The University of Groningen (abbreviated as UG; nl, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, abbreviated as RUG) is a

public In public relations and communication science, publics are groups of individual people, and the public (a.k.a. the general public) is the totality of such groupings. This is a different concept to the sociological concept of the ''Öffentlichkei ...

research university A research university or a research-intensive university is a university that is committed to research as a central part of its mission. They are the most important sites at which knowledge production occurs, along with "intergenerational kno ...

of more than 30,000 students in the city of

Groningen Groningen (; gos, Grunn or ) is the capital city and main municipality of Groningen province in the Netherlands. The ''capital of the north'', Groningen is the largest place as well as the economic and cultural centre of the northern part of t ...

in the

Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...

. Founded in 1614, the university is the second oldest in the country (after

Leiden Leiden (; in English and archaic Dutch also Leyden) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. The municipality of Leiden has a population of 119,713, but the city forms one densely connected agglomeration wit ...

) and one of the most traditional and prestigious universities in the Netherlands. The institution has been consistently ranked among the top 100 universities in the world, according to leading ranking tables. In the 2022 Aggregate Ranking of Top Universities, RUG is ranked fourth in the Netherlands. The University of Groningen has eleven faculties, nine

graduate school Postgraduate or graduate education refers to Academic degree, academic or professional degrees, certificates, diplomas, or other qualifications pursued by higher education, post-secondary students who have earned an Undergraduate education, un ...

s, 27 research centres and institutes, and more than 175-degree programmes. The university's alumni and faculty include Johann Bernoulli,

Aletta Jacobs Aletta Henriëtte Jacobs (; 9 February 1854 – 10 August 1929) was a Dutch physician and women's suffrage activist. As the first woman officially to attend a Dutch university, she became one of the first female physicians in the Netherlands. I ...

, four

Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfr ...

winners, nine

Spinoza Prize The Spinoza Prize ( nl, Spinozapremie) is an annual award of 2.5 million euro, to be spent on new research given by the Dutch Research Council (NWO). The award is the highest scientific award in the Netherlands. It is named after the philosopher ...

winners, one

Stevin Prize Simon Stevin (; 1548–1620), sometimes called Stevinus, was a Flemish mathematician, scientist and music theorist. He made various contributions in many areas of science and engineering, both theoretical and practical. He also translated vario ...

winner, various members of the Dutch royal family, several politicians, the first president of the

European Central Bank The European Central Bank (ECB) is the prime component of the monetary Eurosystem and the European System of Central Banks (ESCB) as well as one of seven institutions of the European Union. It is one of the world's Big Four (banking)#Intern ...

, and a secretary general of

NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two No ...

History

The institution was founded as a college in 1614 in an initiative taken by the Regional Assembly of the city of

and the ''

Ommelanden The Ommelanden (; ) are the parts of Groningen province that surround Groningen city. Usually mentioned as synonym for the province in the expression ("city and surrounding lands"). The area was Frisian-speaking, but under the influence of th ...

'', or surrounding region. There were four faculties – Theology, Law, Medicine, and Philosophy. The

coat of arms A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the latter two being outer garments). The coat of arms on an escutcheon forms the central ele ...

of the university was confirmed by The Estates of the City and County of Groningen in 1615. It consists of the provincial arms, charged with an open book inscribed with the abbreviated words VER/BVM/DNI LV/CER/NA, short for ''Verbum Domini Lucerna Pedibus Nostris''. The shield is surmounted by a golden crown of five leaves and four pearls. In the first 75 years of its existence about 100 students enrolled every year. Almost half of the students and lecturers came from outside the Netherlands – the first ''rector magnificus'',

Ubbo Emmius Ubbo Emmius (5 December 15479 December 1625) was a German historian and geographer. Early life Ubbo Emmius was born on 5 December 1547 in Greetsiel, East Frisia. From the ages of 9 to 18 Emmius studied in a Latin school, before having to leave on ...

, came from

East Frisia East Frisia or East Friesland (german: Ostfriesland; ; stq, Aastfräislound) is a historic region in the northwest of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is primarily located on the western half of the East Frisian peninsula, to the east of West Frisia ...

in modern-day Germany, for instance – but at the same time there was already a close relationship between the University and the city and the surrounding region. The development of the University came to a standstill at the end of the seventeenth and during the eighteenth century because of theological differences of opinion, a difficult relationship with the Regional Assembly and political problems that included the siege of the city by ‘''Bommen Berend''’ in 1672. On average two to three hundred students were registered with the University at any one time during this period. Academiegebouw Groningen 1858

During the French occupation between 1775 and 1814 the University of Groningen was administrated by the Imperial University of Paris. Unlike Leiden University, it was not shut down and the institute was renamed Imperial University of Groningen (''Keizerlijke Universiteit Groningen''). During this time period, it remained the only open university in the

Kingdom of Holland The Kingdom of Holland ( nl, Holland (contemporary), (modern); french: Royaume de Hollande) was created by Napoleon Bonaparte, overthrowing the Batavian Republic in March 1806 in order to better control the Netherlands. Since becoming Emperor ...

. In 1815 after the Napoleonic Wars, at the same time as Leiden and Utrecht, the university gained recognition as a national college of higher education, but this was followed by discussions about closure. The situation improved when a new main university building, the Academiegebouw, was constructed in 1850, a building that was largely financed by the people of Groningen. A fire completely destroyed the building in 1906. In the meantime, the Higher Education Act of 1876 had radically improved the position of the university, which was renamed the "''Rijksuniversiteit Groningen''" (RUG). Teaching took place in Dutch and Latin and the university was given a research as well as an educational duty. 090529 Academiegebouw Groningen NL

The University of Groningen developed during the first decades of the twentieth century. The number of faculties and courses grew steadily while the number of students grew rapidly. When the university celebrated its first 300 years in 1914 there were 611 registered students; this had grown to 1,000 by 1924. After a drop back during the Depression, and in particular during the Second World War, the number of students grew rapidly from 1945 to reach 20,000 in 1994. In recent times there are about 32,700 students registered at the University of Groningen with the number of foreign students again growing steadily, and following the tradition set by the first Rector Magnificus, the number of German students and researchers has grown strongly in recent years. In March 2015, the RUG signed an agreement with the

China Agricultural University China Agricultural University (CAU, ; abbreviated as 农大) is a public research university in Beijing, People's Republic of China specializing in agriculture, biology, engineering, veterinary medicine, economics, management, humanities and soc ...

to establish a campus in the Chinese city of

Yantai Yantai, Postal Map Romanization, formerly romanization of Chinese, known as Chefoo, is a coastal prefecture-level city on the Shandong Peninsula in northeastern Shandong province of People's Republic of China. Lying on the southern coast of ...

. This would have made the RUG the first Dutch university to open a campus in China. The plan was heavily criticised, mainly due to worries about the restriction of academic freedom caused by censorship in China. In January 2018, the plans were cancelled by the Executive Board of the UG, based on the "insufficient support for the project".

Facts and figures

Key facts and figures about the University of Groningen are: * The university, as of 2020, has 34,000 students enrolled in various programs from the undergraduate level up to doctorate students. This includes 8,250 international students. * The university currently has 3,600 individuals in its academic staff. The UMCG included, a third of the academic staff is international. * 425

full professor Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an academic rank at universities and other post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin as a "person who professes". Professors ...

s * 45+ bachelor's degree programmes (35+ bachelor's degree programmes are taught in English) * 120+ master's degree programmes taught in English * 40+ research master's and top programmes * 11 faculties (one in the Frisian capital of Leeuwarden), nine graduate schools * 140,000 alumni * 120+ nationalities * 8,000 research publications * 4,350 PhD candidates (51% international) * 1.0 billion EUR budget * Research grants from the Dutch Research Council (NWO): 14 starting grants (Veni), 5 experienced research grants (Vidi) and 4 senior research grants (Vici) awarded in 2020 * Research grants from the

European Research Council The European Research Council (ERC) is a public body for funding of scientific and technological research conducted within the European Union (EU). Established by the European Commission in 2007, the ERC is composed of an independent Scientific ...

(ERC): 1 Starting Grant, 1 Consolidator Grant, 3 Advanced Grants and 1 Proof of Concept Grant awarded in 2020 * 18 patent applications in 2020 StudentenRUG

The university operates under the BSA system, under which a first year undergraduate (bachelor) student must achieve a certain number of ECTS in order to progress to the second year. This varies from 30 ECTS to 45 ECTS among various degrees. The University of Groningen is a member of the so-called Excellence Group of universities in Europe. The Excellence Group has 56 members, which is 1.3 percent of the approximately 4,500 European institutions of higher education. * The University of Groningen belongs to the top 100 large comprehensive research universities in the world. * On the 2021 ranking list, the University of Groningen ranked 80th place in the

Times Higher Education World University Rankings The ''Times Higher Education World University Rankings'' (often referred to as the THE Rankings) is an annual publication of university rankings by the ''Times Higher Education'' (THE) magazine. The publisher had collaborated with Quacquarelli ...

. * According to the 2019 U.S. News & World Report the Faculty of Economics and Business ranks as 3rd in The Netherlands, 10th in Europe and 32nd in the world for Economics and Business.Global University Rankings
retrieved 4 April 2015 * The University ranked 64 in the

Academic Ranking of World Universities The ''Academic Ranking of World Universities'' (''ARWU''), also known as the Shanghai Ranking, is one of the annual publications of world university rankings. The league table was originally compiled and issued by Shanghai Jiao Tong University ...

(ARWU) in 2021. ARWU is a global Top 500 published annually by the Shanghai Jiao Tong University. In addition to this overall score, the University falls within the global top 100 for several specific fields and subjects: Psychology (41), Clinical Medicine (51-75), Business Administration (37), Ecology (51-75). * The University was ranked 73rd in the world in 2019 by the National Taiwan University that publishes the Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities. * The University currently holds the 14th position in the European ranking (85 worldwide) of Webometrics. *The University was ranked 3rd place in the UI GreenMetric World University Ranking in 2021, which includes 780 universities. UI GreenMetric World University Rankings was launched by

Universitas Indonesia The University of Indonesia ( id, Universitas Indonesia, abbreviated as UI) is a public university in Depok, West Java and Salemba, Jakarta, Indonesia. It is one of the oldest tertiary-level educational institutions in Indonesia (known as the Dut ...

(UI) to focus awareness on sustainability in university policy-making. Universities are ranked in the basis of self-reported data in the areas of Setting and Infrastructure, Energy and Climate Change, Waste, Water, Transportation, and Education and Research. *From 2019 to 2020, the University was ranked 91st place in

the Centre for World University Rankings ''The'' () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things that are already or about to be mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in E ...

(CWUR). *In 2019, Times Higher Education introduced a new ranking: the Europe Teaching Rankings. The University was ranked 26th place, which includes more than 200 universities. This new ranking focusses on higher education institutions' teaching quality and learning environments for students. *The University was ranked 1st in The Netherlands by U-Multirank (UMR)in 2019. UMR was developed by a consortium consisting of the Centre for Higher Education Policy Studies (CHEPS) in Twente, the Centre for Higher Education (CHE) in Germany and the Centre for Science and Technology Studies (CWTS) in Leiden. The University achieved the highest score on 16 indicators that include International Orientation dimension, Research and Knowledge Transfer. * The Faculty of Economics and Business is accredited by both AACSB and EQUIS. * The RUG has its own newspaper: the ''Universiteitskrant''. The university's Center for Information Technology (CIT) houses an IBM

Blue Gene/L Blue Gene is an IBM project aimed at designing supercomputers that can reach operating speeds in the petaFLOPS (PFLOPS) range, with low power consumption. The project created three generations of supercomputers, Blue Gene/L, Blue Gene/P, ...

supercomputer A supercomputer is a computer with a high level of performance as compared to a general-purpose computer. The performance of a supercomputer is commonly measured in floating-point operations per second ( FLOPS) instead of million instructions ...

and data center of

Target Target may refer to: Physical items * Shooting target, used in marksmanship training and various shooting sports ** Bullseye (target), the goal one for which one aims in many of these sports ** Aiming point, in field artillery, fi ...

used by the LOFAR project as well as a Virtual Reality and 3D-visualisation center.

Organisation

The RUG has 6,250 employees. The university library was renovated between 2013 and 2017. The RUG has a branch in Leeuwarden. Plans to establish a "branch campus" in China's Yantai were called off in January 2018, and the University Museum is now in the process of being established. The University of Groningen is represented in the Academic Heritage Foundation, a foundation that aims to preserve university collections and cultural treasures.

Faculties

The University of Groningen is organized in eleven faculties that offer programmes and courses in the fields of humanities, social sciences, law, economics and business, spatial sciences, life sciences, and natural sciences and technology. Each faculty (''cf.'', College in the USA or School in Europe) is a formal grouping of academic degree programmes, schools and institutes, discipline areas, research centres, and/or any combination of these drawn together for educational purposes. Each faculty offers Bachelor's, Master's, PhD, and Exchange programmes, while some also offer short certificate courses. Since 2014, the RUG also has a partly independent

liberal arts college A liberal arts college or liberal arts institution of higher education is a college with an emphasis on undergraduate study in liberal arts and sciences. Such colleges aim to impart a broad general knowledge and develop general intellectual capac ...

University College Groningen University College Groningen (UCG) is a public liberal arts college based in Groningen, the Netherlands. The college offers a bachelor's degree in liberal arts education, liberal arts and sciences. Established in 2014, the college currently has app ...

(UCG). * Faculty of Economics and Business * Faculty of Arts * Faculty of Law * Faculty of Theology and Religious Studies * Faculty of Philosophy * Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences * Faculty of Medical Sciences * Faculty of Science and Engineering * Faculty of

Spatial Sciences Geomatics is defined in the ISO/TC 211 series of standards as the "discipline concerned with the collection, distribution, storage, analysis, processing, presentation of geographic data or geographic information". Under another definition, it ...

National Cooperation

*Exposome-NL, Dutch consortium cooperating in the field of exposome research.

International Cooperation

The University of Groningen engages in many types of international cooperation throughout both teaching and research. The main networks and partners of the university are: *Enlight, an alliance of nine European universities, The Guild of European research-intensive universities and the

Coimbra group The Coimbra Group (CG) is an international association of 41 universities in Europe. It was established in 1985. It works for the benefit of its members by promoting "internationalization, academic collaboration, excellence in learning and resear ...

, a network of 37 long established European multidisciplinary universities. *Strategic partnerships (academic connection): Universität Hamburg (UHH) and

Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg The Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg (german: Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg) is a university located in Oldenburg, Germany. It is one of the most important and highly regarded educational facilities in northwestern Germany ...

*Global strategic partnerships:

Nanyang Technological University The Nanyang Technological University (NTU) is a national research university in Singapore. It is the second oldest autonomous university in the country and is considered as one of the most prestigious universities in the world by various inte ...

(Singapore),

Osaka University , abbreviated as , is a public research university located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. It is one of Japan's former Imperial Universities and a Designated National University listed as a "Top Type" university in the Top Global University Project. ...

(Japan),

Macquarie University Macquarie University ( ) is a public research university based in Sydney, Australia, in the suburb of Macquarie Park. Founded in 1964 by the New South Wales Government, it was the third university to be established in the metropolitan area of S ...

(Australia), Universitas Gadjah Mada (Indonesia),

Universidad de Antioquia The University of Antioquia ( es, Universidad de Antioquia), also called UdeA, is a public, departmental, coeducational, research university located primarily in the city of Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia, with regional campuses in Amalfi, Andes ...

(Colombia), Universidad de Chile (Chile), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (Mexico),

Universidade de São Paulo The Universiade is an international multi-sport event, organized for university athletes by the International University Sports Federation (FISU). The name is a portmanteau of the words "University" and "Olympiad". The Universiade is referred t ...

(Brazil), Stellenbosch University (South Africa)

Campus

The various faculties are housed around the city. Most of the faculties- including the faculties of Law, Arts and Philosophy are located in and around the city center. The university's original building, which acts as the main administrative building, lies exactly in the center of the city at the ''Broerstraat''. The faculty of medical sciences is located close by at the

University Medical Center Groningen The University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG, nl, Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen), formerly Groningen University Hospital, is the main hospital in Groningen, Netherlands. The medical centre is affiliated with the University of Groninge ...

(UMCG). The Faculties of Economics and Business, Spatial Sciences, and Science and Engineering are housed in the northern outskirts of the city, at the Zernike Campus, named after

winner Frits Zernike. The Zernike campus is also shared by the Hanze University of Applied Sciences, the other big university in the city, making the total number of students studying there around 40,000. The university has libraries in three locations: the main one at the city center, one in the Duisenberg building in Zernike Campus, and one in the faculty of medicine, that includes a vast array of books and online material for students. The library at the city center also has a

Starbucks Starbucks Corporation is an American multinational chain of coffeehouses and roastery reserves headquartered in Seattle, Washington. It is the world's largest coffeehouse chain. As of November 2021, the company had 33,833 stores in 80 c ...

on its premises. The university has also recently opened another campus in Leeuwarden, Friesland, referred to as "Campus Fryslân", that offers multiple disciplines in both undergraduate and postgraduate levels.

Student life

The city of Groningen is known as the student city of the Netherlands; around one-third of the city's residents are students at either The University of Groningen or at the Hanze University of Applied Sciences. The university, through ACLO, offers a wide range of sporting activities, and courses. Almost each sport has its own association, and offers the use of its facilities at discount rates for students. The university also has multiple student societies that organize social events for its members, as well as student and study associations, that are mostly concerned with specific faculties and courses. The use of

bicycle A bicycle, also called a pedal cycle, bike or cycle, is a human-powered or motor-powered assisted, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other. A is called a cyclist, or bicyclist. Bic ...

s as the means for transport is particularly prevalent for locals and students alike, and has integrated, labelled bike paths from the city center to Zernike. The city is popularly referred to as "The World Cycling City" because of this.

Student housing

The University of Groningen does not have student accommodation. It does, however, offer students with accommodation via

SSH Student Housing The Secure Shell Protocol (SSH) is a cryptographic network protocol for operating network services securely over an unsecured network. Its most notable applications are remote login and command-line execution. SSH applications are based on a ...

, which operates student houses in various locations in Groningen, and various other cities within the Netherlands. A significant number of students live in private accommodations within the city, however, a recent addition to the housing options for students is

The Student Hotel The Social Hub (TSH) formerly known as The Student Hotel is a hybrid hospitality brand, offering spaces that combine student accommodation, hotel, extended stay rooms, co-working facilities, meeting and event spaces, restaurant, bars and gyms, al ...

as well. In an effort to combat the annual housing shortage, the city of Groningen has incentivized the construction of short-term accommodation such as The Village which is made of shipping containers for international students. The Dutch government has strict laws for private accommodations for both tenants (students) and the landlords, so that fair rent prices, and renting conditions can be maintained. In 2018, the university received national attention due to the housing crisis in the city of Groningen. Due to the fact that most incoming students at the university are primarily from other parts of the country, or the world, there has been a lack of housing options for students. Especially in the fall semester of 2021 the housing crisis hit its peak with hundreds of students reportedly not having any accommodation and resorting to emergency shelters. The housing shorting evoked a protest in the city centre which culminated in the Academy building being temporarily occupied by students to put pressure on the city to extend emergency housing.

Research

In 2019, 708 PhD students were admitted to a PhD programme (compared to 816 in 2018). Around 50% of the admitted PhD students came from abroad. In 2019, a total of 546 PhDs took place, 22 of them cum laude. The national share was thus around 11%.

Research schools, centres and institutes

Humanities and Social Sciences * Center for Language and Cognition Groningen (CLCG) * Centre for Religion and Heritage *Centre for Religion, Conflict and Globalization (CRCG) *Centre Religion, Health and Wellbeing *CRASIS, Culture, Religion and Society in Graeco-Roman Antiquity *Globalisation Studies Groningen (GSG) * Groningen Institute of Archeology (GIA) * Groningen Institute for Educational research (GION) * Groningen Research Institute of Philosophy (GRIPH) * Groningen Research Institute for the Study of Culture (ICOG) * Heymans Institute *Institute of Indian Studies * Interuniversity Center for Social Science Theory and Methodology (ICS) *Qumran Institute * Urban and Regional Studies Institute (URSI) Law * Centre for Law, Administration and Society (CRBS) * Groningen Centre of Energy Law (GCEL) Economics & Business * SOM research institute Life Sciences * Research School of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences (BCN) / UMCG * Research Institute BCN-BRAIN / UMCG * Cancer Research Center Groningen (CRCG) / UMCG * Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES) * Groningen University Institute for Drug Exploration (GUIDE) / UMCG * Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology (GBB) * Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP) * Science in Healthy Ageing and healthcaRE (SHARE), UMCG * W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science / UMCG Science and Engineering * Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence * ENTEG - Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen * ESRIG - Energy and Sustainability Research Institute Groningen * GBB - Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute * GELIFES - Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences * GRIP - Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy * ISEC - Institute for Science Education and Communication *

Kapteyn Astronomical Institute The Kapteyn Astronomical Institute is the department of astronomy of the University of Groningen The University of Groningen (abbreviated as UG; nl, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, abbreviated as RUG) is a Public university#Continental Europe, pu ...

* Stratingh Institute for Chemistry * Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and Gravity *

Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials The Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials is the department of nanoscience and materials science of the University of Groningen in the Netherlands. The institute is named after the Dutch Nobel prize winner Frits Zernike, famous for his developm ...

(ZIAM)

Graduate schools

The University of Groningen's Graduate Schools are organized somewhat different from its international counterparts. The main difference is that the Graduate Schools do not contain all Master's programmes; Graduate Schools manage and facilitate the two-year Master's programmes: top master's degree programmes and Research master's degree programmes. * Graduate School of Behavioural and Social Sciences * Graduate School of Economics and Business * Graduate School of Humanities * Graduate School of Law * Graduate School of Medical Sciences * Graduate School of Philosophy * Graduate School of Science * Graduate School of Spatial Sciences * Graduate School of Theology and Religious Studies

Notable alumni

Notable alumni of the University of Groningen include: *

Annemarie, Duchess of Parma Princess Annemarie of Bourbon-Parma, Duchess of Parma and Piacenza (née Gualthérie van Weezel; born 18 December 1977) is a Dutch consultant, former journalist, and a member of the House of Bourbon-Parma and the Dutch Royal Family. She is the ...

, journalist, consultant, and member of the Dutch royal family *

Hans van Abeelen Hans van Abeelen (20 November 1936 – 21 August 1998) was the first Dutch behaviour geneticist. He obtained his M.Sc from the University of Groningen and his Ph.D. from the Catholic University of Nijmegen in 1965, where he stayed for the ...

, first Dutch behavior geneticist *

Johann Heinrich Alting Johann Heinrich Alting (17 February 1583 – 25 August 1644), German divine, was born at Emden, where his father, Menso Alting (1541–1612), was minister. Heinrich studied with great success at the University of Groningen and the Herborn Academ ...

, theologian *

Gerbrand Bakker Gerbrand Bakker may refer to: * Gerbrand Bakker (physician) (1771–1828), Dutch physician and professor * Gerbrand Bakker (novelist) Gerbrand Bakker (born 28 April 1962) is a Dutch writer. He won the International Dublin Literary Award for ''Th ...

, early 19th century physician *

Bart Becht Lambertus Johannes Hermanus "Bart" Becht (born 29 July 1956) is a Dutch businessman. An executive with more than 35 years of business experience working with consumer brands, Becht is the former Chief Executive Officer of Reckitt, which he led from ...

, former CEO of

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* Johan van Benthem, logician *

Maarten van den Bergh Maarten Albert van den Bergh (born 19 April 1942 in New York City) is a Dutch businessman. Van den Bergh is the son of Maria Meijers (1905–1957) and Sidney James van den Bergh, long-term chairman of Unilever and Dutch Minister of Defense in ...

, former Chairman of

Lloyds TSB Lloyds Bank plc is a British retail and commercial bank with branches across England and Wales. It has traditionally been considered one of the " Big Four" clearing banks. Lloyds Bank is the largest retail bank in Britain, and has an exten ...

, named the most powerful businessman in

Great Britain Great Britain is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe. With an area of , it is the largest of the British Isles, the largest European island and the ninth-largest island in the world. It is ...

in 2005 by

The Times ''The Times'' is a British daily national newspaper based in London. It began in 1785 under the title ''The Daily Universal Register'', adopting its current name on 1 January 1788. ''The Times'' and its sister paper ''The Sunday Times'' (fou ...

* Johann Bernoulli, mathematician *

Bart Bok Bartholomeus Jan "Bart" Bok (April 28, 1906 – August 5, 1983) was a Dutch-American astronomer, teacher, and lecturer. He is best known for his work on the structure and evolution of the Milky Way galaxy, and for the discovery of Bok globules, ...

astronomer An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who focuses their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth. They observe astronomical objects such as stars, planets, natural satellite, moons, comets and galaxy, g ...

Marc Bolland Marc Bolland (born 28 March 1959) is a Dutch businessman, who was the CEO of Marks & Spencer, after having been CEO of UK supermarket company Morrisons. Biography Early life He received a bachelor's degree from the Hotelschool The Hague, and t ...

, former CEO of

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Dolf van den Brink Dolf van den Brink (born 1973) is the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Executive Board at Heineken N.V. Career Dolf van den Brink is the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Executive Board at Heineken N.V. since 1 June 2020. H ...

, CEO of Heineken USA *

Corina Brussaard Corina Brussaard is a leading scientist for Antarctic viral ecology working for the Royal Institute of Sea Research (NIOZ) and is a Special Professor of Viral Ecology at the Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics of the University of ...

, Antarctic researcher in viral ecology and phytoplankton *

Anita Buma Anita Gerry Johanna Buma (born 1958) is a Dutch Antarctic researcher, best known for her work on ecophysiology of marine microalgae. She was the first Dutch female researcher in Antarctica. Early life and education Buma obtained her Biology mast ...

, Antarctic researcher in marine ecophysiology *

Turtle Bunbury James Bunbury (born 21 February 1972), known as Turtle Bunbury, is an Irish author, historian, and television presenter. He has published a number of books such as the ''Vanishing Ireland'' series, ''Easter Dawn -The 1916 Rising'', ''The Glori ...

, Irish historian and author * James Burnett *

Job Cohen Marius Job Cohen (; born 18 October 1947) is a retired Dutch politician and jurist who served as Mayor of Amsterdam from 2001 to 2010 and Leader of the Labour Party (PvdA) from 2010 to 2012. Cohen studied Law at the University of Groningen obt ...

, former mayor of

Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the Capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population ...

and former leader of the

Dutch Labour Party The Labour Party ( nl, Partij van de Arbeid, , abbreviated as ''PvdA'', or ''P van de A'', ) is a social-democratic political party in the Netherlands. The party was founded in 1946 as a merger of the Social Democratic Workers' Party, the Free ...

Lex van Dam Lex van Dam (born Drachten, Netherlands in June 1968) is a Dutch investment manager, investor, and writer specialising in trading in equities, currencies and financial derivatives. He lives in London. Born in a small town in Friesland, van Dam s ...

, hedge fund manager, featured on '' Million Dollar Traders'' on

BBC2 BBC Two is a British free-to-air public broadcast television network owned and operated by the BBC. It covers a wide range of subject matter, with a remit "to broadcast programmes of depth and substance" in contrast to the more mainstream an ...

Wim Duisenberg Willem Frederik "Wim" Duisenberg (; 9 July 1935 – 31 July 2005) was a Dutch politician and economist who served as President of the European Central Bank from 1 June 1998 until 31 October 2003. He was a member of the Labour Party (PvdA). Du ...

, first president of the

Frankfurt Frankfurt, officially Frankfurt am Main (; Hessian: , "Frank ford on the Main"), is the most populous city in the German state of Hesse. Its 791,000 inhabitants as of 2022 make it the fifth-most populous city in Germany. Located on its na ...

studied at UG and obtained his PhD on the economics of

disarmament Disarmament is the act of reducing, limiting, or abolishing weapons. Disarmament generally refers to a country's military or specific type of weaponry. Disarmament is often taken to mean total elimination of weapons of mass destruction, such as n ...

, founder of the University of Groningen and first rector magnificus *

Ben Feringa Bernard Lucas Feringa (, born 18 May 1951) is a Dutch synthetic organic chemist, specializing in molecular nanotechnology and homogeneous catalysis. He is the Jacobus van 't Hoff Distinguished Professor of Molecular Sciences, at the Stratingh ...

Nobel Prize in Chemistry ) , image = Nobel Prize.png , alt = A golden medallion with an embossed image of a bearded man facing left in profile. To the left of the man is the text "ALFR•" then "NOBEL", and on the right, the text (smaller) "NAT•" then "M ...

in 2016 for his work on molecular motors, professor of Chemistry * Pim Fortuyn,

lecturer Lecturer is an List of academic ranks, academic rank within many universities, though the meaning of the term varies somewhat from country to country. It generally denotes an academic expert who is hired to teach on a full- or part-time basis. T ...

, later politician and founder of the

Pim Fortuyn List The Pim Fortuyn List ( nl, Lijst Pim Fortuyn, LPF) was a political party in the Netherlands named after its eponymous founder Pim Fortuyn, a former university professor and political columnist. The party was considered populist, right-wing popul ...

(and assassinated in 2002) *

Willem Frederik Hermans Willem Frederik Hermans (1 September 1921 – 27 April 1995) was a Dutch author of poetry, novels, short stories, plays, as well as book-length studies, essays, and literary criticism. His most famous works are ''The House of Refuge'' (novella, ...

, lecturer and writer *

Gerardus Heymans Gerardus Heymans (17 April 1857, Ferwert – 18 February 1930, Groningen) was a Dutch philosopher and psychologist.Hubbeling, H. G. (2013). Gerardus Heijmans (1857-1930). In ''Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland.'' https://resources.huygens ...

, philosopher and psychologist *

Jack Hoeksema Jacob "Jack" Hoeksema (born 30 October 1956 in Groningen) is a linguist and professor in the Department of Dutch Language and Culture with a specialities in semantics, morphology, and historical linguistics. His first degree was in Dutch literature ...

, linguist and professor in the Department of Dutch Language and Culture * , jurist, attorney-general of Suriname and acting governor *

Peter Hofstee Harm Peter Hofstee (born 1962) is a Dutch physicist and computer scientist who currently is a distinguished research staff member at IBM Austin, USA, and a part-time professor in Big Data Systems at Delft University of Technology, Netherlands. ...

, professor of

theoretical physics Theoretical physics is a branch of physics that employs mathematical models and abstractions of physical objects and systems to rationalize, explain and predict natural phenomena. This is in contrast to experimental physics, which uses experim ...

, joined IBM in 1996, currently the chief architect of the Synergistic Processor Element (SPE) of the Cell microprocessor * Johan Huizinga, historian * Niccolò Invidia, member of parliament

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical re ...

, first woman in the

to receive an MD *

Ashin Jinarakkhita Ashin Jinarakkhita (23 January 1923 – 18 April 2002), born Tee Boan-an 戴滿安 was an Indonesian-born Chinese who revived Buddhism in Indonesia. He was also known as Bhante Ashin, Tizheng Lao Heshang 體正老和尚, Teh-ching, Sukong 師� ...

, Indonesian Buddhist monk *

Klaas Knot Klaas Henderikus Willem Knot (born 14 April 1967, in Bedum, Netherlands) is a Dutch economist and central banker, who is the current President of the Dutch central bank De Nederlandsche Bank (DNB). In this capacity he also serves as a member of ...

, current President of the Dutch

central bank A central bank, reserve bank, or monetary authority is an institution that manages the currency and monetary policy of a country or monetary union, and oversees their commercial banking system. In contrast to a commercial bank, a central ba ...

De Nederlandsche Bank De Nederlandsche Bank NV (DNB) is the central bank of the Netherlands. Founded by King William I in 1814, it is part of the European System of Central Banks (ESCB). De Nederlandsche Bank is a public limited company (Dutch: '' naamloze vennoots ...

(DNB) * Jaap Kunst, ethnomusicologist (studied law) *

Wei Ji Ma Wei Ji Ma (Dutch: Whee Ky; Chinese: 马伟基) is a professor at New York University in the Department of Psychology and the Center for Neural Science. Ma focuses on the areas of perception, decision-making, and memory. He holds a PhD in theoretic ...

, professor of psychology and neuroscience * Prince Maurits van Oranje Nassau, first cousin of King

Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands Willem-Alexander (; Willem-Alexander Claus George Ferdinand; born ) is King of the Netherlands, having acceded to the throne following Beatrix of the Netherlands, his mother's abdication in 2013. Willem-Alexander was born in Utrecht as the old ...

John Nerbonne John A. Nerbonne (born October 5, 1951) is an American computational linguist. He was a professor of humanities computing at the University of Groningen until January 2017, when he gave his valedictory address at the celebration of the 30th anniv ...

, professor of humanities computing, expert in dialectology, member of the Dutch Royal Academy of Science *

Wubbo Ockels Wubbo Johannes Ockels (28 March 1946 – 18 May 2014) was a Dutch physicist and astronaut with the European Space Agency who, in 1985, became the first Dutch citizen in space when he flew on STS-61-A as a payload specialist. He later becam ...

, first Dutch

astronaut An astronaut (from the Ancient Greek (), meaning 'star', and (), meaning 'sailor') is a person trained, equipped, and deployed by a human spaceflight program to serve as a commander or crew member aboard a spacecraft. Although generally r ...

, received a PhD degree in

physics Physics is the natural science that studies matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. "Physical science is that department of knowledge which r ...

and

mathematics Mathematics is an area of knowledge that includes the topics of numbers, formulas and related structures, shapes and the spaces in which they are contained, and quantities and their changes. These topics are represented in modern mathematics ...

, 1973 *

Heike Kamerlingh Onnes Heike Kamerlingh Onnes (21 September 1853 – 21 February 1926) was a Dutch physicist and Nobel laureate. He exploited the Hampson–Linde cycle to investigate how materials behave when cooled to nearly absolute zero and later to liquefy helium f ...

, received the

Nobel Prize in Physics ) , image = Nobel Prize.png , alt = A golden medallion with an embossed image of a bearded man facing left in profile. To the left of the man is the text "ALFR•" then "NOBEL", and on the right, the text (smaller) "NAT•" then " ...

for his experiments on the properties of matter at low temperatures which made the production of liquid

helium Helium (from el, ἥλιος, helios, lit=sun) is a chemical element with the symbol He and atomic number 2. It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, inert, monatomic gas and the first in the noble gas group in the periodic table. ...

possible *

Jan Oort Jan Hendrik Oort ( or ; 28 April 1900 – 5 November 1992) was a Dutch astronomer who made significant contributions to the understanding of the Milky Way and who was a pioneer in the field of radio astronomy. His ''New York Times'' obituary ...

, astronomer *

Maria Oudeman Maria Johanna (Marjan) Oudema (born 1958) was president of Utrecht University until 2017. As of 2018, she was also a director of the Concertgebouw, the Rijksmuseum, Solvay SA, Aalberts (then Aalberts Industries) and SHV Holdings and was a direct ...

, businesswoman and former President of

Utrecht University Utrecht University (UU; nl, Universiteit Utrecht, formerly ''Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht'') is a public research university in Utrecht, Netherlands. Established , it is one of the oldest universities in the Netherlands. In 2018, it had an enrollme ...

(studied law) *

Paul Polman Paulus Gerardus Josephus Maria Polman, (born 11 July 1956) is a Dutch businessman and author. He was the chief executive officer (CEO) of the British consumer goods company Unilever. Polman is also the author of ''Net Positive: How Courageous Co ...

, CEO of

Unilever Unilever plc is a British multinational consumer goods company with headquarters in London, England. Unilever products include food, condiments, bottled water, baby food, soft drink, ice cream, instant coffee, cleaning agents, energy drink, t ...

* Johannes Jacobus Poortman, philosopher, psychologist *

Dagmar Reichardt Dagmar Reichardt (born September 25, 1961 in Rome, Italy) is a leading German scholar in the area of transcultural studies. Life Dagmar Reichardt descends from a German Huguenot family with roots extending far back in time, the first docume ...

, professor of Cultural Industry at University of Latvia * James Renwick (Covenanter) James Renwick (15 February 1662 – 17 February 1688) Scottish Covenanter * Willem de Sitter, astronomer *

Henk G. Sol Henk Gerard Sol (born 11 August 1951 in Borger, Netherlands) is a Dutch organizational theorist and Emeritus Professor of Business Engineering and ICT at Groningen University. His research focuses on the development of services enabled by ICT, man ...

, Professor Business Engineering and ICT * Dirk Stikker, Secretary General of NATO * Pieter Jelles Troelstra, lawyer, politician (early 20th century) * Wietse Venema, programmer and physicist * Roel de Vries, Global Head of Marketing at

Nissan Motor Corporation , trading as Nissan Motor Corporation and often shortened to Nissan, is a Japanese multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Nishi-ku, Yokohama, Japan. The company sells its vehicles under the Nissan, Infiniti, and Datsun brands, ...

* Clemens von Bönninghausen, lawyer, botanist, homeopathic physician * Jacques Wallage, former mayor of Groningen *

Hans Wijers Gerardus Johannes "Hans" Wijers (born 11 January 1951) is a Dutch retired politician of the Democrats 66 (D66) party, and businessman. He is the chairman of the supervisory board of ING Group since 2018. Early life After secondary school at Hog ...

, Chairman of the Supervisory Board of

ING Ing, ING or ing may refer to: Art and media * '' ...ing'', a 2003 Korean film * i.n.g, a Taiwanese girl group * The Ing, a race of dark creatures in the 2004 video game '' Metroid Prime 2: Echoes'' * "Ing", the first song on The Roches' 1992 ...

, former CEO of

AkzoNobel Akzo Nobel N.V., stylized as AkzoNobel, is a Dutch multinational company which creates paints and performance coatings for both industry and consumers worldwide. Headquartered in Amsterdam, the company has activities in more than 80 countries, ...

Paramanga Ernest Yonli Paramanga Ernest Yonli (born 31 December 1956 in Tansarga, Tapoa Province) also known as Ernest Paramanga Yonli, is a Burkinabé politician. He was Prime Minister from 6 November 2000 to 3 June 2007 and then President of the Economic and Social ...

, Prime Minister of

Burkina Faso Burkina Faso (, ; , ff, 𞤄𞤵𞤪𞤳𞤭𞤲𞤢 𞤊𞤢𞤧𞤮, italic=no) is a landlocked country in West Africa with an area of , bordered by Mali to the northwest, Niger to the northeast, Benin to the southeast, Togo and Ghana to the ...

(2000–2007), studied Economics * Frits Zernike, professor of

, received the

for his invention of the phase-contrast optical microscope in 1953. The university campus in the northern part of Groningen is named in his honour. * Epke Zonderland,

2012 Olympics The 2012 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the XXX Olympiad and also known as London 2012) was an international multi-sport event held from 27 July to 12 August 2012 in London, England, United Kingdom. The first event, the ...

gold medalist

Notable researchers

* Mineke Bosch, historian *

Cornelis de Bot Cornelis Kees de Bot (born 1951) is a Dutch linguist. He is currently the chair of applied linguistics at the University of Groningen, Netherlands, and at the University of Pannonia. He is known for his work on second language development and th ...

, linguist *

Marijn van Dijk Marijn van Dijk (born 6 August 1972) is a Dutch linguist. She is currently an Associate Professor of Developmental psychology at the Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences of the University of Groningen, Netherlands. Career van Dijk obta ...

, developmental psychologist *

Caroline van Eck Caroline Alexandra van Eck (born 22 July 1959) is a Dutch art historian and academic, specialising in the art and architecture of the early modern period. Since 2016, she has been Professor of Art History at the University of Cambridge and a Fel ...

, art historian *

Paul van Geert Paul van Geert is a Dutch linguist. He is currently a professor of developmental psychology at the University of Groningen, Netherlands. He is renowned for his work on developmental psychology and the application of dynamical systems theory in so ...

, developmental psychologist *

Wander Lowie Wander Marius Lowie (born 14 October 1959) is a Dutch people, Dutch linguist. He is currently a professor of applied linguistics at the Department of Applied Linguistics at the University of Groningen, Netherlands. He is known for his work on Comp ...

, linguist * Erik Scherder * Diederik Stapel, professor of social psychology known for fabrication of research data *

Wolfgang Stroebe Ernst Joachim Wolfgang Stroebe (born 5 May 1941) is a German social psychologist and Emeritus Professor of Social Psychology at the Utrecht University and now visiting professor at the University of Groningen, particularly known for his work on so ...

, social psychologist * Albert Szent-Györgyi, biochemist, awarded the

Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded yearly by the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute for outstanding discoveries in physiology or medicine. The Nobel Prize is not a single prize, but five separate prizes that, accord ...

in 1937 *

Marjolijn Verspoor Marjolijn Verspoor (born 1952) is a Dutch linguist. She is a professor of English language and English as a second language at the University of Groningen, Netherlands. She is known for her work on Complex Dynamic Systems Theory and the applicati ...

, linguist * Angus Maddison, British

economist An economist is a professional and practitioner in the social sciences, social science discipline of economics. The individual may also study, develop, and apply theories and concepts from economics and write about economic policy. Within this ...

* . applied physics *

, synthetic organic chemist, awarded the

in 2016 * , professor of Ethics and its history * Amina Helmi, an Argentine astronomer, and a professor of dynamics, structure and formation of the milky way * Lodi Nauta, professor of the History of Philosophy *

Cisca Wijmenga Tjitske Nienke "Cisca" Wijmenga (born 16 February 1964) is a Dutch professor of Human Genetics at the University of Groningen and the University Medical Center Groningen. She has been Rector Magnificus of the University since September 2019. Life ...

, a Dutch professor of Human Genetics *

Theunis Piersma Theunis Piersma (born 15 June 1958) is a Dutch ornithologist, ecologist, and educator. He is among the most influential ornithologists, particularly in the wader bird area, in the world. He specifically looks at waders and correlations between ...

, a Dutch professor of Global Flyway Ecology * Linda Steg, a professor of environmental psychology, and a pioneer and world leader in the field of environmental psychology *

Sijbren Otto Sybren Otto (Groningen, 3 August 1971) is Professor of Systems chemistry at the Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen. Career Otto studied chemistry at the University of Groningen and in 1994, he received his Master’s de ...

, a chemist *

Nathalie Katsonis Nathalie Helene Katsonis (born 22 February 1978 in Vienna, Austria) is a Professor of Active Molecular Systems at the Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen. In 2016 she was awarded the Royal Netherlands Chemical Society Gold ...

, chemist *

Sabeth Verpoorte Elisabeth MJ Verpoorte is a professor of microfluidics and miniaturized "lab-on-a-chip" systems in the Faculty of Science and Engineering at the University of Groningen The University of Groningen (abbreviated as UG; nl, Rijksuniversiteit G ...

professor of microfluidics and miniaturized "lab-on-a-chip" systems in the Faculty of Science and Engineering *

Jacques Zeelen J.J.M. "Jacques" Zeelen (born 1951) is Professor of Lifelong Learning and Social Intervention in the Context of Globalisation at the Faculty of Arts, University of Groningen. Zeelen is also working as an associate professor at the department of Ped ...

, professor of globalization studies and humanitarian action

References

External links

*
University of Groningen Datasets
{{DEFAULTSORT:University Of Groningen 1614 establishments in the Dutch Republic Buildings and structures in Groningen (city) Educational institutions established in the 1610s Supercomputer sites Groningen, University Of Law schools Education in the Dutch Republic

History

Facts and figures

Organisation

Faculties

National Cooperation

International Cooperation

Campus

Student life

Student housing

Research

Research schools, centres and institutes

Graduate schools

Notable alumni

Notable researchers

See also

References

Further reading

External links