Girlfriend (Avril Lavigne Song)

"Girlfriend" is a song by Canadian singer-songwriter Avril Lavigne. The song was written by Lavigne and Dr. Luke; the latter is also the producer. "Girlfriend" was released as the lead single from her third studio album, ''The Best Damn Thing'' (2007) on February 27, 2007 by Columbia and RCA Records. Lyrically, the song revolves around its protagonist having a crush on someone who is in a relationship, proclaiming she should be his girlfriend. The song has been noted to have similarities to Toni Basil's 1982 single "Mickey", and The Rubinoos' 1979 single "I Wanna Be Your Boyfriend". The songwriters of "I Wanna Be Your Boyfriend" sued Lavigne and Dr. Luke for copyright infringement; the suit was later settled.

"Girlfriend" received generally positive reviews from music critics, who complimented its catchiness. The song was a worldwide success, peaking at the top spot of the charts in eight countries, including Australia, New Zealand, Canada and was Lavigne's first number-one song in the United States, reaching the top on ''Billboard'' Hot 100 and ''Billboard'' Top 40 Mainstream. It additionally charted in the top ten of most other countries. The song's accompanying music video, directed by The Malloys, sees Lavigne portraying three alter-egos, with all of them fighting over the same guy. In June 2007, the song's official remix, featuring American rapper Lil Mama, was released. Lavigne performed the song a number of times, including at the 2007 MuchMusic Video Awards, the 2007 Teen Choice Awards, and the 2008 Juno Awards.

The song's success made it a mainstay of pop music in the late 2000s. "Girlfriend" was certified multi-platinum in Australia and the United States. It was among the top-selling songs of 2007, with over 7.3 million worldwide sales. In 2008, the song became the most viewed video on YouTube, and was the first video on the site to reach 100 million views. ''Rolling Stone'' ranked the song number thirty-five on their "Top 100 Songs of 2007" list. Several versions of the song were released with the chorus sung in multiple languages. In 2010, the song was named the ninety-fourth most successful song on the Hot 100 in the 2000s decade. Allmusic highlighted the song as one of the most significant punk-pop songs of all time. The song also received several awards, including Most Addictive Track at the MTV Europe Music Awards, Song of the Year at Los Premios MTV Latinoamérica, Choice Music: Single at Teen Choice Awards, the Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Song and was nominated for Single of the Year at the Juno Awards.

Background and composition

Following the release of her second studio album, '' Under My Skin'' (2004), Lavigne wanted to record more "fun and upbeat" music. "Girlfriend" was written by Lavigne and Lukasz "Dr. Luke" Gottwald, with Dr. Luke also producing the track. The song was written while Lavigne was intoxicated, with Lavigne commenting that the chorus only took two minutes to write. Lavigne was initially hesitant to release "Girlfriend" as the lead single from ''The Best Damn Thing'', referring to the song's conception as "just a joke." The song was not based on a personal experience, with Lavigne opting to write about general topics to appeal to a wider audience. In December 2006, Lavigne announced the song as the lead single from her then-upcoming album:

Hey guys! I keep getting asked about my record and what it is called ..so I wanted to give u guys all the info directly ..I'm calling the record The Best Dam Thing, and the first single is called "Girlfriend", the single comes out February and the record in April. I promise you guys will love this record, it is my favorite one!!! And I can't wait! It is really fast, fun, young, bratty, aggressive, confident, cocky in a playful way ..all the good stuff.

In an effort to appeal to non-English markets, Lavigne recorded the song's chorus in seven different languages, including Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, German, Japanese, and Mandarin. Lavigne spent hours studying these different languages in order to ensure a correct pronunciation with her various deliveries. A Hindi version of the song was recorded twice, although it was scrapped due to issues with the diction and meter when converting the song's chorus from its Western rhythms to Hindi. "Girlfriend" is a moderately fast pop punk, and power pop song. According to the sheet music published at Musicnotes.com by Alfred Publishing, the song is written in the key of D major and is set in time signature of common time with a tempo of 164 beats per minute. Lavigne's vocal range spans two octaves, from A₃ to D₅. Lyrically, the song is about wanting to steal someone's boyfriend. ''PopMatters'' compared the song with "Mickey" by Tony Basil.

Songwriting claim

On July 2, 2007, the Rubinoos frontman Tommy Dunbar and songwriter James Gangwer filed a lawsuit for infringement of copyright against Lavigne, Dr. Luke, RCA Records, and Apple. Dunbar and Gangwer alleged that "Girlfriend" plagiarized the Rubinoos' 1979 single "I Wanna Be Your Boyfriend". Lavigne denied these accusations and noted the common usage of the lyrics employed in both songs; she cited the Rolling Stones' "Get Off of My Cloud" and the Ramones' "I Wanna Be Your Boyfriend" as songs with similar lyrics. Dr. Luke claimed that neither he nor Lavigne had heard of the Rubinoos prior to the lawsuit and that he would be willing to take a polygraph if doing so would help to disprove Dunbar's claims. Lavigne's manager, Terry McBride, similarly refuted the allegations, referring to Dunbar and Gangwer's claims as baseless.

Both Dunbar and McBride consulted musicologists to prepare reports on the similarities and dissimilarities between the songs. Dunbar's musicologist reported that there was an "unusually high degree of similarity" between the songs while McBride's musicologist reported that they do not share any significant lyrical or melodic content. While McBride contended that the songs were dissimilar, he acknowledged that Lavigne would be willing to settle the case to avoid expensive legal proceedings. In January 2008, Dunbar and Gangwer's attorney, Nicholas Carlin, confirmed that a confidential settlement had been reached between the two parties, but refused to comment further. However, Dunbar and Gangwer later released a joint statement on January 15, 2008 in which they claimed to "completely exonerate" Lavigne and Dr. Luke from any wrongdoing. Following the settlement, Lavigne commented: "Well, unbar and Gangwerdidn't win. But that happens all the time in the music business. I am not the first artist nor will I be the last to go through this."

Critical reception

Christian Hoard of ''Rolling Stone'' called it a "hypercatchy, giant-sounding ' Hey Mickey' tribute", and commented that the song is one of the album's "monster pleasures". Chris Willman of ''Entertainment Weekly'' noted the popularity of the song, referring to Lavigne as an "alpha female out to steal a stud from a meek rival who’s 'like, so whatever'". Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic highlighted the song as a 'track pick' in a review of the album, ''The Best Damn Thing''. He praised the album for opening with "Girlfriend", describing the song as a "bright bubblegum blast". Jon Pareles of ''The New York Times'' also highlighted "Girlfriend" as the best song off of ''The Best Damn Thing'', commenting that it used "cleverly manipulated echoes and attacks to sound as if Ms. Lavigne were charging in from all directions". Jody Rosen of ''Slate'' referred to "Girlfriend" as "brash and catchy", praising the song's "shout-along vocals, power chords, ndhand claps amplified to sound like an army on the march".

According to Sal Cinquemani of Slant Magazine, the song employs "a catchy, cheerleader stomp a la Tony Basil's 'Mickey'", although Lavigne's "attempts at sounding irreverent ... just wind up sounding juvenile". Laura Snapes of ''The Guardian'' also compared "Girlfriend" to "Mickey", referring to the song as a "deadpan cheerleader banger". Also from ''The Guardian'', Alex Macpherson labeled the song as "brilliantly addictive". Tim O'Neil of ''PopMatters'' felt that the chorus of the song "blatantly rips the hook from Toni Basil's 'Mickey'", although he also stated that the song has a "torturous propensity to get stuck in your head". Joan Anderman of ''The Boston Globe'' praised the catchy hook of "Girlfriend", commenting that "It sounds great -- fizzy and snotty and unbelievable catchy". MuchMusic attributed the success of the song to the mix of various genres, stating: " avignecan succeed in punk, rock and pop with her bubblegum anthem 'Girlfriend'". At the Juno Awards of 2008, "Girlfriend" garnered Lavigne a nomination in the Single of the Year category. The song also garnered Lavigne two wins at the 2008 Japan Gold Disc Awards in the Mastertone of the Year and Single Track of the Year (Mobile) categories. The song was ranked at number 35 on ''Rolling Stone'' list of the 100 Best Songs of 2007. ''MTV Asia'' ranked the song as the 77th top song of 2007, while MTV Latin America listed "Girlfriend" as the number one song of 2007. ''Billboard'' ranked the song as the twelfth best song of 2007.

Chart performance

Because of digital download sales in excess of 122,000, the song debuted at number five on the US ''Billboard'' Hot 100 chart, becoming her fifth and last top ten hit. Afterwards it became Lavigne's first song to reach number one on the Hot 100, in the issue dated May 5, 2007; her previous highest peak on the chart was with 2002's " Complicated", which reached number two. It remained in the top ten for 18 weeks, which was two more than the year-end number-one single of 2007, Irreplaceable. It became the last number one hit on that chart by a Canadian female artist until 2012's " Call Me Maybe" by Carly Rae Jepsen. In Canada, the song debuted at number 1. As of September 2015, "Girlfriend" has sold 3.8 million copies in the United States.

In Japan, the song has been certified Million for more than 1,000,000 sales through ringtones and 3× Platinum for 750,000 sales. Thus, the song has sold more than 3,000,000 copies there making it the best-selling single by a western female artist of all time on Japan. "Girlfriend" debuted on the Australian ARIA Singles Chart at number three. The following week it reached number-one, and it remained at the top for six non-consecutive weeks, equalling Lavigne's previous number-one single on the ARIA Charts, "Complicated". After three weeks on the charts, it was certified gold by ARIA, then platinum after seven weeks for sales in excess of 70,000 copies. It was then certified double platinum, with sales in excess of 140,000. In 2008, it was certified quadruple platinum for sales of 280,000. On the UK Singles Chart, "Girlfriend" peaked at number two, surpassing "Complicated" as Lavigne's highest-peaking single on the chart. The song ended 2007 as the years 20th biggest-selling single in the UK and spent 28 weeks inside the chart and is Lavigne's biggest hit in the UK to date. It became the best selling song of 2007 worldwide with around five million copies outside the US. To date, "Girlfriend" has sold over 10 million copies worldwide.

Music video

Development and concept

The music video was directed by The Malloys and filmed at Golf N' Stuff in Norwalk, California. They praised the video for "sounding different than most female artist at the time and for its very punk rock- pop feel, something she does better than anybody."

The music video features two girls both played by Lavigne: one with glasses and red hair, and one with a rebellious persona and black hair. The video begins inside a family fun entertainment center where the red-haired Lavigne and her boyfriend are walking together. The black-haired Lavigne sees her and shows her an intimidating disposition, to which the former ignores. As the couple walk away, the black-haired Lavigne begins to sing the song and tries her luck on the red-haired Lavigne's boyfriend. Featured in the video are scenes of black-haired Lavigne fighting over the man with the red-haired Lavigne and trying to outdo her repeatedly. Between the scenes we see Lavigne, now with pink-streaked blonde hair, singing with her band accompanying her at the back. The video also featured this Lavigne and her friends dancing in a restroom.

After the starting scene, the video shows them at Li'l Indy, where they ride go-carts. Here, black-haired Lavigne is seen viciously bumping the car of the red-haired Lavigne, causing her to spin around and lose control. Next, the red-haired Lavigne and her boyfriend get inside a photo booth where black-haired Lavigne slips in and pulls the red-haired Lavigne out of the booth before the booth takes the pictures. Black-haired Lavigne's friends then block the red-haired Lavigne's way (by positioning themselves at the booth entrance) to give the black-haired Lavigne time in the booth.

The couple are now seen sharing a churro stick together, where black-haired Lavigne sees them yet again, throws the churro stick away and kisses the red-haired girl's boyfriend, much to the latter's surprise and anger. It is nighttime when the couple decide to head over to a miniature golf course to while away some time playing, where the red-haired Lavigne cheerfully wins.

Unfortunately for her, the black-haired Lavigne and her friends happen to be present at the venue as well. As soon as she and her friends see them, black-haired Lavigne hits her in the head with a golf ball, resulting in the red-haired Lavigne splashing down into the water. Her boyfriend tries to grab her hand but misses, to black-haired Lavigne's amusement. Finally, the man, who eventually develops feelings for black-haired Lavigne, is seen waiting for her. As she comes toward him, they soon hold hands together, but red-haired Lavigne sees this and attempts to seize black-haired Lavigne. But black-haired Lavigne and the man manage to dodge her, and in her attempt to win back her boyfriend, she tumbles all the way down and lands in a portable toilet ahead, where she gives a look of desperation towards the camera, showing she has failed to do so, and signalling that black-haired Lavigne has finally won the man's affections. Blonde Lavigne then takes her new boyfriend into a bathroom stall and slightly opens the door after a moment and pumps her arm in victory.

Lavigne's boyfriend in the video is played by American model Bryan McMullin and dresses similarly to the "rocker" Lavigne in the video. The video features Lavigne's previous guitarist Evan Taubenfeld, and Lavigne's brother Matt on bass.

Lil Mama and Lavigne shot a video for the remix of "Girlfriend", which was directed by R. Malcolm Jones.

Reception

On July 18, 2008, "Girlfriend" became the most viewed video at that time on YouTube and in August of that year, surpassed 100 million views, becoming the only YouTube video available at that time to reach that milestone (although CSS's "Music Is My Hot Hot Sex" had reached that milestone a couple months before, it has been removed from the website under accusations that the views had been fraudulent). The YouTube video of the song was accused of having an exaggerated number of views due to the use of a web link posted by AvrilBandaids, a fansite devoted to Lavigne. Clicking on the link would automatically reload the YouTube video of "Girlfriend" every fifteen seconds. Fans of Lavigne were encouraged to: "Keep this page open while you browse the internet, study for exams, or even sleep. For extra viewing power, open up two or more browser windows at this page!" However, the fansite later revealed that no "cheating" had taken place, and that the link had merely been a ruse to draw more attention to the video, thereby attracting additional views. It is expected that Lavigne's YouTube video views have earned in excess of US$2,000,000. In November 2009, RCA Records removed the video of the song from YouTube, by which time it had received around 130 million views. A new upload of the music video uploaded on October 3, 2009 is now officially hosted on Lavigne's official channel on YouTube, with over 570 million views and 3 million likes as of October 2021.

The song is featured on the soundtrack to the video game '' Burnout Dominator'' in four different languages which includes Japanese, Spanish, Mandarin and English. The song is also featured in '' Burnout Paradise'' which only includes the English Version.

The BBC Chart Show reported a sharp divide in reaction to the video. A criticism of the video was that it was damaging to Lavigne's claims to integrity by imitating younger girls' fashions and encouraging poaching of boyfriends from other girls.

Accolades

Live performances

Lavigne performed the song on ''The Tonight Show with Jay Leno'' on June 15, 2007. She also performed on ''Saturday Night Live'' on April 14, 2007.

Track listings and formats

*Digital download
# "Girlfriend"  – 3:39

*Digital download (Remix)
# "Girlfriend" (Dr. Luke Remix feat. Lil Mama) – 3:25

*Digital download (Remixes)
# "Girlfriend" (Junkie XL Mix) – 3:40
# "Girlfriend" (Junkie XL Extended Mix) – 5:44

*EU / AUS / TWN CD Single'
#"Girlfriend"  – 3:38
#"Alone"  – 3:13

*JP CD Single
# "Girlfriend" (Radio Edit) – 3:38
# "Girlfriend" (Instrumental) – 3:37

*US Remixes CD
# "Girlfriend" (Dr. Luke Remix feat. Lil Mama) – 3:24
# "Girlfriend" (Japanese Version) – 3:37
# "Keep Holding On"  – 4:00
#Ringtone¹

*Digital download (EP)
# "Girlfriend" (Radio Edit) – 3:37
# "Girlfriend"  – 3:37
# "Girlfriend" (The Submarines' Time Warp '66 Mix - English) – 3:11
# "Girlfriend" (Junkie XL Mix) – 3:41
# "Girlfriend" (French Version - Clean) – 3:38
# "Girlfriend" (French Version - Explicit) – 3:38
# "Girlfriend" (The Submarines' Time Warp '66 Mix - French) – 3:13
# "Girlfriend" (Spanish Version - Clean) – 3:36
# "Girlfriend" (Spanish Version - Explicit) – 3:38
# "Girlfriend" (The Submarines' Time Warp '66 Mix - Spanish) – 3:13
# "Girlfriend" (German Version - Clean) – 3:38
# "Girlfriend" (German Version - Explicit) – 3:38
# "Girlfriend" (The Submarines' Time Warp '66 Mix - German) – 3:12
# "Girlfriend" (Italian Version - Clean) – 3:38
# "Girlfriend" (Italian Version - Explicit) – 3:38
# "Girlfriend" (The Submarines' Time Warp '66 Mix - Italian) – 3:12
# "Girlfriend" (Portuguese Version - Clean) – 3:37
# "Girlfriend" (Portuguese Version - Explicit) – 3:38
# "Girlfriend" (The Submarines' Time Warp '66 Mix - Portuguese) – 3:10
# "Girlfriend" (Japanese Version - Clean) – 3:38
# "Girlfriend" (Japanese Version - Explicit) – 3:38
# "Girlfriend" (The Submarines' Time Warp '66 Mix - Japanese) – 3:12
# "Girlfriend" (Mandarin Version - Clean) – 3:28
# "Girlfriend" (Mandarin Version - Explicit) – 3:28
# "Girlfriend" (The Submarines' Time Warp '66 Mix - Mandarin) – 3:13

¹ A code was included on the CD to download the ringtone online.

Credits and personnel

Credits and personnel are adapted from ''The Best Damn Thing'' album liner notes.
* Avril Lavigne – lead vocals, songwriting
* Dr. Luke – songwriting, production, drums, guitars, bass, programming
* Serban Ghenea – mixing
* John Hanes – vocal editing
* Tim Roberts – assistant engineer
* Matt Beckley – additional production
* Steven Wolf – additional production, live drums, additional drums

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Decade-end charts

Certifications and sales

, -
! scope="row" rowspan="3" , Japan (RIAJ)
, Million (Ringtone) , , 1,000,000^{^}
, -
, 3× Platinum (Track) , , 750,000^{^}
, -
, Gold (PC) , , 100,000^{^}
, -

, -
! scope="row" rowspan="2" , United States (RIAA)
, 2× Platinum , , 3,800,000
, -
, Platinum (Ringtone) , , 1,000,000^{^}
, -
! colspan="3", Summaries
, -

Release history

Zebrahead version

In September 2009, American punk rock band Zebrahead released "Girlfriend" as the first single off their album ''Panty Raid'', which was released on November 4, 2009 in Japan and 8 December in the rest of the world. It peaked in the Hot Modern Rock Tracks in the first week in the No. 84 position.

The music video of the song was released in 2009 and is a parody of the original "Girlfriend" video, with band members Ali playing the "Bad Avril" and Matty playing the good one.

Charts

See also

*List of best-selling singles
*List of number-one singles in Australia of 2007
*List of number-one hits of 2007 (Austria)
*List of European number-one hits of 2007
*List of number-one singles of 2007 (Ireland)
*List of number-one hits of 2007 (Italy)
*List of number-one singles from the 2000s (New Zealand)
*List of Hot 100 number-one singles of 2007 (U.S.)
*List of number-one music downloads (UK)
*List of most-viewed YouTube videos

References

External links

*

"Girlfriend" Dr. Luke Remix
on VEVO

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2007 singles
Avril Lavigne songs
Columbia Records singles
RCA Records singles
Lil Mama songs
Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles
Canadian Hot 100 number-one singles
European Hot 100 Singles number-one singles
Irish Singles Chart number-one singles
Number-one singles in Australia
Number-one singles in Austria
Number-one singles in Italy
Number-one singles in New Zealand
Number-one singles in Sweden
Oricon International Singles Chart number-one singles
Record Report Pop Rock General number-one singles
Songs written by Dr. Luke
Songs written by Avril Lavigne
Song recordings produced by Dr. Luke
Music videos directed by The Malloys
2006 songs
Songs involved in plagiarism controversies
Songs about jealousy
Sony BMG singles
Power pop songs