Javanrud (; fa, جوانرود; also
Romanized as Javānrūd; also known as Qal‘a Jūanrūd, Qal‘eh Jūānrūd, and Qal‘eh-ye Javānrūd, all meaning "Fort Javanrud", and Jūānrū) is a city in
Javanrud County,
Kermanshah Province,
Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 43,104, comprising 9,591 families. The city of Javanrud is located 79 kilometers north of
Kermanshah and is 1300 meters above sea level.
Etymology
The name of the city is derived from the Kurdish Javanrud tribe, which had formerly dominated the area, and which has now become almost fully urban.
History
During its early history, Javanrud was part of the loosely defined
Ardalan province, the previous name of the present-day
Kurdistan province. In 1909, its ''vali'' (governor) Aman-Allah Khan Ardalan () ordered the construction of a fortress named Qal'a-ye Javanrud on a small hill near the middle of the Javanrud. In the mid-1970s, Javanrud was added to the
Kermanshah province, later receiving its own
sub-province in 1989.
Demographics
The city is populated by
Kurds, from various tribal backgrounds, who adhere to
Sunni Islam
Sunni Islam () is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims. Its name comes from the word '' Sunnah'', referring to the tradition of Muhammad. The differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims arose from a disagre ...
. However, the
Jaff tribe is the main tribe in the city. The two
Sufi
Sufism ( ar, ''aṣ-ṣūfiyya''), also known as Tasawwuf ( ''at-taṣawwuf''), is a mystic body of religious practice, found mainly within Sunni Islam but also within Shia Islam, which is characterized by a focus on Islamic spirituality, ...
branches
Naqshbandi
The Naqshbandi ( fa, نقشبندی)), Neqshebendi ( ku, نهقشهبهندی), and Nakşibendi (in Turkish) is a major Sunni order of Sufism. Its name is derived from Baha-ud-Din Naqshband Bukhari. Naqshbandi masters trace their ...
and
Qadiriyya have a strong presence in the city as well. The locals speak
Gorani,
Sorani and
Persian.
See also
*
Ravansar
*
Paveh
References
Populated places in Javanrud County
Cities in Kermanshah Province
Kurdish settlements in Kermanshah Province
{{KermanshahCounty-geo-stub