Jaipur (;
Hindi
Hindi ( Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been ...
: ''Jayapura''), formerly Jeypore, is the
capital and largest city of the Indian
state
State may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Literature
* ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State
* ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States
* ''Our S ...
of
Rajasthan
Rajasthan (; lit. 'Land of Kings') is a state in northern India. It covers or 10.4 per cent of India's total geographical area. It is the largest Indian state by area and the seventh largest by population. It is on India's northwestern s ...
. , the city had a population of 3.1 million, making it the
tenth most populous city in the country. Jaipur is also known as the ''Pink City'', due to the dominant colour scheme of its buildings. It is also known as the
Paris
Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...
of India, and
C. V. Raman
Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (; 7 November 188821 November 1970) was an Indian physicist known for his work in the field of light scattering.
Using a spectrograph that he developed, he and his student K. S. Krishnan discovered that when ...
called it the ''Island of Glory''. It is located from the national capital
New Delhi
New Delhi (, , ''Naī Dillī'') is the capital of India and a part of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT). New Delhi is the seat of all three branches of the government of India, hosting the Rashtrapati Bhavan, Parliament Ho ...
. Jaipur was founded in 1727 by the
Kachhwaha
The Kachhwaha or Kachawa is a Rajput clan found primarily in India. Sometimes families within the clan ruled a number of kingdoms and princely states, such as Jaipur, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Alwar and Maihar.
Subclans
Rajawat, ...
Rajput
Rajput (from Sanskrit ''raja-putra'' 'son of a king') is a large multi-component cluster of castes, kin bodies, and local groups, sharing social status and ideology of genealogical descent originating from the Indian subcontinent. The term Ra ...
ruler
Jai Singh II
Jai Singh II (3 November 1681 – 21 September 1743) popularly known as Sawai Jai Singh was the 29th Kachwaha Rajput ruler of the Jaipur State, Kingdom of Amber, who later founded the fortified city of Jaipur and made it his capital. He was born ...
,
the ruler of
Amer
Amer may refer to:
Places
* Amer (river), a river in the Dutch province of North Brabant
* Amer, Girona, a municipality in the province of Girona in Catalonia, Spain
* Amber, India (also known as Amer, India), former city of Rajasthan state
** Am ...
, after whom the city is named. It was one of the earliest planned cities of modern India, designed by
Vidyadhar Bhattacharya.
During the British Colonial period, the city served as the capital of
Jaipur State. After independence in 1947, Jaipur was made the capital of the newly formed state of
Rajasthan
Rajasthan (; lit. 'Land of Kings') is a state in northern India. It covers or 10.4 per cent of India's total geographical area. It is the largest Indian state by area and the seventh largest by population. It is on India's northwestern s ...
.
Jaipur is a popular
tourist destination in India and forms a part of the west
Golden Triangle
Golden Triangle may refer to:
Places
Asia
* Golden Triangle (Southeast Asia), named for its opium production
* Golden Triangle (Yangtze), China, named for its rapid economic development
* Golden Triangle (India), comprising the popular tourist ...
tourist circuit along with
Delhi
Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Straddling the Yamuna river, primarily its western or right bank, Delhi shares borders ...
and
Agra
Agra (, ) is a city on the banks of the Yamuna river in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, about south-east of the national capital New Delhi and 330 km west of the state capital Lucknow. With a population of roughly 1.6 million, Agra i ...
(). It also serves as a gateway to other
tourist destinations in Rajasthan such as
Jodhpur
Jodhpur (; ) is the second-largest city in the Indian state of Rajasthan and officially the second metropolitan city of the state. It was formerly the seat of the princely state of Jodhpur State. Jodhpur was historically the capital of the ...
(),
Jaisalmer
Jaisalmer , nicknamed "The Golden city", is a city in the Indian state of Rajasthan, located west of the state capital Jaipur. The town stands on a ridge of yellowish sandstone and is crowned by the ancient Jaisalmer Fort. This fort contains a ...
(),
Bharatpur (),
Udaipur
Udaipur () ( ISO 15919: ''Udayapura''), historically named as Udayapura, is a city and municipal corporation in Udaipur district of the state of Rajasthan, India. It is the administrative headquarter of Udaipur district. It is the historic cap ...
(),
Kota (252 km, 156 mi) and
Mount Abu
Mount Abu () is a hill station in the Aravalli Range in Sirohi district of the state of Rajasthan in western India.The mountain forms a rocky plateau 22 km long by 9 km wide. The highest peak on the mountain is Guru Shikhar at above ...
().
On 6 July 2019,
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. It ...
World Heritage Committee inscribed Jaipur the "Pink City of India" among its
World Heritage Sites
A World Heritage Site is a landmark or area with legal protection by an international convention administered by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). World Heritage Sites are designated by UNESCO for ...
. The city is also home to the UNESCO World Heritage Sites
Amer Fort
Amer Fort or Amber Fort is a fort located in Amer, Rajasthan, India. Amer is a town with an area of located from Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan. Amber city and Amber fort were founded by ruler Alan Singh of Chanda dynasty of Meenas. Located ...
and
Jantar Mantar
A Jantar Mantar ( Hindustani pronunciation: ͡ʒən̪t̪ər mən̪t̪ər is an assembly of stone-built astronomical instruments, designed to be used with the naked eye. There were five Jantar Mantars in India, all of them built at the com ...
.
History
![1 Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II ca 1725 Jaipur](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/1_Maharaja_Sawai_Jai_Singh_II_ca_1725_Jaipur._British_museum.jpg)
The city of Jaipur was founded by the
King of Amber,
Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II on 18 November 1727, who ruled from 1699 to 1743. He planned to shift his capital from Amber, to Jaipur to accommodate the growing population and increasing scarcity of water.
Jai Singh consulted several books on architecture and architects while planning the layout of Jaipur. Under the architectural guidance of
Vidyadhar Bhattacharya, Jaipur was planned based on the principles of
Vastu Shastra
''Vastu shastra'' ( hi, वास्तु शास्त्र, ' – literally "science of architecture") is a traditional Indian system of architecture based on ancient texts that describe principles of design, layout, measurements, groun ...
and
Shilpa Shastra.
The construction of the city began in 1726 and took four years to complete the major roads, offices, and palaces. The architecture of the city was heavily influenced by the 17th century architectural renaissance during Mughal rule in Northern India. Hence much of it resembles architecture styles from around the Muslim world. The city was divided into nine blocks, two of which contained the state buildings and palaces, with the remaining seven allotted to the public. Huge ramparts were built, pierced by seven fortified gates.
During the rule of
Sawai Ram Singh I, the city was painted pink to welcome
HRH
Royal Highness is a style used to address or refer to some members of royal families, usually princes or princesses. Monarchs and their consorts are usually styled ''Majesty''.
When used as a direct form of address, spoken or written, it takes ...
Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (who later became
King Edward VII
Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Emperor of India, from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910.
The second child and eldest son of Queen Victoria a ...
,
Emperor of India
Emperor or Empress of India was a title used by British monarchs from 1 May 1876 (with the Royal Titles Act 1876) to 22 June 1948, that was used to signify their rule over British India, as its imperial head of state. Royal Proclamation of 22 ...
), in 1876.
Many of the avenues still remain painted in pink, giving Jaipur a distinctive appearance and the epithet ''Pink city''.
In the 19th century, the city grew rapidly and by 1900 it had a population of 160,000. The wide boulevards were paved and its chief industries were the working of metals and
marble
Marble is a metamorphic rock composed of recrystallized carbonate minerals, most commonly calcite or dolomite. Marble is typically not foliated (layered), although there are exceptions. In geology, the term ''marble'' refers to metamorphose ...
, fostered by a school of art founded in 1868.
The city had three colleges, including a
Sanskrit
Sanskrit (; attributively , ; nominally , , ) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused there from the northwest in the late ...
college (1865) and a girls' school (1867) opened during the reign of the
Maharaja
Mahārāja (; also spelled Maharajah, Maharaj) is a Sanskrit title for a "great ruler", "great king" or " high king".
A few ruled states informally called empires, including ruler raja Sri Gupta, founder of the ancient Indian Gupta Empire, a ...
Ram Singh II.
Large areas of the city including the airport were flooded in August 1981, resulting in the death of eight people and much damage to the city's
Dravyavati River.
The floods were caused by three days of cloud burst that produced more rain than the annual average.
Geography
Climate
Jaipur has a monsoon-influenced
hot semi-arid climate (
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notabl ...
''BSh'') with long, extremely hot summers and short, mild to warm winters. Annual precipitation is over 63 cm, falling mostly in July and August due to monsoon, causing the average temperatures in these two months to be lower compared to drier May and June. During the monsoon, there are frequent, heavy rains and thunderstorms, but flooding is not common. The highest temperature ever recorded was , on 23 May 1994. The city's average temperature remains below between December and February. These months are mild, dry, and pleasant, sometimes chilly. The lowest temperature ever recorded was on 31 January 1905, 1 February 1905 & 16 January 1964. Jaipur, like many other major cities of the world, is a significant
urban heat island
An urban heat island (UHI) is an urban or metropolitan area that is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas due to human activities. The temperature difference is usually larger at night than during the day, and is most apparen ...
zone with surrounding rural temperatures occasionally falling below freezing in winters.
Demographics
According to the provisional report of 2011 census, Jaipur city had a population of 3,073,350.
The overall literacy rate for the city is 84.34%. 90.61% males and 77.41% females were literate.
The sex ratio was 898 females per 1,000 males & the child sex ratio was recorded 854.
However, the population of the city is expected to grow up to around 39.1 lakhs (3.91 million).
Languages
The official language of Jaipur is
Hindi
Hindi ( Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been ...
and the additional official language is English.
The native and main dialect of the city is
Dhundari
Dhundhari (also known as Jaipuri) is a dialect of Rajasthani spoken in the Dhundhar region of northeastern Rajasthan state, India. Dhundari-speaking people are found in four districts – Jaipur, Sawai Madhopur, Dausa, Tonk and some parts of ...
. The
Marwari and
Standard Hindi dialects are also spoken, along with English.
Religion
According to the 2011 census,
Hindu
Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...
s form the majority religious group accounting for 77.9% of the city's population, followed by
Muslims (18.6%),
Jain
Jainism ( ), also known as Jain Dharma, is an Indian religion. Jainism traces its spiritual ideas and history through the succession of twenty-four tirthankaras (supreme preachers of ''Dharma''), with the first in the current time cycle being ...
s (2.4%) and others (1.2%).
Governance and politics
Civic administration
The
Jaipur Municipal Corporation (JMC) was established in the year 1994.
The area of the municipal corporation is 467 square km
and it is governed under the Rajasthan Municipality Act of 1959.
The municipal corporation is headed by a mayor.
JMC was recently bifurcated into two Municipal Corporations, namely Greater Jaipur Municipal Corporation and Jaipur Heritage Municipal Corporation. Originally, the municipality had 91 wards and each ward was represented by an elected member. However, the Local Self Government Department of Rajasthan divided Jaipur into two municipal corporations, namely Greater Jaipur Municipal Corporation and Heritage Jaipur Municipal Corporation, with 150 and 100 wards each, respectively.
Municipal elections of Jaipur were held in the year 2014. In 2014 elections,
BJP
The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP; ; ) is a political party in India, and one of the two major Indian political parties alongside the Indian National Congress. Since 2014, it has been the ruling political party in India under Narendra Mo ...
won the majority in civic body elections. The latest elections is scheduled to be held in October 2020, and had been postponed due to
COVID-19
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by a virus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first known case was identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The disease quickly ...
. However, elections for the 100 wards of Jaipur Heritage Municipal Corporation were held on 29 October 2020.
The
mayor
In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities of a mayor as well ...
is the elected representative of the city. The current mayor of Jaipur city is Vishnu Laata. The administration duties are carried out by the
municipal commissioner and his group of officials. The municipal commissioner of Jaipur is Dinesh Kumar Yadav (IAS).
The estimated municipal budget for the year 2019–2020 is 215,853.
The key revenue sources for Jaipur municipality are taxes which include House tax, Urban Development tax and octroi compensation. Along with this it also gains revenue from various fees and user charges.
The masterplan for the city 2025 was created by the
Jaipur Development Authority
Jaipur Development Authority (JDA) is the agency of the Government of Rajasthan responsible for preparation and implementation of master plan for the Jaipur city in Rajasthan state in India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi ...
.
Legislative assembly and state agencies
Jaipur consists of two
parliamentary
A parliamentary system, or parliamentarian democracy, is a system of democratic governance of a state (or subordinate entity) where the executive derives its democratic legitimacy from its ability to command the support ("confidence") of the ...
constituencies
Jaipur
Jaipur (; Hindi: ''Jayapura''), formerly Jeypore, is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Rajasthan. , the city had a population of 3.1 million, making it the tenth most populous city in the country. Jaipur is also known ...
and
Jaipur Rural. The political party with a majority in Jaipur is the Indian National Congress. It also has electives from the BJP and
INC party.
The
Jaipur Lok Sabha constituency comprises eight
Vidhansabha
The State Legislative Assembly, or Vidhan Sabha, or also Saasana Sabha, is a legislative body in the states and union territories of India. In the 28 states and 3 union territories with a unicameral state legislature, it is the sole legislativ ...
(
legislative assembly) segments, all of which fall partly in Jaipur city. MLA for
Hawa Mahal
The Hawa Mahal is a palace in the city of Jaipur, India. Built from red and pink sandstone, it is on the edge of the City Palace, Jaipur, and extends to the ''Zenana'', or women's chambers.
The structure was built in 1799 by the Maharaja Sawai ...
is Mahesh Joshi from INC, MLA for Vidhyadhar Nagar is
Narpat Singh Rajvi from BJP, MLA for Civil Lines is
Pratap Singh Khachariyavas from INC, MLA for
Kishanpole is Amin Kagzi from INC, MLA for
Adarsh Nagar
Adarsh Nagar is a neighborhood in the northern part of Visakhapatnam City, India. It falls under the local administrative limits of Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation. National Highway 16 passes by this area. Adarsh Nagar is located nea ...
is Rafeek Khan from INC,
MLA for
Malviya Nagar constituency is
Kalicharan Saraf from BJP, MLA for
Sanganer constituency is Ashok Lahoty from BJP and lastly the MLA for Bagru is
Ganga Devi from INC.
The
Jaipur Rural Lok Sabha constituency also comprises eight vidhan sabha segments. There are in the northern outskirts of the Jaipur city. MLA for
Kotputli
Kotputli is a city and municipal corporation in Jaipur district of Rajasthan, India, located between Jaipur city and New Delhi. Kotputli was formed from the main town of Kot and the nearby village of Putli. The nearby areas like Patan, Narehda ...
is Rajendra Singh Yadav from INC, MLA for
Viratnagar
Viratnagar previously known as Bairat (IAST: ) or Bairath (IAST: ) is a town in northern Jaipur district of Rajasthan, India.
History
Ancient era
According to Huen Tsang, visitor to China, Tonk was under Bairath State or Viratnagar pre ...
is Indraj Gurjar from INC, MLA for
Shahpura is Alok Beniwal (Independent), MLA for
Phulera is Nirmal Kumawat from BJP, MLA for
Jhotwara is Lalchand Kataria from INC, MLA for
Amber
Amber is fossilized tree resin that has been appreciated for its color and natural beauty since Neolithic times. Much valued from antiquity to the present as a gemstone, amber is made into a variety of decorative objects."Amber" (2004). In ...
is Satish Poonia from BJP, MLA for
Jamwa Ramgarh is Gopal Meena from INC and lastly MLA for
Bansur is Shakuntala Rawat from INC.
Law and order
The city police in Jaipur is under the jurisdiction of the Rajasthan State Department. The current Police Commissioner for Jaipur City Police is Mr. Anand Srivastava. In Jaipur City, there is a District and Sessions court present. It also has a family court.
Civic utilities
Jaipur Development Authority
Jaipur Development Authority (JDA) is the agency of the Government of Rajasthan responsible for preparation and implementation of master plan for the Jaipur city in Rajasthan state in India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi ...
(JDA) is the nodal government agency responsible for the planning and development of Jaipur. Jaipur also falls under the
Jaipur district of the state of Rajasthan in western India. There are 13
tehsil
A tehsil (, also known as tahsil, taluka, or taluk) is a local unit of administrative division in some countries of South Asia. It is a subdistrict of the area within a district including the designated populated place that serves as its administ ...
s in the district, which are named Jaipur, Amer, Bassi,
Chaksu
Chaksu is a municipality in Jaipur district in the state of Rajasthan, India. The town is situated at a distance of 40 km from Jaipur on National Highway 52. The town is also one of the 13 tehsil headquarters of Jaipur District. Chaksu i ...
,
Chomu
Chomu (Sanskrit meaning four, meaning mouth or way) is a town and municipality, near the city of Jaipur in Jaipur district in the state of Rajasthan, India.
Near cities Jaipur
Chomu is located nearly 35 km away from Jaipur city. Ree ...
, Mojmabad,
Jamwa Ramgarh, Phage,
Phulera,
Kotputli
Kotputli is a city and municipal corporation in Jaipur district of Rajasthan, India, located between Jaipur city and New Delhi. Kotputli was formed from the main town of Kot and the nearby village of Putli. The nearby areas like Patan, Narehda ...
, Sanganer,
Shahpura,
Viratnagar
Viratnagar previously known as Bairat (IAST: ) or Bairath (IAST: ) is a town in northern Jaipur district of Rajasthan, India.
History
Ancient era
According to Huen Tsang, visitor to China, Tonk was under Bairath State or Viratnagar pre ...
. The total area of the district is 14068 square km.
Jaipur Municipal Corporation is responsible for maintaining the city's civic infrastructure and carrying out associated administrative duties.
Electricity in Jaipur City is supplied through Jaipur Vidyut Vitaran Nigam LTD(JVVNL) by the
Government of Rajasthan
The Government of Rajasthan is the supreme governing authority of the Indian state of Rajasthan and its 33 districts. It consists of an executive, led by the Governor of Rajasthan, a judiciary and a legislative. Jaipur is the capital of Raja ...
. Jaipur MC has a fire department wing and there are 11 fire stations, with 50 fire tenders in the state capital. However, with the city is expanding and the population increasing, the existing infrastructure is not sufficient to cater to the city's requirements.
Jaipur, a Tier 2 city, also does not have rescue tenders, used for cutting material, or a turntable ladder (TTL), used for dousing flames from aerial angles without entering the building.
Water supply, sewerage and drainage
The Rajasthan government has formed the Jaipur Water Supply and Sewerage Board (JWSSB) for the management of water supply and sewerage services in urban areas of the city. JWSSB, an autonomous body, has been constituted under the JWSSB Ordinance, 2018.
It will ensure water supply as per the standards stipulated by the Bureau of Indian Standards, the State Pollution Control Board or Rajasthan's Public Health Engineering Department (PHED).
JWSSB will be responsible for financing, designing, constructing, altering, repairing, operating, and maintaining various water supply and sewerage schemes. It will also provide meters and carry out commercial services such as meter reading, billing, and revenue collection.
The Jaipur Development Authority has divided the city into four main drainage zones with the northern and central zones draining into the
Dravyavati river while the western zone drains into the Chandler lake and the eastern and southern areas combined drain into the Dhundh River. Sewerage systems and STPs have been constructed accordingly with the installed capacity being 730 km of sewer lines and 442 MLD of sewage treatment.
Solid waste management
The corporation has a new solid waste management system that includes door-to-door collection, transportation of garbage in covered vehicles, proper deployment of dustbins, use of modern equipment.
The system ensures private investment as well as public participation with a small amount of monthly user charges. The size of the JMC garbage can be kept at a manageable level.
Complete Sanitation work in 3 zones, namely, Hawamahal Zone (East), Hawamahal (West), Motidungari Zone, and Pratap Nagar has been contracted out through National Tendering.
Tourism
Jaipur is a major tourist destination in India forming a part of the
Golden Triangle
Golden Triangle may refer to:
Places
Asia
* Golden Triangle (Southeast Asia), named for its opium production
* Golden Triangle (Yangtze), China, named for its rapid economic development
* Golden Triangle (India), comprising the popular tourist ...
. In the 2008 Conde Nast Traveller Readers Choice Survey, Jaipur was ranked the 7th best place to visit in Asia.
According to TripAdvisor's 2015 Traveller's Choice Awards for Destination, Jaipur ranked 1st among the Indian destinations for the year. The Presidential Suite at the
Raj Palace Hotel, billed at per night, was listed in second place on CNN's ''World's 15 most expensive hotel suites'' in 2012.
Jaipur Exhibition & Convention Centre (JECC) is Rajasthan's biggest convention and exhibition centre. It is famous for organising events such as Vastara,
Jaipur Jewellery Show, Stonemart 2015 and Resurgent Rajasthan Partnership Summit 2015.
Visitor attractions include the Birla Auditorium,
Albert Hall Museum
The Albert Hall Museum in Jaipur is the oldest museum of the state and functions as the state museum of Rajasthan, India. The building is situated in Ram Niwas garden outside the city wall opposite New gate and is a fine example of Indo-Sarac ...
,
Hawa Mahal
The Hawa Mahal is a palace in the city of Jaipur, India. Built from red and pink sandstone, it is on the edge of the City Palace, Jaipur, and extends to the ''Zenana'', or women's chambers.
The structure was built in 1799 by the Maharaja Sawai ...
,
Jal Mahal
Jal Mahal (meaning "Water Palace") is a palace in the middle of the Man Sagar Lake in Jaipur city, the capital of the state of Rajasthan, India. The palace was originally constructed in 1699; the building and the lake around it were later r ...
,
City Palace,
Amer Fort
Amer Fort or Amber Fort is a fort located in Amer, Rajasthan, India. Amer is a town with an area of located from Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan. Amber city and Amber fort were founded by ruler Alan Singh of Chanda dynasty of Meenas. Located ...
,
Jantar Mantar
A Jantar Mantar ( Hindustani pronunciation: ͡ʒən̪t̪ər mən̪t̪ər is an assembly of stone-built astronomical instruments, designed to be used with the naked eye. There were five Jantar Mantars in India, all of them built at the com ...
,
Nahargarh Fort,
Jaigarh Fort
Jaigarh Fort is situated on the promontory called the Cheel ka Teela (Hill of Eagles) of the Aravalli range; it overlooks the Amer Fort and the Maota Lake, near Amer in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The fort was built by Sawai Jai Singh in 1726 ...
,
Birla Mandir,
Galtaji,
Govind Dev Ji Temple,
Garh Ganesh Temple
Garh Ganesh Temple is an 18th-century temple of Lord Ganesh in the city of Jaipur. It is located on the hills near Nahargarh Fort and Jaigarh Fort.
Garh Ganesha temple is devoted to Lord Ganesha. Devotees believe that Ganesha is present in the ...
,
Moti Dungri
Moti Dungri is a Hindu temple complex dedicated to lord Ganesha in Jaipur, Rajasthan. It was built in 1761 under supervision of Seth Jai Ram Paliwal. The temple is a popular tourist attraction in the city and is located next to the Birla Temple
...
Ganesh Temple,
Sanghiji
Shri Digamber Jain Atishya Kshetra Mandir, Sanghiji is an ancient Jain Temple in Sanganer, Rajasthan made of red stone. The ancient Shri Digamber Jain temple of Sanganer is 16 km from Jaipur.
History
This temple is a major Jain pilg ...
Jain temple and the
Jaipur Zoo. The
Jantar Mantar
A Jantar Mantar ( Hindustani pronunciation: ͡ʒən̪t̪ər mən̪t̪ər is an assembly of stone-built astronomical instruments, designed to be used with the naked eye. There were five Jantar Mantars in India, all of them built at the com ...
observatory (The Jantar Mantar is a collection of 19 astronomical instruments remarkable at their time.) and
Amer Fort
Amer Fort or Amber Fort is a fort located in Amer, Rajasthan, India. Amer is a town with an area of located from Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan. Amber city and Amber fort were founded by ruler Alan Singh of Chanda dynasty of Meenas. Located ...
are one of the
World Heritage Site
A World Heritage Site is a landmark or area with legal protection by an international convention administered by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). World Heritage Sites are designated by UNESCO for h ...
s. Hawa Mahal is a five-storey pyramidal shaped monument with 953 windows that rises from its high base.
Sisodiya Rani Bagh
Sisodia Rani Garden and Palace is a palace garden from Jaipur city in of Rajasthan state in India.
It was built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II in 1728. The place consists of tiered multi-level gardens with fountains, watercourses and painted ...
and
Kanak Vrindavan are the major parks in Jaipur.
Raj Mandir is a notable cinema hall in Jaipur.
Jaipur now has options to view the entire city via a
Hot Air Balloon
A hot air balloon is a lighter-than-air aircraft consisting of a bag, called an envelope, which contains heated air. Suspended beneath is a gondola or wicker basket (in some long-distance or high-altitude balloons, a capsule), which carries ...
ride.
File:Albert Hall ( Jaipur ).jpg, Albert Hall Museum
The Albert Hall Museum in Jaipur is the oldest museum of the state and functions as the state museum of Rajasthan, India. The building is situated in Ram Niwas garden outside the city wall opposite New gate and is a fine example of Indo-Sarac ...
File:Hawa Mahal east facade (14-07-2022).jpg, Hawa Mahal
The Hawa Mahal is a palace in the city of Jaipur, India. Built from red and pink sandstone, it is on the edge of the City Palace, Jaipur, and extends to the ''Zenana'', or women's chambers.
The structure was built in 1799 by the Maharaja Sawai ...
File:Jal Mahal in Man Sagar Lake.jpg, Jal Mahal
Jal Mahal (meaning "Water Palace") is a palace in the middle of the Man Sagar Lake in Jaipur city, the capital of the state of Rajasthan, India. The palace was originally constructed in 1699; the building and the lake around it were later r ...
File:Riddhi-Siddhi Pol, City Palace Jaipur.jpg, City Palace
File:20191219 Fort Amber, Amer, Jaipur 0955 9481.jpg, Amer Fort
Amer Fort or Amber Fort is a fort located in Amer, Rajasthan, India. Amer is a town with an area of located from Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan. Amber city and Amber fort were founded by ruler Alan Singh of Chanda dynasty of Meenas. Located ...
File:Jantar Mantar at Jaipur.jpg, Jantar Mantar
A Jantar Mantar ( Hindustani pronunciation: ͡ʒən̪t̪ər mən̪t̪ər is an assembly of stone-built astronomical instruments, designed to be used with the naked eye. There were five Jantar Mantars in India, all of them built at the com ...
File:Jaipur 03-2016 01 Jaigarh Fort.jpg, Jaigarh Fort
Jaigarh Fort is situated on the promontory called the Cheel ka Teela (Hill of Eagles) of the Aravalli range; it overlooks the Amer Fort and the Maota Lake, near Amer in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The fort was built by Sawai Jai Singh in 1726 ...
File:Galta Ji Mandir (14-07-2022) img 02.jpg, Galtaji
File:Nahargarh 13.jpg, Nahargarh Fort
File:Birla mandir jaipur from nehru marg.JPG, Birla Mandir
Travel+Leisure – The World's Best Awards 2020
Jaipur was ranked Number 8 in "The Top 15 Cities in Asia".
Culture
Jaipur has many cultural sites like
Jawahar Kala Kendra formed by Architect
Charles Correa
Charles Mark Correa (1 September 1930 – 16 June 2015) was an Indian architect and urban planner. Credited with the creation of modern architecture in post-Independent India, he was celebrated for his sensitivity to the needs of the urban p ...
and Ravindra Manch. Government Central Museum hosts several arts and antiquities. There is a government museum at
Hawa Mahal
The Hawa Mahal is a palace in the city of Jaipur, India. Built from red and pink sandstone, it is on the edge of the City Palace, Jaipur, and extends to the ''Zenana'', or women's chambers.
The structure was built in 1799 by the Maharaja Sawai ...
and an art gallery at
Viratnagar
Viratnagar previously known as Bairat (IAST: ) or Bairath (IAST: ) is a town in northern Jaipur district of Rajasthan, India.
History
Ancient era
According to Huen Tsang, visitor to China, Tonk was under Bairath State or Viratnagar pre ...
. There are statues depicting
Rajasthani culture
The culture of Rajasthan includes many artistic traditions that reflect the ancient Indian way of life. Rajasthan is also called "Land of Kings". It has many tourist attractions and facilities for tourists. This historical state of India attrac ...
around the city. Jaipur has many traditional shops selling antiques and handicrafts, as well as contemporary brands reviving traditional techniques, such as
Anokhi. The prior rulers of Jaipur patronised a number of arts and crafts. They invited skilled artisans, artists and craftsmen from India and abroad who settled in the city. Some of the crafts include
bandhani
Bandhani ( hi, बांधणी, gu, બાંધણી) is a type of tie-dye textile decorated by plucking the cloth with the fingernails into many tiny bindings that form a figurative design. The term ''bandhani'' is derived from the Sans ...
,
block printing
Woodblock printing or block printing is a technique for printing text, images or patterns used widely throughout East Asia and originating in China in antiquity as a method of printing on textiles and later paper. Each page or image is create ...
,
stone carving and
sculpture
Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. Sculpture is the three-dimensional art work which is physically presented in the dimensions of height, width and depth. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable ...
,
tarkashi,
zari
''Zari'' (or ''jari'') is an even thread traditionally made of fine gold or silver used in traditional Indian, Bangladeshi and Pakistani garments, especially as brocade in saris etc. This thread is woven into fabrics, primarily silk, to make i ...
,
gota-patti,
kinari and
zardozi
Zardozi or zar-douzi or zarduzi (from Classical Persian زَردوزی ''zardōzī'', literally "gold embroidery"; fa, label= Modern Persian, زَردوزی, translit=zarduzi; hi, ज़रदोज़ी, tg, зардӯзӣ, ur, زردوز ...
, silver jewellery,
gems
Gems, or gemstones, are polished, cut stones or minerals.
Gems or GEMS may also refer to:
Arts, entertainment and media
* ''Gems'' (Aerosmith album), 1988
* ''Gems'' (Patti LaBelle album), 1994
* ''Gems'' (Michael Bolton album), 2011
* Gems TV, ...
,
kundan
Kundan, meaning pure gold, is a traditional form of Indian gemstone jewellery involving a gem set with a gold foil between the stones and its mount, usually for elaborate necklaces and other jewellery.
History
Origins of Kundan jewelleries i ...
,
meenakari and
jewellery
Jewellery ( UK) or jewelry (U.S.) consists of decorative items worn for personal adornment, such as brooches, rings, necklaces, earrings, pendants, bracelets, and cufflinks. Jewellery may be attached to the body or the clothes. From a wester ...
,
Lakh ki Chudiya,
miniature paintings,
blue pottery,
ivory carving,
shellac
Shellac () is a resin secreted by the female lac bug on trees in the forests of India and Thailand. It is processed and sold as dry flakes and dissolved in alcohol to make liquid shellac, which is used as a brush-on colorant, food glaze and ...
work and
leather ware.
Jaipur has its own performing arts. The Jaipur Gharana for
Kathak
Kathak ( hi, कथक; ur, کتھک) is one of the eight major forms of Indian classical dance. It is the classical dance from of Uttar Pradesh. The origin of Kathak is traditionally attributed to the traveling bards in ancient northern Ind ...
is one of the three gharanas of the major north Indian classical dance form of Kathak.
The Jaipur Gharana of Kathak is known for its rapid intricate dance forms, vivacious body movements and subtle Abhinaya.
The
Ghoomar
Ghoomar or ghumar is a traditional folk dance of Rajasthan. It was the Bhil tribe who performed it to worship Goddess Sarasvati which was later embraced by other Rajasthani communities. The dance is chiefly performed by veiled women who wear fl ...
is a popular folk dance style. Tamasha is an art form where
Kathputli puppet dance is shown in play form.
Major festivals celebrated in Jaipur include
Elephant Festival,
Gangaur
Gangaur ( hi, गणगौर, ISO 15919: ''Gaṇagaura'' ) is a festival celebrated in the Indian state of Rajasthan and Nimaar region (Barwani, Khargone, Khandwa etc.) of Madhya Pradesh. It is also celebrated in some parts of Gujarat and West ...
,
Makar Sankranti,
Holi
Holi (), also known as the Festival of Colours, the Festival of Spring, and the Festival of Love,The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998) p. 874 "Holi /'həʊli:/ noun a Hindu spring festival ...". is an ancient Hindu religious festival ...
,
Diwali,
Vijayadashami
Vijayadashami ( sa, विजयदशमी, Vijayadaśamī, translit-std=IAST), also known as Dussehra, Dasara or Dashain, is a major Hindu festival celebrated at the end of Navaratri every year. It is observed on the tenth day in the Hind ...
,
Teej
Teej ( ne, तीज, Tīja, translit-std=ISO) is the generic name for a number of Hindu festivals that are celebrated by women and girls. and welcome the monsoon season and are celebrated primarily by girls and women, with singing, dancing, ...
,
Eid,
Mahavir Jayanti
Mahavir Janma Kalyanak is one of the most important religious festivals in Jainism. It celebrates the birth of Mahavir, the twenty-fourth and last Tirthankara of present Avasarpiṇī. On the Gregorian calendar, the holiday occurs either in M ...
and
Christmas
Christmas is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed primarily on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world. A feast central to the Christian liturgical year ...
. Jaipur is also famous for the
Jaipur Literature Festival
The Jaipur Literature Festival, or JLF, is an annual literary festival which takes place in the Indian city of Jaipur each year in the month of January. It was founded in 2006. It is the world's largest free literary festival.
The Diggi Palace ...
, the world's largest free literature festival in which authors, writers and literature lovers from all over the country participate.
Architecture
![Jaipur, India, Street](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Jaipur%2C_India%2C_Street.jpg)
The city was planned according to the Indian
Vastu shastra
''Vastu shastra'' ( hi, वास्तु शास्त्र, ' – literally "science of architecture") is a traditional Indian system of architecture based on ancient texts that describe principles of design, layout, measurements, groun ...
by
Vidyadhar Bhattacharya in 1727. There are three gates facing east, west, and north. The eastern gate is called ''Suraj pol'' (sun gate), the western gate is called ''Chand pol'' (moon gate) and the northern gate faces the ancestral capital of
Amer
Amer may refer to:
Places
* Amer (river), a river in the Dutch province of North Brabant
* Amer, Girona, a municipality in the province of Girona in Catalonia, Spain
* Amber, India (also known as Amer, India), former city of Rajasthan state
** Am ...
.
The city is unusual among pre-modern Indian cities in the regularity of its streets, and the division of the city into six sectors by broad streets 34 m (111 ft) wide. The urban quarters are further divided by networks of gridded streets. Five-quarters wrap around the east, south, and west sides of a central palace quarter, with a sixth quarter immediately to the east. The Palace quarter encloses the
Hawa Mahal
The Hawa Mahal is a palace in the city of Jaipur, India. Built from red and pink sandstone, it is on the edge of the City Palace, Jaipur, and extends to the ''Zenana'', or women's chambers.
The structure was built in 1799 by the Maharaja Sawai ...
palace complex, formal gardens, and a small lake.
Nahargarh Fort, which was the residence of the King Sawai Jai Singh II, crowns the hill in the northwest corner of the old city.
Cuisine
![Dal Bati Churma Rajasthan favourite food](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Dal_Bati_Churma_Rajasthan_favourite_food.jpg)
Typical dishes include
Dal Baati Churma, Missi
Roti
Roti (also known as chapati) is a round flatbread native to the Indian subcontinent. It is popular in India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Maldives, Myanmar, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Thailand, Guyana, Suriname, Jamaica, Trini ...
, Gatte ki Sabzi, Lahsun ki chutney, Ker Sangri, Makke ki Ghat, Bajre ki Ghat, Bajre ki Roti and Laal Maans. Jaipur is also known for its sweets which include
Ghevar
Ghevar or Ghewar (Devanagari:घेवर) is a Rajasthani cuisine disc-shaped sweet made from ghee, flour, and sugar syrup. It is traditionally associated with the month of Shravan and the Teej and Raksha Bandhan festivals. It is a part of Ra ...
, Feeni, Mawa Kachori, Gajak, Meethi thuli, Chauguni ke laddu, and Moong Thal.
Economy
![World Trade Park Jaipur in 2012](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/World_Trade_Park_Jaipur_in_2012.jpg)
As per the official records released by the Directorate of Economics and Statistics (Rajasthan), the GDP(nominal) of Jaipur district is estimated at
INR 1,22,140 crores ($15.8 billion) in 2020–21, with a per-capita GDP of INR 1,41,305. In addition to its role as the provincial capital, educational, and administrative centre, the economy of Jaipur is fuelled by tourism, gemstone cutting, the manufacture of jewellery and luxury textiles, and information technology.
Three major trade promotion organisations have their offices in Jaipur. These are: Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry, (FICCI) the PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry (PHDCCI) and the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) which has its regional offices here. In 2008, Jaipur was ranked 31 among the 50 Emerging Global Outsourcing cities.
Jaipur Stock Exchange was one of the regional stock exchanges in India and was founded in 1989 but was closed in March 2015.
Jaipur has emerged as a hub of automotive industries.
JCB,
Hero MotoCorp and
Robert Bosch GmbH have their manufacturing plants in Jaipur. Chemical manufacturers in the city are Aro Granite and
Emami
Emami Group is an Indian multinational conglomerate company headquartered in Kolkata, India. This group trades with their tag name Himani. The company has seven manufacturing units across India and one overseas unit. The Company caters to a num ...
Agrotech.
National Engineering Industries have a plant in Jaipur.
The city is among top emerging IT hubs of India along with
Ahmedabad,
Bhubaneswar
Bhubaneswar (; ) is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Odisha. The region, especially the old town, was historically often depicted as ''Ekamra Kshetra'' (area (''kshetra'') adorned with mango trees (''ekamra'')). Bhubaneswar is ...
and
Kochi
Kochi (), also known as Cochin ( ) ( the official name until 1996) is a major port city on the Malabar Coast of India bordering the Laccadive Sea, which is a part of the Arabian Sea. It is part of the district of Ernakulam in the state of K ...
.
Mahindra World City is an integrated business zone in Jaipur. It is home to several software and IT companies including
Genpact
Genpact is an American professional services firm legally domiciled in Bermuda with its headquarters in New York City, New York. The company currently employs more than 100,000 people and provides services to clients in over 30 countries worldwi ...
,
Appirio
Appirio, a Wipro company, was an information technology consulting company headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana (United States) that offered technology and professional services to companies wishing to adopt public cloud applications. This inc ...
,
Infosys
Infosys Limited is an Indian multinational information technology company that provides business consulting, information technology and outsourcing services. The company was founded in Pune and is headquartered in Bangalore. Infosys is the s ...
,
Wipro
Wipro Limited (formerly, Western India Palm Refined Oils Limited) is an Indian multinational corporation that provides information technology, consulting and business process services. Thierry Delaporte is serving as CEO and managing directo ...
,
ICICI Bank
ICICI Bank Limited is an Indian Private bank. It is headquartered at Mumbai. It offers a wide range of banking products and financial services for corporate and retail customers through a variety of delivery channels and specialized subsidiari ...
, Connexions and
Deutsche Bank
Deutsche Bank AG (), sometimes referred to simply as Deutsche, is a German multinational investment bank and financial services company headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany, and dual-listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange and the New York Sto ...
. The Government of Rajasthan have built Asia's largest incubator in Jaipur – the Bhamashah Techno Hub.
Jaipur is a major hub for arts and crafts. It has many traditional shops selling antiques, jewellery, handicrafts, gems, bangles, pottery, carpets, textiles, leather and metal products. Jaipur is one of India's largest manufacturers of
hand-knotted rugs.
Jaipur foot
The Jaipur foot, also known as the Jaipur leg, is a rubber-based prosthetic leg for people with below-knee amputations. Although inferior in many ways to the composite carbon fibre variants, its variable applicability and cost efficiency make ...
, a rubber-based
prosthetic leg
In medicine, a prosthesis (plural: prostheses; from grc, πρόσθεσις, prósthesis, addition, application, attachment), or a prosthetic implant, is an artificial device that replaces a missing body part, which may be lost through trau ...
for people with below-knee
amputations, was designed and is produced in Jaipur.
World Trade Park Jaipur, is a shopping mall in Jaipur opened in 2012.
Communication
Jaipur has offices of companies like
Airtel
Bharti Airtel Limited, commonly known as (d/b/a) Airtel, is an Indian multinational telecommunications services company based in New Delhi. It operates in 18 countries across South Asia and Africa, as well as the Channel Islands. Current ...
,
Jio
Reliance Jio Infocomm Limited, doing business as Jio, is an Indian telecommunications company and a subsidiary of Jio Platforms, headquartered in Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. It operates a national LTE network with coverage across all 2 ...
,
VI (Vodafone-Idea) and
BSNL which are providing mobile telephony and there are also various internet service providers in the city. The government of Rajasthan has started free WiFi at various public places like Central Park,
Jantar Mantar
A Jantar Mantar ( Hindustani pronunciation: ͡ʒən̪t̪ər mən̪t̪ər is an assembly of stone-built astronomical instruments, designed to be used with the naked eye. There were five Jantar Mantars in India, all of them built at the com ...
among others. Rajasthan's first ISP Data Ingenious Global Limited still providing large number of broadband customers and email services in entire Jaipur.
Broadband Services
Jaipur has got a good network of broadband services both in Old Jaipur and New Jaipur. Jaipur is served by BSNL FTTH, Tata Play Fiber, ACT, Data Ingenious, Jio and Airtel.
Media
Major daily newspapers in Jaipur include ''
Amar Ujala'', ''
Rajasthan Patrika
''Rajasthan Patrika'' is an Indian Hindi-language daily newspaper. It was founded by Karpoor Chandra Kulish in 1956 and published as ''Rajasthan Patrika'' in Delhi and Rajasthan, and as ''Patrika'' in 9 other states.
As per Indian Readership S ...
'', ''
Dainik Bhaskar
''Dainik Bhaskar ''is India's largest Hindi-language daily newspaper owned by the Dainik Bhaskar Group. According to Audit Bureau of Circulations, it is ranked 3rd in the world by circulation and is the largest newspaper in India by circula ...
'', ''
Indian Express
''The Indian Express'' is an English-language Indian daily newspaper founded in 1932. It is published in Mumbai by the Indian Express Group. In 1999, eight years after the group's founder Ramnath Goenka's death in 1991, the group was split be ...
'', ''
Dainik Navajyoti'' and ''
The Times of India
''The Times of India'', also known by its abbreviation ''TOI'', is an Indian English-language daily newspaper and digital news media owned and managed by The Times Group. It is the third-largest newspaper in India by circulation and largest ...
''.
The state-owned
All India Radio
All or ALL may refer to:
Language
* All, an indefinite pronoun in English
* All, one of the English determiners
* Allar language (ISO 639-3 code)
* Allative case (abbreviated ALL)
Music
* All (band), an American punk rock band
* ''All'' (All ...
is broadcast both on the
medium wave and
FM band
The FM broadcast band is a range of radio frequencies used for FM broadcasting by radio stations. The range of frequencies used differs between different parts of the world. In Europe and Africa (defined as International Telecommunication Union ( ...
in the city. Private FM stations include
Radio Mirchi
Radio Mirchi (also known as 98.3 Mirchi) is a nationwide network of private FM radio stations in India. It is owned by the EntertainmentNetwork India Ltd (ENIL), which is one of the subsidiaries of The Times Group. ''Mirchi'' is Hindi for re ...
(98.3 MHz),
Radio City (91.1 MHz),
My FM
My (formerly known as My FM) is a Malaysian-Chinese language private radio station managed by Astro Radio, a subsidiary of Astro Holdings Sdn Bhd. In 2015, as according to Nielsen RAM Survey Wave #1, My FM maintained its position as Malaysia's ...
(94.3 MHz),
FM Tadka 95 FM (95.0 MHz),
Mirchi Love Mirchi may refer to:
* Mirchi bada, spicy Indian doughnut
*Mirchi ka salan, chilli curry
* ''Mirchi'' (film), 2013 Indian film
* Iqbal Mirchi (1950–2013), Indian drug kingpin
*Radio Mirchi, Indian radio network
**Mirchi Music Awards
''Mirchi ...
(104.0 MHz),
Red FM 93.5 (93.5 MHz) and
Gyan Vani (105.6 MHz). The city has a community FM channel in FM Radio 7 (90.4 MHz) by India International School Institutional Network. The public broadcaster
Doordarshan (
Prasar Bharati
Prasar Bharati (abbreviated as PB; Hindi: ''Praśar Bharati'', lit. Indian Broadcaster) is India's state-owned public broadcaster, headquartered in New Delhi. It is a statutory autonomous body set up by an Act of Parliament and comprises the ...
) provides a regional channel in addition to the private broadcasters.
Transport
Roads
Jaipur is located on
National Highway No.48 connecting
Delhi
Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Straddling the Yamuna river, primarily its western or right bank, Delhi shares borders ...
and
Mumbai
Mumbai (, ; also known as Bombay — List of renamed Indian cities and states#Maharashtra, the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian States and union territories of India, state of Maharashtra and the ''de facto'' fin ...
.
National Highway 52 links Jaipur with
Kota and
National Highway 21 links Jaipur with
Agra
Agra (, ) is a city on the banks of the Yamuna river in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, about south-east of the national capital New Delhi and 330 km west of the state capital Lucknow. With a population of roughly 1.6 million, Agra i ...
.
RSRTC
Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation (RSRTC) is a public transport company which provides bus services in the Indian state Rajasthan. It is headquartered in Jaipur, Rajasthan. The corporation was established by Government of Rajasthan on 1 ...
operates bus service to major cities in
Rajasthan
Rajasthan (; lit. 'Land of Kings') is a state in northern India. It covers or 10.4 per cent of India's total geographical area. It is the largest Indian state by area and the seventh largest by population. It is on India's northwestern s ...
,
New Delhi
New Delhi (, , ''Naī Dillī'') is the capital of India and a part of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT). New Delhi is the seat of all three branches of the government of India, hosting the Rashtrapati Bhavan, Parliament Ho ...
,
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh (; , 'Northern Province') is a state in northern India. With over 200 million inhabitants, it is the most populated state in India as well as the most populous country subdivision in the world. It was established in 1950 ...
,
Haryana
Haryana (; ) is an Indian state located in the northern part of the country. It was carved out of the former state of East Punjab on 1 Nov 1966 on a linguistic basis. It is ranked 21st in terms of area, with less than 1.4% () of India's land a ...
,
Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh (, ; meaning 'central province') is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal, and the largest city is Indore, with Jabalpur, Ujjain, Gwalior, Sagar, and Rewa being the other major cities. Madhya Pradesh is the seco ...
,
Maharashtra,
Punjab
Punjab (; Punjabi: پنجاب ; ਪੰਜਾਬ ; ; also romanised as ''Panjāb'' or ''Panj-Āb'') is a geopolitical, cultural, and historical region in South Asia, specifically in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising a ...
and
Gujarat
Gujarat (, ) is a state along the western coast of India. Its coastline of about is the longest in the country, most of which lies on the Kathiawar peninsula. Gujarat is the fifth-largest Indian state by area, covering some ; and the ninth ...
. City buses are operated by
Jaipur City Transport Services Limited (JCTSL)
of
RSRTC
Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation (RSRTC) is a public transport company which provides bus services in the Indian state Rajasthan. It is headquartered in Jaipur, Rajasthan. The corporation was established by Government of Rajasthan on 1 ...
. The service operates more than 400 regular and low-floor buses. Major bus depots are located at
Vaishali Nagar, Vidyadhar Nagar and
Sanganer
Sanganer is a town/ Tehsil (an administrative division) situated in Jaipur district, Rajasthan, 16 km south of state capital Jaipur. Jaipur has been divided in 13 Sub divisions and Sanganer is one of these 13 Sub divisions. It is famous for ...
.
Jaipur BRTS was approved by the government in August 2006. Jaipur BRTS is managed by JCSTL, a special purpose vehicle formed by Jaipur Development Authority and Jaipur Nagar Nigam. In Phase I, two corridors have been proposed: a "North-South Corridor" from Sikar Road to Tonk Road and an "East-West Corridor" from Ajmer Road to Delhi Road. A section of the North-South Corridor from bypass near Harmada to Pani Pech became operational in 2010.
Jaipur Ring Road is a project of
Jaipur Development Authority
Jaipur Development Authority (JDA) is the agency of the Government of Rajasthan responsible for preparation and implementation of master plan for the Jaipur city in Rajasthan state in India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi ...
to reduce increasing traffic of Jaipur city which connects NH-21 (Agra Road), NH-48 (Ajmer Road), NH-52 (Tonk Road), and NH-52 (Malpura Road) having a length of 150 km. The 57 km out of 150 km long six-lane
Jaipur Ring Road has been completed at a cost of Rs. 1217 crore which was inaugurated by
Sushma Swaraj
Sushma Swaraj () (''née'' Sharma; 14 February 1952 – 6 August 2019) was an Indian lawyer, politician, and diplomat who served as the Minister of External Affairs of India in the first Narendra Modi government from 2014 to 2019. She is only ...
,
Arun Jaitley
Arun Jaitley (28 December 1952 – 24 August 2019) was an Indian politician and attorney. A member of the Bharatiya Janata Party, Jaitley served as the Minister of Finance and Corporate Affairs of the Government of India from 2014 to 2019. Jai ...
and
Nitin Gadkari
Nitin Jairam Gadkari (; born 27 May 1957) is an Indian politician from Maharashtra who is the current Minister for Road Transport & Highways in the Government of India. He is also the longest serving Minister for Road Transport & Highways cu ...
.
Bhawani Singh Road, named after the last Maharaja of Jaipur which begins from Nehru Sahkar Bhawan and ends at the intersection where
Birla Mandir is situated is one of the most popular roads in the city with notable places like
Rambagh Palace
The Rambagh Palace in Jaipur, Rajasthan is the former residence of the Maharaja of Jaipur located outside the walls of the city of Jaipur on Bhawani Singh road.
History
The first building on the site was a garden house built in 1835 for the w ...
, Golf Club and
Jaipur Development Authority
Jaipur Development Authority (JDA) is the agency of the Government of Rajasthan responsible for preparation and implementation of master plan for the Jaipur city in Rajasthan state in India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi ...
Office falling on its path. A similarly named road; Bhawani Singh Lane, serves as a place where the prominent people of Jaipur reside. The road also serves as a passage for the offices of companies like
ETV Rajasthan
ETV Network is a network of Telugu language news and entertainment satellite television channels in India. It is based in Hyderabad. It also had some non Telugu language satellite television channels. All non-Telugu language satellite televisi ...
, Redington India Limited, Hal Clyde Denison, and Rajasthan Tourism Bureau.
Rail
![Jaipur railway station](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Jaipur_railway_station.JPG)
Jaipur is the headquarters of
North Western Railway Zone
The North Western Railway (abbreviated NWR) is one of the 19 railway zones in India. It is headquartered at Jaipur,Rajasthan with 59,075+ employees, 658+ stations and a route length of more than 5761 km across at least some parts of four ...
of Indian Railways.
Metro
Jaipur Metro
The Jaipur Metro(Hindi: जयपुर मेट्रो) is a rapid transit system in the city of Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. Construction on the mostly elevated part of the first line, called Phase 1A, comprising of route from Mansarovar ...
commenced commercial operation on 3 June 2015. Phase-1A is operational between Mansarovar and Chandpole consisting of nine stations namely Mansarovar, New Aatish Market, Vivek Vihar, Shyam Nagar, Ram Nagar, Civil Line, Railway Station, Sindhi Camp and Chandpole. The Phase-1B was constructed with an estimated cost of 97.32 billion ($1.74 billion). It became operational on 23 September 2020.
Airport
Jaipur International Airport
Jaipur International Airport is an international airport serving Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan. Jaipur International Airport has been declared as the 'World's Best Airport' in the category of 2 to 5 million passengers per annum for 2015 & 2 ...
is in
Sanganer
Sanganer is a town/ Tehsil (an administrative division) situated in Jaipur district, Rajasthan, 16 km south of state capital Jaipur. Jaipur has been divided in 13 Sub divisions and Sanganer is one of these 13 Sub divisions. It is famous for ...
, from the centre. The airport handled 363,899 international and 2,540,451 domestic passengers in 2015–2016.
Jaipur Airport also provides air cargo services. During winter, sometimes flights towards
Indira Gandhi International Airport
Indira Gandhi International Airport is the primary international airport serving Delhi, the capital of India, and the National Capital Region (NCR). The airport, spread over an area of , is situated in Palam, Delhi, southwest of the New ...
are diverted to Jaipur Airport due to heavy fog in
Delhi
Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Straddling the Yamuna river, primarily its western or right bank, Delhi shares borders ...
.
Education
![Prabha Bhava - Main Building](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Prabha_Bhava_-_Main_Building.jpg)
Public and private schools in Jaipur are governed by the
Central Board of Secondary Education
The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) is a national level board of education in India for public and private schools, controlled and managed by the Government of India. Established in 1929 by a resolution of the government, the Board ...
or
Board of Secondary Education, Rajasthan, International Board of education and follow a "10+2" plan. This plan entails eight years of primary education and four years of secondary education. The secondary school includes two years of upper secondary education, which is more specific and diverse than the two years of lower secondary education before it. Languages of instruction include English and
Hindi
Hindi ( Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been ...
.
Notable institutions in the city are:
University of Rajasthan
University of Rajasthan is a public and state university in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India and is one of the oldest universities in the state. It was set up on 8 January 1947 as the University of Rajputana
Rājputana, meaning "Land of the ...
,
Rajasthan University of Health Sciences
Rajasthan University of Health Sciences is a State university located in Pink City Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. It was established on 25 February 2005 under ''The Rajasthan University of Health Sciences (Act of Rajasthan Vidhan Sabha), 2005 (Act ...
,
Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Law University,
Rajasthan Sanskrit University,
Haridev Joshi University of Journalism and Mass Communication,
Suresh Gyan Vihar University,
Malaviya National Institute of Technology
Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur (MNIT or NIT Jaipur) is a Public university, public technical university located in Jaipur, India with, an emphasis on science, engineering and management.
Formerly known as Malaviya Regional ...
,
LNM Institute of Information Technology, University of Technology,
National Institute of Ayurveda,
Sawai Man Singh Medical College and
Subodh College among others. There are several digital marketing institutes in Jaipur As EIIM, Digilearning, Quibus training to name a few.
Admission to Engineering colleges in Jaipur, many of which are affiliated to
Rajasthan Technical University
Rajasthan Technical University (RTU) is an affiliating university in Kota in the state of Rajasthan, India. It was established in 2006 by the Government of Rajasthan to enhance technical education in the state. It has many affiliated college ...
(Kota), is through Rajasthan Engineering Admission Process.
Sports
![Sawai-Mansingh-Stadium-Jaipur](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Sawai-Mansingh-Stadium-Jaipur.jpg)
The main cricket stadium in the city,
Sawai Mansingh Stadium
The Sawai Mansingh Stadium is a cricket stadium in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. It was named after Sawai Man Singh II, the former Maharaja of the state of Jaipur. It is situated at one corner of the PKMB. The stadium seats 30,000. As of July 2013 ...
, has a
seating capacity
Seating capacity is the number of people who can be seated in a specific space, in terms of both the physical space available, and limitations set by law. Seating capacity can be used in the description of anything ranging from an automobile that ...
of 30,000 and has hosted national and international cricket matches. It is also the home ground of
IPL
The Indian Premier League (IPL), also known as TATA IPL for sponsorship reasons, is a men's T20 franchise cricket league of India. It is annually contested by ten teams based out of seven Indian cities and three Indian states. The leagu ...
team
Rajasthan Royals
Rajasthan Royals (often abbreviated as RR) are a franchise cricket team based in Jaipur, Rajasthan, that plays in the Indian Premier League (IPL). Founded in 2008 as one of the initial eight IPL franchises, the team is based at the Sawai Ma ...
.
Sawai Mansingh Indoor Stadium
Sawai Mansingh Indoor Stadium is an indoor stadium located in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. Facilities includes air conditioning, player change rooms and lounge, with control and medical rooms, media centre, state-of-the-art-acoustics and parking fa ...
,
Chaugan Stadium and
Railway Cricket Ground are the other sporting arenas in the city.
A new stadium has been proposed for Chonp Village with a
seating capacity
Seating capacity is the number of people who can be seated in a specific space, in terms of both the physical space available, and limitations set by law. Seating capacity can be used in the description of anything ranging from an automobile that ...
75,000. It would be the third-largest cricket stadium in the world after the
Sardar Patel Stadium
The Narendra Modi Stadium (Gujarati: નરેન્દ્ર મોદી સ્ટેડિયમ; Hindi: नरेन्द्र मोदी स्टेडियम), formerly known as Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Stadium is a cricket stadi ...
and the
Melbourne Cricket Ground.
The city is represented in the
IPL
The Indian Premier League (IPL), also known as TATA IPL for sponsorship reasons, is a men's T20 franchise cricket league of India. It is annually contested by ten teams based out of seven Indian cities and three Indian states. The leagu ...
by
Rajasthan Royals
Rajasthan Royals (often abbreviated as RR) are a franchise cricket team based in Jaipur, Rajasthan, that plays in the Indian Premier League (IPL). Founded in 2008 as one of the initial eight IPL franchises, the team is based at the Sawai Ma ...
(2008–2016; 2018–present) and in
Pro Kabaddi League by
Jaipur Pink Panthers
Jaipur Pink Panthers (JPP) is a professional kabaddi team which belongs to Pink City of India Jaipur, competes in Pro Kabaddi League which is a professional Kabaddi league in India. The team is currently led by Sunil Kumar Malik and coached by ...
.
A new cricket stadium located 27 km from Jaipur is under construction. In July 2021, Chief Minister
Ashok Gehlot
Ashok Gehlot (born 3 May 1951) politician serving as the current Chief Minister of Rajasthan. He held this position from December 1998 to 2003, and from 2008 to 2013, and again from 17 December 2018. He represents Sardarpura constituency of Jo ...
said that the stadium will have a total seating capacity of 75000 and will be constructed in two phases, of which the seating accommodation of 45,000 people will be completed in the first phase and expansion for another 30,000 will be done in the second phase.
In popular culture
Paul McCartney
Sir James Paul McCartney (born 18 June 1942) is an English singer, songwriter and musician who gained worldwide fame with the Beatles, for whom he played bass guitar and shared primary songwriting and lead vocal duties with John Lennon. One ...
wrote and recorded the Jaipur tribute song "Riding into Jaipur" (4:08) whose minimalist lyrics say: « riding to Jaipur, riding through the night, riding with my baby, oh what a delight, oh what a delight, it is. » The song was released on his 2001 studio album ''
Driving Rain''.
Jaipur is the setting for the film ''
The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel
''The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel'' is a 2011 British comedy-drama film directed by John Madden. The screenplay, written by Ol Parker, is based on the 2004 novel ''These Foolish Things'' by novelist Deborah Moggach, and features an ensemble ...
'' and its sequel, ''
The Second Best Exotic Marigold Hotel'', which follow the adventures of a group of senior European ex-pats who retire to Jaipur and in the process discover their true selves.
Notable people
*
Gayatri Devi
Gayatri Devi (born as Princess Gayatri Devi of Cooch Behar; 23 May 1919 − 29 July 2009) was the third Maharani consort of Jaipur from 1940 to 1949 through her marriage to Maharaja Sawai Man Singh II. Following her husband's signature for th ...
( 23 May 1919 – 29 July 2009), Maharani of Jaipur
*
Anshu Jain (1963–2022), banker
*
Hasrat Jaipuri (1922–1999),
-
Hindi
Hindi ( Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been ...
poet and
Bollywood
Hindi cinema, popularly known as Bollywood and formerly as Bombay cinema, refers to the film industry based in Mumbai, engaged in production of motion pictures in Hindi language. The popular term Bollywood, is a portmanteau of "Bombay" (fo ...
lyricist
*
Syed Akbar Jaipuri
Syed Muhammad Akbar Jaipuri Al-Hussaini (23 October 1928 – 4 March 1998) was a Kashmiri Urdu poet and visionary. He was also known as Mujahid-e-Urdu and Mir Taqi Mir Sani.
Pen name
His original ''Takhallus'' (pen-name
A pen name, also ca ...
(1928–1998), Urdu poet from Jaipur
*
Mungtu Ram Jaipuria
Mungtu Ram Jaipuria was an Indian social worker, industrialist and educationist and the founder of Seth M.R. Jaipuria Schools. The Government of India awarded him Padma Bhushan, the third highest Indian civilian award, in 1971.
Family
He was ...
, Indian industrialist and educationist, son of Anandaram Jaipuria and the founder of
Seth Anandram Jaipuria College
Seth Anandram Jaipuria College is a public college, affiliated to the University of Calcutta. It was inaugurated by Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru in 1945 at 10, Raja Nabakrishna Street in North Kolkata. It runs three shifts: Morning, Day, and Evening. ...
and
Seth M.R. Jaipuria Schools including
Seth Anandram Jaipuria School Lucknow
Seth Anandram Jaipuria School, Lucknow (often called Jaipuria School, Lucknow) is a co-educational day and boarding private school from the Nursery to XII grades, located in the Sushant, Golf City, Lucknow. The school is affiliated to the C ...
*
Rajaram Jaipuria (1934–2015), Indian industrialist and educationist, son of Mungtu Ram Jaipuria
*
Ravi Jaipuria, Indian businessman
*
Ajay Data, Indian entrepreneur
*
Sitaram Jaipuria (1926–1985), Indian politician
*
Habib Miyan, claimed to be the oldest man in the world
*
Man Singh II (21 August 1912 – 24 June 1970)
*
Smita Bansal
Smita Bansal (born 21 February 1977) is an Indian television and Bollywood film actress. Her notable roles include the Zee TV's '' Amanat'', '' Aashirwad,'' ''Sarhadein'' and Sony SAB's ''Aladdin – Naam Toh Suna Hoga''. She has also acted in ...
, Indian Actress
*
Asrani
Govardhan Asrani (born 1 January 1940), popularly known simply as Asrani, is an Indian actor and director whose Bollywood career has spanned five decades. He has acted in over 350 Hindi films. Asrani has played the lead roles, character roles ...
, Indian Actor
*
Daulat Mal Bhandari
Daulat Mal Bhandari (16 December 1907 – 10 January 2004) was Chief Justice of Rajasthan High Court in India, a member of the first Lok Sabha and a freedom fighter.
Bhandari took active part in the freedom struggle. In 1942 he formed the " ...
*
Vikrant Bhargava
*
Ila Arun
Ila Arun is an Indian actress, TV personality and Rajasthani folk and folk-pop singer. She has appeared in many prominent Bollywood movies such as ''Lamhe'', ''Jodhaa Akbar'', ''Shaadi Ke Side Effects'' and ''Begum Jaan''.
Personal life
Arun ...
*
Vishwa Mohan Bhatt
Vishwa Mohan Bhatt, professionally known as V. M. Bhatt (born 27 July 1950), is an Hindustani classical music instrumentalist who plays the Mohan veena ( slide guitar).
Personal life
Bhatt lives in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, with his wife and ...
*
Sunil Vaswani
Sunil Vaswani (born 11 July 1963) is an Indian-born Nigerian billionaire businessman, and the chairman of the Stallion Group; a Dubai-headquartered company with diversified interests in cars, commodities, food, steel manufacturing, plastics, p ...
*
Apurvi Chandela
*
Jesse Randhawa
Jesse Randhawa (born 11 August 1975) is an Indian model and actress. She was a contestant on ''Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi , Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi 2'' where she emerged as the 1st runner-up.
Early life
Jasmeet Kaur Randhawa, a.k ...
*
Ashish Sharma
Ashish Sharma is an Indian film and television actor. He is recognized for his role of Prithvi Vallabh in '' Prithvi Vallabh - Itihaas Bhi, Rahasya Bhi,'' Rama in ''Siya Ke Ram,'' Major Rudra Pratap Ranawat in ''Rangrasiya'', Ranveer Singh/F ...
*
Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf
See also
*
Gram Bharati Samiti
Gram Bharati Samiti (GBS) or Society for Rural Development is an Indian non-governmental organisation working in the Jaipur district of Rajasthan with the aim of "establishing a society based on humanitarian, democratic values and ecologically bal ...
*
Jaipuria Vidyalaya
Tehsils of Jaipur:
*
Chomu
Chomu (Sanskrit meaning four, meaning mouth or way) is a town and municipality, near the city of Jaipur in Jaipur district in the state of Rajasthan, India.
Near cities Jaipur
Chomu is located nearly 35 km away from Jaipur city. Ree ...
*
Shahpura
*
Sanganer
Sanganer is a town/ Tehsil (an administrative division) situated in Jaipur district, Rajasthan, 16 km south of state capital Jaipur. Jaipur has been divided in 13 Sub divisions and Sanganer is one of these 13 Sub divisions. It is famous for ...
*
Phulera
References
Further reading
* Bhatt, Kavi Shiromani; Shastry, Mathuranath (1948). ''Jaipur Vaibhawam'' (History of Jaipur written in Sanskrit). Re-published in 2002 by Kalanath Shastry, Manjunath Smriti Sansthan, Jaipur.
* Khangarot, R.S., Nathawat, P.S. (1990) ''Jaigarh- The Invincible Fort of Amer''. RBSA Publishers, Jaipur.
* Sachdev, Vibhuti;
Tillotson, Giles Henry Rupert (2002).
Building Jaipur: The Making of an Indian City'' Reaktion Books, London. .
* Sarkar, Jadunath (1984).
A History of Jaipur'. Orient Longman Limited, New Delhi. .
* Volwahsen, Andreas (2001). ''Cosmic Architecture in India: The Astronomical Monuments of Maharaja Jai Singh II,'' Prestel Mapin,
Munich
Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the third-largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Ha ...
.
External links
*
{{Authority control
Metropolitan cities in India
Cities and towns in Jaipur district
Indian capital cities
Smart cities in India
Populated places established in 1727
1727 establishments in India
Former capital cities in India
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