June 1

Events

Pre-1600

*1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu.
*1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed king of Castile and León.
*1298 – Residents of Riga and Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeated the Livonian Order in the Battle of Turaida.
*1495 – A monk, John Cor, records the first known batch of Scotch whisky.
*1533 – Anne Boleyn is crowned Queen of England.
*1535 – Combined forces loyal to Charles V attack and expel the Ottomans from Tunis during the Conquest of Tunis.

1601–1900

*1648 – The Roundheads defeat the Cavaliers at the Battle of Maidstone in the Second English Civil War.
*1649 – Start of the Sumuroy Revolt: Filipinos in Northern Samar led by Agustin Sumuroy revolt against Spanish colonial authorities.
*1670 – In Dover, England, Charles II of England and Louis XIV of France sign the Secret Treaty of Dover, which will force England into the Third Anglo-Dutch War.
*1676 – Battle of Öland: allied Danish-Dutch forces defeat the Swedish navy in the Baltic Sea, during the Scanian War (1675–79).
*1679 – The Scottish Covenanters defeat John Graham of Claverhouse at the Battle of Drumclog.
*1773 – Wolraad Woltemade rescues 14 sailors at the Cape of Good Hope from the sinking ship ''De Jonge Thomas'' by riding his horse into the sea seven times. Both he and his horse, Vonk, drowned on his eighth attempt.
*1779 – The court-martial for malfeasance of Benedict Arnold, a general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, begins.
*1792 – Kentucky is admitted as the 15th state of the United States.
*1794 – The battle of the Glorious First of June is fought, the first naval engagement between Britain and France during the French Revolutionary Wars.
*1796 – Tennessee is admitted as the 16th state of the United States.
*1812 – War of 1812: U.S. President James Madison asks the Congress to declare war on the United Kingdom.
*1813 – Capture of USS Chesapeake.
*1815 – Napoleon promulgates a revised Constitution after it passes a plebiscite.
* 1831 – James Clark Ross becomes the first European at the North Magnetic Pole.
* 1849 – Territorial Governor Alexander Ramsey declared the Territory of Minnesota officially established.
*1854 – Åland War: The British navy destroys merchant ships and about 16,000 tar barrels of the wholesale stocks area in Oulu, Grand Duchy of Finland.
*1855 – The American adventurer William Walker conquers Nicaragua.
*1857 – Charles Baudelaire's ''Les Fleurs du mal'' is published.
*1857 – The Revolution of the Ganhadores begins in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
*1861 – American Civil War: The Battle of Fairfax Court House is fought.
*1862 – American Civil War: Peninsula Campaign: The Battle of Seven Pines (or the Battle of Fair Oaks) ends inconclusively, with both sides claiming victory.
*1868 – The Treaty of Bosque Redondo is signed, allowing the Navajo to return to their lands in Arizona and New Mexico.
*1879 – Napoléon Eugène, the last dynastic Bonaparte, is killed in the Anglo-Zulu War.
*1890 – The United States Census Bureau begins using Herman Hollerith's tabulating machine to count census returns.

1901–present

*1913 – The Greek–Serbian Treaty of Alliance is signed, paving the way for the Second Balkan War.
*1916 – Louis Brandeis becomes the first Jew appointed to the United States Supreme Court.
*1918 – World War I: Western Front: Battle of Belleau Wood: Allied Forces under John J. Pershing and James Harbord engage Imperial German Forces under Wilhelm, German Crown Prince.
*1919 – Prohibition comes into force in Finland.
*1922 – The Royal Ulster Constabulary is founded.
*1929 – The 1st Conference of the Communist Parties of Latin America is held in Buenos Aires.
*1930 – The Deccan Queen is introduced as first intercity train between Bombay VT (Now Mumbai CST) and Poona (Pune) to run on electric locomotives.
*1939 – First flight of the German Focke-Wulf Fw 190 fighter aircraft.
*1941 – World War II: The Battle of Crete ends as Crete capitulates to Germany.
* 1941 – The Farhud, a massive pogrom in Iraq, starts and as a result, many Iraqi Jews are forced to leave their homes.
*1943 – BOAC Flight 777 is shot down over the Bay of Biscay by German Junkers Ju 88s, killing British actor Leslie Howard and leading to speculation that it was actually an attempt to kill British Prime Minister Winston Churchill.
*1946 – Ion Antonescu, "Conducator" ("Leader") of Romania during World War II, is executed.
*1950 – The Declaration of Conscience speech, by U.S. Senator from Maine, Margaret Chase Smith: "The nation sorely needs a Republican victory. But I do not want to see the Republican party ride to political victory on the Four Horsemen of Calumny - Fear, Ignorance, Bigotry, and Smear." A response to Joseph R. McCarthy's speech at Wheeling, West Virginia.
*1950 – The Chinchaga fire ignites. By September, it would become the largest single fire on record in North America.
*1958 – Charles de Gaulle comes out of retirement to lead France by decree for six months.
*1961 – The Canadian Bank of Commerce and Imperial Bank of Canada merge to form the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, the largest bank merger in Canadian history.
*1962 – Adolf Eichmann