Hanumatodi, more popularly known as Todi (pronounced hanumatōdi and tōdi), is a

rāga A ''raga'' or ''raag'' (; also ''raaga'' or ''ragam''; ) is a melodic framework for improvisation in Indian classical music akin to a melodic mode. The ''rāga'' is a unique and central feature of the classical Indian music tradition, and as ...

m (musical scale) in Carnatic music. It is the 8th ''

melakarta Mēḷakartā is a collection of fundamental musical scales ( ragas) in Carnatic music (South Indian classical music). ''Mēḷakartā'' ragas are parent ragas (hence known as ''janaka'' ragas) from which other ragas may be generated. A ''melak ...

m (parent scale) in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system. This is sung very often in concerts. It is a difficult rāgam to perform in owing to its complexity in '' prayoga'' (phrases of notes and intonation). It is called Janatodi in Muthuswami Dikshitar school of Carnatic music.''Sri Muthuswami Dikshitar Keertanaigal'' by Vidwan A Sundaram Iyer, Pub. 1989, Music Book Publishers, Mylapore, Chennai Its Western equivalent is the

Phrygian mode The Phrygian mode (pronounced ) can refer to three different musical modes: the ancient Greek ''tonos'' or ''harmonia,'' sometimes called Phrygian, formed on a particular set of octave species or scales; the Medieval Phrygian mode, and the modern ...

. Todi in Carnatic music is different from '' Todi (thaat)'' of Hindustani music (North Indian classical music). The equivalent of the Hindustani raga ''Todi'' in Carnatic music is '' Shubhapantuvarali'' (which is the 45th ''melakarta'').''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras The equivalent of Carnatic ''Todi'' in Hindustani is '' Bhairavi thaat'' in terms of notes, but the two sound very different due to differing uses of gamakas.

Structure and Lakshana

It is the 2nd rāgam in the 2nd ''chakra Netra''. The mnemonic name is ''Netra-Sri''. The mnemonic phrase is ''sa ra gi ma pa dha ni''. Its ''ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa'' structure is as follows (see ''swaras'' in Carnatic music page for details on below notation and terms): * ārohaṇa : * avarohaṇa : This scale uses the notes ''shuddha rishabham, sadharana gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, shuddha dhaivatham'' and ''kaisiki nishadham''. It is a ''sampoorna'' rāgam - rāgam having all 7 '' swarams''. It is the ''shuddha madhyamam'' equivalent of ''

Bhavapriya Bhavapriya (meaning ''The one dear to Bhava (Shiva)'') is a ragam (musical scale) in Carnatic music (South Indian classical music). It is the 44th ''Melakarta'' rāgam in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system of Carnatic music. It is called Bhavā ...

'', which is the 44th ''melakarta'' scale. A peculiarity of this raga is that it is sung in all lower notes. It is also classified as a "rakti" raga (a raga of high melodic content).

''Janya'' rāgams

''Hanumatodi'' has a quite a few '' janya'' rāgams (derived scales) associated with it, of which '' Asaveri'', '' Janatodi'', '' Dhanyasi'', '' Punnagavarali'' and ''Shuddha Seemanthini'' are popular. See List of ''janya'' rāgams for all of ''Todi's janyas''.

Popular compositions

Most composers have composed songs in ''Todi''. Thyagaraja alone has composed about 32 compositions in this raga with each composition starting at every single note of the three octaves. Thāye Yashoda, composed by Oottukkadu Venkata Kavi, is a very well known composition, in the Tamil language. This popular '' kriti'' is sung frequently in concerts. A popular '' varnam'' in the ''Todi'' rāgam is ''Erā Nāpai'' by

Patnam Subramania Iyer Patnam Subramania Iyer (1845 – July 31, 1902) was a composer and singer of Carnatic music. Subramaniya Iyer followed the traditions of the great composer Tyagaraja. He has left behind almost one hundred compositions. Subramaniya Iyer was bor ...

, one of the famous composers of Carnatic music. Other popular compositions are: * ''Era Na Pai'' an Aadi thala varnam by

* ''Daani Samajendra'', ''Saridisavasa'' (Varnams) by Swathi Thirunal * ''Kādhanu vāriki'', ''Dācu kovalena'', ''Proddupoyenu'', ''Dasarathi Nee Runamu'', ''Aragimpave'', ''Raju Vedale'', ''Endu daginado'', ''Chesinadella'', ''Koluvamaregada'', ''Nee vanti daivamu sadanana'' and ''Gati Neevani'' by Thyagaraja * ''Sarasijanabha Murare'', ''Devadevamam Palaya'', ''Japatha Japatha'', ''Devadeva Mam Palayamam'', ''Mandara Dhara'', ''Pankajaksha Tava Sevam'', ''Samodam Kalayami'' by Swathi Thirunal * ''Shri Krishnam Bhajamaanasa'', ''Daakshayani'',''Shri Subramanyomam Rakshatu'' and ''Kamalambike'' by Muthuswami Dikshitar * ''Raave Himagiri Kumari'', ''Karunanidhi Ilalo'' by Syama Sastri * ''Kangalidyatako'' by Sripadaraja * ''Enu Dhanyalo Lakumi'', ''Banda nodi Govinda'', ''Ninna Nodi Dhanyanadeno'' by Purandara Dasa * ''Sharadeye Karuna Varidhi'' Ny Vijaya Dasa * ''Gajananam Ganapathim'' by Jayachamarajendra Wodeyar * ''Kārthikeya Gangeya'' and ''Thamatham aen swami'' by Papanasam Sivan * ''Paradevathe Nin Pada Bhajanam'' by Irayimman Thampi *'' varnam ''miinakshi niidu'' by gnanananda teertha (ogirala veera raghava sarma) *''SarasijanAbha MurArE'' by Swati Tirunal* *'' kriti ''kamakshi sada'' by gnanananda teertha (ogirala veera raghava sarma) * ''Anjaneyam upasmahe'' by Bellary M. Sheshagiri Acharya * ''Ninne namminanu'' by Shyama Shastri * ''Notru Suvargam'' part of the Thiruppavai by

Andal Andal ( ta, ஆண்டாள்), also known as Kothai, Nachiyar, and Godadevi, was the only female Alvar among the twelve Hindu poet-saints of South India. She was posthumously considered an avatar of the goddess Bhudevi. As with the Alv ...

* ''Sudha Nidhe Mamava Sadha'' by

Balamurali Krishna Mangalampalli Balamuralikrishna (6 July 1930 – 22 November 2016) was an Indian Carnatic vocalist, musician, multi-instrumentalist, playback singer, composer, and character actor. He was awarded the Madras Music Academy's Sangeetha Kalanidhi in ...

Film Songs

Language: Tamil

Related rāgams

''Todi's'' notes when shifted using ''

Graha bhedam ''Graha Bhedam'' in Carnatic music is the process (or result of the process) of shifting the Tonic note (''śruti'') to another note in the rāgam and arriving at a different rāgam. Its equivalent in Hindustani classical music is called a ''mur ...

'', yields 5 other major ''melakarta'' rāgams, namely, ''

Kalyani Kalyani may refer to: Film and television * ''Kalyani'' (1940 film), a Hindi film * ''Kalyani'' (1952 film), a Tamil film * ''Kalyani'' (1971 film), a Kannada film * ''Kalyani'' (1979 film), a Telugu film * ''Kalyani'' (1983 film), an Oriya ...

'', '' Shankarabharanam'', ''

Natabhairavi Naṭabhairavi is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 20th ''melakarta'' rāgam in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system. It corresponds to the Natural minor scale of western music system. Natabhaira ...

'', ''

Kharaharapriya Kharaharapriya is a rāga in Carnatic music. It is the 22nd ''melakarta'' rāga (parent scale) in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāga system. It is possible that the name of the ragam was originally ''Harapriya'' but it was changed to conform to the K ...

'' and ''

Harikambhoji Harikambhoji (pronounced harikāmbhōji) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 28th ''Melakarta'' rāgam (parent scale) in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system. One of the first scales employed b ...

''. For further details and an illustration of ''graha bhedam'' of this rāgam refer related rāgams section in Shankarabharanam page.

Notes

References

{{Janya, state=collapsed Melakarta ragas