The ''Leninsky Komsomol class'' (also transliterated as ''Leninskiy Komsomol'' or ''Leninskij Komsomol'' (Russian: ''Ленинский Комсомол класс'') was a class of 25 ocean-going dry cargo ships; tweendeckers with turbine main engines, built between 1959 and 1968 in the Soviet Union under the designations Projects 567 and 567K. Проект 567, 567К, тип Ленинский комсомол.
/ref> Twenty were built by the Kherson Shipyard, and five in either the Nikolayev Shipyard, or the Nosenko Shipyard in Nikolayev. They were part of a program to modernize the Soviet Union's merchant fleet. Three forms of transliteration of the Russian name are used in English-language sources: * ''Leninsky Komsomol'' – the official registered English name of the first ship of this class, used as the name of the class of as a whole. * ''Leninskiy Komsomol'' – an alternative transliteration sometimes used in press or literature after 1975. It is also the official registered English name of a river vessel built after 1975. * ''Leninskij Komsomol'' – an alternative transliteration. The ''Leninsky Komsomol''-class ships were the first merchant ships of the Soviet Union to have turbine engines. They were called "turbo-runners" in news reports and by seamen. The class was named after the lead ship, the ''Leninsky Komsomol''. This first vessel was laid on 25 September 1957 and was handed over to Black Sea Shipping Company on 23 December 1959. The last ship in the class was named ''Parizhskaya Kommuna'' (Russian: ''Парижская Коммуна'') which was taken into operation on 17 December 1968. This was the third largest class of ship in Black Sea Shipping Company by number of ships in the class. The ''Parizhskaya Kommuna'' was the first Soviet merchant ship with controllable pitch propeller and the largest ship with gas-turbine main engines in the world at the time of her launching. The ''Leninsky Komsomol''-class ships were excellent for transatlantic traffic. Their speed, manoeuvrability and seaworthiness forced foreign experts to pay attention to the design.Морская литература. > Ладин Н.В. Судовые рефрижераторные установки. Стр: 246
/ref> The ships had high freeboard and, because of this, excellent stability and seaworthiness.

Development and operational history

Project 567 was developed at the Central Design Bureau ''Chernomorsudoproekt'' (CDB ChSP) in Nikolayev. The main designers were K. I. Bohonevich, B. K. Sidorov and F. V. Sibir'. Ships of this class were designed for use: # as merchant ships during peacetime; # as "

blockade runners A blockade runner is a merchant vessel used for evading a naval blockade of a port or strait. It is usually light and fast, using stealth and speed rather than confronting the blockaders in order to break the blockade. Blockade runners usuall ...

" in case of a blockade of friendly states; # as fast troop transports in wartime, after their mobilization, arming and commissioning in the Soviet Navy The ''Leninsky Komsomol''-class cargo ships were a continuation of a tradition already established in Russian and

Soviet shipbuilding This is a list of shipyards and shipbuilding companies of the Soviet Union (1922–1991). Shipyards Baltic Sea Russia * Admiralty Shipyards, Shipyard No. 194, known from 1937 to 1966 as Andre Marti Shipyard ( ru), Leningrad * Almaz Ship ...

. Ships built with a dual purpose in Russia dated back to the age of sailing ships and the paddle steamer fleet. Russia had been defeated in the Crimean War of 1853–1856, and the terms of the resulting Treaty of Paris prohibited Russia from maintaining a naval force in the Black Sea. This led to the practice of building

merchant ships A merchant ship, merchant vessel, trading vessel, or merchantman is a watercraft that transports cargo or carries passengers for hire. This is in contrast to pleasure craft, which are used for personal recreation, and naval ships, which are us ...

with extra strength and speed that operated under the

flag A flag is a piece of fabric (most often rectangular or quadrilateral) with a distinctive design and colours. It is used as a symbol, a signalling device, or for decoration. The term ''flag'' is also used to refer to the graphic design empl ...

s of the Russian Steam Navigation and Trading Company (ROPIT), the Voluntary Fleet (Dobroflot), and other shipping companies of the Russian Empire during peacetime. These vessels could be quickly mobilised for military duty in wartime, with 200 merchant ships mobilised for service with the Imperial Russian Navy after the outbreak of the First World War in just the Black Sea.Морской транспорт СССР. К 60-летию отрасли. / Малахов Н. Н., Вайнер Б. А. и др. / Под ред. Т. Б. Гуженко. — М., Транспорт, 1984 г. — C. 118. During the Soviet period shipbuilders built several types of high-speed (for that time) ocean-going cargo ships with dual-purpose-use. The ''Leninsky Komsomol'' class had a deadweight of 16 thousand tons, with six holds and six tweendecks, with cabins for one or two crewmembers each. They were built in Nikolayev and

Kherson Kherson (, ) is a port city of Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers appr ...

. A ship class is often called by the name of the first ship of the class to be launched or delivered. In this instance the first ship was named ''Leninsky Komsomol''. This was most likely due to the influence of the KGB, which had a strong interest in building such ships and was led consistently by former

Komsomol The All-Union Leninist Young Communist League (russian: link=no, Всесоюзный ленинский коммунистический союз молодёжи (ВЛКСМ), ), usually known as Komsomol (; russian: Комсомол, links=n ...

leaders, such as Alexander Shelepin and Vladimir Semichastny. The phenomenon of former Komsomol workers working in the KGB was termed , and included Vladimir Semichastny, and others. The ''Leninsky Komsomol'' class demonstrated the expertise of the Soviet Black Sea shipbuilders and the increased level of the Soviet shipbuilding industry. All of the class were initially operated by the Black Sea Shipping Company, homeported in

Odessa Odesa (also spelled Odessa) is the third most populous city and municipality in Ukraine and a major seaport and transport hub located in the south-west of the country, on the northwestern shore of the Black Sea. The city is also the administrativ ...

. By the early 1980s the Black Sea Shipping Company included 270 ocean-going ships, and was ranked as the world's largest shipping company by number of vessels, due to the construction of ships in the 1960s and 1970s. Three ''Leninsky Komsomol class'' cargo ships were transferred to the Soviet Navy in 1985–1986 for use as large dry-cargo transports: * ''Ravenstvo'' was transferred in 1985. * ''Akademik Szymanskiy'' and ''Leninsky Pioner'' were transferred in 1986.

Use in military transportation

''Leninsky Komsomol''-class ships were used as a "

" during " Operation Anadyr", the Soviet effort to break the

Cuba blockade The United States embargo against Cuba prevents American businesses, and businesses organized under U.S. law or majority-owned by American citizens, from conducting trade with Cuban interests. It is the most enduring trade embargo in modern hist ...

during the

Cuban Missile Crisis The Cuban Missile Crisis, also known as the October Crisis (of 1962) ( es, Crisis de Octubre) in Cuba, the Caribbean Crisis () in Russia, or the Missile Scare, was a 35-day (16 October – 20 November 1962) confrontation between the United S ...

. 57 ships of the Black Sea Shipping Company were involved in breaking the blockade. An additional 34 vessels from Baltic Shipping Company, the Murmansk Shipping Company, the

Latvian Shipping Company Latvian Shipping Company ( lv, Latvijas kuģniecība, ) is a Latvian shipping company founded 29 October 1940 and listed on the NASDAQ OMX Riga. The company owns 20 ships, employing more than 700 seamen from Latvia. The total carrying capacity o ...

and the

Far Eastern Shipping Company FESCO Transportation Group ( rus, Fesco, r=FESCO Group) is an intermodal transport operator in Russia, which provides services, including marine shipping, Roll-on/roll-off, rail transportation and port handling. The parent company of the Group i ...

also participated. ''Leninsky Komsomol''-class ships were later used to carry military cargo to Angola, Vietnam and other countries in conflict zones during the

Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because the ...

. During the

1973 Arab-Israeli War The Yom Kippur War, also known as the Ramadan War, the October War, the 1973 Arab–Israeli War, or the Fourth Arab–Israeli War, was an armed conflict fought from October 6 to 25, 1973 between Israel and a coalition of Arab states led by Egy ...

, eight Soviet ''Leninsky Komsomol''-class ships carried military cargoes to Syria and Egypt in October and early November 1973: # ''Leninsky Komsomol'' - arrived in Alexandria on 28 October 1973. # ''Fizik Kurchatov'' - visited Alexandria twice and Latakia once. # ''Bratstvo'' - arrived in Latakia on 20 October 1973. # ''Khimik Zelinskiy'' # ''Krasnyy Oktyabr'' # ''Leninsky Pioner'' # ''Yunyi Leninets'' # ''Parizhskaya Kommuna'' Other classes of merchant ship carried military cargoes to Syria and Egypt during this period, but more ''Leninsky Komsomol''-class ships were involved in these operations than any other class of Soviet merchant ship.

Design

Project 567 was developed at the Central Design Bureau ''Chernomorsudoproekt'' (CDB ChSP) in Nikolayev.
Major designers: * K. I. Bohonevich (until 1956) * B. K. Sidorov (1956–1961) * F. V. Sibir' (from 1961) A total of 25 ships were built. Twenty of the ships were built at the Kherson Shipyard and a further five at the Nikolayev Shipyard, or the Nosenko Shipyard in Nikolayev under the Soviet merchant fleet modernization program. The first ship was laid down in 1957 and was completed and handed over in December 1959. The last ship was completed and handed over in 1968. Outwardly the ''Leninsky Komsomol''-class resembled the US Mariner class, with their cargo derricks and their superstructure divided into three structures (a long forecastle, central accommodation structure, and aftcastle), the engine room in the centre, a sloping bow, and a cruiser

stern The stern is the back or aft-most part of a ship or boat, technically defined as the area built up over the sternpost, extending upwards from the counter rail to the taffrail. The stern lies opposite the bow, the foremost part of a ship. Ori ...

. The ''Leninsky Komsomol''-class ships were roughly the same length as the American vessels, but were less broad beamed. The ships were classed as multipurpose tweendeckers and as dry cargo freighters. All were powered by steam-turbines, with the exception of the gas-turbine-powered SS ''Parizhskaya Communa''. They had two decks in the tweendecker style, and their superstructure in three blocks. Their general purpose was the carriage of general and grain cargoes.

Specifications

The ships of the class were between and long, with a beam of between and . Their moulded depth amidships varied between and , and their draught from approximately and . The dimensions and tonnage of each ship varied slightly from her sisters, but shape of the hull and the proportions were the same. A new and improved hull design was developed for the ''Leninsky Komsomol'' class. The design proved successful and was used in the construction of later classes of Soviet merchant ships. including those of the ''Slavyansk'' and ''Kapitany'' classes. Some variations in the later designs included the placing of the superstructure closer to the stern, and reducing the number of hold compartments to five larger ones. The design was continually refined and improved as the ships were being built, using lessons learned from preceding ships. The cargo booms used on the earlier ships were replaced with brand new Soviet-made cargo cranes on those built after 1961. But generally the overall design remained the same. Soviet Union vessel Metallurg Anosov on the Cuba

Soviet Union vessel Metallurg Anosov on the Cuba

Engines for all ships in the ''Leninsky Komsomol'' series were made at the Kirov Plant in Leningrad and installed at the Kherson and Nikolayev shipyards. All, with the exception of the last to be built, ''Parizhskaya Kommuna'', were equipped with a "ТС-1" steam turbine turbo gear unit consisting of a double-case turbine and gears fed by two

fuel oil Fuel oil is any of various fractions obtained from the distillation of petroleum (crude oil). Such oils include distillates (the lighter fractions) and residues (the heavier fractions). Fuel oils include heavy fuel oil, marine fuel oil (MFO), bun ...

boilers with capacity of 25 tons of steam per hour at a pressure of 42 atmospheres and a temperature of 470 °C. Turbine power was 13 000 hp, giving 1000 rpm at full speed. The gearbox lowered this to 100 rpm in the transition to a single four-bladed bronze

propeller A propeller (colloquially often called a screw if on a ship or an airscrew if on an aircraft) is a device with a rotating hub and radiating blades that are set at a pitch to form a helical spiral which, when rotated, exerts linear thrust upon ...

with a diameter of 6.3 m. The processes managing the boilers and turbine were automated. The ''Parizhskaya Communa'', completed in 1968, was equipped with a "ГТУ-20" gas turbine from the Kirov Plant.This provided 13,000 hp and allowed ''Parizhskaya Communa'' to reach a speed of 19 knots. At that time she was the largest merchant freighter with gas turbine engine in the world. Generally the power output for ships of the class was between 13000 and 14300 hp. ''Leninsky Komsomol'' attained a speed of 18.2 knots.Фотографии города Херсон > Главная > Херсонцы, предприятия, организации > Корабли Херсонского судозавода > Сухогрузное судно "Ленинский комсомол"
/ref> The maximum speed of other ships in the class while carrying cargo was 19.2 knots, rising to 20.4 knots when sailing in ballast. This made the ''Leninsky Komsomol'' ships faster than most contemporary merchant ships. They had a cruising range of some 12,000 miles. There were frequent turbine breakdowns while sailing at high speed. If one turbine blade was damaged while at full speed the ship lurched with such force that people on the deck fell and people working at height risked falling and being injured. The heightened fuel consumption at high speed in the face of rising fuel prices made the operation of the ship too expensive. Careful attention was paid to the different speed gradations used in service: * Maximum speed – the speed recorded on tests after delivery into service, which a ship could reach in case of emergency (such as escaping pursuit; or arriving at a destination port on schedule); * Operational speed – the speed at which the ship's engines did not receive damage; * Economic speed – speed that is profitable from an economic point of view and taking into account the prevention of damage to the engine room.

Cargo operations

The ''Leninsky Komsomol''-class ships had six cargo holds, providing a total bale capacity of 19,925m³ and a bulk capacity of 23,355m³. Four of the class, including the ''Metallurg Anosov'', were specially equipped for the transportation of troops and weapons, including long-range missiles. The ''Metallurg Anosov''s

length overall __NOTOC__ Length overall (LOA, o/a, o.a. or oa) is the maximum length of a vessel's hull measured parallel to the waterline. This length is important while docking the ship. It is the most commonly used way of expressing the size of a ship, an ...

was 9.1 m longer than the ''Leninsky Komsomol'', the first ship in the class. The beam, moulded depth and size of cargo hatches were also increased. The ''Leninsky Komsomol''-class ships were equipped with either cargo derricks, used on the first four ships built, or cargo cranes, used on every ''Leninsky Komsomol''-class ship built from 1961 onwards. The first configuration used was for a ship equipped with cargo booms (cargo derricks) and two heavy-lift derricks: * 16 cargo derricks lifting 5.0 metric tons. Holds No.1 and No.6 were serviced by two derricks each, the other holds by four derricks each. Holds number 3 and 4 had two derricks lifting 5 metric tons and two derricks lifting 10 metric tons . The other four cargo derricks lifted 10.0 metric tons each. * The automated derricks were equipped with winches and managed by one person, which could work with two combined derricks. * Two heavy lift derricks capable of lifting 60.0 metric tons each. These derricks were operated by two people, with two control columns installed on the mast of each derrick. * Five masts: four of them in an inverted v-shaped construction to carry cargo derricks lifting 5 metric tons each, and an additional one on the accommodation superstructure in the center of the vessel. * Two pairs of cargo gear columns carrying cargo derricks lifting 10 metric tons. The second configuration was for cargo cranes and two heavy-lift derricks: * Twelve electric cargo cranes of type "КЭ-26" with a carrying capacity of 5.0 metric tons, two cranes serving each hold. * Two heavy derricks with a capacity of 60.0 tons each. * Three masts: one on the accommodation superstructure in the center of the vessel and two carrying two heavy-lift derricks.

Self-defense

In the event of military mobilization ''Leninsky Komsomol''-class ships could be fitted with anti-aircraft guns installed on rotary mounts in place of the cargo cranes. The comparatively high speed that the ships could attain would have allowed them to outrun some pursuers, or to escape dangerous areas quickly.

Crew

The first vessels had berths for 51 people, including 10 spare beds, though the last vessels to be introduced had berths for 48 persons or fewer. The Soviet shipping companies began reducing the crews of merchant ships in the late 1960s, a process which continued into the 1990s. During the last years of their operation, the ''Leninsky Komsomol''-class ships were crewed by around 35 people, nearly half that had originally been necessary. Cabins were initially for single, double or four-person occupancy, and by the 1970s the four-berth cabins had been converted into double berths. The ships were fitted with Soviet-made air-conditioning.

List of ships

}) , align= center , Kherson Shipyard , align= center , 1201 , align= center , М-22384 , align= center , UQIM , align= center , 5206166 , align= center, 25 September 1957 , align= center, 11 April 1959 , align= center, 23 December 1959 , align= center, Scrapped in 1988 , align= center, Renamed ''Ungur'' (Унгур) on 31 January 1986 , - , align= center , (russian: Металлург Байков) , align= center , Kherson Shipyard , align= center , 1202 , align= center , М-22511 , align= center , UWQU , align= center , 5233468 , align= center, 25 March 1958 , align= center, , align= center, 24 July 1960 , align= center, Scrapped in 1985 , align= center, Scrapped in Valencia , - , align= center , (russian: Металлург Курако) , align= center , Kherson Shipyard , align= center , 1203 , align= center , М-22528 , align= center , UERM , align= center , 5233482 , align= center, 18 February 1959 , align= center, , align= center, 2 November 1961 , align= center, Scrapping began on 15 November 1986 , align= center, Sold to Furusawa Kozei Co. Ltd. in 1986. Scrapped at Etajima,

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

in 1986. , - , align= center , (russian: Юрий Гагарин) , align= center , Kherson Shipyard , align= center , 1204 , align= center , М-22552 , align= center , URDO , align= center , 5397111 , align= center, 20 December 1959 , align= center, 22 April 1961 , align= center, 30 June 1961 , align= center, Scrapping began on 2 July 1986 , align= center, Sold to Zuru Maritime Co. Lt.,

Cayman Islands The Cayman Islands () is a self-governing British Overseas Territory—the largest by population in the western Caribbean Sea. The territory comprises the three islands of Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac and Little Cayman, which are located to the ...

and renamed ''Yuriy'' (Юрий) in 1986. Scrapped by Sing Cheng Yung Iron & Steel Co. at Kaohsiung, Taiwan in 1986. ShipStamps.co.uk> METALLURG KURAKO.
/ref> , - , align= center , (russian: Металлург Бардин) , align= center , Kherson Shipyard , align= center , 1205 , align= center , , align= center , URDP , align= center , 5233470 , align= center, , align= center, , align= center, 17 October 1961 , align= center, Scrapped in 1986 , align= center, Renamed ''Bardin'' (Бардин) on 6 June 1986 (U.K. flag). Scrapped at Kaohsiung in 1986. , - , align= center , (russian: Хирург Вишневский) , align= center , Kherson Shipyard , align= center , 1206 , align= center , , align= center , UYOK , align= center , 5186366 , align= center, , align= center, , align= center, 28 December 1961 , align= center, Scrapped in June 1986 , align= center, Renamed ''Khirurg'' (Хирург) in 1986 (unknown flag) and scrapped in

Kaohsiung Kaohsiung City (Mandarin Chinese: ; Wade–Giles: ''Kao¹-hsiung²;'' Pinyin: ''Gāoxióng'') is a special municipality located in southern Taiwan. It ranges from the coastal urban center to the rural Yushan Range with an area of . Kaohsi ...

in June 1986. , - , align= center , (russian: Химик Зелинский) , align= center , Kherson Shipyard , align= center , 1207 , align= center , М-27523 , align= center , UYOL , align= center , 5186330 , align= center, 30 January 1961 , align= center, , align= center, 8 April 1962 , align= center, Scrapping began on 6 June 1994 , align= center, Trapped by the maritime blockade during the Iran–Iraq War. Damaged by rocket off Basra on 19 September 1980. Crew sent home and local watchmen hired to guard the ship. Finally decommissioned and abandoned. Renamed ''Dolphin VI'' and scrapped at Gadani Beach, Pakistan, in 1994. , - , align= center , (russian: Физик Курчатов) , align= center , Kherson Shipyard , align= center , 1208 , align= center , М-27551 , align= center , UYOM , align= center , 5404093 , align= center, 20 March 1961 , align= center, , align= center, June 1962 , align= center, Scrapped in August 1986 , align= center, Renamed ''Kurchat'', home flag Gorgetown (Cayman Islands) on 30 April 1986, scrapped at

(China) in August 1986. , - , align= center , (russian: Металлург Аносов) , align= center , Kherson Shipyard , align= center , 1209 , align= center , М-27552 , align= center , USMW , align= center , 5233456 , align= center, , align= center, , align= center, 29 September 1962 , align= center, Scrapped in 1986 , align= center, Renamed ''Anosov'' and homeported in George Town, Cayman Islands on 21 March 1986. Decommissioned in May 1986. Scrapped at Qinhuangdao in 1986. , - , align= center , (russian: Красная Пресня) , align= center , Kherson Shipyard , align= center , 1210 , align= center , , align= center , UKJA , align= center , 5196426 , align= center, , align= center, , align= center, 16 December 1962 , align= center, Scrapped in 1986 , align= center, Renamed ''Krasnaya'' (unknown flag) in 1986. Scrapped at Kaohsiung in 1986. , - , align= center , (russian: Трансбалт) , align= center , Kherson Shipyard , align= center , 1211 , align= center , , align= center , UKER , align= center , 5367283 , align= center, , align= center, , align= center, 29 December 1962 , align= center, Scrapped in 1986 , align= center, Renamed ''Orion'' (unknown flag) in 1986. Scrapped at Kaohsiung in 1986. , - , align= center , (russian: Красный Октябрь) , align= center , Kherson Shipyard , align= center , 1212 , align= center , , align= center , ULZB , align= center , 5406338 , align= center, , align= center, , align= center, 23 May 1963 , align= center, Scrapped in 1986 , align= center, Renamed ''Krasnyy'' (unknown flag) in 1986. Scrapped at Kaohsiung in 1986. , - , align= center , (russian: Валентина Терешкова) , align= center , Kherson Shipyard , align= center , 1213 , align= center , , align= center , ULZD , align= center , 5425736 , align= center, , align= center, , align= center, 30 June 1963 , align= center, Scrapped in 1989 , align= center, Renamed ''Valentina'' (unknown flag) in 1988. Scrapped in China in 1989. , - , align= center , (russian: Равенство) , align= center , Kherson Shipyard , align= center , 1214 , align= center , , align= center , UDWH , align= center , 6401517 , align= center, , align= center, , align= center, 30 June 1963 , align= center, Scrapped c. 1991 , align= center, Sold for scrapping in 1991 , - , align= center , (russian: Братство) , align= center , Kherson Shipyard , align= center , 1215 , align= center , М-27595 , align= center , UDXO , align= center , 6405044 , align= center, 20 September 1962 , align= center, , align= center, 29 December 1963 , align= center, Scrapped in 1985 , align= center, Damaged in a collision with the Soviet submarine ''K-53'' in the Gibraltar Straits in September 1984. Towed to Algeciras, decommissioned in March 1985 and scrapped in Algeciras in 1985. , - , align= center , (russian: Свобода) , align= center , Kherson Shipyard , align= center , 1216 , align= center , , align= center , UEAM , align= center , 6412528 , align= center, , align= center, , align= center, 12 March 1964 , align= center, Scrapped in July 1989 , align= center, Attacked by pirates in the Malacca Strait 50 miles from Singapore on 15 January 1987. Pirates boarded at night but the crew neutralized them. Scrapped at

Chittagong Chittagong ( /ˈtʃɪt əˌɡɒŋ/ ''chit-uh-gong''; ctg, চিটাং; bn, চিটাগং), officially Chattogram ( bn, চট্টগ্রাম), is the second-largest city in Bangladesh after Dhaka and third largest city in B ...

in July 1989. , - , align= center , (russian: Академик Шиманский) , align= center , Kherson Shipyard , align= center , 1217 , align= center , , align= center , UYBV , align= center , 6419485 , align= center, , align= center, , align= center, 27 June 1964 , align= center, , align= center, Transferred to the Soviet Navy's Pacific Fleet and renamed Самара (''Samara'') in 1986. Subsequent fate unknown. , - , align= center , (russian: Кремль) , align= center , Kherson Shipyard , align= center , 1218 , align= center , , align= center , UYBW , align= center , 6511154 , align= center, , align= center, , align= center, 28 September 1964 , align= center, Scrapped in 1986 , align= center, Renamed ''Krem'' (unknown flag) in 1986 and scrapped at Kaohsiung in 1986. , - , align= center , (russian: Парижская Коммуна) , align= center , Kherson Shipyard , align= center , 1219 , align= center , , align= center , UTKX , align= center , 6612001 , align= center, 25 June 1964 , align= center, December 1965 , align= center, 17 December 1968 , align= center, Scrapped in 1992 , align= center, Renamed ''Pariz'' (unknown flag) in 1991 and scrapped at Aliağa, Turkey in 1992. , - , align= center , (russian: Юный Ленинец) , align= center , Kherson Shipyard , align= center , 1220 , align= center , , align= center , UYCG , align= center , 6511116 , align= center, , align= center, , align= center, 30 December 1964 , align= center, Scrapped in 1990 , align= center, Scrapped in

in 1990. , - , align= center , (russian: Физик Вавилов) , align= center , Nikolayev Shipyard , align= center , 804 , align= center , М-22509 , align= center , UYYU , align= center , 5115769 , align= center, , align= center, , align= center, 1960 , align= center, Scrapped in November 1984 , align= center, Scrapped in

Huangpu River The Huangpu (), formerly romanized as Whangpoo, is a river flowing north through Shanghai. The Bund and Lujiazui are located along the Huangpu River. The Huangpu is the biggest river in central Shanghai, with the Suzhou Creek being its maj ...

in November 1984. , - , align= center , (russian: Физик Лебедев) , align= center , Nikolayev Shipyard , align= center , 805 , align= center , М-22526 , align= center , UYYV , align= center , 5115757 , align= center, , align= center, , align= center, 1960 , align= center, Scrapped in 1991 , align= center, Renamed ''Aragvi'' (unknown flag) in January 1986 and sold for scrap. Departed on last voyage on 26 January 1986. Scrapped in Qian-Jin, China in 1991. , - , align= center , (russian: Фредерик Жолио-Кюри) , align= center , Nikolayev Shipyard , align= center , 806 , align= center , М-22554 , align= center , UQDP , align= center , 5120714 , align= center, , align= center, , align= center, 1961 , align= center, Scrapped in 1989 , align= center, Renamed ''Fred'' and homeported in Basra, Iraq in 1988. Scrapped at Alang, India in May 1989. , - , align= center , (russian: Ленинский Пионер) , align= center , Nikolayev Shipyard , align= center , 807 , align= center , М-27565 , align= center , ULZW , align= center , 5206178 , align= center, , align= center, , align= center, 1962 , align= center, Scrapped in 1987 , align= center, Transferred to the Soviet Navy in 1986 for use as a large sea-going dry cargo transport and the same year renamed ''Колхида''. Sold for scrap in 1987, name removed from Lloyd's List in 1999. , - , align= center , (russian: Красное Знамя) , align= center , Nikolayev Shipyard , align= center , 808 , align= center , М-27588 , align= center , ULZX , align= center , 6401476 , align= center, , align= center, , align= center, 1963 , align= center, Scrapped in 1986 , align= center, Renamed Krasnое in 1986, homeported in George Town, Cayman Islands. Scrapped at

in April 1986. , -

Ship specifications

Significance

P-3A VP-44 over USS Barry (DD-933) and Metallurg Anosov during Cuban Missile Crisis 1962

Michael Yakovich Kozubenko (russian: Козубенко Михаил Якович), a

cinematographer The cinematographer or director of photography (sometimes shortened to DP or DOP) is the person responsible for the photographing or recording of a film, television production, music video or other live action piece. The cinematographer is the ch ...

working at Odessa Film Studio from 1953 produced the 1959 documentary film "''Leninsky Komsomol class'' turbo-runners". The class were held up as examples of the latest in Soviet shipping construction, and used in promotional advertisements in 1963/1964 for the USSR Maritime Transport, depicting the ''Leninsky Komsomol''-class ships built in the shipyards of the Ukrainian SSR, and the tanker ''Sofia'', which had been built in a Leningrad shipyard. The ''Leninsky Komsomol''-class ships also received wide coverage in newspaper and magazine articles. The class was a particularly significant milestone in the shipbuilding history of U.S.S.R., and Kherson Shipyard in particular. They were somewhat less so for Nikolayev Shipyard, as only five were built there, and the yard was already well known for the construction of naval vessels. In 2009 the Marshall Islands issued a series of stamps dedicated to the

. One depicted a ''Leninsky Komsomol''-class ship, described as the ''Metallurg Kurako'', surrounded by warships and patrol aircraft of the US Navy. The depiction is similar to a photograph of the ''Metallurg Anosov'', and it may be that it is the ''Metallurg Anosov'' pictured on this stamp.

Notes

a. All ships were handed over to the Black Sea Shipping Company on the date of their completion, with the exception of ''Parishskaya Kommuna'', which was delivered to the company after an extended period of sea trials. b. The dates of the scrapping of ''Leninsky Pioner'' and her removal from Lloyd's Register are different. ''Leninsky Pioner'' was transferred from Black Sea Shipping Company to the Soviet Navy's

Black Sea Fleet Chernomorskiy flot , image = Great emblem of the Black Sea fleet.svg , image_size = 150px , caption = Great emblem of the Black Sea fleet , dates = May 13, ...

in 1986. A new container ship also named ''Leninsky Pioner'' was laid down on 23 January 1987. It is not clear which vessel was removed from Lloyd's List in 1999.

References

{{Operation Anadyr Ships of Black Sea Shipping Company Ships of the Soviet Union Cuba–Soviet Union relations Non-combat military operations involving the Soviet Union Cuban Missile Crisis