukpatis (Lavukpatimo) # Priparšis (Priparscis) # Ratainyčia (Ratainicza) – god of horses # Valgina (Walgina) – god of cattle # Krikštas (Kriksthos) – protector of tombstones # Apydėmė (Apidome) – deity of changed residence. The name is also known from hand-written collection of sermons from 1573. # Kriukis (Krukis) – deity of pigs # Lazdona (Lasdona) – goddess of hazelnuts # Bubilas (Babilos) – household god of

bee Bees are winged insects closely related to wasps and ants, known for their roles in pollination and, in the case of the best-known bee species, the western honey bee, for producing honey. Bees are a monophyly, monophyletic lineage within the ...

s, husband of Austėja # Žemyna (Zemina) – goddess of land and agriculture # Austėja (Austheia) – household goddess of bees, often presented as wife of Bubilas # Deuoitis # Vetustis # Guboi and Tvverticos # Veliuona (Vielona) – goddess of death # Warpulis # Salaus – no function recorded by Łasicki. # Šluotražis (Szlotrazis) – no function recorded by Łasicki. The name is derived from ''šluota'' (broom). # Tiklis – no function recorded by Łasicki. # Beržulis (Birzulis) – no function recorded by Łasicki. Based on etymology, it could be a god of birches and birch sap. # Šeryčius (Siriczus) – no function recorded by Łasicki. The name is possibly derived from ''šerti'' (feed). # Dvargantis (Dvvargonth) – no function recorded by Łasicki. # Klamals – no function recorded by Łasicki. # Atlaibas (Atlaibos) – no function recorded by Łasicki. # Numeias # Ublanyčia (Vblanicza) – patron of beggars # Dugnai – spirit of flour # Pesseias # Trotytojas kibirkščių (Tratitas Kirbixtu) – deity of spark, fire # Alabathis # Polengabia # Užpelenė (Aspelenie) # Budintojas (Budintaia) # Matergabiae # Raugo Žemėpatis (Rauguzemapati) – deity of sourdough, leaven and fermentation # Luibegeldas # Ziemennik # Vaižgantas (Waizganthos) – a god of flax # Gabija (Gabie) – goddess of household fire # Smik smik per velėną (Smik Smik Perleuenu) – a phrase rather than a being # Ežiagalis (Ezagulis) – god of death # Aitvaras (Aitvvaros) # Kaukas (Kaukie) # Gyvatė (Giuoitos) – black snake (see also žaltys) # Srutis and Miechutele – deities of paint and color

Matthäus Prätorius

Deities mentioned by Matthäus Prätorius (1635–1704) were: * Žalius (Zallus) – god of disagreement * Žėlius (Zelus) – god of grass * Šulininis (Szullinnijs) – god of wells * Bangpūtys, Vėjopatis, Bičbirbis, Giltinė, Gota, Jaučių Baubis, Karvaitis, Ėraitis, Skalsa, Biržulis / Beržulis, Prigirstytis / Girystis, Ligyčius / Lygėjus, Kelio dievas / Kelukis * Drebkulis and Magyla - Prussian Lithuanian * Gabjauja (Gabvartas)

Theodor Narbutt

Polish-Lithuanian historian Theodor Narbutt wrote the ten-volume work ''History of the Lithuanian Nation'' (''Dzieje starożytne narodu litewskiego'') between 1835 and 1841. The first volume contained a description of Lithuanian mythology. However, modern historians have accused Narbutt of falsifying historical facts and reporting speculations. Thus, some gods mentioned only by Narbutt and unknown from other sources are usually treated as inventions of the author.

Male deities

*Praamžius (Pramżimas) – highest god, determines the fate of people, world, and other gods *Ukapirmas (Okkapirmas) – preceded time, his feast is celebrated on December 25 *Viršaitis (Wirszajtos) – protected household, domestic animals. Narbutt claimed that he was equivalent to Auxtejas Wissagistis mentioned by Łasicki and to Roman

Saturn Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second-largest in the Solar System, after Jupiter. It is a gas giant with an average radius of about nine and a half times that of Earth. It has only one-eighth the average density of Earth; h ...

* Perkūnas (Perkunas) – thunder god *Kovas (Kawas) – god of war *Ragutis – god of beer, vodka, mead *Santvaras or Sotvaras (Sotwaros) – god of daylight, poets, doctors *Atrimpas (Atrimpos) – god of sea and water *Gardaitis (Gardeoldiis) – god of wind, storm, protector of ships *Poklius (Poklus) – god of death and underworld *Kriukis (Krugis) – god of smiths *Žiemininkas (Ziemienikas) – god of earth, harvest, and darkness *Patelas (Patelo) – flying god of air, similar to an angel *Šneibratas (Sznejbrato) – god of birds and hunting *Kibirai (Kabiry) – a trinity

Female deities

*Praurimė (Praurime) – goddess of sacred fire, she was served by vaidilutės *Lada (Lado) – the great goddess, Rasos festival is dedicated to her *Budtė (Budte) – goddess of wisdom *Laima (Lajma) – goddess of fate *Pelenų Gabija (Polengabia) – goddess of fireplaces *Moterų Gabija (Matergabia) – goddess of bread and bakery * Perkūnaitėlė (Perkunatele) – wife of Perkūnas *Pilvytė (Pilwite) – goddess of money, riches, and good luck *Lietuva (Liethua) – goddess of freedom, pleasure, joy *Veliuona (Wellona) – goddess of eternity, afterlife *Pergrubė (Pergrubie) – goddess of spring, flowers, gardens * Milda – goddess of love, courtship *Krūminė (Krumine) – goddess of grain, agriculture *Nijolė (Nijola) – mistress of the underworld, wife of Poklius *Alabatis – goddess of flax *Aušra (Ausssra) – morning goddess *Bezelea – evening goddess *Brėkšta (Brekszta) – goddess of darkness and dreams *Kruonis (Kronis) – goddess of time *Užsparinė (Usparinia) – goddess of land borders *Verpėja (Werpeja) – weaver of the thread of life *Gondu – goddess of weddings *Upinė (Upine) – goddess of rivers, springs *Ratainyčia (Ratajniczu) – goddess protecting horses *Valginė (Walgina) – goddess protecting domestic animals *Luobo gelda (Lajbegelda) – goddess of knowledge and rumors *Mėšlų boba (Mahslu baba) – goddess of garbage *Budintoja – spirit that wakes sleeping people *Austėja (Austheja) – goddess of bees *Ragutiene Pati (Ragutenapati) – wife of Ragutis *Žemės Motina (Zemmes mahti) – goddess of underground, responsible for lost items *Gaila (Gajla) – spirit torturing people and animals *Neris – nymph of Neris River *Dugnė (Dugna) – nymph of rivers *Ragana – goddess of trees *Lazdona – goddess of hazelnut *Medziojna – goddess of forests *Pajauta – worshiped woman, daughter of Duke

Kernius The Palemonids were a legendary dynasty of Grand Dukes of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The legend was born in the 15th or 16th century as proof that Lithuanians and the Grand Duchy are of Ancient Rome, Roman origins. Already Jan Długosz (1415� ...

, wife of

Živinbudas Živinbudas was one of the five senior Lithuanian dukes mentioned in the treaty with Halych-Volhynia in 1219. The treaty lists a total of 21 dukes, five of them being elder or superior. Since Živinbudas is mentioned first in the list, it is pre ...

* Birutė (Biruta) – worshiped woman, wife of Kęstutis

Other written sources

This section contains those names of Lithuanian and Prussian gods or other mythical beings that are mentioned in old treatises on history or philosophy, sometimes accompanied by brief descriptions, and which are known from a few independent sources or from their counterparts under different names in later collections of myths and tales. *Dimstipatis (mentioned by Jokūbas Lavinskis), is a masculine deity (

genius loci In classical Roman religion, a ''genius loci'' (plural ''genii locorum'') was the protective spirit of a place. It was often depicted in religious iconography as a figure holding attributes such as a cornucopia, patera (libation bowl) or snake. ...

). It is a household god, the guardian of

house A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air condi ...

s and caretaker of the hearth. People sacrificed roosters and black hens to the deity. The birds were boiled; later people would gather around the kettle and eat the birds. The bones were burned. Sometimes Dimstipatis is reconstructed as a god of housewives, to whom pigs were

sacrifice Sacrifice is the offering of material possessions or the lives of animals or humans to a deity as an act of propitiation or worship. Evidence of ritual animal sacrifice has been seen at least since ancient Hebrews and Greeks, and possibly exi ...

d. Dimstipatis was also seen as a power protecting from fires. * Dirvolika, Nosolus (Jesuit reports from 1605) *Pagirnis (Jesuit reports from 1605) *Baukuris (Kraziu kolegijos) *Velinas (mentioned by Konstantinas Sirvydas) *Javinė (Jawinne by

Jacob Brodowski Jacob (; ; ar, يَعْقُوب, Yaʿqūb; gr, Ἰακώβ, Iakṓb), later given the name Israel, is regarded as a patriarch of the Israelites and is an important figure in Abrahamic religions, such as Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Jac ...

) *Laima ( Daniel Klein in 1666)

Other names

Names of figures that were more marginal in Lithuanian mythology or less known from existing sources are put here. In fact they denote some spirits or local deities that do not play a main role in the mythology of Lithuanians. *Blizgulis, a god of snow. His name means "He who sparkles." *Junda, Goddess of War *Baubis, a household god of meat and cattle. *Divytis, a god-like hero of fishermen legends. Fishermen at sea sang songs about Divytis. *Gardaitis, a god (a spirit?) of ships and sailors. *Jagaubis, a household spirit of fire and the

furnace A furnace is a structure in which heat is produced with the help of combustion. Furnace may also refer to: Appliances Buildings * Furnace (central heating): a furnace , or a heater or boiler , used to generate heat for buildings * Boiler, used t ...

. *Rasa, Kupolė's and Kaupolis' daughter. She is the goddess of summer's greenage and flowers. *Mokas, a stone with an ability to teach people, sometimes they are found in families - with wife Mokienė and children Mokiukas