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Pre-1600

* 451
Battle of Chalons The Battle of the Catalaunian Plains (or Fields), also called the Battle of the Campus Mauriacus, Battle of Châlons, Battle of Troyes or the Battle of Maurica, took place on June 20, 451 AD, between a coalition – led by the Roman general ...
: Flavius Aetius' battles
Attila the Hun Attila (, ; ), frequently called Attila the Hun, was the ruler of the Huns from 434 until his death in March 453. He was also the leader of a tribal empire consisting of Huns, Ostrogoths, Alans, and Bulgars, among others, in Central and E ...
. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory. *
1180 Year 1180 ( MCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * September 24 – Emperor Manuel I (Komnenos) dies after a 37-year reign at ...
First Battle of Uji, starting the Genpei War in
Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the n ...
.


1601–1900

* 1622 – The Battle of Höchst takes place during the
Thirty Years' War The Thirty Years' War was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history, lasting from 1618 to 1648. Fought primarily in Central Europe, an estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died as a result of batt ...
. * 1631 – The
Sack of Baltimore A sack usually refers to a rectangular-shaped bag. Sack may also refer to: Bags * Flour sack * Gunny sack * Hacky sack, sport * Money sack * Paper sack * Sleeping bag * Stuff sack * Knapsack Other uses * Bed, a slang term * Sack (band), an Ir ...
: The Irish village of
Baltimore Baltimore ( , locally: or ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland, fourth most populous city in the Mid-Atlantic, and the 30th most populous city in the United States with a population of 585,708 in 2020. Baltimore was ...
is attacked by
Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...
n
pirates Piracy is an act of robbery or criminal violence by ship or boat-borne attackers upon another ship or a coastal area, typically with the goal of stealing cargo and other valuable goods. Those who conduct acts of piracy are called pirates, v ...
. *
1652 Events January–March * January 8 – Michiel de Ruyter marries the widow Anna van Gelder and plans retirement, but months later becomes a vice-commodore in the First Anglo-Dutch War. * February 4 – At Edinburgh, the parl ...
Tarhoncu Ahmed Pasha is appointed Grand Vizier of the
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University ...
. * 1685Monmouth Rebellion: James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth declares himself King of England at Bridgwater. *
1756 Events January–March * January 16 – The Treaty of Westminster is signed between Great Britain and Prussia, guaranteeing the neutrality of the Kingdom of Hanover, controlled by King George II of Great Britain. * February ...
– A British
garrison A garrison (from the French ''garnison'', itself from the verb ''garnir'', "to equip") is any body of troops stationed in a particular location, originally to guard it. The term now often applies to certain facilities that constitute a mili ...
is imprisoned in the
Black Hole of Calcutta The Black Hole of Calcutta was a dungeon in Fort William, Calcutta, measuring , in which troops of Siraj-ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal, held British prisoners of war on the night of 20 June 1756. John Zephaniah Holwell, one of the Britis ...
. * 1782 – The U.S. Congress adopts the Great Seal of the United States. * 1787Oliver Ellsworth moves at the Federal Convention to call the government the 'United States'. *
1789 Events January–March * January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet ''What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution. * January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential electio ...
Deputies A legislator (also known as a deputy or lawmaker) is a person who writes and passes laws, especially someone who is a member of a legislature. Legislators are often elected by the people of the state. Legislatures may be supra-national (for e ...
of the
French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...
Third Estate take the Tennis Court Oath. * 1791 – King
Louis XVI Louis XVI (''Louis-Auguste''; ; 23 August 175421 January 1793) was the last King of France before the fall of the monarchy during the French Revolution. He was referred to as ''Citizen Louis Capet'' during the four months just before he was ...
, disguised as a valet, and the French royal family attempt to flee Paris during the French Revolution. * 1819 – The U.S. vessel arrives at
Liverpool Liverpool is a City status in the United Kingdom, city and metropolitan borough in Merseyside, England. With a population of in 2019, it is the List of English districts by population, 10th largest English district by population and its E ...
, United Kingdom. It is the first steam-propelled vessel to cross the
Atlantic The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans, with an area of about . It covers approximately 20% of Earth's surface and about 29% of its water surface area. It is known to separate the " Old World" of Africa, Europe ...
, although most of the journey is made under sail. * 1837
Queen Victoria Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death in 1901. Her reign of 63 years and 216 days was longer than that of any previ ...
succeeds to the British throne. * 1840Samuel Morse receives the patent for the
telegraph Telegraphy is the long-distance transmission of messages where the sender uses symbolic codes, known to the recipient, rather than a physical exchange of an object bearing the message. Thus flag semaphore is a method of telegraphy, whereas ...
. *
1862 Events January–March * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – French intervention in Mexico: French, Spanish and British forces arrive in Veracruz, Mexico. * January ...
Barbu Catargiu Barbu Catargiu (26 October 1807 – ) was a conservative Romanian politician and journalist. He was the first Prime Minister of Romania, in 1862, until he was assassinated on 20 June that year. He was a staunch defender of the great estates of t ...
, the
Prime Minister of Romania The prime minister of Romania ( ro, Prim-ministrul României), officially the prime minister of the Government of Romania ( ro, Prim-ministrul Guvernului României, link=no), is the head of the Government of Romania. Initially, the office was s ...
, is assassinated. * 1863
American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by Names of the American Civil War, other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union (American Civil War), Union ("the North") and t ...
:
West Virginia West Virginia is a state in the Appalachian, Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States.The Census Bureau and the Association of American Geographers classify West Virginia as part of the Southern United States while the ...
is admitted as the 35th U.S. state. *
1877 Events January–March * January 1 – Queen Victoria is proclaimed ''Empress of India'' by the ''Royal Titles Act 1876'', introduced by Benjamin Disraeli, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom . * January 8 – Great ...
Alexander Graham Bell Alexander Graham Bell (, born Alexander Bell; March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was a Scottish-born inventor, scientist and engineer who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone. He also co-founded the American Telephone and T ...
installs the world's first commercial
telephone A telephone is a telecommunications device that permits two or more users to conduct a conversation when they are too far apart to be easily heard directly. A telephone converts sound, typically and most efficiently the human voice, into e ...
service in
Hamilton, Ontario Hamilton is a port city in the Canadian province of Ontario. Hamilton has a population of 569,353, and its census metropolitan area, which includes Burlington and Grimsby, has a population of 785,184. The city is approximately southwest of ...
, Canada. * 1893
Lizzie Borden Lizzie Andrew Borden (July 19, 1860 – June 1, 1927) was an American woman tried and acquitted of the August 4, 1892 axe murders of her father and stepmother in Fall River, Massachusetts. No one else was charged in the murders, and despite ost ...
is acquitted of the murders of her father and stepmother. * 1895 – The Kiel Canal, crossing the base of the
Jutland Jutland ( da, Jylland ; german: Jütland ; ang, Ēota land ), known anciently as the Cimbric or Cimbrian Peninsula ( la, Cimbricus Chersonesus; da, den Kimbriske Halvø, links=no or ; german: Kimbrische Halbinsel, links=no), is a peninsula of ...
peninsula and the busiest artificial waterway in the world, is officially opened. * 1900
Boxer Rebellion The Boxer Rebellion, also known as the Boxer Uprising, the Boxer Insurrection, or the Yihetuan Movement, was an Xenophobia, anti-foreign, anti-colonialism, anti-colonial, and Persecution of Christians#China, anti-Christian uprising in China ...
: The Imperial Chinese Army begins a 55-day siege of the Legation Quarter in Beijing, China. * 1900 – Baron Eduard Toll, leader of the Russian Polar Expedition of 1900, departs
Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...
in Russia on the explorer ship ''
Zarya Zarya may refer to: *Zorya, personification of dawn in Slavic mythology * Zarya (antenna), a type of medium-wave broadcasting antenna used in former Soviet Union *Zarya (ISS module) is a module of the International Space Station. * ''Zarya'' (magazi ...
'', never to return.


1901–present

*
1921 Events January * January 2 ** The Association football club Cruzeiro Esporte Clube, from Belo Horizonte, is founded as the multi-sports club Palestra Italia by Italian expatriates in Brazil. ** The Spanish liner ''Santa Isabel'' bre ...
– Workers of
Buckingham and Carnatic Mills Buckingham and Carnatic Mills, popularly known as B & C Mills, were textile mills run by Binny and Co. in the city of Chennai, India. The mills were closed down in 1996 and the site is now used as a container freight station and is a popular ve ...
in the city of
Chennai Chennai (, ), formerly known as Madras ( the official name until 1996), is the capital city of Tamil Nadu, the southernmost Indian state. The largest city of the state in area and population, Chennai is located on the Coromandel Coast of th ...
, India, begin a four-month strike. * 1926 – The 28th International Eucharistic Congress begins in
Chicago (''City in a Garden''); I Will , image_map = , map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = List of sovereign states, Count ...
, with over 250,000 spectators attending the opening procession. * 1942
The Holocaust The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europ ...
: Kazimierz Piechowski and three others, dressed as members of the SS-Totenkopfverbände, steal an SS staff car and escape from the
Auschwitz concentration camp Auschwitz concentration camp ( (); also or ) was a complex of over 40 concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland (in a portion annexed into Germany in 1939) during World War II and the Holocaust. I ...
. * 1943 – The Detroit race riot breaks out and continues for three more days. * 1943 –
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
: The
Royal Air Force The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the United Kingdom's air and space force. It was formed towards the end of the First World War on 1 April 1918, becoming the first independent air force in the world, by regrouping the Royal Flying Corps (RFC) an ...
launches Operation Bellicose, the first shuttle bombing raid of the war.
Avro Lancaster The Avro Lancaster is a British Second World War heavy bomber. It was designed and manufactured by Avro as a contemporary of the Handley Page Halifax, both bombers having been developed to the same specification, as well as the Short Stir ...
bombers damage the
V-2 rocket The V-2 (german: Vergeltungswaffe 2, lit=Retaliation Weapon 2), with the technical name ''Aggregat 4'' (A-4), was the world’s first long-range guided ballistic missile. The missile, powered by a liquid-propellant rocket engine, was develop ...
production facilities at the Zeppelin Works while en route to an air base in Algeria. *
1944 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 2 – WWII: ** Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in ...
– World War II: The Battle of the Philippine Sea concludes with a decisive U.S. naval victory. The lopsided naval air battle is also known as the "Great Marianas Turkey Shoot". * 1944 – Continuation War: The
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
demands an unconditional surrender from Finland during the beginning of partially successful Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive. The Finnish government refuses. * 1944 – The experimental MW 18014
V-2 rocket The V-2 (german: Vergeltungswaffe 2, lit=Retaliation Weapon 2), with the technical name ''Aggregat 4'' (A-4), was the world’s first long-range guided ballistic missile. The missile, powered by a liquid-propellant rocket engine, was develop ...
reaches an altitude of 176 km, becoming the first man-made object to reach outer space. * 1945 – The
United States Secretary of State The United States secretary of state is a member of the executive branch of the federal government of the United States and the head of the U.S. Department of State. The office holder is one of the highest ranking members of the president's Ca ...
approves the transfer of Wernher von Braun and his team of Nazi rocket scientists to the U.S. under
Operation Paperclip Operation Paperclip was a secret United States intelligence program in which more than 1,600 German scientists, engineers, and technicians were taken from the former Nazi Germany to the U.S. for government employment after the end of World War ...
. * 1948 – The Deutsche Mark is introduced in Western
Allied-occupied Germany Germany was already de facto occupied by the Allies from the real fall of Nazi Germany in World War II on 8 May 1945 to the establishment of the East Germany on 7 October 1949. The Allies (United States, United Kingdom, Soviet Union, and Franc ...
. The
Soviet Military Administration in Germany The Soviet Military Administration in Germany (russian: Советская военная администрация в Германии, СВАГ; ''Sovyetskaya Voyennaya Administratsiya v Germanii'', SVAG; german: Sowjetische Militäradministrat ...
responded by imposing the Berlin Blockade four days later. *
1956 Events January * January 1 – The Anglo-Egyptian Condominium ends in Sudan. * January 8 – Operation Auca: Five U.S. evangelical Christian missionaries, Nate Saint, Roger Youderian, Ed McCully, Jim Elliot and Pete Fleming, are kille ...
– A
Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in th ...
n Super-Constellation crashes in the Atlantic Ocean off Asbury Park, New Jersey, killing 74 people. * 1959A rare June hurricane strikes Canada's Gulf of St. Lawrence killing 35. *
1960 It is also known as the "Year of Africa" because of major events—particularly the independence of seventeen African nations—that focused global attention on the continent and intensified feelings of Pan-Africanism. Events January * Ja ...
– The Mali Federation gains independence from France (it later splits into
Mali Mali (; ), officially the Republic of Mali,, , ff, 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞥆𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭, Renndaandi Maali, italics=no, ar, جمهورية مالي, Jumhūriyyāt Mālī is a landlocked country in West Africa. Ma ...
and
Senegal Senegal,; Wolof: ''Senegaal''; Pulaar: 𞤅𞤫𞤲𞤫𞤺𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭 (Senegaali); Arabic: السنغال ''As-Sinighal'') officially the Republic of Senegal,; Wolof: ''Réewum Senegaal''; Pulaar : 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 ...
). * 1963 – Following the
Cuban Missile Crisis The Cuban Missile Crisis, also known as the October Crisis (of 1962) ( es, Crisis de Octubre) in Cuba, the Caribbean Crisis () in Russia, or the Missile Scare, was a 35-day (16 October – 20 November 1962) confrontation between the United S ...
, the Soviet Union and the United States sign an agreement to establish the so-called " red telephone" link between Washington, D.C. and
Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
. * 1964 – A
Curtiss C-46 Commando The Curtiss C-46 Commando is a twin-engine transport aircraft derived from the Curtiss CW-20 pressurised high-altitude airliner design. Early press reports used the name "Condor III" but the Commando name was in use by early 1942 in company pub ...
crashes in the Shengang District of Taiwan, killing 57 people. * 1972
Watergate scandal The Watergate scandal was a major political scandal in the United States involving the administration of President Richard Nixon from 1972 to 1974 that led to Nixon's resignation. The scandal stemmed from the Nixon administration's contin ...
: An 18½-minute gap appears in the tape recording of the conversations between U.S. President
Richard Nixon Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was ...
and his advisers regarding the recent arrests of his operatives while breaking into the Watergate complex. * 1973
Sniper A sniper is a military/paramilitary marksman who engages targets from positions of concealment or at distances exceeding the target's detection capabilities. Snipers generally have specialized training and are equipped with high-precision r ...
s fire upon left-wing Peronists in
Buenos Aires Buenos Aires ( or ; ), officially the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires ( es, link=no, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires), is the capital and primate city of Argentina. The city is located on the western shore of the Río de la Plata, on South ...
,
Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest ...
, in what is known as the Ezeiza massacre. At least 13 are killed and more than 300 are injured. * 1973 – Aeroméxico Flight 229 crashes on approach to Licenciado Gustavo Díaz Ordaz International Airport, killing all 27 people on board. *
1975 It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe. Events January * January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
– The film ''
Jaws Jaws or Jaw may refer to: Anatomy * Jaw, an opposable articulated structure at the entrance of the mouth ** Mandible, the lower jaw Arts, entertainment, and media * Jaws (James Bond), a character in ''The Spy Who Loved Me'' and ''Moonraker'' * ...
'' is released in the United States, becoming the highest-grossing film of that time and starting the trend of films known as " summer blockbusters". * 1979
ABC News ABC News is the news division of the American broadcast network ABC. Its flagship program is the daily evening newscast '' ABC World News Tonight with David Muir''; other programs include morning news-talk show '' Good Morning America'', '' ...
correspondent Bill Stewart is shot dead by a Nicaraguan National Guard soldier under the regime of
Anastasio Somoza Debayle Anastasio "Tachito" Somoza Debayle (; 5 December 1925 – 17 September 1980) was the President of Nicaragua from 1 May 1967 to 1 May 1972 and from 1 December 1974 to 17 July 1979. As head of the National Guard, he was ''de facto'' ruler of t ...
during the
Nicaraguan Revolution The Nicaraguan Revolution ( es, Revolución Nicaragüense or Revolución Popular Sandinista, link=no) encompassed the rising opposition to the Somoza dictatorship in the 1960s and 1970s, the campaign led by the Sandinista National Liberation F ...
. The murder is caught on tape and sparks an international outcry against the regime. *
1982 Events January * January 1 – In Malaysia and Singapore, clocks are adjusted to the same time zone, UTC+8 (GMT+8.00). * January 13 – Air Florida Flight 90 crashes shortly after takeoff into the 14th Street Bridge in Washington, D.C ...
– The
International Conference on the Holocaust and Genocide The International Conference on the Holocaust and Genocide was the first major conference in the field of genocide studies, held in Tel Aviv on 20–24 June 1982. It was organized by Israel Charny, Elie Wiesel, Shamai Davidson, and their Instit ...
opens in
Tel Aviv Tel Aviv-Yafo ( he, תֵּל־אָבִיב-יָפוֹ, translit=Tēl-ʾĀvīv-Yāfō ; ar, تَلّ أَبِيب – يَافَا, translit=Tall ʾAbīb-Yāfā, links=no), often referred to as just Tel Aviv, is the most populous city in the G ...
, despite attempts by the Turkish government to cancel it, as it included presentations on the
Armenian genocide The Armenian genocide was the systematic destruction of the Armenian people and identity in the Ottoman Empire during World War I. Spearheaded by the ruling Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), it was implemented primarily through t ...
. *
1982 Events January * January 1 – In Malaysia and Singapore, clocks are adjusted to the same time zone, UTC+8 (GMT+8.00). * January 13 – Air Florida Flight 90 crashes shortly after takeoff into the 14th Street Bridge in Washington, D.C ...
– The Argentine Corbeta Uruguay base on Southern Thule surrenders to Royal Marine commandos in the final action of the
Falklands War The Falklands War ( es, link=no, Guerra de las Malvinas) was a ten-week undeclared war between Argentina and the United Kingdom in 1982 over two British dependent territories in the South Atlantic: the Falkland Islands and its territorial ...
. * 1988 – Haitian President Leslie Manigat is ousted from power in a
coup d'état A coup d'état (; French for 'stroke of state'), also known as a coup or overthrow, is a seizure and removal of a government and its powers. Typically, it is an illegal seizure of power by a political faction, politician, cult, rebel group, m ...
led by Lieutenant general
Henri Namphy Henri Namphy (2 October 1932 – 26 June 2018) was a Haitian general and political figure who served as President of Haiti's interim ruling body, the National Council of Government, from 7 February 1986 to 7 February 1988. He served again as Pre ...
. *
1990 File:1990 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1990 FIFA World Cup is played in Italy; The Human Genome Project is launched; Voyager I takes the famous Pale Blue Dot image- speaking on the fragility of humanity on Earth, astrophysicis ...
Asteroid An asteroid is a minor planet of the inner Solar System. Sizes and shapes of asteroids vary significantly, ranging from 1-meter rocks to a dwarf planet almost 1000 km in diameter; they are rocky, metallic or icy bodies with no atmosphere. ...
Eureka is discovered. * 1990 – The 7.4 Manjil–Rudbar earthquake affects northern
Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (''Extreme''), killing 35,000–50,000, and injuring 60,000–105,000. * 1991 – The
German Bundestag German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...
votes to move seat of government from the former West German capital of
Bonn The federal city of Bonn ( lat, Bonna) is a city on the banks of the Rhine in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, with a population of over 300,000. About south-southeast of Cologne, Bonn is in the southernmost part of the Rhine-Ru ...
to the present capital of
Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitu ...
. *
1994 File:1994 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; The Kaiser Permanente building after the 1994 Northridge earthquake; A model of the MS Estonia, which sank in the Baltic Sea; Nels ...
– The 1994 Imam Reza shrine bomb explosion in
Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
leaves at least 25 dead and 70 to 300 injured. *
2003 File:2003 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The crew of STS-107 perished when the Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrated during reentry into Earth's atmosphere; SARS became an epidemic in China, and was a precursor to SARS-CoV-2; A ...
– The
Wikimedia Foundation The Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., or Wikimedia for short and abbreviated as WMF, is an American 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization headquartered in San Francisco, California and registered as a charitable foundation under local laws. Best know ...
is founded in St. Petersburg, Florida. * 2019 – Iran's Air Defense Forces shoot down an American surveillance drone over the Strait of Hormuz amid rising tensions between the two countries.


Births


Pre-1600

* 1005
Ali az-Zahir Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥākim ( ar, أبو الحسن علي ابن الحاكم; 20 June 1005 – 13 June 1036), better known with his regnal name al-Ẓāhir li-iʿzāz Dīn Allāh ( ar, الظاهر لإعزاز دين الله, ...
, Fatimid caliph of Egypt (d. 1036) * 1389John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, English statesman (d. 1435) * 1469
Gian Galeazzo Sforza Gian Galeazzo Sforza (20 June 1469 – 21 October 1494), also known as Giovan Galeazzo Sforza, was the sixth Duke of Milan. Early life Born in Abbiategrasso, he was only seven years old when in 1476 his father, Galeazzo Maria Sforza, was assas ...
, duke of Milan (d. 1494) * 1566Sigismund III Vasa, Polish and Swedish king (d. 1632) *
1583 __NOTOC__ Events January–June * January 18 – François, Duke of Anjou, attacks Antwerp. * February 4 – Gebhard Truchsess von Waldburg, newly converted to Calvinism, formally marries Agnes von Mansfeld-Eisleben, a f ...
Jacob De la Gardie, Swedish soldier and politician, Lord High Constable of Sweden (d. 1652)


1601–1900

* 1634Charles Emmanuel II, duke of Savoy (d. 1675) * 1642 – ( O.S.) George Hickes, English minister and scholar (d. 1715) * 1647 – ( O.S.) John George III, Elector of Saxony (d. 1691) *
1717 Events January–March * January 1 – Count Carl Gyllenborg, the Swedish ambassador to the Kingdom of Great Britain, is arrested in London over a plot to assist the Pretender to the British throne, James Francis Edward Stuart. * J ...
Jacques Saly Jacques François Joseph Saly, also known as Jacques Saly (20 June 1717 – 4 May 1776), French-born sculptor who worked in France, Italy and Malta. He is commonly associated with his time in Denmark he served as Director of the Royal Danis ...
, French sculptor and painter (d. 1776) * 1723 – ( O.S.)
Adam Ferguson Adam Ferguson, (Scottish Gaelic: ''Adhamh MacFhearghais''), also known as Ferguson of Raith (1 July N.S./20 June O.S. 1723 – 22 February 1816), was a Scottish philosopher and historian of the Scottish Enlightenment. Ferguson was sympathet ...
, Scottish philosopher and historian (d. 1816) * 1737Tokugawa Ieharu, Japanese shōgun (d. 1786) *
1754 Events January–March * January 28 – Horace Walpole, in a letter to Horace Mann, coins the word ''serendipity''. * February 22 – Expecting an attack by Portuguese-speaking militias in the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Pla ...
Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt, princess of Baden (d. 1832) *
1756 Events January–March * January 16 – The Treaty of Westminster is signed between Great Britain and Prussia, guaranteeing the neutrality of the Kingdom of Hanover, controlled by King George II of Great Britain. * February ...
Joseph Martin Kraus, German-Swedish composer and educator (d. 1792) * 1761
Jacob Hübner Jacob Hübner (20 June 1761 – 13 September 1826, in Augsburg) was a German entomologist. He was the author of ''Sammlung Europäischer Schmetterlinge'' (1796–1805), a founding work of entomology. Scientific career Hübner was the author of ' ...
, German entomologist and author (d. 1826) * 1763
Wolfe Tone Theobald Wolfe Tone, posthumously known as Wolfe Tone ( ga, Bhulbh Teón; 20 June 176319 November 1798), was a leading Irish revolutionary figure and one of the founding members in Belfast and Dublin of the United Irishmen, a republican socie ...
, Irish rebel leader (d. 1798) * 1770
Moses Waddel Moses Waddel (June 20, 1770 – July 21, 1840) was an American educator and minister in antebellum Georgia and South Carolina. Famous as a teacher during his life, Moses Waddel was author of the bestselling book ''Memoirs of the Life of Miss ...
, American minister and academic (d. 1840) * 1771
Thomas Douglas, 5th Earl of Selkirk Thomas may refer to: People * List of people with given name Thomas * Thomas (name) * Thomas (surname) * Saint Thomas (disambiguation) * Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) Italian Dominican friar, philosopher, and Doctor of the Church * Thomas the ...
, Scottish philanthropist and politician,
Lord Lieutenant of Kirkcudbright Lord is an appellation for a person or deity who has authority, control, or power over others, acting as a master, chief, or ruler. The appellation can also denote certain persons who hold a title of the peerage in the United Kingdom, or are ...
(d. 1820) * 1771 – Hermann von Boyen, Prussian general and politician, Prussian Minister of War (d. 1848) * 1777Jean-Jacques Lartigue, Canadian bishop (d. 1840) * 1778Jean Baptiste Gay, vicomte de Martignac, French politician, 7th Prime Minister of France (d. 1832) * 1786Marceline Desbordes-Valmore, French poet and author (d. 1859) *
1796 Events January–March * January 16 – The first Dutch (and general) elections are held for the National Assembly of the Batavian Republic. (The next Dutch general elections are held in 1888.) * February 1 – The capital ...
Luigi Amat di San Filippo e Sorso Luigi Amat di San Filippo e Sorso (20 June 1796 – 30 March 1878) was the dean of the College of Cardinals during the last part of the record long reign of Pope Pius IX. Biography The issue of an ancient and noble Catalan Sardinian family,As fo ...
, Italian cardinal (d. 1878) * 1808
Samson Raphael Hirsch Samson Raphael Hirsch (; June 20, 1808 – December 31, 1888) was a German Orthodox rabbi best known as the intellectual founder of the ''Torah im Derech Eretz'' school of contemporary Orthodox Judaism. Occasionally termed ''neo-Orthodoxy'', hi ...
, German rabbi and scholar (d. 1888) * 1809
Isaak August Dorner Isaak August Dorner (20 June 1809 – 8 July 1884) was a German Lutheran church leader. He was a meditating theologian in nineteenth-century Germany who served as a professor of theology at the University of Berlin and had an international influenc ...
, German theologian and academic (d. 1884) * 1813Joseph Autran, French poet and author (d. 1877) * 1819Jacques Offenbach, German-French cellist and composer (d. 1880) * 1847
Gina Krog Jørgine Anna Sverdrup "Gina" Krog (20 June 1847 – 14 April 1916) was a Norwegian suffragist, teacher, liberal politician, writer and editor, and a major figure in liberal feminism in Scandinavia. She played a central role in the Norwegian l ...
, Norwegian suffragist and women's rights activist (d. 1916) * 1855Richard Lodge, English historian and academic (d. 1936) * 1858
Charles W. Chesnutt Charles Waddell Chesnutt (June 20, 1858 – November 15, 1932) was an American author, essayist, political activist and lawyer, best known for his novels and short stories exploring complex issues of racial and social identity in the post-Civ ...
, American novelist and short story writer (d. 1932) * 1859
Christian von Ehrenfels Christian von Ehrenfels (also ''Maria Christian Julius Leopold Freiherr von Ehrenfels''; 20 June 1859 – 8 September 1932) was an Austrian philosopher, and is known as one of the founders and precursors of Gestalt psychology. Christian von Ehre ...
, Austrian philosopher (d. 1932) *
1860 Events January–March * January 2 – The discovery of a hypothetical planet Vulcan is announced at a meeting of the French Academy of Sciences in Paris, France. * January 10 – The Pemberton Mill in Lawrence, Massachusetts ...
Alexander Winton Alexander Winton (June 20, 1860 – June 21, 1932) was a Scottish-American bicycle, automobile, and diesel engine designer and inventor, as well as a businessman and racecar driver. Winton founded the Winton Motor Carriage Company in 1897 in Clev ...
, Scottish-American race car driver and engineer (d. 1932) * 1860 – Jack Worrall, Australian cricketer, footballer, and coach (d. 1937) * 1861 – Frederick Gowland Hopkins, English biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1947) *1865 – George Redmayne Murray, English biologist and physician (d. 1939) *1866 – James Burns (cricketer), James Burns, English cricketer (d. 1957) *1867 – Leon Wachholz, Polish scientist and medical examiner (d. 1942) *1869 – Laxmanrao Kirloskar, Indian businessman, founded the Kirloskar Group (d. 1956) *1870 – Georges Dufrénoy, French painter and academic (d. 1943) *1872 – George Carpenter (Salvation Army), George Carpenter, American 5th General of The Salvation Army (d. 1948) *1875 – Reginald Punnett, English geneticist, statistician, and academic (d. 1967) *1882 – Daniel Sawyer, American golfer (d. 1937) *1884 – Mary R. Calvert, American astronomer and author (d. 1974) * 1884 – Johannes Heinrich Schultz, German psychiatrist and psychotherapist (d. 1970) *1885 – Andrzej Gawroński, Polish linguist and academic (d. 1927) *1887 – Kurt Schwitters, German painter and illustrator (d. 1948) *1889 – John S. Paraskevopoulos, Greek-South African astronomer and academic (d. 1951) *1891 – Giannina Arangi-Lombardi, Italian soprano (d. 1951) * 1891 – John A. Costello, Irish lawyer and politician, 3rd Taoiseach, Taoiseach of Ireland (d. 1976) * 1893 – Wilhelm Zaisser, German soldier and politician (d. 1958) *1894 – Lloyd Hall, American chemist and academic (d. 1971) *1896 – Wilfrid Pelletier, Canadian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1982) *1897 – Elisabeth Hauptmann, German author and playwright (d. 1973) *1899 – Jean Moulin, French soldier and engineer (d. 1943)


1901–present

*1903 – Samuel Rabin (artist), Sam Rabin, English wrestler, sculptor, and singer (d. 1991) *1905 – Lillian Hellman, American playwright and screenwriter (d. 1984) *1906 – Bob King (athlete), Bob King, American high jumper and obstetrician (d. 1965) *1907 – Jimmy Driftwood, American singer-songwriter and banjo player (d. 1998) *1908 – Billy Werber, American baseball player (d. 2009) * 1908 – Gus Schilling, American actor (d. 1957) *1909 – Errol Flynn, Australian-American actor (d. 1959) *1910 – Josephine Johnson, American author and poet (d. 1990) *1911 – Gail Patrick, American actress (d. 1980) *1912 – Anthony Buckeridge, English author (d. 2004) * 1912 – Jack Torrance (athlete), Jack Torrance, American shot putter and football player (d. 1969) *1912 – Geoffrey Baker (British Army officer), Geoffrey Baker, English Field marshal (United Kingdom), Field Marshal and Chief of the General Staff (United Kingdom), Chief of the General Staff of the British Army (d. 1980) *1914 – Gordon Juckes, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1994) * 1914 – Muazzez İlmiye Çığ, Turkish archaeologist and academic *1915 – Dick Reynolds, Australian footballer and coach (d. 2002) * 1915 – Terence Young (director), Terence Young, Chinese-English director and screenwriter (d. 1994) *1916 – Jean-Jacques Bertrand, Canadian lawyer and politician, 21st Premier of Quebec (d. 1973) * 1916 – T. Texas Tyler, American country music singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1972) *1917 – Helena Rasiowa, Austrian-Polish mathematician and academic (d. 1994) *1918 – George Lynch (racing driver), George Lynch, American race car driver (d. 1997) * 1918 – Zoltán Sztáray, Hungarian-American author (d. 2011) * 1920 – Danny Cedrone, American guitarist and bandleader (d. 1954) * 1920 – Thomas Jefferson (musician), Thomas Jefferson, American trumpet player (d. 1986) *
1921 Events January * January 2 ** The Association football club Cruzeiro Esporte Clube, from Belo Horizonte, is founded as the multi-sports club Palestra Italia by Italian expatriates in Brazil. ** The Spanish liner ''Santa Isabel'' bre ...
– Byron Farwell, American historian and author (d. 1999) * 1921 – Pancho Segura, Ecuadorian tennis player (d. 2017) *1923 – Peter Gay, German-American historian, author, and academic (d. 2015) * 1923 – Jerzy Nowak, Polish actor and educator (d. 2013) *1924 – Chet Atkins, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2001) * 1924 – Fritz Koenig, German sculptor and academic, designed The Sphere (d. 2017) *1925 – Doris Hart, American tennis player and educator (d. 2015) * 1925 – Audie Murphy, American lieutenant and actor, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1971) * 1926 – Rehavam Ze'evi, Israeli general and politician, 9th Tourism Ministry (Israel), Israeli Minister of Tourism (d. 2001) *1927 – Simin Behbahani, Iranian poet and activist (d. 2014) *1928 – Eric Dolphy, American saxophonist, flute player, and composer (d. 1964) * 1928 – Martin Landau, American actor and producer (d. 2017) * 1928 – Jean-Marie Le Pen, French intelligence officer and politician * 1928 – Asrat Woldeyes, Ethiopian surgeon and educator (d. 1999) *1929 – Edgar Bronfman, Sr., Canadian-American businessman and philanthropist (d. 2013) * 1929 – Anne Weale, English journalist and author (d. 2007) * 1929 – Edith Windsor, American lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender rights activist (d. 2017) *1930 – Magdalena Abakanowicz, Polish sculptor and academic (d. 2017) * 1930 – John Waine, English bishop (d. 2020) *1931 – Olympia Dukakis, American actress (d. 2021) * 1931 – James Tolkan, American actor and director *1932 – Robert Rozhdestvensky, Russian poet and author (d. 1994) *1933 – Danny Aiello, American actor (d. 2019) * 1933 – Claire Tomalin, English journalist and author *1934 – Wendy Craig, English actress *1935 – Jim Barker (politician), Jim Barker, American politician (d. 2005) * 1935 – Len Dawson, American football player (d. 2022) * 1935 – Armando Picchi, Italian footballer and coach (d. 1971) *1936 – Billy Guy, American singer (d. 2002) * 1936 – Enn Vetemaa, Estonian author and screenwriter (d. 2017) *1937 – Stafford Dean, English actor and singer * 1937 – Jerry Keller, American singer-songwriter *1938 – Joan Kirner, Australian educator and politician, 42nd Premier of Victoria (d. 2015) * 1938 – Mickie Most, English music producer (d. 2003) *1939 – Ramakant Desai, Indian cricketer (d. 1998) * 1939 – Budge Rogers, English rugby player and manager *1940 – Eugen Drewermann, German priest and theologian * 1940 – John Mahoney, English-born American actor (d. 2018) *1941 – Stephen Frears, English actor, director, and producer * 1941 – Ulf Merbold, German physicist and astronaut * 1942 – Neil Trudinger, Australian mathematician and theorist * 1942 – Brian Wilson, American singer-songwriter and producer * 1945 – Anne Murray, Canadian singer and guitarist *1946 – Xanana Gusmão, Timorese soldier and politician, 1st President of East Timor * 1946 – David Kazhdan, Russian-Israeli mathematician and academic * 1946 – Bob Vila, American television host * 1946 – André Watts, American pianist and educator *1947 – Dolores "LaLa" Brooks, American pop singer * 1948 – Cirilo Flores, American bishop (d. 2014) * 1948 – Alan Longmuir, Scottish bass player and songwriter (d. 2018) * 1948 – Ludwig Scotty, Nauruan politician, 10th President of Nauru *1949 – Gotabaya Rajapaksa, 8th president of Sri Lanka * 1949 – Lionel Richie, American singer-songwriter, pianist, producer, and actor *1950 – Nouri al-Maliki, Iraqi politician, 76th Prime Minister of Iraq *1951 – Tress MacNeille, American actress and voice artist * 1951 – Sheila McLean, Scottish scholar and academic * 1951 – Paul Muldoon, Irish poet and academic *1952 – John Goodman, American actor * 1952 – Vikram Seth, Indian author and poet *1953 – Robert Crais, American author and screenwriter * 1953 – Raúl Ramírez, Mexican tennis player * 1953 – Willy Rampf, German engineer *1954 – Allan Lamb, South African-English cricketer and sportscaster * 1954 – Ilan Ramon, Israeli colonel, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2003) *1955 – E. Lynn Harris, American author (d. 2009) *
1956 Events January * January 1 – The Anglo-Egyptian Condominium ends in Sudan. * January 8 – Operation Auca: Five U.S. evangelical Christian missionaries, Nate Saint, Roger Youderian, Ed McCully, Jim Elliot and Pete Fleming, are kille ...
– Peter Reid, English footballer and manager * 1956 – Sohn Suk-hee, South Korean newscaster *1958 – Kelly Johnson (guitarist), Kelly Johnson, English hard rock guitarist and songwriter (d. 2007) *
1960 It is also known as the "Year of Africa" because of major events—particularly the independence of seventeen African nations—that focused global attention on the continent and intensified feelings of Pan-Africanism. Events January * Ja ...
– Philip M. Parker, American economist and author * 1960 – John Taylor (bass guitarist), John Taylor, English singer-songwriter, bass player, and actor * 1963 – Kirk Baptiste, American sprinter * 1963 – Mark Ovenden, British author and broadcaster * 1964 – Pierfrancesco Chili, Italian motorcycle racer * 1964 – Silke Möller, German runner *1966 – Boaz Yakin, American director, producer, and screenwriter *1967 – Nicole Kidman, American-Australian actress * 1967 – Dan Tyminski, American singer-songwriter *1968 – Robert Rodriguez, American director, producer, and screenwriter *1969 – Paulo Bento, Portuguese footballer and manager * 1969 – Misha Verbitsky, Russian mathematician and academic * 1969 – MaliVai Washington, American tennis player and sportscaster *1970 – Andrea Nahles, German politician, List of German labour ministers, German Minister of Labour and Social Affairs * 1970 – Athol Williams, South African poet and social philosopher *1971 – Rodney Rogers, American basketball player and coach * 1971 – Jeordie White, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and bass player * 1972 – Alexis Alexoudis, Greek footballer * 1973 – Chino Moreno, American singer-songwriter *
1975 It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe. Events January * January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
– Joan Balcells, Spanish tennis player * 1975 – Daniel Zítka, Czech footballer *1976 – Juliano Belletti, Brazilian footballer * 1976 – Carlos Lee, Panamanian baseball player *1977 – Gordan Giriček, Croatian basketball player * 1977 – Amos Lee, American singer-songwriter *1978 – Frank Lampard, English footballer * 1978 – Jan-Paul Saeijs, Dutch footballer * 1979 – Charles Howell III, American golfer *1980 – Franco Semioli, Italian footballer * 1980 – Fabian Wegmann, German cyclist *1981 – Brede Hangeland, Norwegian footballer *
1982 Events January * January 1 – In Malaysia and Singapore, clocks are adjusted to the same time zone, UTC+8 (GMT+8.00). * January 13 – Air Florida Flight 90 crashes shortly after takeoff into the 14th Street Bridge in Washington, D.C ...
– Aleksei Berezutski, Russian footballer * 1982 – Vasili Berezutski, Russian footballer * 1982 – Example (musician), Example, English singer/rapper *1983 – Josh Childress, American basketball player * 1983 – Darren Sproles, American football player *1984 – Hassan Adams, American basketball player *1985 – Saki Aibu, Japanese actress * 1985 – Aurélien Chedjou, Cameroonian footballer * 1985 – Matt Flynn, American football player *1986 – Dreama Walker, American actress *1987 – A-fu, Taiwanese singer and songwriter * 1987 – Carsten Ball, Australian tennis player * 1987 – Asmir Begović, Bosnian footballer * 1987 – Joseph Ebuya, Kenyan runner *1989 – Christopher Mintz-Plasse, American actor * 1989 – Javier Pastore, Argentinian footballer * 1989 – Terrelle Pryor, American football player *
1990 File:1990 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1990 FIFA World Cup is played in Italy; The Human Genome Project is launched; Voyager I takes the famous Pale Blue Dot image- speaking on the fragility of humanity on Earth, astrophysicis ...
– DeQuan Jones, American basketball player * 1991 – Kalidou Koulibaly, Senegalese footballer * 1991 – Rick ten Voorde, Dutch footballer *
1994 File:1994 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; The Kaiser Permanente building after the 1994 Northridge earthquake; A model of the MS Estonia, which sank in the Baltic Sea; Nels ...
– Leonard Williams (American football), Leonard Williams, American football player *1995 – Caroline Weir, Scottish footballer *1995, 1995 – Carol Zhao, Canadian tennis player *1996 – Sam Bennett (ice hockey), Sam Bennett, Canadian ice hockey player *1997 – Bálint Kopasz, Hungarian sprint canoeist *
2003 File:2003 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The crew of STS-107 perished when the Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrated during reentry into Earth's atmosphere; SARS became an epidemic in China, and was a precursor to SARS-CoV-2; A ...
– Hans Niemann, American chess player


Deaths


Pre-1600

* 465 – Emperor Wencheng of Northern Wei (b. 440) * 656 – Uthman ibn Affan, Rashidun Caliphate, Rashidun caliph (b. 577) * 840 – Louis the Pious, Carolingian Empire, Carolingian emperor (b. 778) * 930 – Hucbald, Frankish monk and Music theory, music theorist * 981 – Adalbert of Magdeburg, Adalbert, archbishop of Archbishopric of Magdeburg, Magdeburg *1176 – Mikhail of Vladimir, Russian prince *1351 – Margareta Ebner, German nun and mystic (b. 1291) *1597 – Willem Barentsz, Dutch cartographer and explorer (b. 1550)


1601–1900

*1605 – Feodor II of Russia (b. 1589) *1668 – Heinrich Roth, German missionary and scholar (b. 1620) *1776 – Benjamin Huntsman, English businessman (b. 1704) * 1787 – Carl Friedrich Abel, German viol player and composer (b. 1723) *1800 – Abraham Gotthelf Kästner, German mathematician and academic (b. 1719) *1810 – Axel von Fersen the Younger, Swedish general and politician (b. 1755) *1815 – Guillaume Philibert Duhesme, French general (b. 1766) *1820 – Manuel Belgrano, Argentinian general, economist, and politician (b. 1770) * 1837 – William IV of the United Kingdom (b. 1765) * 1840 – Pierre Claude François Daunou, French historian and politician (b. 1761) * 1847 – Juan Larrea (politician), Juan Larrea, Argentinian captain and politician (b. 1782) *1869 – Hijikata Toshizō, Japanese commander (b. 1835) *1870 – Jules de Goncourt, French historian and author (b. 1830) *1872 – Élie Frédéric Forey, French general (b. 1804) *1875 – Joseph Meek, American police officer and politician (b. 1810) *1876 – John Neal (writer), John Neal, American writer, critic, editor, lecturer, and activist (b. 1793) *1888 – Johannes Zukertort, Polish-English chess player (b. 1842)


1901–present

*1906 – John Clayton Adams, English painter (b. 1840) *1909 – Friedrich Martens, Estonian-Russian historian, lawyer, and diplomat (b. 1845) *1925 – Josef Breuer, Austrian physician and psychologist (b. 1842) *1929 – Emmanouil Benakis, Greek merchant and politician, 35th List of mayors of Athens, Mayor of Athens (b. 1843) * 1945 – Bruno Frank, German author, poet, and playwright (b. 1878) *1947 – Bugsy Siegel, American mobster (b. 1906) *1952 – Luigi Fagioli, Italian race car driver (b. 1898) *1958 – Kurt Alder, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize for Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902) * 1963 – Raphaël Salem, Greek-French mathematician and academic (b. 1898) *1965 – Bernard Baruch, American financier and politician (b. 1870) *1966 – Georges Lemaître, Belgian priest, physicist, and astronomer (b. 1894) *1969 – Bishnu Prasad Rabha, Indian artist, painter, actor, dancer, writer, music composer and politician (b. 1909) *1974 – Horace Lindrum, Australian snooker player (b. 1912) *
1975 It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe. Events January * January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
– Suzanne Comhaire-Sylvain, Hatian anthropologist (b. 1898) *1978 – Mark Robson (film director), Mark Robson, Canadian-American director and producer (b. 1913) *1984 – Estelle Winwood, English actress (b. 1883) *1995 – Emil Cioran, Romanian-French philosopher and educator (b. 1911) *1997 – Cahit Külebi, Turkish poet and author (b. 1917) *1999 – Clifton Fadiman, American game show host, author, and critic (b. 1902) *2001 – Gina Cigna, French-Italian soprano (b. 1900) *2002 – Erwin Chargaff, Austrian-American biochemist and academic (b. 1905) * 2002 – Tinus Osendarp, Dutch runner (b. 1916) *2004 – Jim Bacon (politician), Jim Bacon, Australian politician, 41st Premier of Tasmania (b. 1950) *2005 – Larry Collins (writer), Larry Collins, American journalist, historian, and author (b. 1929) * 2005 – Jack Kilby, American physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1923) *2010 – Roberto Rosato, Italian footballer (b. 1943) * 2010 – Harry B. Whittington, English palaeontologist and academic (b. 1916) *2011 – Ryan Dunn, American television personality (b. 1977) *2012 – Judy Agnew, Second Lady of the United States. (b. 1921) * 2012 – LeRoy Neiman, American painter (b. 1921) * 2012 – Heinrich IV, Prince Reuss of Köstritz (b. 1919) * 2012 – Andrew Sarris, American critic (b. 1928) *2013 – Ingvar Rydell, Swedish footballer (b. 1922) *2015 – Angelo Niculescu, Romanian footballer and manager (b. 1921) * 2015 – Miriam Schapiro, Canadian-American painter and sculptor (b. 1923) *2017 – Prodigy (rapper), Prodigy, American music artist (b. 1974) *2022 – Caleb Swanigan, American NBA player. (b. 1997)


Holidays and observances

*Christian feast day: **Adalbert of Magdeburg **Saint Florentina, Florentina **Giovanni di Matera, John of Matera **Blessed Margareta Ebner **Methodius of Olympus **Pope Silverius **June 20 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) *Flag Day (Argentina), Day of the National Flag (Argentina) *Earliest possible date for the summer solstice in the Northern hemisphere and the winter solstice in the Southern hemisphere, and its related observance: **Earliest day on which Day of the Finnish Flag can fall, while June 26 is the latest; celebrated on Saturday of Midsummer's Day (Finland) **International Surfing Day (third Saturday in June, on or near Summer solstice) **Midsummer, Litha / Midsummer celebrations in the northern hemisphere, Yule#Neopaganism, Yule in the southern hemisphere. *Gas Sector Day (Azerbaijan) *Martyrs' Day (Eritrea) *West Virginia Day (
West Virginia West Virginia is a state in the Appalachian, Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States.The Census Bureau and the Association of American Geographers classify West Virginia as part of the Southern United States while the ...
) *World Refugee Day (International observance, International)


References


External links

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:June 20 Days of the year June