The Kurdish chiefdoms or principalities were several semi-independent entities which existed during the 16th to 19th centuries during the state of continuous warfare between the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

and

Safavid Safavid Iran or Safavid Persia (), also referred to as the Safavid Empire, '. was one of the greatest Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often conside ...

Iran.KurdishGlobe- Kurdish Nationalism in Mam u Zin of Ahmad-î Khânî -- (Part XII)
The Kurdish principalities were almost always divided and entered into rivalries against each other. The demarcation of borders between the Safavid Shah Safi and the Ottoman caliph Sultan

Murad IV Murad IV ( ota, مراد رابع, ''Murād-ı Rābiʿ''; tr, IV. Murad, was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1623 to 1640, known both for restoring the authority of the state and for the brutality of his methods. Murad IV was born in Cons ...

in 1639 effectively divided Kurdistan between the two empires. The

eyalet of Diyarbakir Eyālet-i Diyār-i Bekr , common_name = Eyalet of Diyarbekir , subdivision = Eyalet , nation = the Ottoman Empire , year_start = 1515 , year_end = 1846 , date_start = Nov ...

was the center of the major and minor Kurdish chiefdoms. However, other Kurdish emirates existed outside of Diyarbakir.

Policy during the Ottoman-Persian wars

The Ottomans gave the Kurds self-rule during the Ottoman-Persian wars, to ensure that the Kurds remain on the Ottoman side. After the

Treaty of Erzurum The Treaties of Erzurum were two treaties of 1823 and 1847 that settled boundary disputes between the Ottoman Empire and Qajar Iran, Persia. First Treaty Although the Treaty of Zuhab in 1639 had established the boundary between Ottoman Empire a ...

in 1823 the Persian threat was reduced & the Ottomans brought the Kurdish Chiefdoms under direct control.http://www.let.uu.nl/~martin.vanbruinessen/personal/publications/Evliya/Evliya%20in%20Diyarbekir_Ch_2_Ottoman.pdf

List

Major emirates

* Amadiya * Ardalan *

Bahdinan Bahdinan or Badinan was one of the most powerful and enduring Kurdish principalities. It was founded by ''Baha-al-Din'' originally from ''Şemzînan'' area in Hakkari in sometime between 13th or 14th century CE. The capital of this emirate was ...

* Baban *

Bitlis Bitlis ( hy, Բաղեշ '; ku, Bidlîs; ota, بتليس) is a city in southeastern Turkey and the capital of Bitlis Province. The city is located at an elevation of 1,545 metres, 15 km from Lake Van, in the steep-sided valley of the Bitlis R ...

* Bohtan * Bradost * Donboli *

Finik Finik is an archaeological site in southeastern Turkey. It is located on the rocky cliffs overlooking the eastern bank of the Tigris, 14 kilometers upstream from the city of Cizre. It has been identified with the ancient ''Pinaka'', mentioned by S ...

(Pinaka) * Gurkil *

Hakkari Hakkari or Hakkâri may refer to: *Hakkari (historical region), a historical region in modern-day Turkey and Iraq *Hakkâri (city), a city and the capital of Hakkâri Province, Turkey *Hakkâri Province Hakkâri Province (, tr, Hakkâri ili, ...

* Hisnkeyfa *

Kilis Kilis is a city in south-central Turkey, near the Syria–Turkey border, border with Syria, and the administrative centre of Kilis Province. History Although there aren't any definite information related to its foundation, today's Kilis mainl ...

Mokryan Mukriyan () or 'Deryaz' was a Kurdish principality from the late 14th century to the 19th century centered around Mahabad. Mukriyan was a neighbor to the Emirate of Bradost. Geography and tribes Mukriyan encompassed the area south of Lake Ur ...

* Soran

Minor emirates

Ahakis The Kurdish chiefdoms or principalities were several semi-independent entities which existed during the 16th to 19th centuries during the state of continuous warfare between the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Iran.

('' Hakis'') * Amid *

Ana ve Hit ota, ایالت رقهEyalet-i Rakka , common_name = Rakka Eyalet , subdivision = Eyalet , nation = the Ottoman Empire , year_start = 1586 , year_end = 1864 , date_start ...

('' Anah &

Hit Hit means to strike someone or something. Hit or HIT may also refer to: Arts, entertainment and media Fictional entities * Hit, a fictional character from ''Dragon Ball Super'' * Homicide International Trust, or HIT, a fictional organization in ...

'') * Aqçaqale * Arabkir *

Ataq Ataq ( ar, عتق), alternately spelled Attaq, is a small city and the capital of Shabwah Governorate in Yemen. Ataq is 458 km south east of Sanaa. The difference in elevation of the city is about 70 m with generally partially flat topography ...

(''Attack'') *

Baneh Baneh ( fa, بانه, Bāneh, ku, بانە, translit=Bane) is a city and capital of Baneh County, Kurdistan Province, in Iran's western border. Baneh is bordered by Saqqez to the east, Marivan to the south, Sardasht to the west, and is approxim ...

Beni Rabia is a Japanese R&B singer, who debuted in 2004 under the Avex Trax label. In 2008, Arashiro left Avex Trax and transferred to Universal Music Japan where she started to perform as simply Beni (stylized as BENI). She was initially best known fo ...

Bîcar Bījār ( fa, بیجار; ku, بیجاڕ, translit=Bîcar) is a city and capital of Bijar County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2011 census, its population was 47,926, in 14,970 families. With an elevation of 1,940 metres, Bijar has been call ...

Biré Birecik; ku, Bêrecûk is a town and district of Şanlıurfa Province of Turkey, on the Euphrates. Built on a limestone cliff 400 ft. high on the left/east bank of the Euphrates, "at the upper part of a reach of that river, which runs nearl ...

(''

Biradjik Birecik; ku, Bêrecûk is a town and district of Şanlıurfa Province of Turkey, on the Euphrates. Built on a limestone cliff 400 ft. high on the left/east bank of the Euphrates, "at the upper part of a reach of that river, which runs nearl ...

'') *

Cammasa ''Jemasa'', ''Jammasa'' or ''Al Jammasa'' (; tr, Cammasa; ku, Gammasa) a Euphrates Arab tribal Federation that was centered around the Lower Khabur region. The 17th century Cammasa/Jemasa district in Eyalet of Raqqa was named after the tribe the ...

* Çemişgezek * Dasini *

Deyr ü Rahba Al-Rahba (/ALA-LC: ''al-Raḥba'', sometimes spelled ''Raḥabah''), also known as Qal'at al-Rahba, which translates as the "Citadel of al-Rahba", is a medieval Arab fortress on the west bank of the Euphrates River, adjacent to the city of Maya ...

* Ergani *

Erzen The Erzen ( sq-definite, Erzeni) is a river in central Albania. The length of Erzen is , while the catchment area is including the southern Tirana District and eastern Durrës District. Name The ancient Illyrian name of the river was ''Ardaxa ...

(''

Erzenjan Erzincan (; ku, Erzîngan), historically Yerznka ( hy, Երզնկա), is the capital of Erzincan Province in Eastern Turkey. Nearby cities include Erzurum, Sivas, Tunceli, Bingöl, Elazığ, Malatya, Gümüşhane, Bayburt, and Giresun. The city is ...

'') *

Eski Mosul Nineveh (; akk, ; Biblical Hebrew: '; ar, نَيْنَوَىٰ '; syr, ܢܝܼܢܘܹܐ, Nīnwē) was an ancient Assyrian city of Upper Mesopotamia, located in the modern-day city of Mosul in northern Iraq. It is located on the eastern ban ...

* Genç → Hançük, Çapaqçur * Gürdükan ('' Kürdükân'') * Habur *

Hazzo Kozluk ( ku, Hezzo) is a district of Batman Province, Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located m ...

(''

Hezo Kozluk ( ku, Hezzo) is a district of Batman Province, Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located m ...

'') *

Hizan Hizan ( hy, Խիզան, translit=Khizan, ku, Xîzan) is a town in Bitlis Province, Turkey. It is the seat of Hizan District.Hüsnru The Kurdish chiefdoms or principalities were several semi-independent entities which existed during the 16th to 19th centuries during the state of continuous warfare between the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Iran.

* Kigi *

Kulp KULP (1390 AM, 106.7 FM) is a radio station, paired with an AM revitalization FM relay translator, licensed to El Campo, Texas. The station airs a country music format and is owned by Wharton County Radio, Inc.Mecengird Mazgirt (from hy, Մեծկերտ, ''Medzgerd'', literally "big town", ku, Mêzgir), is a small city and its surrounding district in Tunceli Province of Turkey. The city has a population of 1,712, most of which are Alevi. The current mayor is Mura ...

('' Mazgêrd'') * Mirdasi → Eğil, Palu,

Çermik Çermik ( hy, Ջերմուկ, lit=hot springs, Jermuk; ku, Çermûk) is a town and district of Diyarbakır Province of Turkey. The population is 50,390 as of 2021. The mayor is Şehmus Karamehmetoğlu from the Justice and Development Party (Turkey ...

* Mihrani * Suveydi * Süleymandi → Mifariqin ('' Fariqin'') *

Mardin Mardin ( ku, Mêrdîn; ar, ماردين; syr, ܡܪܕܝܢ, Merdīn; hy, Մարդին) is a city in southeastern Turkey. The capital of Mardin Province, it is known for the Artuqid architecture of its old city, and for its strategic location on ...

* Nisibin * Pasûr * Pêrtag *

Qulp Tuzluca ( az, Duzluca; ku, Qulp; hy, Կողբ ''Koghb''; russian: Кульп or Тузлуджа) is a town and district of the Iğdır Province in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. The northern portion of the district forms part of the in ...

Raqqa Raqqa ( ar, ٱلرَّقَّة, ar-Raqqah, also and ) (Kurdish languages, Kurdish: Reqa/ ڕەقە) is a city in Syria on the northeast bank of the Euphrates River, about east of Aleppo. It is located east of the Tabqa Dam, Syria's largest dam. T ...

* Ruha ('' Urfa'') * Sagman *

Sasun Sason ( hy, Սասուն, translit=Sasun, ku, Qabilcewz, ar, قبل جوز; formerly known as Sasun or Sassoun) is a district and town in the Batman Province of Turkey. It was formerly part of the sanjak of Siirt, which was in Diyarbakır vi ...

('' Qabilcewz'']) *

Siverek Siverek (from hy, Սեւավերակ, lit=black ruins, translit=Sevaverag, ku, Sêwreg) is a city and district in the south-east of Turkey, in Şanlıurfa Province. Population 107,634 (city); 247,000 (district) (2000 census). Siverek is in Şanl� ...

* Suruc * Sincar *

Si‘ird Siirt ( ar, سِعِرْد, Siʿird; hy, Սղերդ, S'gherd; syr, ܣܥܪܬ, Siirt; ku, Sêrt) is a city in southeastern Turkey and the seat of Siirt Province. The population of the city according to the 2009 census was 129,188. History P ...

(''

Sêrt Siirt ( ar, سِعِرْد, Siʿird; hy, Սղերդ, S'gherd; syr, ܣܥܪܬ, Siirt; ku, Sêrt) is a city in southeastern Turkey and the seat of Siirt Province. The population of the city according to the 2009 census was 129,188. History Pr ...

'') * Tercil ('' Hezro/Hazro'') * Masyum u Tur ('' Nahiye-i Tur'') * Zakho *

Zirqan The Zil tribal confederation constitutes a number of Kurmanji (Northern Kurdish) tribes that mostly live within modern Turkey. Zil tribes The following is a list of the Kurmanji speaking Kurdish tribes of the Zil tribal Federation *Ademan *Buruk ...

(''

Zeyrek Zeyrek is a picturesque but poor neighbourhood of the Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey. It takes its name from the huge and prominent Zeyrek Mosque which started life as a Byzantine church and sits on a plateau, overlooking the Golden Horn.Eyi ...

'')

Notes

References

* By Evli̇ya Çelebi̇, Martin van Bruinessen,

Hendrik Boeschoten Hendrik may refer to: * Hendrik (given name) * Hans Hendrik, Greenlandic Arctic traveller and interpreter * Hendrik Island, an island in Greenland * Hendrik-Ido-Ambacht, a municipality in the Netherlands * A character from ''Dragon Quest XI'' See ...

{{refend

Policy during the Ottoman-Persian wars

List

Major emirates

Minor emirates

See also

Notes

References