January is the first month of the year in the

Julian Julian may refer to: People * Julian (emperor) (331–363), Roman emperor from 361 to 363 * Julian (Rome), referring to the Roman gens Julia, with imperial dynasty offshoots * Saint Julian (disambiguation), several Christian saints * Julian (give ...

and Gregorian calendars and is also the first of seven months to have a length of 31 days. The first day of the month is known as

New Year's Day New Year's Day is a festival observed in most of the world on 1 January, the first day of the year in the modern Gregorian calendar. 1 January is also New Year's Day on the Julian calendar, but this is not the same day as the Gregorian one. Wh ...

. It is, on average, the coldest month of the year within most of the

Northern Hemisphere The Northern Hemisphere is the half of Earth that is north of the Equator. For other planets in the Solar System, north is defined as being in the same celestial hemisphere relative to the invariable plane of the solar system as Earth's Nort ...

(where it is the second month of winter) and the warmest month of the year within most of the Southern Hemisphere (where it is the second month of summer). In the Southern hemisphere, January is the seasonal equivalent of July in the Northern hemisphere and vice versa.

Ancient Roman In modern historiography, ancient Rome refers to Roman civilisation from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. It encompasses the Roman Kingdom (753–509 BC ...

observances during this month include Cervula and Juvenalia, celebrated January 1, as well as one of three Agonalia, celebrated January 9, and

Carmentalia Carmentalia was the two feast days (11 January and 15 January) of the Roman goddess Carmenta. She had her temple atop the Capitoline Hill The Capitolium or Capitoline Hill ( ; it, Campidoglio ; la, Mons Capitolinus ), between the Forum ...

, celebrated January 11. These dates do not correspond to the modern Gregorian calendar.

History

Les Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry Janvier

January (in Latin, '' Ianuarius'') is named after

Janus In ancient Roman religion and myth, Janus ( ; la, Ianvs ) is the god of beginnings, gates, transitions, time, duality, doorways, passages, frames, and endings. He is usually depicted as having two faces. The month of January is named for Janu ...

, the god of beginnings and transitions in Roman mythology. Traditionally, the original Roman calendar consisted of 10 months totaling 304 days, winter being considered a month-less period. Around 713 BC, the semi-mythical successor of

Romulus Romulus () was the legendary foundation of Rome, founder and King of Rome, first king of Ancient Rome, Rome. Various traditions attribute the establishment of many of Rome's oldest legal, political, religious, and social institutions to Romulus ...

, King

Numa Pompilius Numa Pompilius (; 753–672 BC; reigned 715–672 BC) was the legendary second king of Rome, succeeding Romulus after a one-year interregnum. He was of Sabine origin, and many of Rome's most important religious and political institutions are a ...

, is supposed to have added the months of January and

February February is the second month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. The month has 28 days in common years or 29 in leap years, with the 29th day being called the ''leap day''. It is the first of five months not to have 31 days (th ...

, so that the calendar covered a standard lunar year (354 days). Although March was originally the first month in the old Roman calendar, January became the first month of the calendar year either under Numa or under the Decemvirs about 450 BC (Roman writers differ). In contrast, each specific calendar year was identified by the names of the two consuls, who entered office on March 15 until 153 BC, at which point they started entering office on January 1. Various Christian feast dates were used for the New Year in Europe during the Middle Ages, including March 25 (

Feast of the Annunciation The Feast of the Annunciation, in Greek, Ο Ευαγγελισμός της Θεοτόκου, contemporarily the Solemnity of the Annunciation, and also called Lady Day, the Feast of the Incarnation ('), or Conceptio Christi ('), commemorates the ...

) and December 25. However, medieval calendars were still displayed in the Roman fashion with twelve columns from January to December. Beginning in the 16th century, European countries began officially making January 1 the start of the New Year once again—sometimes called ''Circumcision Style'' because this was the date of the

Feast of the Circumcision The Feast of the Circumcision of Christ is a Christian celebration of the circumcision of Jesus in accordance with Jewish tradition, eight days (according to the Semitic and southern European calculation of intervals of days) after his birth, the o ...

, being the seventh day after December 25. Historical names for January include its original Roman designation, Ianuarius, the

Saxon The Saxons ( la, Saxones, german: Sachsen, ang, Seaxan, osx, Sahson, nds, Sassen, nl, Saksen) were a group of Germanic * * * * peoples whose name was given in the early Middle Ages to a large country (Old Saxony, la, Saxonia) near the Nor ...

term ''Wulf-monath'' (meaning "wolf month") and Charlemagne's designation Wintarmanoth ("winter / cold month"). In Slovene, it is traditionally called ''prosinec''. The name, associated with

millet Millets () are a highly varied group of small-seeded grasses, widely grown around the world as cereal crops or grains for fodder and human food. Most species generally referred to as millets belong to the tribe Paniceae, but some millets al ...

bread and the act of asking for something, was first written in 1466 in the Škofja Loka manuscript. According to Theodor Mommsen, 1 January became the first day of the year in 600 AUC of the Roman calendar (153 BC), due to disasters in the Lusitanian War. A Lusitanian chief called Punicus invaded the Roman territory, defeated two Roman governors, and killed their troops. The Romans resolved to send a consul to Hispania, and in order to accelerate the dispatch of aid, "they even made the new consuls enter into office two months and a half before the legal time" (March 15).

January symbols

* January's

birthstone A birthstone is a gemstone A gemstone (also called a fine gem, jewel, precious stone, or semiprecious stone) is a piece of mineral crystal which, in cut and polished form, is used to make jewelry or other adornments. However, certain rock ...

is the garnet, which represents constancy. * Dianthus carthusianorum 210505a

Its birth flower is the cottage pink '' Dianthus caryophyllus'' or

galanthus ''Galanthus'' (from Ancient Greek , (, "milk") + (, "flower")), or snowdrop, is a small genus of approximately 20 species of bulbous perennial herbaceous plants in the family Amaryllidaceae. The plants have two linear leaves and a single ...

as well as the traditional carnation. *The Japanese floral emblem of January is the camellia (''

Camellia sinensis ''Camellia sinensis'' is a species of evergreen shrub or small tree in the flowering plant family Theaceae. Its leaves and leaf buds are used to produce the popular beverage, tea. Common names include tea plant, tea shrub, and tea tree (not to ...

''). *In Finnish, the month of ''tammikuu'' means the heart of the winter and because the name literally means " oak moon", it can be inferred that the oak tree is the heart of the grand forest with many valuable trees as opposed to the typical Arctic forests, which are typically pine and spruce. The photograph of a large tree covered with ice against a blue sky is a familiar scene during Finland's winter. *The zodiac signs for the month of January are Capricorn (until January 19) and Aquarius (January 20 onwards). *The name of the full moon occurring in January is the wolf moon.

January observances

''This list does not necessarily imply either official status or general observance.''

Month-long observances

* Alzheimer's Awareness Month ( Canada) * Dry January ( United Kingdom) *National Codependency Awareness Month ( United States) * National Mentoring Month ( United States) *National Healthy Weight Awareness Month ( United States) *

Slavery and Human Trafficking Prevention Month Slavery and enslavement are both the state and the condition of being a slave—someone forbidden to quit one's service for an enslaver, and who is treated by the enslaver as property. Slavery typically involves slaves being made to perf ...

( United States) *Stalking Awareness Month ( United States) *

Veganuary Veganuary is an annual challenge run by a UK nonprofit organisation that promotes and educates about veganism by encouraging people to follow a vegan lifestyle for the month of January. Since the event began in 2014, participation has increased ...

Food months in the United States

''This list does not necessarily imply either official status or general observance.'' * Be Kind to Food Servers Month (by proclamation, State of Tennessee) * California Dried Plum Digestive Health Month * Hot Tea Month * National Soup Month * Oatmeal Month

Non-Gregorian observances, 2021 dates

''All Baha'i, Islamic, and Jewish observances begin at sundown prior to the date listed, and end at sundown on the date in question.'' *

List of observances set by the Bahá'í calendar A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations * List College, an undergraduate division of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America * SC Germania List, German rugby union ...

List of observances set by the Chinese calendar The traditional Chinese holidays are an essential part of harvests or prayer offerings. The most important Chinese holiday is the Chinese New Year (Spring Festival), which is also celebrated in overseas ethnic Chinese communities (for example in ...

* List of observances set by the Hebrew calendar * List of observances set by the Islamic calendar * List of observances set by the Solar Hijri calendar

Moveable observances

''This list does not necessarily imply either official status or general observance.'' *See:

List of movable Western Christian observances {{Use mdy dates, date=July 2017 This is a list of movable observances within Western Christianity. It includes secular observances which are calculated by religious observances. ''This list does not necessarily imply either official status nor gen ...

*See: List of movable Eastern Christian observances January 2 unless that day is a Sunday, in which case

January 3 Events Pre-1600 *AD 69, 69 – The Roman legions on the Rhine refuse to declare their allegiance to Galba, instead proclaiming their legate, Aulus Vitellius, as emperor. * 250 – Emperor Decius orders everyone in the Roman Empire (ex ...

: January 2 *

New Year Holiday (Scotland) Bank holidays in Scotland are determined under the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971 and the St Andrew's Day Bank Holiday (Scotland) Act 2007. Unlike the rest of the United Kingdom, most bank holidays are not recognised as statutory pu ...

First Friday * Children's Day ( Bahamas) Second Saturday * Children's Day ( Thailand) Second Monday * Birthday of Eugenio María de Hostos ( Puerto Rico, United States) * Coming of Age Day (

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

) Friday before third Monday * Lee–Jackson Day ( Virginia, United States) Third Friday *

International Fetish Day International Fetish Day is a day supporting the BDSM community. It originated in the United Kingdom as National Fetish Day and was first held on 21 January 2008. The first International Fetish Day was held on 16 January 2009 (the third Friday o ...

Sunday closest to January 22 * National Sanctity of Human Life Day ( United States) Third full week of January *

Hunt for Happiness Week Secret Society of Happy People (SOHP) is an organization that celebrates the expression of happiness. Founded in August 1998, the society encourages thousands of members from all around the globe to recognize their happy moments and think about h ...

( International observance) *

National Non-Smoking Week National Non-Smoking Week is a yearly event in Canada. Established in 1977, it continues to be observed on the third full week of January, starting on Sunday. Coordinated by the Canadian Council for Tobacco Control, it aims to: *educate Canadians ...

( Canada) Last full week of January *

National School Choice Week National School Choice Week (NSCW) was founded in 2011. NSCW hosts a series of “school choice” events in the last week of January each year.” As an organization it claims to “support the success of America’s children, by raising broad an ...

( United States) Third Monday * Martin Luther King, Jr. Day ( United States) ** Idaho Human Rights Day ( Idaho, United States) Wednesday of the third full week of January * Weedless Wednesday ( Canada) Friday between January 19–25 * Husband's Day ( Iceland) Last Saturday * National Seed Swap Day ( United States) Last Sunday * Liberation of Auschwitz Memorial Day ( Netherlands) January 30 or the nearest Sunday * World Leprosy Day Last Monday in January * Bubble Wrap Appreciation Day Fourth Monday * Community Manager Appreciation Day ( International observance) * National Heroes' Day (

Cayman Islands The Cayman Islands () is a self-governing British Overseas Territory—the largest by population in the western Caribbean Sea. The territory comprises the three islands of Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac and Little Cayman, which are located to the ...

) Monday Closest to January 29 * Auckland Anniversary Day

Fixed observances

*December 25 – January 5: Twelve Days of Christmas ( Western Christianity) *December 26 – January 1: Kwanzaa (

African Americans African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of ens ...

) *December 31 – January 1, in some cases until January 2:

Hogmanay Hogmanay ( , ) is the Scots word for the last day of the old year and is synonymous with the celebration of the New Year in the Scottish manner. It is normally followed by further celebration on the morning of New Year's Day (1 January) or i ...

( Scotland) * January 1 ** Feast of the Circumcision of Christ *** Feast of the Holy Name of Jesus ( Anglican Communion,

Lutheran Church Lutheranism is one of the largest branches of Protestantism, identifying primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practice of the Catholic Church launched th ...

) *** Feast of Fools ( Medieval Europe) **

Constitution Day (Italy) Constitution Day is a holiday to honour the constitution of a country. Constitution Day is often celebrated on the anniversary of the signing, promulgation or adoption of the constitution, or in some cases, to commemorate the change to constitut ...

Dissolution of Czechoslovakia The dissolution of Czechoslovakia ( cs, Rozdělení Československa, sk, Rozdelenie Česko-Slovenska) took effect on December 31, 1992, and was the self-determined split of the federal republic of Czechoslovakia into the independent countries o ...

-related observances: ***

Day of the Establishment of the Slovak Republic National holidays in Slovakia See also Remembrance days in Slovakia. References Zákon č. 241/1993 Z. z. o štátnych sviatkoch, dňoch pracovného pokoja a pamätných dňochNational and Bank Holidays in Slovakia * Public holidays in the C ...

( Slovakia) ***

Restoration Day of the Independent Czech State Public holidays in the Czech Republic: See also * Public holidays in Slovakia References External links Travel Advice official web of the Czech Republic Detailed info
{{Public holidays in Europe Public holidays in the Czech Republic, ...

( Czech Republic) ** Euro Day ( European Union) ** Flag Day (Lithuania) ** Founding Day (Taiwan) ** Global Family Day **

Independence Day An independence day is an annual event commemorating the anniversary of a nation's independence or statehood, usually after ceasing to be a group or part of another nation or state, or more rarely after the end of a military occupation. Man ...

( Brunei, Cameroon,

Haiti Haiti (; ht, Ayiti ; French: ), officially the Republic of Haiti (); ) and formerly known as Hayti, is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and ...

Sudan Sudan ( or ; ar, السودان, as-Sūdān, officially the Republic of the Sudan ( ar, جمهورية السودان, link=no, Jumhūriyyat as-Sūdān), is a country in Northeast Africa. It shares borders with the Central African Republic t ...

) **

International Nepali Dhoti and Nepali Topi Day Topi Diwas ( ne, टोपी दिवस) is an event celebrated by Nepali people globally on 1 January of English Calendar wearing Dhaka or Bhaad-gaaule Topi as their pride. All Nepali people wear Dhaka topi and Bhaad-gaaule topi on that ...

Jump-up Day Jump-up Day is a holiday celebrated on January 1 in Montserrat. It commemorates the emancipation of the slaves of Montserrat, and is the last day of Carnival on the island. Jump-up Day incorporates steelbands and masquerades, as well as male ...

(

Montserrat Montserrat ( ) is a British Overseas Territories, British Overseas Territory in the Caribbean. It is part of the Leeward Islands, the northern portion of the Lesser Antilles chain of the West Indies. Montserrat is about long and wide, with r ...

British Overseas Territories The British Overseas Territories (BOTs), also known as the United Kingdom Overseas Territories (UKOTs), are fourteen dependent territory, territories with a constitutional and historical link with the United Kingdom. They are the last remna ...

) **

Kalpataru Day Kalpataru Day also called Kalpataru Diwas or Kalpataru Utsav is an annual religious festival observed by monks of the Ramakrishna Math monastic order of Hinduism and lay followers of the associated Ramakrishna Mission, as well as the worldw ...

( Ramakrishna Movement) ** National Bloody Mary Day ( United States) ** National Tree Planting Day ( Tanzania) **

*** Japanese New Year ***

Novy God ''Novy God'' () is the Russian phrase for " New Year", and also designates the Russian New Year's Eve and New Year's Day celebration. Similar customs are observed in all post-Soviet states, and though the observance of the holiday is critici ...

Day ( Russia) *** Sjoogwachi ( Okinawa Islands) ** Polar Bear Swim Day ( Canada and United States) **

Public Domain Day Public Domain Day (PDD) is an observance of when copyrights expire and works enter into the public domain. This legal transition of copyright works into the public domain usually happens every year on January 1 based on the individual copyright ...

(multiple countries) ** Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God ( Catholic Church) *** World Day of Peace **

Triumph of the Revolution Triumph of the Revolution () also known as Liberation Day () is a celebration in Cuba of the anniversary of the victory of the revolution led by Fidel Castro in 1959 which established the present government in Cuba. The previous president, Fulgenc ...

( Cuba) *

January 2 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – The Roman legions in Germania Superior refuse to swear loyalty to Galba. They rebel and proclaim Vitellius as emperor. * 366 – The Alemanni cross the frozen Rhine in large numbers, invading the Roman Empi ...

Ancestry Day The following are public holidays in Haiti. Many Vodou holidays are also celebrated, but are not considered public holidays. The two most important holidays for Haitian Americans are Haitian Independence Day and Haitian Flag Day. In additio ...

(

) **

Berchtold's Day ''Berchtoldstag'' (also ''Bechtelistag, Bächtelistag, Berchtelistag, Bärzelistag,'' in Liechtenstein ''Bechtelstag, Bechtle'') is an Alemannic holiday, known in Switzerland and Liechtenstein. It is near New Year's Day, during the Rauhnächte, ...

( Liechtenstein,

Switzerland ). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...

, and the Alsace) ** Carnival Day ( Saint Kitts and Nevis) ** Happy Mew Year For Cats Day (Thomas Roy) **

Kakizome ''Kakizome'' (, literally "first writing") is a Japanese term for the first calligraphy written at the beginning of a year, traditionally on January 2. Other terms include ''kissho'' (), ''shihitsu'' () and ''hatsusuzuri'' (). Traditionally ...

(

) ** National Creampuff Day ( United States) **

National Science Fiction Day National Science Fiction Day is unofficially celebrated by many science fiction fans in the United States on January 2, which corresponds with the official birthdate of famed science fiction writer Isaac Asimov. While not a federally-recognized ...

( United States) **The second day of New Year (a holiday in Armenia, Kazakhstan, North Macedonia, Mauritius, Montenegro, New Zealand, Romania, Russia,

, and Ukraine) ** Nyinlong ( Bhutan) **

Victory of Armed Forces Day References {{DEFAULTSORT:Public Holidays In Cuba Cuban culture Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Ju ...

( Cuba) *

** Anniversary of the 1966 Coup d’état ( Burkina Faso) **

Memento Mori ''Memento mori'' (Latin for 'remember that you ave todie'

(

Hakozaki Shrine is a Shintō shrine in Fukuoka .Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1962). ''Studies in Shinto and Shrines,'' p. 339. History Hakozaki Shrine was founded in 923, with the transfer of the spirit of the ''kami Hachiman'' from Daibu Hachiman Shrine in ...

, Fukuoka,

) *

January 4 Events Pre-1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar fights Titus Labienus in the Battle of Ruspina. * 871 – Battle of Reading: Æthelred of Wessex and his brother Alfred are defeated by a Danish invasion army. 1601–1900 *1649 – Engli ...

** Day of the Fallen against the Colonial Repression ( Angola) ** Day of the Martyrs (Democratic Republic of the Congo) ** Dimpled Chad Day ( Thomas Roy) ** Hwinukan mukee ( Okinawa Islands,

) **

Independence Day (Myanmar) Independence Day ( my, လွတ်လပ်ရေးနေ့) is a national holiday observed annually in Myanmar every 4 January. The date celebrates Myanmar's Declaration of Independence from British rule on 4 January 1948. Origin In the ...

** Ogoni Day ( Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People) **

World Braille Day World Braille Day is an international day on 4 January and celebrates awareness Awareness is the state of being conscious of something. More specifically, it is the ability to directly know and perceive, to feel, or to be cognizant of events. A ...

* January 5 ** National Bird Day (United States) ** National Whipped Cream Day ( United States) ** Sausage Day ( United Kingdom) ** Strawberry day (

) ** Take Our Daughters and Sons to Work Day (

Sydney Sydney ( ) is the capital city of the state of New South Wales, and the most populous city in both Australia and Oceania. Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds Sydney Harbour and extends about towards the Blue Mountain ...

, Melbourne, and Brisbane,

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

) ** Tucindan ( Serbia, Montenegro) *

January 6 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – Following the death of Edward the Confessor on the previous day, the Witan meets to confirm Harold Godwinson as the new King of England; Harold is crowned the same day, sparking a succession crisis that will eve ...

Armed Forces Day (Iraq) This is a list of public holidays in Iraq. Other important dates These are working days at the KRG Council of Ministers, and businesses are open. Special events take place around the Iraqi Kurdistan Region to mark these dates. *10 February: Kur ...

** Epiphany or Three Kings' Day ( Western Christianity) or Theophany (

Eastern Christianity Eastern Christianity comprises Christian traditions and church families that originally developed during classical and late antiquity in Eastern Europe, Southeastern Europe, Asia Minor, the Caucasus, Northeast Africa, the Fertile Crescent and ...

), and its related observances: ***

Befana Day In Italian folklore, the Befana () is an old woman who delivers gifts to children throughout Italy on Epiphany Eve (the night of January 5) in a similar way to Santa Claus or the Three Magi Kings.Illes, Judika. ''Encyclopedia of Spirits: The U ...

( Italy) *** Christmas ( Armenian Apostolic Church) ***

Christmas Eve Christmas Eve is the evening or entire day before Christmas Day, the festival commemorating the birth of Jesus. Christmas Day is observed around the world, and Christmas Eve is widely observed as a full or partial holiday in anticipation ...

( Russia) ***

( Ukraine) ***

( Bosnia and Herzegovina) ***

( North Macedonia) ***

Little Christmas Little Christmas ( ga, Nollaig na mBan, lit=Women's Christmas), also known as Old Christmas, Green Christmas, or Twelfth Night, is one of the traditional names among Irish Christians and Amish Christians for 6 January, which is also known more ...

( Ireland) *** Þrettándinn ( Iceland) *** Three Wise Men Day ** Pathet Lao Day (

Laos Laos (, ''Lāo'' )), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic ( Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ, French: République démocratique populaire lao), is a socialist ...

) *

January 7 Events Pre-1600 *49 BC – The Senate of Rome says that Caesar will be declared a public enemy unless he disbands his army. This prompts the tribunes who support him to flee to Ravenna, where Caesar is waiting. * 1325 – Alfonso IV ...

** Christmas (

Eastern Orthodox Churches The Eastern Orthodox Church, also called the Orthodox Church, is the second-largest Christian church, with approximately 220 million baptized members. It operates as a communion of autocephalous churches, each governed by its bishops via ...

and Oriental Orthodox Churches using the Julian Calendar,

Rastafari Rastafari, sometimes called Rastafarianism, is a religion that developed in Jamaica during the 1930s. It is classified as both a new religious movement and a social movement by scholars of religion. There is no central authority in control of ...

) *** Christmas in Russia *** Christmas in Ukraine *** Christmas ( Bosnia and Herzegovina) *** Remembrance Day of the Dead ( Armenia) **

Distaff Day Distaff Day, also called Roc Day or Rock Day, is 7 January, the day after the feast of the Epiphany. It is also known as Saint Distaff's Day, one of the many unofficial holidays in Catholic nations. The distaff, or roc, used in spinning was the m ...

( Medieval Europe) ** Nanakusa no sekku (

) ** Pioneer's Day (

Liberia Liberia (), officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the West African coast. It is bordered by Sierra Leone to Liberia–Sierra Leone border, its northwest, Guinea to its north, Ivory Coast to its east, and the Atlantic Ocean ...

) ** Tricolour day ( Italy) ** Victory from Genocide Day ( Cambodia) *

January 8 Events Pre-1600 * 307 – Emperor Huai of Jin, Jin Huaidi becomes emperor of China in succession to his father, Emperor Hui of Jin, Jin Huidi, despite a challenge from his uncle, Sima Ying. * 871 – Æthelred I, King of Wessex, Æthel ...

** Show and Tell Day at Work ( Thomas Roy) ** The Eighth (United States) (defunct observance) ** Typing Day ( international observance) *

January 9 Events Pre-1600 * 681 – Twelfth Council of Toledo: King Erwig of the Visigoths initiates a council in which he implements diverse measures against the Jews in Spain. *1127 – Jin–Song Wars: Invading Jurchen soldiers from the J ...

**Start of Hōonkō (Nishi Honganji) January 9–16 (

Jōdo Shinshū , also known as Shin Buddhism or True Pure Land Buddhism, is a school of Pure Land Buddhism. It was founded by the former Tendai Japanese monk Shinran. Shin Buddhism is the most widely practiced branch of Buddhism in Japan. History Shinran ( ...

Buddhism) ** Martyrs' Day (Panama) ** National Cassoulet Day ( United States) **

Non-Resident Indian Day Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (, English: Non-Resident Indian Day) is a celebratory day observed (starting in 2003) on 9 January by the Republic of India to mark the contribution of the overseas Indian community towards the development of India. The ...

( India) ** Republic Day ( Republika Srpska) (defunct, declared unconstitutional by the Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina) **

St. Stephen's Day Saint Stephen's Day, also called the Feast of Saint Stephen, is a Christian saint's day to commemorate Saint Stephen, the first Christian martyr or protomartyr, celebrated on 26 December in Western Christianity and 27 December in Eastern Chr ...

( Eastern Orthodox) *

January 10 Events Pre-1600 *49 BC – Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signalling the start of civil war. * 9 – The Western Han dynasty ends when Wang Mang claims that the divine Mandate of Heaven called for the end of the dynasty and the be ...

Fête du Vodoun Traditional Day or Fête du Vodoun (literally Vodoun Festival, also known as Traditional Religions Day) is a public holiday in Benin that celebrates the nation's history surrounding the West African religion of Vodoun. The celebration is held annua ...

( Benin) ** Majority Rule Day ( Bahamas) * January 11 ** Children's Day ( Tunisia) ** Eugenio María de Hostos Day ( Puerto Rico) ** German Apples Day ( Germany) ** Independence Manifesto Day ( Morocco) ** Kagami biraki (

) ** National Human Trafficking Awareness Day ( United States) **

Republic Day (Albania) Below is a list of public holidays in Albania. If a non-working public holiday happens during the weekend, then the Monday after would be non-working. Official Holidays Not official Holidays References {{Public holidays in Europe Alb ...

* January 12 **

Memorial Day (Turkmenistan) The Memorial Day () is an official holiday of Turkmenistan, commemorated on 12 January. It honors those who fell on 12 January 1881 defending the Geok Tepe fortress against the Russian troops. It is one of two mourning days in Turkmenistan (the oth ...

** Prosecutor General's Day ( Russia) ** National Youth Day (India) **

Zanzibar Revolution Day Public holidays in Tanzania are in accordance with the Public Holidays Ordinance (Amended) Act, 1966 and are observed throughout the nation. Background The Public Holidays Ordinance (Amended) Act, 1966 lists twelve public holidays in its schedule ...

( Tanzania) *

January 13 Events Pre-1600 * 27 BC – Octavian transfers the state to the free disposal of the Roman Senate and the people. He receives Spain, Gaul, and Syria as his province for ten years. * 532 – The Nika riots break out, during the racing ...

** Constitution Day ( Mongolia) ** Democracy Day (Cape Verde) ** Liberation Day (Togo) **

Old New Year The Old New Year or the Orthodox New Year is an informal traditional holiday, celebrated as the start of the New Year by the Julian calendar. In the 20th and 21st centuries, the Old New Year falls on January 14 in the Gregorian calendar. This ...

's Eve ( Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Serbia, Montenegro,

Republic of Srpska Republika Srpska ( sr-Cyrl, Република Српска, lit=Serb Republic, also known as Republic of Srpska, ) is one of the two entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the other being the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is located ...

, North Macedonia), and its related observances: *** Malanka ( Ukraine, Russia, Belarus) **

St. Knut's Day Saint Knut's Day ( sv, tjugondag jul, ; , ; or ; fi, nuutinpäivä, ), or the Feast of Saint Knut, is a traditional festival celebrated in Sweden and Finland on 13January. It is not celebrated on this date in Denmark (the Knut day was moved in S ...

(

Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...

and Finland) ** Stephen Foster Memorial Day ( United States) *

January 14 Events Pre-1600 *1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. *1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. 1601–1900 *1639 – The "Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, Fundamenta ...

Azhyrnykhua The following is a list of public holidays in Abkhazia. The working days are marked in ''cursive''. References * {{Europe topic, Public holidays in Culture of Abkhazia Abkhazia Holidays ...

(

Abkhazia Abkhazia, ka, აფხაზეთი, tr, , xmf, აბჟუა, abzhua, or ( or ), officially the Republic of Abkhazia, is a partially recognised state in the South Caucasus, recognised by most countries as part of Georgia, which vi ...

) ** Day of Defenders of the Motherland ( Uzbekistan) **

Feast of Divina Pastora Barquisimeto (; guc, Watkisimeeta) is a city in Venezuela. It is the capital of the state of Lara and head of Iribarren Municipality. It is an important urban, industrial, commercial and transportation center of the country, recognized as the fou ...

( Barquisimeto) ** Feast of the Ass (

Medieval Christianity Christianity in the Middle Ages covers the history of Christianity from the fall of the Western Roman Empire (). The end of the period is variously defined. Depending on the context, events such as the conquest of Constantinople by the Ottoman ...

) ** Flag Day (Georgia) **

National Forest Conservation Day Public holidays in Thailand are regulated by the government, and most are observed by both the public and private sectors. There are usually nineteen public holidays in a year, but more may be declared by the cabinet. Other observances, both offi ...

( Thailand) ** Ratification Day (United States) ** Revolution and Youth Day (Tunisia) **

Yennayer Yennayer is the first month of the Amazigh Year ( ber, Aseggwas Amaziɣ, script=Latn, , ) or the Amazigh year used since antiquity by the Imazighen in North Africa. Its first day corresponds to the first day of January of the Julian Calendar, ...

(

Berbers , image = File:Berber_flag.svg , caption = The Berber ethnic flag , population = 36 million , region1 = Morocco , pop1 = 14 million to 18 million , region2 = Algeria , pop2 ...

) *

January 15 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaiming himself Emperor of Rome, beginning a reign of only three months. * 1541 – King Francis I of France gives Jean-François Roberval a commission to settle the province of ...

Arbor Day (Egypt) Arbor Day (or Arbour in some countries) is a secular day of observance in which individuals and groups are encouraged to plant trees. Today, many countries observe such a holiday. Though usually observed in the spring, the date varies, dependi ...

** Armed Forces Day (Nigeria) ** Indian Army Day (India) **

John Chilembwe Day This is a list of public holidays in Malawi. Where the relevant event falls on a non-working day, the holiday is on the next working day. References Events in Malawi Malawi Malawi (; or aláwi Tumbuka: ''Malaŵi''), officially ...

(Malawi) **

Korean Alphabet Day The Korean Alphabet Day, known as Hangeul Day () in South Korea, and Chosŏn'gŭl Day () in North Korea, is a national Korean commemorative day marking the invention and proclamation of Hangul (), the Korean alphabet, by the 15th century Korean ...

(North Korea) ** Sagichō at Tsurugaoka Hachimangū (

Kamakura is a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Kamakura has an estimated population of 172,929 (1 September 2020) and a population density of 4,359 persons per km² over the total area of . Kamakura was designated as a city on 3 November 1939. Kamak ...

, Japan) **

Teacher's Day (Venezuela) The table below shows a list of the most notable holidays in Venezuela. Popular and public holidays are included in the list. Other public holidays may be observed. In 2019, several days were announced as national holidays based on widespread bl ...

Wikipedia Day Wikipedia began with its first edit on 15 January 2001, two days after the domain was registered by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger. Its technological and conceptual underpinnings predate this; the earliest known proposal for an online encyclo ...

( international observance) *

January 16 Events Pre-1600 * 27 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus is granted the title Augustus by the Roman Senate, marking the beginning of the Roman Empire. * 378 – General Siyaj K'ak' conquers Tikal, enlarging the domain of King Spear ...

** National Nothing Day ( Thomas Roy) ** National Religious Freedom Day ( United States) ** Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God ( Coptic Church) **

Teacher's Day (Myanmar) Teachers' Day is a special day for the appreciation of teachers, and may include celebrations to honor them for their special contributions in a particular field area, or the community tone in education. This is the primary reason why countries ce ...

Teachers' Day (Thailand) Public holidays in Thailand are regulated by the government, and most are observed by both the public and private sectors. There are usually nineteen public holidays in a year, but more may be declared by the cabinet. Other observances, both offic ...

** Zuuruku Nichi ( Okinawa Islands,

) ** Thiruvalluvar Day ( Tamil Nadu, India) * January 17 **

Hardware Freedom Day Hardware Freedom Day is an annual celebration organized by the Digital Freedom Foundation. The goal of Hardware Freedom Day is to celebrate the spirit of Open-source hardware, open hardware and make more people aware of using and contributing to fr ...

( international observance) ** Judgement Day ** National Day ( Menorca) **The opening ceremony of

Patras Carnival The Patras Carnival, Patrino karnavali is the largest event of its kind in Greece. It has more than 180 years of history. The events begin on 17 January and last up to Clean Monday. The carnival of Patras is not a single event but a variety of ...

, celebrated until Clean Monday (

Patras ) , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1_info1 = , demographics1_title2 = , demographics1_info2 = , timezone1 = EET , utc_offset1 = +2 , ...

) * January 18 ** Revolution and Youth Day (Tunisia) **

Royal Thai Armed Forces Day Public holidays in Thailand are regulated by the government, and most are observed by both the public and private sectors. There are usually nineteen public holidays in a year, but more may be declared by the cabinet. Other observances, both offi ...

(Thailand) ** Week of Prayer for Christian Unity (January 18–25) ( Christianity) * January 19 **

Confederate Heroes Day Confederate Memorial Day (called Confederate Heroes Day in Texas and Florida, and Confederate Decoration Day in Tennessee) is a cultural holiday observed in several Southern U.S. states on various dates since the end of the American Civil W ...

( Texas), and its related observance: *** Robert E. Lee Day ( Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia and Mississippi) *** Lee–Jackson–King Day ( Virginia, United States, defunct) ** Husband's Day ( Iceland) **

Kokborok Day Kokborok Day (Tripuri language Day) is a festival celebrated in the Indian state of Tripura to celebrate the development of the Kokborok language. It is observed on 19 January every year. The Kokborok language is an official language in Tripura. ...

( Tripura, India) ** National Popcorn Day (United States) ** Theophany / Epiphany ( Eastern and

Oriental Orthodoxy The Oriental Orthodox Churches are Eastern Christian churches adhering to Miaphysite Christology, with approximately 60 million members worldwide. The Oriental Orthodox Churches are part of the Nicene Christian tradition, and represent ...

), and its related observances: *** Timkat, (on 20th during Leap Year) ( Ethiopian Orthodox) ***'' Vodici'' or Baptism of Jesus (North Macedonia) *

January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. * 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom. * 1156 &ndas ...

** Armed Forces Day (Mali) ** Cheese Day (United States) ** Heroes' Day (Cape Verde) ** Inauguration Day, held every four years in odd-numbered years, except when January 20 falls on a Sunday (United States) **

Martyrs' Day (Azerbaijan) There are several public holidays in Azerbaijan. Public holidays were regulated in the constitution of the Azerbaijan SSR for the first time on 19 May 1921. They are now regulated by the Constitution of Azerbaijan. Holidays Main holidays Othe ...

* January 21 **

Babinden Babinden ( bg, Бабинден, russian: Бабьи каши, Бабий день the ''Day of the baba'' or the D''ay of the midwife'') is a traditional Bulgarian feast, celebrated on 8 January (or in some areas 21 January according to the Gre ...

(Bulgaria, Serbia) ** Birthday of Princess Ingrid Alexandra (Norway) **

Errol Barrow Day Errol Barrow Day is a Barbadian public holiday celebrated on 21 January, to commemorate Errol Barrow, the former Prime Minister of Barbados, who helped lead his country to independence from the United Kingdom. The date is the second public holida ...

(Barbados) **

Flag Day (Quebec) The flag of Quebec, called the (), represents the Canadian province of Quebec. It consists of a white cross on a blue background, with four white fleurs-de-lis. It was the first provincial flag officially adopted in Canada and was originally sh ...

** Grandmother's Day (Poland) ** Lady of Altagracia Day (Dominican Republic) ** Lincoln Alexander Day ( Canada) **

National Hug Day National Hugging Day is an annual event dedicated to hugging. It was created by Kevin Zaborney and occurs annually on January 21. The day was first celebrated on January 21, 1986, in Clio, Michigan Clio () is a city in Genesee County in the ...

(United States) *

January 22 Events Pre-1600 * 613 – Eight-month-old Constantine is crowned as co-emperor (''Caesar'') by his father Heraclius at Constantinople. * 871 – Battle of Basing: The West Saxons led by King Æthelred I are defeated by the Danelaw Vi ...

** Answer Your Cat's Question Day **

Day of Unity of Ukraine The Unification Act ( uk, Акт Злуки, translit=Akt Zluky, , "Act Zluky" or uk, Велика Злука, translit=Velyka Zluka, label=none, ) was an agreement signed on 22 January 1919, by the Ukrainian People's Republic and the West Ukr ...

(Ukraine) ** Grandfather's Day (Poland) ** National Hot Sauce Day (United States) * January 23 **

Bounty Day Bounty Day is a holiday on both Pitcairn Island, destination of the ''Bounty'' mutineers, and on Norfolk Island. It is celebrated on 23 January on Pitcairn, and on 8 June on Norfolk Island, the day that the descendants of the mutineers arrived on ...

(

Pitcairn Island Pitcairn Island is the only inhabited island of the Pitcairn Islands, of which many inhabitants are descendants of mutineers of HMS ''Bounty''. Geography The island is of volcanic origin, with a rugged cliff coastline. Unlike many other ...

) **

Espousals of the Blessed Virgin Mary The Espousals of the Blessed Virgin Mary or Marriage of the Virgin Mary is a Christian feast is celebrated by certain parts of the Roman Catholic Church such as the Oblates of Saint Joseph. It was formerly generally observed on January 23, but w ...

( Roman Catholic Church) **

National Pie Day National Pie Day is a celebration of pies that occurs annually in the United States on January 23. It started in the mid-1970s by Boulder, Colorado nuclear engineer, brewer and teacher Charlie Papazian after he declared his own birthday, January ...

(United States) ** Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose's Jayanti ( Orissa, Tripura, and West Bengal, India) ** Snow Plow Mailbox Hockey Day ** World Freedom Day (Taiwan and South Korea) * January 24 **Feast of Our Lady of Peace ( Roman Catholic Church), and its related observances: ***''

Feria de Alasitas The largest Alasitas fair (or Alacita, Alacitas, Alasita; Spanish: Feria de las Alasitas) is an annual month-long cultural event starting on 24 January in La Paz, Bolivia. It honours Ekeko, the Aymara god of abundance, and is noted for the givi ...

'' (

La Paz La Paz (), officially known as Nuestra Señora de La Paz (Spanish pronunciation: ), is the seat of government of the Bolivia, Plurinational State of Bolivia. With an estimated 816,044 residents as of 2020, La Paz is the List of Bolivian cities ...

) ** Moebius Syndrome Awareness Day ( international observance) ** National Peanut Butter Day (United States) ** Unification Day (Romania) *

January 25 Events Pre-1600 * 41 – After a night of negotiation, Claudius is accepted as Roman emperor by the Senate. * 750 – In the Battle of the Zab, the Abbasid rebels defeat the Umayyad Caliphate, leading to the overthrow of the dynasty ...

** 2011 Revolution Day (Egypt) ** A Room of One's Own Day ** Burns night (Scotland, Scottish community) **

Dydd Santes Dwynwen Saint Dwynwen (; 5th century), sometimes known as Dwyn or Donwen, is the Welsh patron saint of lovers. She is celebrated throughout Wales on 25 January. History and legend The original tale has become mixed with elements of folktales ...

(Wales) ** Feast of the Conversion of Saint Paul ( Eastern Orthodox,

Oriental Orthodox The Oriental Orthodox Churches are Eastern Christian churches adhering to Miaphysite Christology, with approximately 60 million members worldwide. The Oriental Orthodox Churches are part of the Nicene Christian tradition, and represent o ...

, Roman Catholic,

Anglican Anglicanism is a Western Christian tradition that has developed from the practices, liturgy, and identity of the Church of England following the English Reformation, in the context of the Protestant Reformation in Europe. It is one of th ...

and Lutheran churches, which concludes the Week of Prayer for Christian Unity) ** National Police Day (Egypt) **

National Voters' Day In order to encourage more young voters to take part in the political process, Government of India has decided to celebrate January 25 every year as "National Voters' Day". It has been started from 25 January 2011 to mark the foundation day of ...

(India) ** Tatiana Day (Russia, Eastern Orthodox) * January 26 ** Australia Day (Australia) ** Duarte Day (Dominican Republic) ** Engineer's Day (Panama) ** International Customs Day ** Liberation Day (Uganda) ** Republic Day (India) *

January 27 Events Pre-1600 * 98 – Trajan succeeds his adoptive father Nerva as Roman emperor; under his rule the Roman Empire will reach its maximum extent. * 945 – The co-emperors Stephen and Constantine are overthrown and forced to becom ...

** Day of the lifting of the siege of Leningrad (Russia) ** Liberation of the remaining inmates of Auschwitz-related observances: ***

Holocaust Memorial Day (UK) Holocaust Memorial Day (HMD, 27 January) is a national commemoration day in the United Kingdom dedicated to the remembrance of the Jews and others who suffered in the Holocaust, under Nazi persecution. It was first held in January 2001 and has be ...

***

Holocaust Remembrance Day Yom HaZikaron laShoah ve-laG'vurah ( he, יום הזיכרון לשואה ולגבורה, , lit=Holocaust and Heroism Remembrance Day), known colloquially in Israel and abroad as Yom HaShoah (יום השואה) and in English as Holocaust Reme ...

(Sweden) *** International Holocaust Remembrance Day *** Memorial Day (Italy) *** Memorial Day for the Victims of the Holocaust and Prevention of Crimes against Humanity (Czech Republic) *** Memorial Day for the Victims of National Socialism (Germany) *** National Holocaust Memorial Day (Greece) **

Family Literacy Day Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Ide ...

(Canada) ** Feast of Saint Slava (Serbia) ** National Chocolate Cake Day (United States) ** Saint Devota's Day (Monaco) * January 28 ** Army Day (Armenia) **

Data Privacy Day Data Privacy Day (known in Europe as Data Protection Day) is an international event that occurs every year on 28 January. The purpose of Data Privacy Day is to raise awareness and promote privacy and data protection best practices. It is curren ...

( international observance) * January 29 ** Kansas Day ( Kansas, United States) *

January 30 Events Pre-1600 *1018 – Poland and the Holy Roman Empire conclude the Peace of Bautzen. *1287 – King Wareru founds the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, and proclaims independence from the Pagan Kingdom. 1601–1900 *1607 – An estimated ...

** Day of Azerbaijani customs ( Azerbaijan) ** Day of ''Saudade'' ( Brazil) ** Fred Korematsu Day ( California, United States) **Martyrdom of Mahatma Gandhi-related observances: *** Martyrs' Day (India) ***

School Day of Non-violence and Peace The School Day of Non-violence and Peace (or DENIP, acronym from Catalan: ''Dia Escolar de la No-violència i la Pau'') is an observance founded by the Spanish poet ''Llorenç Vidal Vidal'' in Majorca in 1964 as a starting point and support for ...

( Spain) ***Start of the Season for Nonviolence January 30 – April 4 ** National Inane Answering Message Day ( United States) ** Teacher's Day ( Greece) * January 31 **

Amartithi Meher Baba (born Merwan Sheriar Irani; 25 February 1894 – 31 January 1969) was an Indian spirituality, spiritual master who said he was the Avatar, or God in human form, of the age. A major spiritual figure of the 20th century, he had a ...

( Meherabad, India, followers of Meher Baba) **

Independence Day (Nauru) This a list of holidays in Nauru, an island nation in Micronesia Micronesia (, ) is a subregion of Oceania, consisting of about 2,000 small islands in the western Pacific Ocean. It has a close shared cultural history with three other isla ...

** Me-Dam-Me-Phi (

Ahom Ahom may refer to: *Ahom people, an ethnic community in Assam * Ahom language, a language associated with the Ahom people *Ahom religion, an ethnic folk religion of Tai-Ahom people *Ahom alphabet, a script used to write the Ahom language * Ahom kin ...

people) ** Street Children's Day ( Austria)

References

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