Hawker Siddeley Canada was the Canadian unit of the Hawker Siddeley Group of the United Kingdom and manufactured railcars, subway cars, streetcars, aircraft engines and ships from the 1960s to 1980s.

History

Founded in 1962 as the Canadian division of British Hawker Siddeley Group, the company assumed the assets of the A.V. Roe Canada Company Ltd. Hawker Siddeley Canada focused on manufacturing heavy rail cars (hopper and tank cars) and transit vehicles (subway cars, intercity railcars and streetcars). Major clients included: *

Toronto Transit Commission The Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) is the public transport agency that operates bus, subway, streetcar, and paratransit services in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, some of which run into the Peel Region and York Region. It is the oldest and larges ...

H series (Toronto subway) The H series was the third series of rapid transit rolling stock used in the subway system of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. They were built in six production sets, named H1 to H6, from 1965 to 1990 in Thunder Bay, Ontario, for the Toronto Transit Co ...

(H1 to H5 only as H6 built by UTDC and H3 rebuilt H2 by TTC) cars *

GO Transit GO Transit is a regional public transit system serving the Greater Golden Horseshoe region of Ontario, Canada. With its hub at Union Station in Toronto, GO Transit's green-and-white trains and buses serve a population of more than seven millio ...

- bi-level coaches Series I to II (Series III to IV were jointly built with UTDC) * Soo Line Railroad *

Canadian Wheat Board The Canadian Wheat Board (french: Commission canadienne du blé, links=no) was a marketing board for wheat and barley in Western Canada. Established by the Parliament of Canada on 5 July 1935, its operation was governed by the Canadian Wheat Bo ...

- cylindrical grain hoppers *

Saskatchewan Grain Car Corporation Saskatchewan Grain Car Corporation was a Canadian crown corporation owned by the Government of Saskatchewan. History By the 1960s, it had become apparent that various economic factors, including competition and inflation, had led to Canadian ra ...

- grain hoppers *

Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (abbreviated MBTA and known colloquially as "the T") is the public agency responsible for operating most public transportation services in Greater Boston, Massachusetts. The MBTA transit network in ...

- Orange and Blue line transit cars *

National Railways of Mexico National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, ce ...

- passenger coaches Hawker Siddeley Canada headquarters was in

Mississauga Mississauga ( ), historically known as Toronto Township, is a city in the Canadian province of Ontario. It is situated on the shores of Lake Ontario in the Regional Municipality of Peel, adjoining the western border of Toronto. With a popul ...

Ontario Ontario ( ; ) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada.Ontario is located in the geographic eastern half of Canada, but it has historically and politically been considered to be part of Central Canada. Located in Central Ca ...

. Its formation in 1962 saw the company acquire control of several A.V. Roe Canada subsidiaries including the

Canadian Car and Foundry Canadian Car and Foundry (CC&F), also variously known as "Canadian Car & Foundry" or more familiarly as "Can Car", was a manufacturer of buses, railway rolling stock, forestry equipment, and later aircraft for the Canadian market. CC&F history ...

(CC&F) as well as the

Dominion Steel and Coal Corporation The Dominion Steel and Coal Corporation (also DOSCO) was a Canadian coal mining and steel manufacturing company. Incorporated in 1928 and operational by 1930, DOSCO was predated by the British Empire Steel Corporation (BESCO), which was a merger o ...

(DOSCO) conglomerate, which included various steel mills, coal mines, manufacturing plants, and

Halifax Shipyards The Halifax Shipyard Limited is a Canadian shipbuilding company located in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Founded in 1889, it is today a wholly owned subsidiary of Irving Shipbuilding Inc. and is that company's largest ship construction and repair facili ...

. Consequently, Hawker Siddeley had two primary railcar manufacturing plants: * CC&F factory in

Thunder Bay Thunder Bay is a city in and the seat of Thunder Bay District, Ontario, Canada. It is the most populous municipality in Northwestern Ontario and the second most populous (after Greater Sudbury) municipality in Northern Ontario; its population ...

, for manufacturing railway transit cars, and *DOSCO factory in

Trenton, Nova Scotia Trenton is a town located in Pictou County, Nova Scotia, Pictou County, Nova Scotia, Canada. Founded in 1786, it is situated on the east bank of the East River of Pictou. The community gained its name in 1882 at the suggestion of a prominent citiz ...

, for manufacturing railway freight cars (

TrentonWorks TrentonWorks is an industrial manufacturing facility located in the town of Trenton, Nova Scotia, Canada. This collection of factories on the bank of the East River of Pictou has witnessed a large variety of industrial operations, ranging from s ...

), along with the Trenton Forge - the largest forge in North America. Hawker Siddeley forced its DOSCO subsidiary to close money-losing coal mines and steel mills, subsequently expropriated by the federal and Nova Scotia governments (see:

Cape Breton Development Corporation The Cape Breton Development Corporation, or DEVCO, was a Government of Canada Crown corporation. It ceased operation on December 31, 2009, after being amalgamated with Enterprise Cape Breton Corporation (ECBC). DEVCO was organized primarily in ...

and

Sydney Steel Corporation Sydney Steel Corporation (SYSCO) was a Crown corporation in the province of Nova Scotia, Canada. It owned and operated a steel mill in Sydney. Early history of steelmaking in Sydney An integrated steel mill was established on the southeast side ...

). Likewise, CC&F was forced to shed various assets. Halifax Shipyards was sold to Irving Shipbuilding Inc., a subsidiary of J.D. Irving Limited, in the 1990s. Hawker Siddeley Canada's operations were then acquired by Kingston-based

UTDC The Urban Transportation Development Corporation Ltd. (UTDC) was a Crown corporation owned by the Government of Ontario, Canada. It was established in the 1970s as a way to enter what was then expected to be a burgeoning market in advanced l ...

(later sold to

Bombardier Transportation Bombardier Transportation was a Canadian-German rolling stock and rail transport manufacturer, headquartered in Berlin, Germany. It was one of the world's largest companies in the rail vehicle and equipment manufacturing and servicing industry ...

Montreal Montreal ( ; officially Montréal, ) is the List of the largest municipalities in Canada by population, second-most populous city in Canada and List of towns in Quebec, most populous city in the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian ...

Quebec Quebec ( ; )According to the Canadian government, ''Québec'' (with the acute accent) is the official name in Canadian French and ''Quebec'' (without the accent) is the province's official name in Canadian English is one of the thirtee ...

SNC-Lavalin SNC-Lavalin Group Inc. is a Canadian company based in Montreal that provides engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) services to various industries, including mining and metallurgy, oil and gas, environment and water, infrastructure, a ...

purchased the railcar business but mothballed the TrentonWorks plant, which was later acquired by the Government of Nova Scotia and sold to Greenbrier. SNC-Lavalin sold the Thunder Bay plant to

and the Hawker Siddeley Canada name was ultimately dissolved in 2001.

Products

A partial list of products made by Hawker Siddeley Canada: ;Transit Front_of_Expo_Express_train

* Subway cars - for the

(1965-1979) * Automated Expo-Express surface metro cars - for the

Expo 67 The 1967 International and Universal Exposition, commonly known as Expo 67, was a general exhibition from April 27 to October 29, 1967. It was a category One World's Fair held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is considered to be one of the most su ...

World's Fair A world's fair, also known as a universal exhibition or an expo, is a large international exhibition designed to showcase the achievements of nations. These exhibitions vary in character and are held in different parts of the world at a specif ...

(1965) * PA3-type rapid transit cars for

Port Authority Trans-Hudson Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) is a rapid transit system in the Gateway Region, northeastern New Jersey cities of Newark, New Jersey, Newark, Harrison, New Jersey, Harrison, Jersey City, New Jersey, Jersey City, and Hoboken, New Jersey, H ...

(1972) and

's Blue Line (1979) and Orange Line (1980) ;Aviation Avro-jet

Hawker-Siddeley Canada also manufactured aircraft engines for Avro Canada's

Orenda Engines Orenda Engines was a Canadian aircraft engine manufacturer and parts supplier. As part of the earlier Avro Canada conglomerate, which became Hawker Siddeley Canada, they produced a number of military jet engines from the 1950s through the 1970s ...

and other aircraft manufacturers: *

General Electric J79 The General Electric J79 is an axial-flow turbojet engine built for use in a variety of fighter and bomber aircraft and a supersonic cruise missile. The J79 was produced by General Electric Aircraft Engines in the United States, and under lice ...

General Electric J85 The General Electric J85 is a small single-shaft turbojet engine. Military versions produce up to of thrust dry; afterburning variants can reach up to . The engine, depending upon additional equipment and specific model, weighs from . It is one ...

-CAN-40 * General Electric J-85-CAN-15 ;Rail CN Tempo service to Windsor

Hawker-Siddeley Transportation also produced railway freight cars primarily for Canadian railways and leasing companies during the 1970s and 1980s at plants in Thunder Bay, Ontario and Trenton, Nova Scotia. Today the Thunder Bay plant is owned by

. The Trenton plant was sold in 1988 to Lavalin Industries and renamed

The Greenbrier Companies The Greenbrier Companies is an American publicly traded transportation manufacturing corporation based in Lake Oswego, Oregon, United States. Greenbrier specializes in transportation services, notably marine barge and freight railcar manufacturin ...

acquired the plant in 1995 but during a serious contraction within the railcar sector in the mid 2000s closed the plant. The Thunder Bay plant primarily built passenger rail and transit equipment, while the Trenton plant built freight cars. * Covered Hopper Cars - for

grain A grain is a small, hard, dry fruit (caryopsis) – with or without an attached hull layer – harvested for human or animal consumption. A grain crop is a grain-producing plant. The two main types of commercial grain crops are cereals and legum ...

and other dry bulk commodities * Tank Cars - for liquids and compressed gases * Box Cars - for

paper Paper is a thin sheet material produced by mechanically or chemically processing cellulose fibres derived from wood, rags, grasses or other vegetable sources in water, draining the water through fine mesh leaving the fibre evenly distributed ...

and general freight * Flat Cars - for lumber,

steel Steel is an alloy made up of iron with added carbon to improve its strength and fracture resistance compared to other forms of iron. Many other elements may be present or added. Stainless steels that are corrosion- and oxidation-resistant ty ...

, vehicles and large bulky freight * Gondolas - for steel, logs, stone, other bulk freight * Passenger cars ** RT85 lightweight "

Tempo In musical terminology, tempo (Italian, 'time'; plural ''tempos'', or ''tempi'' from the Italian plural) is the speed or pace of a given piece. In classical music, tempo is typically indicated with an instruction at the start of a piece (often ...

" passenger cars (Coach Class T3, Club Coach Class T1 and Club Café Class T2) for CN and NdeM. ** RTC85/RTC-85SP/RTC-85SPD lightweight commuter cars for

. ** BiLevel coaches. ;Ships See

Halifax Shipyard The Halifax Shipyard Limited is a Canadian shipbuilding company located in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Founded in 1889, it is today a wholly owned subsidiary of Irving Shipbuilding Inc. and is that company's largest ship construction and repair facili ...

References

* Molson, Ken M. and Taylor, Harold A. ''Canadian Aircraft Since 1909''. Stittsville, Ontario: Canada's Wings, Inc., 1982. .

External links

The Camshaft Control Hawkers (Series H1, H2, H3 and H4)

HS railcar gallery

Hawker Siddeley Canada Ltd. Corporate Reports
– McGill University Library & Archives
Hawker Siddeley Canada Inc. Corporate Reports
– McGill University Library & Archives {{Authority control Foundries in Canada Aircraft engine manufacturers of Canada Bombardier Inc. acquisitions Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1962 1962 establishments in Ontario Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 2001 2001 disestablishments in Ontario Canadian companies established in 1962 Defunct manufacturing companies of Canada

History

Products

See also

References

External links