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Hongik University (, colloquially ''Hongdae'') is a private
university A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, t ...
in
Seoul Seoul (; ; ), officially known as the Seoul Special City, is the capital and largest metropolis of South Korea.Before 1972, Seoul was the ''de jure'' capital of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) as stated iArticle 103 ...
,
South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and sharing a Korean Demilitarized Zone, land border with North Korea. Its western border is formed ...
. Founded by an activist in 1946, the university is located in
Mapo-gu Mapo District () is one of the 25 districts of Seoul, South Korea. Mapo has a population of 381,330 (2015) and has a geographic area of 23.87 km2 (9.22 sq mi), and is divided into 24 '' dong'' (administrative neighborhoods). Mapo is located in w ...
district of central Seoul, South Korea with a second campus(branch campus) in
Sejong Sejong of Joseon (15 May 1397 – 8 April 1450), personal name Yi Do (Korean: 이도; Hanja: 李祹), widely known as Sejong the Great (Korean: 세종대왕; Hanja: 世宗大王), was the fourth ruler of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. Initial ...
. In addition, Hongik University(Seoul campus) is universities in Korea. Hongik University has a bachelor's degree in art(paint & drawing) in South Korea. However, the university also offers a range of undergraduate and graduate programs. As of 2007, the university was home to 14,500 undergraduate students and 2,600 graduate students, and the undergraduate school consists of College of Fine Arts, College of Education, College of Engineering, College of Liberal Arts, College of Architecture, College of Law, and College of Economics and Business Administration. The graduate school provides research-based and practice-based programs in comprehensive fields including liberal arts, engineering, fine arts and design, education, economics, performing arts, urban planning, architecture, film and photography. The shortened term for Hongik University, "Hongdae," serves as a
metonym Metonymy () is a figure of speech in which a concept is referred to by the name of something closely associated with that thing or concept. Etymology The words ''metonymy'' and ''metonym'' come from grc, μετωνυμία, 'a change of name' ...
for the
neighborhood A neighbourhood (British English, Irish English, Australian English and Canadian English) or neighborhood (American English; see spelling differences) is a geographically localised community within a larger city, town, suburb or rural area, ...
.


History

The university was established shortly after
Korean independence The Korean independence movement was a military and diplomatic campaign to achieve the independence of Korea from Japan. After the Japanese annexation of Korea in 1910, Korea's domestic resistance peaked in the March 1st Movement of 1919, which ...
. The Daejongkyo founders, upon returning to Korea following
Japanese surrender The surrender of the Empire of Japan in World War II was announced by Emperor Hirohito on 15 August and formally signed on 2 September 1945, bringing the war's hostilities to a close. By the end of July 1945, the Imperial Japanese Navy ...
after years of exile in China, prioritized the establishment of an educational institution. As a result, in 1946, they founded the school, then named Hongmoon-daehakgwan (홍문대학관). Lee Hung Soo, a wealthy Korean independent activist, donated the initial funds from which the university found its beginnings. In August 1948, Hongik University and Hongik Foundation was approved officially by the Korean government. By 1950, the school had expanded steadily to accommodate departments in law, liberal arts, political science, and science. The school was forced to move to
Daejeon Daejeon () is South Korea's fifth-largest metropolis, with a population of 1.5 million as of 2019. Located in the central-west region of South Korea alongside forested hills and the Geum River, the city is known both for its technology and ...
and
Busan Busan (), officially known as is South Korea's most populous city after Seoul, with a population of over 3.4 million inhabitants. Formerly romanized as Pusan, it is the economic, cultural and educational center of southeastern South Korea, w ...
during the
Korean War , date = {{Ubl, 25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953 (''de facto'')({{Age in years, months, weeks and days, month1=6, day1=25, year1=1950, month2=7, day2=27, year2=1953), 25 June 1950 – present (''de jure'')({{Age in years, months, weeks a ...
. Upon its return to Seoul in 1953, the university continued its growth. In Seoul, the university continued to expand academic programs, including departments of business and economics, education, engineering, fine arts, handicrafts, as well as a Graduate School. The foundation established Hongik Junior Technical College, Hongik Junior and Senior High Schools, Hongik Girls' Junior and Senior High Schools, and Hongik Elementary School. In 1971, Hongik College attained a new status, merging with Soo-Do Engineering College to form Hongik University, with twenty departments in the College of Business and Economics, Engineering, and Fine Arts. It was also in 1971 that the Graduate School of Industrial Arts came into being. Evening classes and the College of Education were added in 1972 and 1973, respectively. In 1981–82, the Ministry of Education authorized the establishment of the College of Liberal Arts, the Graduate School of Environmental Studies, and the Graduate School of Education. In keeping pace with the growing student enrollment, a program of physical expansion was pursued. The Liberal Arts Building and the Computer Center were completed in 1983 and 1985, respectively, and the construction of the Gymnasium was completed at the end of 1985. Also, two student dormitories were constructed: the first one, a six-story building of 122 square meters, was built in 1988, and the other, a six-story building of 263 square meters with two underground floors, was built in 1989. In the same year, the auditorium, which had been damaged by a fire, was remodeled, resulting in a three-story building of 282 square meters. 1989 also saw the opening of a second campus at
Sejong Sejong of Joseon (15 May 1397 – 8 April 1450), personal name Yi Do (Korean: 이도; Hanja: 李祹), widely known as Sejong the Great (Korean: 세종대왕; Hanja: 世宗大王), was the fourth ruler of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. Initial ...
formerly known as Jochiwon,
Chungcheongnam-do South Chungcheong Province ( ko, 충청남도, ''Chungcheongnam-do''), also known as Chungnam, is a province of South Korea. South Chungcheong has a population of 2,059,871 (2014) and has a geographic area of 8,204 km2 (3,168 sq mi) located in ...
. On April 23, 1988, the first phase of construction, including the lecture buildings, gymnasium, auditorium, and dormitories started. Also, sports facilities for baseball, soccer, and tennis were added. All these efforts culminated into 11 buildings as of March 1991. Further expansion took place from 1991 to 1994, with more departments and colleges being added to the university. The years 1986 through 1988 marked a period of further expansion in Hongik's educational programs. The Graduate School of International Business Administration and the College of Law & Economics were established. The Department of Art Science, the Department of Printmaking, and the Department of Visual Design were added to the College of Fine Arts. In addition, the Institute of Fine Arts & Design Education was set up to provide continuing education for adults. In keeping pace with the growing student enrollment, a program of physical expansion was pursued. The Liberal Arts Building and the Computer Center were completed in 1983 and 1985, respectively, and the construction of the Gymnasium was completed at the end of 1985. Also, two student dormitories were constructed: the first one, a six-story building of 122 square meters, was built in 1988, and the other, a six-story building of 263 square meters with two underground floors, was built in 1989. In the same year, the auditorium, which had been damaged by a fire, was remodeled, resulting in a three-story building of 282 square meters. In 1989, the College of Industrial Sciences, with eleven departments, was established at the second campus in Sejong. The preparation for the second campus was initiated by the purchase of a plot of land covering 151,250 square meters in Sejong. On April 23, 1988, the first phase of construction, including the lecture buildings, gymnasium, auditorium, and dormitories started. Also, sports facilities for baseball, soccer, and tennis were added. All these efforts culminated into 11 buildings as of March 1991. Further expansion took place from 1991 to 1994, with more departments and colleges being added to the university. The Department of Radio Science & Communication Engineering was established in the College of Engineering at the Seoul campus. The College of Industrial Sciences at the second campus was divided into the College of Science and Technology and the College of Visual Arts (now renamed the College of Design and Arts), where the latter included the Department of Industrial Crafts and the Department of Advertisement Design. The College of Business Management was also added during this period. In 1995 and 1996, Hongik University underwent a major restructuring of the departments of the colleges. Many departments exploring similar fields of study were merged into school systems, thereby allowing students to explore a wider spectrum. Additionally, three more graduate schools were established: the Graduate School of Industry at theSejong campus and the Graduate School of Advertising and Public Relations and the Graduate School of Educational Management at the Seoul campus. Also, in 1995, the university began to expand globally, becoming sister universities with over 32 institutions worldwide, including those in the United States, China, Russia, Japan, the United Kingdom, Spain, Finland, and Australia, among others. The Hongik International Language Institute was established in 1997 to further support foreign language studies, vital in this age of globalization. The School of Advertising and Public Relations, the first of its kind in Korea, opened in 1998. The creation of the Gangnam Art Center in 1999 and the establishment of the Daehakro Campus in Hyewha, the most frequented gathering place for youngsters, in 2002, were efforts to establish a system of lifelong education within Hongik University. There were other major happenings in 2002 as well: the Gyeonseong School Foundation was merged with the Hongik Foundation; a new campus was opened in Suwon, which is a city just adjacent to the south of Seoul; in Mallipo, which is on the west coast, the Beach Training Center opened. In 2004, the Graduate School of Film & Design Media and the International Design school for Advanced Studies (IDAS) were established. The Department of Radio Science & Communication Engineering was established in the College of Engineering at the Seoul campus. The College of Industrial Sciences at the second campus was divided into the College of Science and Technology and the College of Visual Arts (now renamed the College of Design and Arts), where the latter included the Department of Industrial Crafts and the Department of Advertisement Design. The College of Business Management was added during this period.


Campuses

The main campus of the school is in west central
Seoul Seoul (; ; ), officially known as the Seoul Special City, is the capital and largest metropolis of South Korea.Before 1972, Seoul was the ''de jure'' capital of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) as stated iArticle 103 ...
, and the second in
Sejong Sejong of Joseon (15 May 1397 – 8 April 1450), personal name Yi Do (Korean: 이도; Hanja: 李祹), widely known as Sejong the Great (Korean: 세종대왕; Hanja: 世宗大王), was the fourth ruler of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. Initial ...
.


Seoul campus

Since 1955, Hongik University's main campus is located in
Mapo District Mapo District () is one of the 25 districts of Seoul, South Korea. Mapo has a population of 381,330 (2015) and has a geographic area of 23.87 km2 (9.22 sq mi), and is divided into 24 '' dong'' (administrative neighborhoods). Mapo is located in w ...
,
Seoul Seoul (; ; ), officially known as the Seoul Special City, is the capital and largest metropolis of South Korea.Before 1972, Seoul was the ''de jure'' capital of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) as stated iArticle 103 ...
. * Hongik University station *
Sangsu station Sangsu station is a subway station on Seoul Subway Line 6 Seoul Subway Line 6 is a line of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway. The route connects Eunpyeong-gu and Jungnang-gu in a U-shaped manner, running through Yongsan-gu and Seongbuk-gu. It does ...
Some facilities, including International Design school for Advanced Studies, are located in
Daehangno Daehangno (Hangul:대학로 Hanja:, lit. "college street") is a Neighbourhoods of Seoul, neighborhood in Seoul north of the Han River (Korea), Han River within Jongno-gu and Seodaemun-gu. Formerly known as Sunggyobang (Hangul:숭교방 Hanja:), ...
,
Jongno District Bosingak bell pavilion Jongno District () is a district () in central Seoul, South Korea. It takes its name from a major local street, Jongno, which means "Bell Road". Characteristics Jongno District has been the center of the city for 600 yea ...
,
Seoul Seoul (; ; ), officially known as the Seoul Special City, is the capital and largest metropolis of South Korea.Before 1972, Seoul was the ''de jure'' capital of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) as stated iArticle 103 ...
.


Sejong campus

Opened in 1987, the second campus is located in
Sejong City Sejong (; ), officially the Sejong Special Self-Governing City (), is a special self-governing city and ''de facto'' administrative capital of South Korea. Sejong was founded in 2007 as the new planned capital of South Korea from many parts of ...
.


Colleges and Schools

Source:


Undergraduate

* College of Fine Arts ** Department of Oriental Painting ** Department of Painting ** Department of Printmaking ** Department of Sculpture ** Department of Woodworking and Furniture Design ** Department of Art Theory and History ** Department of Metal Art and Design ** Department of Ceramics and Glass ** Department of Textile Art and Fashion Design ** School of Design *** Major in Visual Communication Design *** Major in Industrial Design * College of Liberal Arts ** Department of Korean Language and Literature ** Department of German Language and Literature ** Department of French Language and Literature ** Department of English Language and Literature * College of Engineering ** Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering ** Department of Mechanical & System Design Engineering ** School of Electronic & Electrical Engineering ** School of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science *** Major in Materials Science & Engineering *** Major in Chemical Engineering ** Department of Industrial and Data Engineering ** Department of Computer Engineering * College of Architecture and Urban Planning ** School of Architecture *** Major in Architecture *** Major in Interior Architecture ** Department of Urban Design and Planning * College of Business Administration ** School of Business Administration * College of Law ** School of Law * College of Education ** Department of Education ** Department of Korean Language Education ** Department of Mathematics Education ** Department of History Education ** Department of English Language Education * College of Science and Technology ** School of Architecture Engineering *** Major in Architecture Design *** Major in Architecture Engineering ** Department of Mechanical & Design Engineering ** Department of Biological & Chemical Engineering ** Department of Electronic & Electrical Convergence Engineering ** Department of Nanomaterial Engineering ** Department of Naval Architecture & Ocean Engineering ** Department of Software & Communication Engineering * College of Business Management ** School of Business Management *** Major in International Management *** Major in Accounting *** Major in Finance & Insurance * College of Design Arts ** School of Design Convergence ** School of Film & Animation * School of Performing Arts ** Major in Musical Theatre ** Major in Contemporary Music * School of Economics * School of Design Management * School of Liberal Studies * School of Advertising and Public Relations * School of Games ** Major in Game Software ** Major in Game Graphic Design * Department of Sports Science


Postgraduate

* International Design school for Advanced Studies * Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Design * Graduate School of Business * Graduate School of Education * Graduate School of Fine Arts * Graduate School of Performing Arts * Graduate School of Culture, Information and Public Policy * Graduate School of Industrial Arts * Graduate School of Film, Digital Media and Communication * Graduate School of Arts and Cultural Management * Graduate School of Fashion * Graduate School of Smart Urban Science Management


Hongdae area

The neighborhood of the Seoul campus has been renowned for Korean indie music and art culture since the 1980s. Until the 2000s, the district remained as an original indie hipster area for young adults, however, due to the incursion and expansion of corporate brands and real estate development, gentrification has become a serious issue for many years. As an outcome, the neighborhood has also expanded to adjacent areas. It is a very crowded and commercial district full of young adults mostly who would like to enjoy hip restaurants, bars, live and night clubs, and art galleries including alternative art spaces.


Notable alumni

* Ham Tae-ho, (Economics) Founder of Ottogi/ Honorary Chairman * Koh Jung-wook, (Economics): CEO of Lotte Capital. * Jeom-Joo Kwon, (Business Administration): Former President of Shinhan Life Insurance. * Dongmin Kim, CEO of JLK Inspection. * Youngchan Kim, (Mechanical Engineering): President of Golfzon. * Seongam Kim, (Electronic Engineering): President of Korea Electric Power Technology. * Kim Jong-deok, (Visual Design): Former Dean of Hongik University's Graduate School of Visual Arts. 48th Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism. That person at Choi Soon-sil Gate is correct. * Taegon Kim, (Electronic and Electrical Engineering): Managing Director, Endors. Im Jinrok, Colossus, Monarch Online development. * Yong-deuk Ma, (Mechanical Engineering): Former CEO of Lotte Information and Communication. * Dae-Jun Park, (Business Administration): CEO of Coupang. * Yongseon Park, (Business Administration): CEO of Woongjin Coway. * Kwang-Yoon Byun, (Mechanical Engineering): President of eBay Korea. *
Seo Dong-gu Seo or SEO may refer to: * Search engine optimization, the process of improving the visibility of a website or a web page in search engines Organisations * SEO Economic Research, a scientific institute * Spanish Ornithological Society (''Socied ...
, (News and Broadcasting): Skylife CEO, former KBS president. *
Hyewon Son Shin Yun-bok, better known by his pen name Hyewon (1758–1813), was a Korean painter of the Joseon Dynasty. Like his contemporaries Danwon and Geungjae, he is known for his realistic depictions of daily life in his time. His genre paintings ar ...
, (Applied Art): 20th National Assembly member, Director of the Najeon Lacquerware Museum in Korea, Representative of Crosspoint International. * Youngkwan Lee, (Chemical Engineering): Chairman of Toray Advanced Materials. * Youngho Lee, (Mathematics Education): CEO of Chu Life Life Insurance. * Eunjung Lee, (Business Administration): CEO of Mcnulty Korea. * Jun-seop Lee, (Industrial Engineering): The 10th National Assembly member of the Democratic Republic of Korea. * Lee Cheon-deuk, (Painting): Former Vice President of Samchully Group. * Hanwoo Lee, (Business Administration): CEO of Kyobo Books. * Jae-Yeop Choo, (Electrical Engineering): Former Mayor of Yangcheon-gu, Seoul. * Byung-ki Han, (Economics): The 8th member of the Democratic Republican Party. Park Jeong-hee's eldest son-in-law and Park Geun-hye's half-brother. * Yuno Hwang, (Business Administration): President of Hyundai Card, Hyundai Capital, and Hyundai Commercial. * Myeong-Kwang Kwon, (College of Fine Arts): Professor of Hongik University, 15th President of Hongik University. * Sa-Hyang Kim, (English Education): Professor, Department of English Education, Hongik University. * Kim Soo-hyang, (German German Literature): Professor of Aviation Services, a flight attendant in charge of the presidential plane of the Republic of Korea and the private plane of the prime minister. * Jong-Min Kim, (Electronic Engineering): The first Korean professor at Oxford University. * Sang-Woo Seo, (Architecture): Professor Emeritus of Architecture, Kookmin University. * Joo-Seok Shim, (Mathematics Education): Instructor for EBSi Mathematics 1 stroke. * Sunyeol Yang, (Korean Language and Literature): Mega Public Official (Mega Study Education) PSAT Language Logic Instructor. Mensa Korea Thinking Training Author. * Jang-Gyu Lee, (Architecture): Math instructor at Etus. * Ja-eun Yu, (Metal Material Engineering): Chairman of Konkuk University. * Da-bi Choi, (French and French Literature): Professor, Department of Culture and Arts Management, Dongduk Women's University. * Kyung-Yong Hyun, (Painting): A suspect in a leaked test paper from Sookmyung Girls' High School. Former head of school affairs at Sookmyung Girls' High School. *
Choi Won-young Choi Won-young (; born Choi Seong-wook on January 10, 1976) is a South Korean actor. Career Choi Won-young made his acting debut in 2002's ''Sex Is Zero'', and has since appeared in both film and television. But his most notable roles have be ...
, actor *
Jo Han-sun Jo Han-sun (born June 17, 1981) is a South Korean actor. He made his debut in a beer commercial in 2001, then became a household name through the sitcom '' Nonstop 3'' (2002) and the television drama '' April Kiss'' (2004). He is best known for t ...
, actor * Kang Eui-sik, actor *
Kim Sung-kyung Kim Sung-kyung (born February 15, 1972) is a South Korean television personality and actress. Kim joined the broadcasting network SBS in 1993 as a news presenter, notably as the weekend anchor for the ''SBS Eight O'Clock News''. She left SBS in ...
, actress * Ko Eun-ah, actress * Ko Young-hoon, painter *
Kwon Oh-joong Kwon Oh-joong (born November 24, 1971) is a South Korean actor. He is best known for starring in ''Gourmet'' (2008), as well as the television series ''The Secret Lovers'' (2005), '' Freedom Fighter, Lee Hoe-young'' (2010), and ''Miss Ajumma'' (2 ...
, actor *
GRAY Grey (more common in British English) or gray (more common in American English) is an intermediate color between black and white. It is a neutral or achromatic color, meaning literally that it is "without color", because it can be composed o ...
, rapper and producer from
AOMG AOMG is a South Korean hip-hop and R&B record label found in 2013 by singer, rapper, and songwriter Jay Park. The label currently houses 20 musicians and UFC fighter Chan Sung Jung (The Korean Zombie). History Above Ordinary Music Group (AOMG) ...
* Maia Ruth Lee, artist *
Loco Loco or El Loco may refer to: Places United States * Loco, Georgia, an unincorporated community * Loco, Oklahoma, a village * Loco, Texas, an unincorporated community * Loco Mountain (Labinero, Montana), a mountain peak of the Crazy Mountains ...
, rapper from
AOMG AOMG is a South Korean hip-hop and R&B record label found in 2013 by singer, rapper, and songwriter Jay Park. The label currently houses 20 musicians and UFC fighter Chan Sung Jung (The Korean Zombie). History Above Ordinary Music Group (AOMG) ...
*
Oh Hyuk Oh Hyuk (Hangul: 오혁, stylised OHHYUK, born October 5, 1993) is a South Korean singer and musician best known as the lead vocalist, guitarist and principal songwriter of indie rock band Hyukoh. Background Born in South Korea, Oh moved to ...
, musician from
Hyukoh Hyukoh ( ko, 혁오) is a South Korean indie band signed to DooRooDooRoo Artist Company. The band was formed in May 2014 and consists of leader, singer, and guitarist Oh Hyuk, bassist Im Dong-geon, guitarist Lim Hyun-jae, and drummer Lee In-woo. ...
*
Woo Won-jae Woo Won-jae (; born December 23, 1996), also known as Woo, is a South Korean rapper. In 2017, he released his debut single "We Are" () which had commercial success and widespread acclaim. He has released one studio album: ''Black Out'' (2020) on ...
, rapper from
AOMG AOMG is a South Korean hip-hop and R&B record label found in 2013 by singer, rapper, and songwriter Jay Park. The label currently houses 20 musicians and UFC fighter Chan Sung Jung (The Korean Zombie). History Above Ordinary Music Group (AOMG) ...
* Lee Bul, artist *
Kimsooja Kimsooja (; born 1957) is a South Korean, multi-disciplinary conceptual artist based in New York, Paris, and Seoul. Her practice combines performance, film, photo, and site-specific installation using textile, light, and sound. Kimsooja's work i ...
, artist * Park Seo-bo, artist *
Han Yujoo Han Yujoo (born 1982) is a South Korean writer. Her novels portray not so much the fate of people embroiled in some kind of conflict as their psychological state when they contemplate a situation or idea. She focuses on recording spontaneous tho ...
, writer * Kim Yong-ik, artist * Kim Hong-hee, art historian, curator *
Chan-Jin Chung Chan-Jin Chung (정찬진) or popularly known as "CJ" Chung is a full professor of Computer Science at Lawrence Technological University(LTU) in Michigan, USA. He founded an international autonomous robotics competition called Robofest in the 19 ...
, professor & founder of
Robofest Robofest is an autonomous robotics competition for 4th - 12th graders. It is similar to FIRST Lego League (FLL), but while FLL limits the student's robots to Lego Mindstorms robots, Robofest allows the student to use any robotics system, parts, m ...
* Lee Uk-bae, writer and illustrator of children's books * Ha Chong-hyun, artist * Park Hyun-ki, artist


Affiliated schools

*
Hongik University High School Hongik University College of Education Affiliated High School (), commonly known as Hongik University High School (), is a high school for boys in Seongbuk District, Seoul, South Korea. It is part of a system of schools affiliated with Hongik Unive ...
* Hongik University Girls' High School * Gyeongseong High School * Seoul Hongik Design High School * Hwaseong Hongik Design High School * Hongik University Middle School * Hongik University Girls' Middle School * Gyeongseong Middle School * Hongik Elementary School


See also

*
List of colleges and universities in South Korea This is a list of institutions of higher education in South Korea. Quick index __NOTOC__ A *Agricultural Cooperative College – Goyang, Gyeonggi *Ajou Motor College – Boryeong, South Chungcheong * Ajou University – Suwon, Gyeonggi *Andong I ...
*
Education in South Korea Education in South Korea is provided by both public schools and private schools. Both types of schools receive funding from the government, although the amount that the private schools receive is less than the amount of the state schools. Sout ...
*
Hongdae, Seoul Hongdae () is a neighborhood in Seoul, South Korea near Hongik University, after which it is named. It is known for its urban arts and indie music culture, local shops, clubs and entertainment. The area is located in Mapo-gu in the western end ...


References


External links

*
Official website
*
Official website
*

{{authority control Universities and colleges in Seoul Universities and colleges in Sejong City Educational institutions established in 1946 1946 establishments in South Korea Universities established in the 1940s Private universities and colleges in South Korea Mapo District