The Kolomna Locomotive Works (Kolomensky Zavod) is a major producer of railroad
locomotives as well as locomotive and marine
diesel engines in Russia. The plant started production in 1869 with a freight
steam locomotive, one of the first in Russia. In the
Czarist period before the
Russian Revolution, Kolomna was one of a very few producers in Russia. During this period 139 types of steam locomotives were designed. The company is now (2015) a part of
Transmashholding
CJSC Transmashholding (russian: Трансмашхолдинг) is the largest manufacturer of locomotives and rail equipment in Russia and after merging with LocoTech service the fourth largest engineering company in the field of transport ...
.
Overview
The main activities of the company are: design, manufacturing and service of
diesel engine
The diesel engine, named after Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which ignition of the fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to mechanical compression; thus, the diesel engine is a so-ca ...
s (medium-speed diesel engines and diesel generators for
diesel locomotives, power plants, heavy trucks, ships), mainline locomotives (passenger and freight),
DC passenger
electric locomotive
An electric locomotive is a locomotive powered by electricity from overhead lines, a third rail or on-board energy storage such as a battery or a supercapacitor. Locomotives with on-board fuelled prime movers, such as diesel engines or g ...
s.
The Kolomna plant is the only Russian producer of passenger locomotives, the creator of the first domestic examples of the main high-speed passenger
EP200 AC locomotives, passenger DC electric EP2K, freight locomotives 2TE70.
TEP70
The TEP70 is a main line single-unit diesel locomotive, rated at , with AC/DC transmission and individual axle traction control, designed to haul passenger trains on the Russian gauge railway network of eastern Europe. As of 2022, it is still in ...
passenger locomotives (along with modifications and TEP70 TEP70BS) provide much of the passenger traffic on non-electrified sections of the railways of Russia and
CIS
Cis or cis- may refer to:
Places
* Cis, Trentino, in Italy
* In Poland:
** Cis, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central
** Cis, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, north
Math, science and biology
* cis (mathematics) (cis(''θ'')), a trigonome ...
countries. The Kolomna plant is the largest Russian supplier of medium speed engines with an output from 450-5000 kW
History
The factory was founded in 1863 at
Kolomna
Kolomna ( rus, Колóмна, p=kɐˈlomnə) is a historical city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, situated at the confluence of the Moskva and Oka Rivers, (by rail) southeast of Moscow. Population:
History
Mentioned for the first time in 1177, Ko ...
by military engineer
Amand Struve under the name Mechanical Engineering and Foundry Plant Struve Brothers. It was the first production plant for steel bridge structures for railways. In the second half of the 19th century, the plant began to build
locomotives,
cars, riverboats and
traction engine
A traction engine is a steam engine, steam-powered tractor used to move heavy loads on roads, plough ground or to provide power at a chosen location. The name derives from the Latin ''tractus'', meaning 'drawn', since the prime function of any t ...
s. In 1866 his brother Gustav joined the management, and the company name was changed to Plant Engineers Struve Brothers. In 1871 the company name was changed to Kolomna Machine-Building Plant. In 1935 the plant was named
V.V. Kuybyshev Locomotive Factory.
The plant in Kolomna built the first Russian
three-axle locomotive
T-Series (1870), the world's first ship with a
diesel engine
The diesel engine, named after Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which ignition of the fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to mechanical compression; thus, the diesel engine is a so-ca ...
"the Kolomna Diesel" (1907) and the first production Soviet diesel locomotive
E el.
In the first years of Soviet power the plant manufactured (in small quantities) locomotives, wagons,
streetcars and
diesel engine
The diesel engine, named after Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which ignition of the fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to mechanical compression; thus, the diesel engine is a so-ca ...
s. In 1931 the plant began to produce
diesel locomotives and in 1932, in conjunction with the plant "Dinamo",
electric locomotive
An electric locomotive is a locomotive powered by electricity from overhead lines, a third rail or on-board energy storage such as a battery or a supercapacitor. Locomotives with on-board fuelled prime movers, such as diesel engines or g ...
s of the
VL19 series.
Prior to
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...
(1941 - 1945), the plant produced steam locomotives, diesel locomotives, electric locomotives, diesel engines,
tunnelling shield
A tunnelling shield is a protective structure used during the excavation of large, man-made tunnels. When excavating through ground that is soft, liquid, or otherwise unstable, there is a potential health and safety hazard to workers and the pro ...
s for
subways,
turbine
A turbine ( or ) (from the Greek , ''tyrbē'', or Latin ''turbo'', meaning vortex) is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into useful work. The work produced by a turbine can be used for generating ...
s,
tenders and
condensers for steam locomotives. During the war, the plant provided for the needs of the front. It repaired
tank
A tank is an armoured fighting vehicle intended as a primary offensive weapon in front-line ground combat. Tank designs are a balance of heavy firepower, strong armour, and good battlefield mobility provided by tracks and a powerful engi ...
s, built
armoured train
An armoured train is a railway train protected with armour. Armoured trains usually include railway wagons armed with artillery, machine guns and autocannons. Some also had slits used to fire small arms from the inside of the train, a facili ...
s and manufactured ammunition. In 1943 the plant resumed production of steam locomotives and diesel engines. In November 1953 the plant produced its ten thousandth locomotive.
In 1956 the factory began serial production of diesel locomotives and diesel engines for locomotives, ships,
submarines and diesel power plants. Passenger locomotives
TEP60 and
TEP70
The TEP70 is a main line single-unit diesel locomotive, rated at , with AC/DC transmission and individual axle traction control, designed to haul passenger trains on the Russian gauge railway network of eastern Europe. As of 2022, it is still in ...
began to perform the lion's share of passenger traffic on non-electrified lines in
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eig ...
,
Belarus
Belarus,, , ; alternatively and formerly known as Byelorussia (from Russian ). officially the Republic of Belarus,; rus, Республика Беларусь, Respublika Belarus. is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by ...
and
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country located mainly in Central Asia and partly in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbeki ...
.
At the end of 1934 Kolomna Locomotive Works laid down three
submarines of the
Shchuka class under the numbers
''313'',
''314'' and
''315''. These were completed in the spring of 1937 and towed to the
"Red Sormovo" factory in
Nizhny Novgorod
Nizhny Novgorod ( ; rus, links=no, Нижний Новгород, a=Ru-Nizhny Novgorod.ogg, p=ˈnʲiʐnʲɪj ˈnovɡərət ), colloquially shortened to Nizhny, from the 13th to the 17th century Novgorod of the Lower Land, formerly known as Gork ...
(presumably along the
Oka River).
Honours
The plant was awarded the
Order of Lenin
The Order of Lenin (russian: Орден Ленина, Orden Lenina, ), named after the leader of the Russian October Revolution, was established by the Central Executive Committee on April 6, 1930. The order was the highest civilian decoration ...
(1939),
Order of the Red Banner of Labour
The Order of the Red Banner of Labour (russian: Орден Трудового Красного Знамени, translit=Orden Trudovogo Krasnogo Znameni) was an order of the Soviet Union established to honour great deeds and services to th ...
(1945) and
Order of the October Revolution
The Order of the October Revolution (russian: Орден Октябрьской Революции, ''Orden Oktyabr'skoy Revolyutsii'') was instituted on October 31, 1967, in time for the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution. It was conferr ...
(1971).
Timeline
* Steam Locomotive T-Series (1870-1915), freight and passenger steam locomotives for Russian and Soviet railways with
wheel arrangement
In rail transport, a wheel arrangement or wheel configuration is a system of classifying the way in which wheels are distributed under a locomotive. Several notations exist to describe the wheel assemblies of a locomotive by type, position, and c ...
s 0-6-0, 2-6-0 and 0-6-2
*
E el (1932-1941), the serial
diesel-electric freight locomotive with
Ward Leonard control Ward Leonard control, also known as the Ward Leonard drive system, was a widely used DC motor speed control system introduced by Harry Ward Leonard in 1891. In the early 1900s, the control system of Ward Leonard was adopted by the U.S. Navy and a ...
. Electrical equipment by
Brown Boveri
Brown, Boveri & Cie. (Brown, Boveri & Company; BBC) was a Swiss group of electrical engineering companies.
It was founded in Zürich, in 1891 by Charles Eugene Lancelot Brown and Walter Boveri who worked at the Maschinenfabrik Oerlikon. In 1970 ...
*
VL19 (1932-1938), main freight
DC electric locomotive
An electric locomotive is a locomotive powered by electricity from overhead lines, a third rail or on-board energy storage such as a battery or a supercapacitor. Locomotives with on-board fuelled prime movers, such as diesel engines or g ...
. This was the first and (until March 1953) the only serial electric locomotive design which was created in the Soviet Union
*
TE3
The ТE3 (Russian: ''ТЭ3''; ) is a Soviet diesel-electric locomotive, built in Russia and Ukraine
Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which i ...
(1956-1973), twelve-axle (type 2 (30-30)) freight locomotive of 2 × 2000 hp. In the 1960s this was the major driving force for non-electrified railways, replacing steam locomotives
* TEP60 (1960-1985), passenger diesel locomotive.
*
TEP70
The TEP70 is a main line single-unit diesel locomotive, rated at , with AC/DC transmission and individual axle traction control, designed to haul passenger trains on the Russian gauge railway network of eastern Europe. As of 2022, it is still in ...
(1973-2006), passenger diesel locomotive.
* TEP70BS (2006-current), modernized version of the TEP70
*
EP200 (1996), experimental high-speed
AC electric locomotive. Two examples released in 1996. Maximum speed of 200 km / h.
*
TEP80 (1988-1989), experimental passenger diesel locomotive. Two locomotives in this series were built
Locomotive TEP80-0002 set a world record for locomotive speed. The record is 271 km / h (1993). The locomotive, with a commemorative inscription, is now in the museum at
Varshavsky railway station
Varshavsky station (russian: Варша́вский вокза́л, ''Varshavsky vokzal''), or Warsaw station, is a former passenger railway station in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It is located to the south of the city centre, and was in operati ...
, St. Petersburg. The second locomotive, also with a commemorative inscription, is located in
Novosibirsk museum of railway equipment. The record was set by driver Mankiewicz Alexander on October 5, 1993, but is not listed in the
Guinness Book of World Records and is declared by the manufacturer.
*
2TE70 (2004-2010), a freight diesel locomotive with two six-axle sections. This is derived from passenger locomotives TEP70 and TEP70BS and is designed to haul freight trains weighing up to 6,000 tons.
Production
* D41 D43 D47
* D200
* D42
* D300
* 10D49 V16 , 16D49 V16
* 20SD500 V20 10000 hp
* D500
16SD500 V16 , V12 for locomotives
* MTU Fhaven (Tognum TMH)
Gallery
File:Russian loc T series type 132.jpg, Russian steam locomotive T series, type 132 by Kolomna Works
File:WL19-01.jpg, Electric locomotive class VL19
File:TE3-2068 flickr.jpg, Diesel locomotive class TE3
The ТE3 (Russian: ''ТЭ3''; ) is a Soviet diesel-electric locomotive, built in Russia and Ukraine
Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which i ...
File:DieselLoco tep60-1000.jpg, Diesel locomotive TEP-60 in passenger train depot Petersburg Mosc
File:TEP70-0417.jpg, Diesel locomotive class TEP70
The TEP70 is a main line single-unit diesel locomotive, rated at , with AC/DC transmission and individual axle traction control, designed to haul passenger trains on the Russian gauge railway network of eastern Europe. As of 2022, it is still in ...
File:ТЭП70БС.JPG, Russian diesel locomotive TEP70BS (ТЭП70БС) on Komsomolsk-on-Amur station
File:Тепловоз ТЭП80 002 (4).jpg, Diesel locomotive class TEP80
References
{{Transmashholding
Locomotive manufacturers of Russia
Manufacturing companies of the Soviet Union
Diesel engine manufacturers
Marine engine manufacturers
Companies established in 1863
Transmashholding
Companies based in Moscow Oblast
Russian brands
Locomotive engine manufacturers
Engine manufacturers of Russia
Engine manufacturers of the Soviet Union