Ingolstadt Hauptbahnhof is a railway station in the
Bavaria
Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total lan ...
n city of
Ingolstadt
Ingolstadt (, Austro-Bavarian: ) is an independent city on the Danube in Upper Bavaria with 139,553 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2022). Around half a million people live in the metropolitan area. Ingolstadt is the second largest city in Upper Ba ...
, situated in southern
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
. Ingolstadt station is an important junction in the
Deutsche Bahn network. It has 7 platform tracks and is classified by
Deutsche Bahn as a
category 2 station.
[
]
History
The increasing economic and population growth of Ingolstadt in the second half of the 19th century increased the need for the rapid transport of goods and people. Steamboats on the Danube
The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , p ...
proved difficult because of the low water level and currents.
On 4 February 1862, the council of the city of Ingolstadt was presented for the first time with a proposal to construct a rail link from Ingolstadt via Solnhofen
Solnhofen is a municipality in the district of Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen in the region of Middle Franconia in the ' of Bavaria in Germany. It is in the Altmühl valley.
The local area is famous in geology and palaeontology for Solnhofen limest ...
to Pleinfeld
Pleinfeld is a Franconian municipality and market town in the Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen district, in the German state of Bavaria. It is situated in the Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg and in the Franconian Lake District. Pleinfeld is a nationally ...
and later via Eichstätt
Eichstätt () is a town in the federal state of Bavaria, Germany, and capital of the district of Eichstätt. It is located on the Altmühl river and has a population of around 13,000. Eichstätt is also the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese ...
to Nuremberg
Nuremberg ( ; german: link=no, Nürnberg ; in the local East Franconian dialect: ''Nämberch'' ) is the second-largest city of the German state of Bavaria after its capital Munich, and its 518,370 (2019) inhabitants make it the 14th-largest ...
. Although the line from Munich to Ingolstadt was approved by the Kingdom of Bavaria
The Kingdom of Bavaria (german: Königreich Bayern; ; spelled ''Baiern'' until 1825) was a German state that succeeded the former Electorate of Bavaria in 1805 and continued to exist until 1918. With the unification of Germany into the German ...
in October 1863, construction was slow at first. Therefore, the Ingolstadt council sent a deputation to the king in 1865 "for the promotion of the construction of the Munich–Ingolstadt railway".
The Munich–Ingolstadt railway, the first line to Ingolstadt, was opened on 14 November 1867. Discussions about the location of a future station had begun in 1860 as the city was a state fortress and played an important military role. A commission comprising representatives of the military and the board of the State Railway
State may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Literature
* ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State
* ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States
* ''Our S ...
decided to build a local station near the fortress (the present Ingolstadt Nord station) and the main station at Oberstimm, far to the south of the city and the present location. A temporary local station was established called ''Ingolstadt Provisorium'' ("provisional Ingolstadt") about 300 m to the north of the present station. It had an entrance building consisting only of a wooden crate.
In 1872, after the extension of the line to Treuchtlingen and the construction of the Ingolstadt–Neuoffingen railway
The Ingolstadt–Neuoffingen railway is a single-track, electrified mainline railway in Bavaria, Germany. It runs in the Danube valley from Ingolstadt via Neuburg an der Donau, Donauwörth and Dillingen an der Donau to Neuoffingen, where it joins t ...
to Donauwörth
Donauwörth () is a town and the capital of the Donau-Ries district in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany. It is said to have been founded by two fishermen where the rivers Danube (Donau) and Wörnitz meet. The city is part of the scenic route called "Roman ...
, construction started on the Hauptbahnhof at its current location to a design by the architect Jakob Graff. This was opened on 1 June 1874, along with the continuation of the Regensburg–Ingolstadt railway to Regensburg.
Next to the platform tracks, five through tracks were provided for marshalling and loading. A 400-metre long loading ramp at the south end of the station was also established for military trains. At each end of the station, broad level crossings were built in order to allow large contingents of troops to cross the tracks.
The initial network of lines from Ingolstadt station was completed with the opening of the Ingolstadt–Augsburg railway from Augsburg
Augsburg (; bar , Augschburg , links=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swabian_German , label=Swabian German, , ) is a city in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany, around west of Bavarian capital Munich. It is a university town and regional seat of the ...
in 1874. However, there are also lines that have not been completed to the present day despite plans at that time. These include the Ingolstadt– Beilngries–Berching
Berching ( bar, Bacham) is a town in the district of Neumarkt in Bavaria, Germany.
Berching is a historical town with a fully preserved town wall and low streamlet. The first settlement was registered in 883, so it is more than 1100 years old. ...
– Altdorf–Hersbruck
Hersbruck () is a small town in Middle Franconia, Bavaria, Germany, belonging to the district Nürnberger Land. It is best known for the late-gothic artwork of the Hersbruck altar, the "Hirtenmuseum" and the landscape of Hersbruck Switzerland.
...
line, which was planned in the early 1870s and a line to Landshut.[
Land was even acquired for the Ingolstadt– Geisenfeld branch line, but rather than a large rail network in the ]Hallertau
The Hallertau or Holledau is an area in Bavaria, Germany. With an area of 178 km², it is listed as the largest continuous hop-planting area in the world.Bentley, James; Catling, Christopher; & Locke, Tim (1994). ''Munich and Bavaria''. Chicago: ...
, work only started, on 1 August 1893, on the construction of the short Wolnzach–Gosseltshausen–Wolnzach/Markt–Gebrontshausen–Berg–Au (now Enzelhausen)– Mainburg line, connecting "the heart of Holledau" to the rail network. The result was a line known as the Holledauer Bockerl (''Holledau'' is an alternative form of ''Hallertau'' and ''Bockerl'' is a Bavarian term for a steam-hauled branch line). The idea of a direct rail connection between the refinery and industrial centre of Ingolstadt and the chemical triangle around Burghausen in eastern Bavaria was raised again on 28 October 1985 at the Bundestag
The Bundestag (, "Federal Diet") is the German federal parliament. It is the only federal representative body that is directly elected by the German people. It is comparable to the United States House of Representatives or the House of Common ...
Committee on Transport. However, this largely took the view that the existing rail capacity on the routes between Ingolstadt and Burghausen via Landshut or Munich was sufficient.
As a railway junction, especially in a city with a traditionally great military importance, Ingolstadt station was a strategic target for Allied air raids during the Second World War. In particular, the attack of 23 April 1945 heavily damaged the station and the entrance building.
The current station building is the second. After the Second World War, it took ten years to rebuild the station. On 25 November 1957, a new entrance building was put into operation and the platforms were covered two years later. From 1990 to 1995, the western Danube Valley Railway linking Ingolstadt Hauptbahnhof and Weichering
Weichering is a municipality in the district of Neuburg-Schrobenhausen in Bavaria in Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe aft ...
were completely realigned. The Danube Valley Railway, which previously left the station to the north and passed along a loop through the city, now branches off to the south of the station to reach Weichering.
From Intercity station to ICE station
With its establishment of the Intercity
InterCity (commonly abbreviated ''IC'' on timetables and tickets) is the classification applied to certain long-distance passenger train services in Europe. Such trains (in contrast to regional, local, or commuter trains) generally call at m ...
network on 26 September 1971, Ingolstadt Hauptbahnhof became part of the IC network. Nevertheless, long-distance services in the winter timetable 1971/72 were still quite limited in Ingolstadt, since initially, only one Intercity train pair operated to Ingolstadt, the IC 123 (''Nymphenburg'') and the IC 126 (''Herrenhausen''). In the following years, however, IC services at Ingolstadt station increased. So in the winter 1991/92 timetable, there were services between Ingolstadt and Munich and between Ingolstadt and Frankfurt
Frankfurt, officially Frankfurt am Main (; Hessian: , " Frank ford on the Main"), is the most populous city in the German state of Hesse. Its 791,000 inhabitants as of 2022 make it the fifth-most populous city in Germany. Located on it ...
and the Ruhr every two hours.
In the early 1990s, Ingolstadt Hbf was also an InterRegio (IR) stop, as the then Deutsche Bundesbahn
The Deutsche Bundesbahn or DB (German Federal Railway) was formed as the state railway of the newly established Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) on 7 September 1949 as a successor of the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft (DRG). The DB remaine ...
gradually replaced the aging long distance express trains ( D-Züge) with this new train type. With the beginning of the summer 1995 timetable (from 28 May 1995), Intercity-Express
The Intercity Express (commonly known as ICE ()) is a system of high-speed trains predominantly running in Germany. It also serves some destinations in Austria, Denmark (ceased in 2017 but planned to resume in 2022), France, Belgium, Switzerl ...
trains (on the Dortmund–Munich route) stopped at Ingolstadt for the first time in regular service. The first service to stop in Ingolstadt was ICE 821 (''Main-Kurier'') on its way from Frankfurt to Munich on 29 May 1995. The trip from Ingolstadt to Munich then cost 32 Deutsche mark
The Deutsche Mark (; English: ''German mark''), abbreviated "DM" or "D-Mark" (), was the official currency of West Germany from 1948 until 1990 and later the unified Germany from 1990 until the adoption of the euro in 2002. In English, it was ...
s.
On 15 December 2002, IR line 21 (Würzburg
Würzburg (; Main-Franconian: ) is a city in the region of Franconia in the north of the German state of Bavaria. Würzburg is the administrative seat of the ''Regierungsbezirk'' Lower Franconia. It spans the banks of the Main River.
Würzburg ...
–Ansbach
Ansbach (; ; East Franconian: ''Anschba'') is a city in the German state of Bavaria. It is the capital of the administrative region of Middle Franconia. Ansbach is southwest of Nuremberg and north of Munich, on the river Fränkische Rezat, ...
–Ingolstadt–Munich) was discontinued and replaced by IC line 66 (Frankfurt–Munich). At the small timetable change on 12 June 2005, five ICE train pairs from Ingolstadt to Munich was extended to Nuremberg and the Ruhr. At the same time, the Nuremberg–Munich IC line was abolished.
The director general of the Royal Bavarian transport institute Ludwig Joseph von Brück had called for a direct rail connection between Munich and Nuremberg via Ingolstadt as early as 1863; this idea was taken up again by Deutsche Bundesbahn in the early 1980s. The model of the Cologne–Frankfurt high-speed railway was applied to the new Bavarian high speed line, ultimately leading to the modern concept of a line along the A9 Autobahn
is an autobahn in Germany, connecting Berlin and Munich via Leipzig and Nuremberg. It is the fifth longest autobahn spanning .
Route
The northern terminus of the A 9 is at the Potsdam interchange, where it merges into the A 10, ...
.
On 15 July 1994, a large ground-breaking ceremony was held in the Nuremberg district of Fischbach for the beginning of construction of the 89 km long new line between Nuremberg and Ingolstadt, which was designed for speeds of up to 300 km/h. The Ingolstadt–Munich line south of Petershausen
Petershausen is a municipality in the district of Dachau in Bavaria in Germany.
Geography
Petershausen is located in the valley of the Glonn with extensive floodplains. Much of the area outside of Petershausen is part of a nature preserve.
Hist ...
station was upgraded for a top speed of 200 km/hour from 2002 to 2006.
In the course of this construction, the node at Ingolstadt was remodelled with the redesign of the North Ingolstadt station and the upgrade of the existing two track railway between the North and Hauptbahnhof stations with a third track. Work began in May 2010, on the final section of the upgrade of the line, called ''Endausbau Nord'' (“upgrade north”), between Ingolstadt and Peterhausen, which is to be completed in 2014.
When the Nuremberg–Ingolstadt–Munich high-speed line was fully integrated into the ICE network on 10 December 2006, Ingolstadt received hourly direct services to Berlin and to Hamburg. Since then Ingolstadt Hbf has been served with almost hourly ICE trains. Intercity trains between Munich and Nuremberg now run regularly only via Augsburg
Augsburg (; bar , Augschburg , links=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swabian_German , label=Swabian German, , ) is a city in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany, around west of Bavarian capital Munich. It is a university town and regional seat of the ...
.
Accident of 2 March 1972
On 2 March 1972, a through freight train (Dg 6563) ran through Ingolstadt Hbf at about 60 km/h and collided with a loaded tanker train (Üg 18263). This stood at the entrance of the station and had no rear lighting. Due to an axle counter fault on the signaling block, the dispatcher had to manually intervene and mistakenly directed the through freight train on to the track occupied by Üg 18263. As a result of the collision, the 20 wagons of the tanker train exploded in fire. The drivers of the colliding train and two residents of a nearby signalman's house were killed. The dispatcher who had caused the accident committed suicide a few hours after the accident. Due to the complicated salvage, the adjacent neighbourhood had to be evacuated.
Modernisation and barrier-free reconstruction
On 11 April 2008, representatives of the state of Bavaria and Deutsche Bahn signed an agreement for the redevelopment of the station. The construction of the station would begin in September 2008 and be completed by the end of 2010, with works on the station building be completed in 2012. The federal and state governments and Deutsche Bahn intended to invest around €15 million. Among other things, a new platform underpass with escalators and lifts would be built. The platform height would be adjusted to the height of the trains and the platform canopies would be completely replaced. After the modernisation of the station approximately 30,000 travellers are expected to use it daily (2008: 23,000).
In November 2009, it was also announced that Deutsche Bahn had sold a 2,300 square metre site to the north of the station building to an investor for the Steigenberger Hotels group who intended to build an InterCity Hotel there. Deutsche Bahn intended to finance the reconstruction of the station from the proceeds from the sale of the land.
The construction work was aborted in October 2010 and it was announced in December 2010 that its continuation would go to Europe-wide tender. Work would start again on 1 June 2011 and be completed by the end of December 2012.[ ] It was later announced[ ] that the completion date had been postponed to 29 March 2013.
Then on 9 June 2011, Deutsche Bahn announced in a press release that a new construction company would take up the work on the station on 4 July 2011. Shortly afterward work began on the installation of temporary bridges for the creation of the new underpass, which was commissioned on 31 August 2012. The next stage of construction was the partial demolition and backfilling of the old platform underpass. In addition, in mid-August excavation began for the new Intercity Hotel. The hotel opened on 1 March 2014.
Services
Due to the central location of Ingolstadt in the centre of in Bavaria, the station is an important hub in Deutsche Bahn's network. Four lines meet and cross here from all directions. This results in the following train services:
Long-distance
Regional
Ingolstadt Hbf is a node for the regular interval timetable, with Regionalbahn (RB) services from Augsburg, Regensburg and Ulm/Donauwörth meeting there on the hour and trains of the München-Nürnberg-Express
The München-Nürnberg-Express (literally: ''Munich-Nuremberg Express'') is a RegionalExpress train service in the southern German state of Bavaria, connecting the two main cities of the state, Munich and Nuremberg. With its maximum speed of 20 ...
meeting there every two hours, thus provide timely interchanges in all directions. Also at the top of the hour, services on the overlapping Intercity-Express
The Intercity Express (commonly known as ICE ()) is a system of high-speed trains predominantly running in Germany. It also serves some destinations in Austria, Denmark (ceased in 2017 but planned to resume in 2022), France, Belgium, Switzerl ...
(ICE) lines 25 and 28 on the Munich-Nuremberg line stop hourly, so these also provide direct connections to regional services. The Munich–Ingolstadt–Treuchtlingen–Nuremberg Regional-Express
In Germany, Luxembourg and Austria, the Regional-Express (RE, or in Austria: REX) is a type of regional train. It is similar to a semi-fast train, with average speed at about 70–90 km/h (top speed often 160 km/h) as it calls at ...
, which runs every two hours, overlaps with the Munich–Ingolstadt–Treuchtlingen RB service, which also runs every two hours, jointly providing an hourly service. The services of these lines meet on the half hour when they are overtaken by the ICE trains running on line 41, which do not stop in Ingolstadt. In the peak hour many extra services run that do not have synchronised meetings in Ingolstadt, mostly on the Munich–Ingolstadt–Eichstätt route, which has strong commuting traffic. Ingolstadt station is used each day by an average of 15,000 passengers.
Connections to the bus network
In front of the station there is a modern bus station. Its roof construction was awarded the BDA (''Bund Deutscher Architekten'', Federation of German Architects) prize in the "urban space" category in 2006. Here transfers can be made to bus routes 10, 11, 16, 17, 18, 31, 44, X11, 9221, 9226, N12, N14 and S6 of the INVG (''Ingolstädter Verkehrsgesellschaft mbH'', Ingolstädt municipal transport company) towards the city centre and the city's suburbs. On average, about 4,000 passengers use INVG buses each day to the station. It also runs line 6008 RBO to Regensburg. A taxi stand is also integrated into the bus station.
Infrastructure
Entrance building
The entrance building stands on the western side of the tracks. The DB travel centre is open from 06:00 to 19:00 from Monday to Friday, from 07:30 to 18:00 on Saturday and from 09:00 to 18:30 on Sunday. Outside of these hours vending machines are available.
There is also some rooms in the station building for Deutsche Bahn, including the office for the management of the station. There is also offices of the Federal Police
A law enforcement agency (LEA) is any government agency responsible for the enforcement of the laws.
Jurisdiction
LEAs which have their ability to apply their powers restricted in some way are said to operate within a jurisdiction.
LEAs ...
as well as an office of the Bahnhofsmission charity, which provides travellers and the homeless with assistance. For the needs of travellers, there is a bakery, a small supermarket, a bookstore and a florist. There is also a restaurant in the station with a beer garden and a ''Bierstüberl'' (“beer parlour").
Parking station and shopping mall
Adjacent to the southern end of the station building is an eight-storey parking station that can accommodate about 800 cars and 300 bicycles. On the ground floor of the parking garage there are a Sixt
Sixt SE is an international mobility service provider with about 2,000 locations in more than 100 countries. Sixt SE acts as a parent and holding company of the Sixt Group, which is internationally active in the business areas of vehicle rental, ...
car rental business, a key-cutting business, cleaning business, an insurance office, a city of Ingolstadt tourist information office and toilets.
Southwest of the station building there is another parking garage that has space for 300 cars.
Platforms and railway tracks
Ingolstadt Hauptbahnhof has four platforms with seven tracks that have a platform height of 76 cm with the exception of track 1 (38 cm). Track 1 is the “house” platform with a length of 330 m. Track 2/3 are located on an island platform with a length of 410 m and track 4/5 are on an island platform with a length of 428 m. Long-distance trains stop only on tracks 3 and 4, since these are the main through tracks. Tracks 6 and 7 are located on a 193 m-long island platform, which is used exclusively by local services. On platform 2/3 is the "Service Team", which is responsible for providing services to passengers on the platforms. Access to the platforms is via an underpass. Due to the lack of lifts, physically disabled people still have to use a ground-level crossing at the northern end of the platforms, which can only be used with the accompaniment of the service staff.
Marshalling yard
Immediately to the east of the passenger station there is a marshalling yard where there are numerous tracks for the marshalling of freight trains. The marshalling of trains is facilitated by a hump
The mountains and hills of the British Isles are categorised into various lists based on different combinations of elevation, prominence, and other criteria such as isolation. These lists are used for peak bagging, whereby hillwalkers attempt ...
.
Depot
At the south end of the yard there is a locomotive depot (Bahnbetriebswerk
A ''Bahnbetriebswerk'' is the equivalent of a locomotive depot (or motive power depot) on the German and Austrian railways. It is an installation that carries out the maintenance, minor repairs, refuelling and cleaning of locomotives and other ...
) operated by DB Schenker Rail
DB Cargo (previously known as Railion and DB Schenker Rail) is an international transport and logistics company. It is responsible for all of the rail freight transport activities of the German railway company Deutsche Bahn (the DB Group) bo ...
.
Notes
External links
* {{cite web , url=http://www.bahnknoten-ingolstadt.de , title=Information on Ingolstadt Hbf , publisher=bahnknoten-ingolstadt.de , language=de , access-date=10 April 2013 , url-status=dead , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130506054754/http://bahnknoten-ingolstadt.de/ , archive-date=6 May 2013
Railway stations in Bavaria
Hauptbahnhof
Central stations or central railway stations emerged in the second half of the nineteenth century as railway stations that had initially been built on the edge of city centres were enveloped by urban expansion and became an integral part of the ...
Railway stations in Germany opened in 1867
Railway stations in Germany opened in 1874