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Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU; ) is a public research university in Shanghai, China. The university is funded by the Ministry of Education of China. The university was established on April 8, 1896 as Nanyang Public School (南洋公學) by an imperial edict. The university is a member of the C9 League, Double First Class University Plan, Project 985, and Project 211. The university underwent a number of reformations and gained its current name in 1959. Shanghai Second Medical University was merged into the university on July 18, 2005. Name The word "Jiao Tong" (), or historically, "Chiao Tung", means transportation or communication. It reflects the university's root — it was founded by the Ministry of Posts and Communications of the late Qing dynasty. Jiao Tong or Chiao Tung could be translated as transport but it also means "extending in all directions". Engineering and managerial sciences are major academic focuses at the various Jiaotong universities, but not ...
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Shanghai Second Medical University
The Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM, ), formerly Shanghai Second Medical University, is a public medical school in Shanghai, China. Clinical medicine of SJTUSM is consistently ranked first among medical schools nationally and #62 by the '' U.S. News & World Report'' globally. The "Clinical and health" discipline of SJTU also ranked #53 globally by Times Higher Education World University Rankings as of 2022. Its "Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences" and "Public Health" were ranked 35th and 76th in the world respectively by the Academic Ranking of World Universities. It is one of the two medical schools that received the highest ranking of "A+" in Clinical Medicine from the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China. In the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th round of evaluating disciplines in degree and graduate programs organized by the Ministry of Education from 2009 to 2018, and the comprehensive strength of various disciplines belonged to the first echelon ...
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Upper College 1920
Upper may refer to: * Shoe upper or ''vamp'', the part of a shoe on the top of the foot * Stimulant, drugs which induce temporary improvements in either mental or physical function or both * ''Upper'', the original film title for the 2013 found footage film ''The Upper Footage ''The Upper Footage'' (also known as ''Upper'') is a 2013 found footage film written and directed by Justin Cole. First released on January 31, 2013 to a limited run of midnight theatrical screenings at Landmark’s Sunshine Cinema in New York Cit ...'' See also

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Republic Of China (1912–1949)
The Republic of China (ROC), between 1912 and 1949, was a sovereign state recognised as the official designation of China when it was based on Mainland China, prior to the Retreat of the government of the Republic of China to Taiwan, relocation of Government of the Republic of China, its central government to Taiwan as a result of the Chinese Civil War. At a Population history of China, population of 541 million in 1949, it was the List of countries and dependencies by population, world's most populous country. Covering , it consisted of 35 provinces of China, provinces, 1 Special administrative regions of China#ROC special administrative regions, special administrative region, 2 regions, 12 special municipality (Republic of China), special municipalities, 14 leagues, and 4 special banners. The China, People's Republic of China (PRC), which rules mainland China today, considers ROC as a country that ceased to exist since 1949; thus, the history of ROC before 1949 is often ...
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John Calvin Ferguson
John Calvin Ferguson (; 1866–1945) was an American scholar of Chinese art, collector and procurer for American art museums, and a Chinese governmental adviser. Ferguson was the son of John Ferguson and Catherine Matilda Pomeroy (Ferguson). His father was a Methodist minister and his mother a schoolteacher. Ferguson attended Albert College in Ontario, Canada and then Boston University, where he graduated in 1886. He was ordained in the Methodist Episcopal Church and, in 1887, married Mary Elizabeth Wilson.Lawton, Thomas. "John C. Ferguson: A Fellow Feeling of Fallibility," ''Orientations'' 27 (1996): 65–76 Their son Douglas Ferguson was a sculptor and political activist. A daughter, Mary, served in the administration of the Peking Union Medical College in the 1930s. Career in China Ferguson and his new wife were posted to a Methodist mission in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, where he took up the serious study of the Chinese language, starting with classical texts, which he the ...
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Mandarin (bureaucrat)
A mandarin () was a bureaucrat scholar in the history of China, Korea and Vietnam. The term is generally applied to the officials appointed through the imperial examination system; it sometimes includes the eunuchs also involved in the governance of the above realms. History and use of the term The English term comes from the Portuguese ''mandarim'' (spelled in Old Portuguese as ''mandarin,'' ). The Portuguese word was used in one of the earliest Portuguese reports about China: letters from the imprisoned survivors of the Tomé Pires' embassy, which were most likely written in 1524, and in Castanheda's ''História do descobrimento e conquista da Índia pelos portugueses'' (c. 1559). Matteo Ricci, who entered mainland China from Portuguese Macau in 1583, also said the Portuguese used the word. The Portuguese word was thought by many to be related to ''mandador'' ("one who commands") and ''mandar'' ("to command"), from Latin ''mandare''. Modern dictionaries, however, agree ...
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Sheng Xuanhuai
Sheng Xuanhuai (; November 4, 1844 – April 27, 1916) was a Qing dynasty Chinese tycoon, politician, and educator. He founded several major banks and universities and served as Minister of Transportation of the Qing Empire. He was also known as Sheng Gongbao (). Biography Sheng was born into a family of officials, and was the eldest of six children. Sheng's father was also a close friend of General Li Hongzhang. In 1870, Li appreciated Sheng's talent, employed him as his aide and soon became his chief economic deputy. Sheng recommended that Li build more merchant ships in order to fund the military ships that the Qing government needed. Sheng's suggestion was accepted and from then on Sheng became well known for his career in ship building. Taking active part in the Self-Strengthening Movement, He actively advocated using Western technology in saving the country from destitution. His influence was mainly felt in the southern part of China, specifically in Shanghai. By 1893, ...
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Nanyang Model High School
Shanghai Nanyang Model High School (), often referred to simply as Nanmo (), is one of the oldest modern Chinese schools, founded in 1901 by Sheng Xuanhuai, Minister of Transportation of the Qing dynasty. As "the beginning of public elementary schools", the school started as the Affiliated Elementary School of Nanyang Public School (now Shanghai Jiaotong University). After over five decades of development and several name changes, in 1958, the name of the school was settled on Nanyang Model High School. Two generations of national leaders Chairman Mao Zedong and General Secretary Jiang Zemin respectively entitled the Nanmo Student Poster "Qingfeng" ("Young Pioneer") for the Hundred Year Nanmo Message, and "Four Models" – ''the Model of Curiosity, the Model of Life, the Model of Patriotism, the Model of Aggressiveness''. The school motto ''Diligence, Thrift, Devotion, Honesty'', encourages students to form an ethos of ''solid academic, simple life, sound work, stout body''. For ...
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Middle School
A middle school (also known as intermediate school, junior high school, junior secondary school, or lower secondary school) is an educational stage which exists in some countries, providing education between primary school and secondary school. The concept, regulation and classification of middle schools, as well as the ages covered, vary between and sometimes within countries. Afghanistan In Afghanistan, middle school includes grades 6, 7, and 8, consisting of students from ages 11 to 14. Algeria In Algeria, a middle school includes 4 grades: 6, 7, 8, and 9, consisting of students from ages 11–15. Argentina The of secondary education (ages 11–14) is roughly equivalent to middle school. Australia No regions of Australia have segregated middle schools, as students go directly from primary school (for years K/preparatory–6) to secondary school (years 7–12, usually referred to as high school). As an alternative to the middle school model, some secondary schools classi ...
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Normal School
A normal school or normal college is an institution created to Teacher education, train teachers by educating them in the norms of pedagogy and curriculum. In the 19th century in the United States, instruction in normal schools was at the high school level, turning out primary school teachers. Most such schools are now called teacher training colleges or teachers' colleges, currently require a high school diploma for entry, and may be part of a comprehensive university. Normal schools in the United States, Canada and Argentina trained teachers for Primary education, primary schools, while in Europe, the equivalent colleges typically educated teachers for primary schools and later extended their curricula to also cover Secondary education, secondary schools. In 1685, Jean-Baptiste de La Salle, St. Jean-Baptiste de La Salle, founder of the Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools, founded what is generally considered the first normal school, the ''École Normale'', in Rei ...
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Guangxu Emperor
The Guangxu Emperor (14 August 1871 – 14 November 1908), personal name Zaitian, was the tenth Emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the ninth Qing emperor to rule over China proper. His reign lasted from 1875 to 1908, but in practice he ruled, without Empress Dowager Cixi's influence, only from 1889 to 1898. He initiated the Hundred Days' Reform, but was abruptly stopped when the empress dowager launched a coup in 1898, after which he became powerless and was held under house arrest until his death by poisoning. His era name, "Guangxu", means "glorious succession". The emperor died in 1908 and it was widely suspected at the time that he had been poisoned. A forensic examination on his remains confirmed in 2008 that the cause of death was arsenic poisoning. The level of arsenic in his remains was 2,000 times higher than normal. Accession to the throne and upbringing Zaitian was the second son of Yixuan (Prince Chun), and his primary spouse Yehenara Wanzhen, a younger sister of ...
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Jiaotong University (other)
Jiaotong University, Jiao Tong University or Chiao Tung University () may refer to: * Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China * Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China * Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China * Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, People's Republic of China * National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu and Taipei, Taiwan (Republic of China) Jiao Tong or Chiao Tung may be translated as transport but it also means "extending in all directions". Engineering and managerial sciences are prioritized academic focus, not the exclusive fields of research in Jiao Tong Universities. There are now also other universities named Jiaotong University which do not have the same origin as the above five Jiaotong universities, including: * Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China * East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of Ch ...
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