List Of Assassinated Turks

The following is an incomplete, chronological list of people from Turkey murdered by assassins mainly on political and religious grounds. Many were critical public servants and intellectuals assassinated by far-right proponents of an army-controlled Turkish Republic. Many of the victims have historically been intellectual proponents of laicism and the strict separation of religion and state in Turkey, as defined in the constitution, and diplomats who were victims of militant attacks outside of Turkey.

Mustafa Suphi

* 28 January 1921: Mustafa Suphi was the founder of the Communist Party of Turkey. Suphi and his 14 comrades were assassinated while they were being sent to Erzurum for trial.

Sabahattin Ali

* 2 April 1948: Sabahattin Ali was a writer and critical intellectual who was assassinated at the Bulgarian border while fleeing from Turkey. He had been imprisoned by the Turkish government.

1970s

Mehmet Baydar and Bahadır Demir

* 27 January 1973: Mehmet Baydar was Turkey's consul general in Los Angeles, and Bahadır Demir his deputy, in 1973. Shot in a Santa Barbara hotel by Kourken Yanigian who had invited them there on the pretext of a donating a painting to the Turkish government. Yanigian, sentenced to life imprisonment, was amnestied in 1984 and died shortly afterwards.

The event is considered to be the first in a decade-long chain of organized attacks against Turkish diplomats by Armenian militant groups.

Daniş Tunalıgil

*22 October 1975: Turkey's Ambassador to Austria Daniş Tunalıgil was murdered by three Armenian gunmen raiding the Embassy in Vienna.

Ismail Erez

* 24 October 1975: Turkey's Ambassador to France İsmail Erez and his driver Talip Yener were murdered by Armenian militants in the vicinity of the Embassy in Paris by car bomb.

Taha Carim

* 9 June 1977: Turkey's Ambassador to the Holy See Taha Carim was killed by the cross fire of two Armenian gunmen in front of the Embassy's residency in Rome.

Bedrettin Cömert

*11 March 1978: Art historian, scholar, literary critic and translator. He was serving on a committee investigating right-wing terror squads at his university. Shot dead in his car with his wife severely wounded by Rıfat Yıldırım, Üzeyir Bayraklı and by another man nicknamed "Ahmet" who were ultra-nationalists and believed to have been directly funded by the Turkish state. A tribunal found Abdullah Çatlı responsible but nobody was punished as a result.

Doğan Öz

*24 March 1978: Public prosecutor who wrote a report for Prime Minister Bülent Ecevit accusing clandestine groups (later named as Ergenekon) of creating chaos in order to lay the ground for a military takeover. Haluk Kırcı, a Grey Wolves activist, was implicated in his assassination.

Bedri Karafakıoğlu

*20 October 1978: Former rector of Istanbul Technical University

Abdi İpekçi

*1 February 1979: Editor of the major national newspaper ''Milliyet''. Killed in his car in the street, where he lived, by Mehmet Ali Ağca, a member of the ultra- nationalist Grey Wolves, who would later try to assassinate the Pope John Paul II in 1981.

Metin Yüksel

*23 March 1979: Islamist political and social activist. Shot to death outside of Istanbul's Fatih Mosque by nationalist gunmen while leaving Friday prayers.

Cevat Yurdakul

28 September 1979: prosecutor.

Ahmet Benler

12 October 1979: son of the Turkish ambassador to the Netherlands, Özdemir Benler, murderered by ASALA.

İlhan Egemen Darendelioğlu

*19 November 1979: journalist and writer. Shot to death by unidentified left-wing militants.

Cavit Orhan Tütengil

* 7 December 1979: Professor of Sociology at Istanbul University, columnist of the newspaper '' Cumhuriyet''. Shot dead at a city bus stop in Istanbul.

1980s

Ümit Kaftancıoğlu

* 11 April 1980: TV producer, writer and columnist of the newspaper '' Cumhuriyet''. Gunned down in front of his home in Istanbul as he was about to get in his car.

Gün Sazak

* 27 May 1980: briefly customs and tobacco minister of Turkey and a right wing politician. Murdered in front of his car while putting out baggage. Radical leftist militant group Dev Sol (Revolutionary Left) claimed responsibility for the attack.

Nihat Erim

* 19 July 1980: Prime Minister of Turkey in 1971-1972, for almost 14 months. Shot to death by two gunmen in İstanbul. Radical leftist militant group Dev Sol (Revolutionary Left) claimed responsibility for the attack.

Kemal Türkler

* 22 July 1980: Socialist trade union leader and left-wing politician. Murdered in front of his home by ultra-right militants.

Şarık Arıyak

*17 December 1980: Turkish chief consul in Sydney. Killed together with his bodyguard Engin Sever. The Justice Commandos of the Armenian Genocide claimed responsibility.

Kemal Arıkan

*28 January 1982: Turkish diplomat Kemal Arıkan shot to death by two gunmen of Armenian origin in Los Angeles.

Atilla Altıkat

* 23 August 1982: Turkish military attaché in Canada. Assassinated in his car while driving in Ottawa by the Justice Commandos Against Armenian Genocide.

Esat Oktay Yıldıran

* 22 October 1988: Military officer and former governor of Diyarbakır Prison. Shot dead in a public bus in Istanbul by a PKK militant.

1990s

Muammer Aksoy

* 31 January 1990: Professor of law at Ankara University, Faculty of Political science; author of books on Kemalism; elected head of the Ankara Bar Association 1969, columnist of the newspaper '' Cumhuriyet''. Shot in the back of his head in front of his house.

Çetin Emeç

* 7 March 1990: Journalist, editor-in-chief and chief columnist of the liberal rightist daily '' Hürriyet''. Shot to death in front of his house. Case remains unresolved.

Turan Dursun

* 4 September 1990: Former member of Islamic clergy who became a critic of Islam and advocate of atheism. Shot to death in front of his house. Case remains unresolved.

Bahriye Üçok

* 6 October 1990: Female academic, pro-secular theologist, columnist of the newspaper '' Cumhuriyet''. Killed by a parcel bomb.

Memduh Ünlütürk

* 7 April 1991: Retired General. Shot dead at his house.

Kemal Kayacan

* 29 July 1992: Admiral (retired), former commander of the Turkish Navy. Shot dead in his house.

Musa Anter

*1992: Kurdish writer, assassinated in Diyarbakir. European Court of Human Rights fined Turkey for this assassination, allegedly committed by JITEM illegal gendarmerie unit.

Zübeyir Akkoç

* 13 January 1993: Union member of Kurdish origin. His murder led to the European Court of Human Rights case ''Akkoç v. Turkey'' (2000).

Uğur Mumcu

* 24 January 1993: Research journalist, columnist of the major newspaper '' Cumhuriyet''. Killed in front of his home in Ankara by a bomb installed in his car.

Cem Ersever

* 4 November 1993: ex- JITEM commander who had begun speaking to the press.

Onat Kutlar

* 11 January 1995: prominent art critic, writer, poet, columnist for the daily '' Cumhuriyet'' and one of the founders of the Istanbul International Film Festival, died of injuries he suffered during a bomb attack at a hotel in İstanbul.

Metin Göktepe

* 8 January 1996: , a left wing journalist of Evrensel was beaten to death by Turkish police while covering civil unrest in the Gazi district of Istanbul. The first case in Turkey where the police were convicted of murder.

Özdemir Sabancı

* 9 January 1996: Businessman and a member of the Sabancı family in the second generation. Gunned down in his office in Sabancı Towers, Levent, İstanbul, by assassins hired by the leftist armed group DHKP-C. The general manager of ToyotaSA and a secretary was also killed. They had been given access to the building by Fehriye Erdal, a female member of DHKP-C, who was an employee at that time.

Ahmet Taner Kışlalı

* 21 October 1999: Academic, writer. politician, former Minister of Culture and columnist of the newspaper '' Cumhuriyet''. Killed in Ankara by a bomb placed on the windshield of his car.

2000s

Gaffar Okkan

* 24 January 2001: Diyarbakır Police Chief, his driver and four policemen escorting him were shot dead in an attack after they left Diyarbakır Police Department building. Radical Islamic group known as Turkish Hezbollah was suspected.

Üzeyir Garih

* 25 August 2001: A prominent Turkish Jewish businessman and a founding partner of the Alarko group of companies. He was stabbed to death in the cemetery of the historic İstanbul quarter of Eyüp.

Necip Hablemitoğlu

* 18 December 2002: A Kemalist historian from ''Ankara University'' who was killed in an armed attack near his home in Ankara.

Andrea Santoro

* 5 February 2006: Father Andrea Santoro was a Roman Catholic priest, murdered in the Santa Maria Church in Trabzon where he served as a member of the Catholic Church's Fidei donum missionary program.
On 5 September 2006 he was shot dead from behind while kneeling in prayer in the church. A witness heard the perpetrator shouting "Allahu Akbar". A 16-year-old high school student was arrested two days after the shooting carrying a 9mm pistol. An investigation by the Air Force Office of Special Investigations on stolen weaponry in Iraq revealed that the gun was of the same type used in the supposedly Islamist attack on the Turkish Council of State in 2006.

Mustafa Yücel Özbilgin

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