lichen
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Name Search /ref> Lichens in the genus ''
Squamarina
''Squamarina'' is a genus of lichens in the family Stereocaulaceae, although it has recently been suggested that it may belong in the family Ramalinaceae.Ekman, Stefan, Heidi L. Andersen, and Mats Wedin. 2008. The limitations of ancestral state r ...
'' are also called rim lichens. Members of the genus have roughly circular fruiting discs (
apothecia
An ascocarp, or ascoma (), is the fruiting body ( sporocarp) of an ascomycete phylum fungus. It consists of very tightly interwoven hyphae and millions of embedded asci, each of which typically contains four to eight ascospores. Ascocarps are mo ...
) with rims that have photosynthetic tissue similar to that of the nonfruiting part of the lichen body (
thallus
Thallus (plural: thalli), from Latinized Greek (), meaning "a green shoot" or "twig", is the vegetative tissue of some organisms in diverse groups such as algae, fungi, some liverworts, lichens, and the Myxogastria. Many of these organisms wer ...
). Other lichens with apothecia having margins made of thallus-like tissue are called lecanorine.
''Lecanora'' has a
crustose
Crustose is a habit of some types of algae and lichens in which the organism grows tightly appressed to a substrate, forming a biological layer. ''Crustose'' adheres very closely to the substrates at all points. ''Crustose'' is found on rocks and ...
thallus
Thallus (plural: thalli), from Latinized Greek (), meaning "a green shoot" or "twig", is the vegetative tissue of some organisms in diverse groups such as algae, fungi, some liverworts, lichens, and the Myxogastria. Many of these organisms wer ...
photobiont
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.ascospores
An ascus (; ) is the sexual spore-bearing cell produced in ascomycete fungi. Each ascus usually contains eight ascospores (or octad), produced by meiosis followed, in most species, by a mitotic cell division. However, asci in some genera or ...
and crystals in the amphitecium.
It is in the family
Lecanoraceae
The Lecanoraceae are a family of lichenized fungi in the order Lecanorales. Species of this family have a widespread distribution.
Taxonomy
Lecanoraceae was circumscribed by German lichenologist Gustav Wilhelm Körber in 1855.
Genera
According ...
in the suborder
Lecanorineae
''Lecanorineae'' are a suborder of pezizomycetes fungi, commonly known as the lichens and rostrate asci.
Families
* Aphanopsidaceae
* Byssolomataceae
* Carbonicolaceae
* Catillariaceae
* Cetradoniaceae
*Cladoniaceae
* Crocyniaceae
* ...
.
Species
:
*''
Lecanora campestris
''Lecanora'' is a genus of lichen commonly called rim lichens.Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, Lichens in the genus ''Squamarina'' are also called rim lichens. Members of the genus have roughly ci ...
'' (Schaer.) Hue 1888
*''
Lecanora conizaeoides
''Lecanora'' is a genus of lichen commonly called rim lichens.Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, Lichens in the genus ''Squamarina'' are also called rim lichens. Members of the genus have roughly ci ...
Lecanora helicopis
''Lecanora'' is a genus of lichen commonly called rim lichens.Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, Lichens in the genus ''Squamarina'' are also called rim lichens. Members of the genus have roughly ci ...
Lecanora muralis
''Lecanora muralis'' ''(Protoparmeliopsis muralis)'' is a waxy looking, pale yellowish green crustose lichen, crustose lichen that usually grows in rosette (botany), rosettes radiating from a center (placoidiod, placodioid) filled with disc-like ...
Image:Lecanora_strobilina_(EU).jpg, '' Lecanora strobilina''
Image:Lichen_on_the_riverside.jpg, ''Lecanora'' cf. ''muralis'' lichen on the banks of the Bega canal in Timișoara
Image:Lecanora.Alan.JPG, ''Lecanora'' from coastal California
Traditional dyes of the Scottish Highlands
Traditional dyes of the Scottish Highlands are the
native vegetable dyes used in Scottish Gaeldom.
The following are the principal dyestuffs with the colours they produce. Several of the tints are very bright, but have now been superseded for con ...