''Helvella'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...

of ascomycete

fungus A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from t ...

of the family Helvellaceae. The

mushroom A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground, on soil, or on its food source. ''Toadstool'' generally denotes one poisonous to humans. The standard for the name "mushroom" is ...

s, commonly known as elfin saddles, are identified by their irregularly shaped caps, fluted stems, and fuzzy undersurfaces. They are found in North America and in Europe. Well known species include the whitish '' H. crispa'' and the grey '' H. lacunosa''. They have been reported to cause gastrointestinal symptoms when eaten raw.

Description

Species in ''Helvella'' have

fruiting bodies The sporocarp (also known as fruiting body, fruit body or fruitbody) of fungi is a multicellular structure on which spore-producing structures, such as basidia or asci, are borne. The fruitbody is part of the sexual phase of a fungal life cyc ...

(technically ascocarps) that grow above the ground, and usually have stems. The cup-like fruiting body (the ''apothecium'') can assume a variety of forms: it may be shaped like an ear (''auriculate''), or a saddle; it may be convex or irregularly lobed and bent. The spore-bearing surface, the hymenium, can be smooth, wavy or wrinkled and can range in color from white to black or various shades of gray or brown. Similarly, the outer surface of the fruiting bodies can be smooth, ribbed, or have minute hairlike projections (''villi''). The stem is cylindrical and tapering or grooved and ribbed. The

flesh Flesh is any aggregation of soft tissues of an organism. Various multicellular organisms have soft tissues that may be called "flesh". In mammals, including humans, ''flesh'' encompasses muscles, fats and other loose connective tissues, but ...

is usually between 1–2 mm thick.

Species

Index Fungorum ''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names (scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and the Institute of M ...

accepts 105 species of ''Helvella'': 2011-05-29 Helvella acetabulum 68463

* '' Helvella acetabulum'' * '' Helvella adhaerens'' * '' Helvella aestivalis'' * '' Helvella affinis'' * '' Helvella agaricoides'' * '' Helvella albella'' * '' Helvella albipes'' * '' Helvella arcto-alpina'' * '' Helvella astieri'' * '' Helvella aterrima'' * '' Helvella atra'' * '' Helvella beatonii'' * '' Helvella branzeziana'' * '' Helvella brevis'' * ''

Helvella brevissima ''Helvella'' is a genus of ascomycete fungus of the family Helvellaceae. The mushrooms, commonly known as elfin saddles, are identified by their irregularly shaped caps, fluted stems, and fuzzy undersurfaces. They are found in North America and i ...

'' * ''

Helvella bulbosa ''Helvella'' is a genus of ascomycete fungus of the family Helvellaceae. The mushrooms, commonly known as elfin saddles, are identified by their irregularly shaped caps, fluted stems, and fuzzy undersurfaces. They are found in North America and i ...

'' * '' Helvella capucinoides'' * '' Helvella chinensis'' * ''

Helvella cinerella ''Helvella'' is a genus of ascomycete fungus of the family Helvellaceae. The mushrooms, commonly known as elfin saddles, are identified by their irregularly shaped caps, fluted stems, and fuzzy undersurfaces. They are found in North America and i ...

'' * ''

Helvella compressa ''Helvella'' is a genus of ascomycete fungus of the family Helvellaceae. The mushrooms, commonly known as elfin saddles, are identified by their irregularly shaped caps, fluted stems, and fuzzy undersurfaces. They are found in North America and i ...

'' * '' Helvella confusa'' * '' Helvella connivens'' * '' Helvella constricta'' * '' Helvella corbierei'' * ''

Helvella corium ''Helvella corium'' is a species of fungus in the family Helvellaceae of the order Pezizales. This inedible cup-shaped fungus is black, and grows on the ground often near willows in deciduous or mixed forests. Although it has a fairly wide distr ...

'' * '' Helvella costifera'' * ''

Helvella crassitunicata ''Helvella'' is a genus of ascomycete fungus of the family Helvellaceae. The mushrooms, commonly known as elfin saddles, are identified by their irregularly shaped caps, fluted stems, and fuzzy undersurfaces. They are found in North America and i ...

'' * '' Helvella crispa'' * '' Helvella cupuliformis'' * ''

Helvella dissingi ''Helvella'' is a genus of ascomycete fungus of the family Helvellaceae. The mushrooms, commonly known as elfin saddles, are identified by their irregularly shaped caps, fluted stems, and fuzzy undersurfaces. They are found in North America and i ...

'' * ''

Helvella dovrensis ''Helvella'' is a genus of ascomycete fungus of the family Helvellaceae. The mushrooms, commonly known as elfin saddles, are identified by their irregularly shaped caps, fluted stems, and fuzzy undersurfaces. They are found in North America and i ...

'' * '' Helvella dryophila'' * '' Helvella dura'' * '' Helvella elastica'' * '' Helvella engleriana'' * ''

Helvella ephippioides ''Helvella'' is a genus of ascomycete fungus of the family Helvellaceae. The mushrooms, commonly known as elfin saddles, are identified by their irregularly shaped caps, fluted stems, and fuzzy undersurfaces. They are found in North America and i ...

'' * '' Helvella ephippium'' * '' Helvella faulknerae'' * ''

Helvella favrei ''Helvella'' is a genus of ascomycete fungus of the family Helvellaceae. The mushrooms, commonly known as elfin saddles, are identified by their irregularly shaped caps, fluted stems, and fuzzy undersurfaces. They are found in North America and i ...

'' * '' Helvella fibrosa'' * '' Helvella flavida'' * '' Helvella foetida'' * '' Helvella fuegiana'' * '' Helvella fusca'' * '' Helvella galeriformis'' * '' Helvella glutinosa'' * ''

Helvella griseoalba ''Helvella'' is a genus of ascomycete fungus of the family Helvellaceae. The mushrooms, commonly known as elfin saddles, are identified by their irregularly shaped caps, fluted stems, and fuzzy undersurfaces. They are found in North America and i ...

'' * '' Helvella hegani'' * '' Helvella helvellula'' * '' Helvella hyperborea'' * '' Helvella javanica'' * ''

Helvella jiaohensis ''Helvella'' is a genus of ascomycete fungus of the family Helvellaceae. The mushrooms, commonly known as elfin saddles, are identified by their irregularly shaped caps, fluted stems, and fuzzy undersurfaces. They are found in North America and i ...

'' * ''

Helvella jilinensis ''Helvella'' is a genus of ascomycete fungus of the family Helvellaceae. The mushrooms, commonly known as elfin saddles, are identified by their irregularly shaped caps, fluted stems, and fuzzy undersurfaces. They are found in North America and i ...

'' * '' Helvella jimsarica'' * '' Helvella juniperi'' * '' Helvella lactea'' * '' Helvella lacunosa'' * '' Helvella latispora'' * '' Helvella leucomelaena'' * ''

Helvella leucopus ''Helvella'' is a genus of ascomycete fungus of the family Helvellaceae. The mushrooms, commonly known as elfin saddles, are identified by their irregularly shaped caps, fluted stems, and fuzzy undersurfaces. They are found in North America and i ...

'' * '' Helvella macropus'' * '' Helvella maculata'' * '' Helvella maroccana'' * '' Helvella menzeliana'' * '' Helvella mesatlantica'' * '' Helvella minor'' * '' Helvella monachella'' * '' Helvella oblongispora'' * '' Helvella pallidula'' * '' Helvella papuensis'' * '' Helvella paraphysitorquata'' * '' Helvella pedunculata'' * '' Helvella pezizoides'' * '' Helvella philonotis'' * '' Helvella phlebophora'' * '' Helvella pileata'' * '' Helvella platycephala'' * '' Helvella platypodia'' * ''

Helvella pocillum ''Helvella'' is a genus of ascomycete fungus of the family Helvellaceae. The mushrooms, commonly known as elfin saddles, are identified by their irregularly shaped caps, fluted stems, and fuzzy undersurfaces. They are found in North America and i ...

'' * '' Helvella pulchra'' * '' Helvella quadrisulca'' * '' Helvella queletiana'' * ''

Helvella queletii ''Helvella queletii'' is a species of fungi in the family Helvellaceae of the order Pezizales The Pezizales are an order of the subphylum Pezizomycotina within the phylum Ascomycota. The order contains 16 families, 199 genera, and 1683 spec ...

'' * '' Helvella rivularis'' * '' Helvella robusta'' * '' Helvella rossica'' * '' Helvella schaefferi'' * '' Helvella scrobiculata'' * '' Helvella semiobruta'' * '' Helvella sinensis'' * ''

Helvella solida ''Helvella'' is a genus of ascomycete fungus of the family Helvellaceae. The mushrooms, commonly known as elfin saddles, are identified by their irregularly shaped caps, fluted stems, and fuzzy undersurfaces. They are found in North America and i ...

'' * '' Helvella solitaria'' * ''

Helvella subfusispora ''Helvella'' is a genus of ascomycete fungus of the family Helvellaceae. The mushrooms, commonly known as elfin saddles, are identified by their irregularly shaped caps, fluted Plant stem, stems, and fuzzy undersurfaces. They are found in North A ...

'' * '' Helvella subglabra'' * '' Helvella taiyuanensis'' * '' Helvella terrestris'' * '' Helvella ulvinenii'' * '' Helvella umbraculiformis'' * '' Helvella underwoodii'' * '' Helvella unicolor'' * '' Helvella vacini'' * '' Helvella verruculosa'' * '' Helvella vespertina'' * '' Helvella xinjiangensis'' * '' Helvella zhongtiaoensis''

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q1514169 Pezizales genera

Description

Species

See also

References