Green Bay is a city in the
U.S. state
In the United States, a state is a constituent political entity, of which there are 50. Bound together in a political union, each state holds governmental jurisdiction over a separate and defined geographic territory where it shares its sove ...
of
Wisconsin
Wisconsin () is a state in the upper Midwestern United States. Wisconsin is the 25th-largest state by total area and the 20th-most populous. It is bordered by Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake M ...
. The
county seat
A county seat is an administrative center, seat of government, or capital city of a county or civil parish. The term is in use in Canada, China, Hungary, Romania, Taiwan, and the United States. The equivalent term shire town is used in the US st ...
of
Brown County, it is at the head of
Green Bay (known locally as "the bay of Green Bay"), a sub-basin of
Lake Michigan, at the mouth of the
Fox River. It is above sea level and north of
Milwaukee
Milwaukee ( ), officially the City of Milwaukee, is both the most populous and most densely populated city in the U.S. state of Wisconsin and the county seat of Milwaukee County. With a population of 577,222 at the 2020 census, Milwaukee ...
. As of the
2020 Census, Green Bay had a population of 107,395, making it the third-largest in the state of Wisconsin, after
Milwaukee
Milwaukee ( ), officially the City of Milwaukee, is both the most populous and most densely populated city in the U.S. state of Wisconsin and the county seat of Milwaukee County. With a population of 577,222 at the 2020 census, Milwaukee ...
and
Madison Madison may refer to:
People
* Madison (name), a given name and a surname
* James Madison (1751–1836), fourth president of the United States
Place names
* Madison, Wisconsin, the state capital of Wisconsin and the largest city known by this ...
, and the third-largest city on Lake Michigan, after
Chicago
(''City in a Garden''); I Will
, image_map =
, map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago
, coordinates =
, coordinates_footnotes =
, subdivision_type = Country
, subdivision_name ...
and Milwaukee.
Green Bay is the principal city of the
Green Bay Metropolitan Statistical Area, which covers
Brown
Brown is a color. It can be considered a composite color, but it is mainly a darker shade of orange. In the CMYK color model used in printing or painting, brown is usually made by combining the colors orange and black. In the RGB color model us ...
,
Kewaunee, and
Oconto counties. Green Bay is well known for being the home city of the
National Football League
The National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league that consists of 32 teams, divided equally between the American Football Conference (AFC) and the National Football Conference (NFC). The NFL is one of the ...
(NFL)'s
Green Bay Packers.
History
Samuel de Champlain, the founder of
New France
New France (french: Nouvelle-France) was the area colonized by France in North America, beginning with the exploration of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence by Jacques Cartier in 1534 and ending with the cession of New France to Great Britain and Spa ...
, commissioned
Jean Nicolet
Jean Nicolet (Nicollet), Sieur de Belleborne (October 1642) was a French ''coureur des bois'' noted for exploring Lake Michigan, Mackinac Island, Green Bay, and being the first European to set foot in what is now the U.S. state of Wisconsin.
Ea ...
to form a peaceful alliance with Native Americans in the western areas, whose unrest interfered with French fur trade, and to search for a shorter trade route to China through Canada. Nicolet and others had learned from other First Nations of the
Ho-Chunk (Winnebago) people, who identified as "People of the Sea", and believed they must reside on or near an Ocean. Champlain had also heard about natural resources in the area, including fertile soil, forests, and animals. Nicolet began his journey for this new land shortly before winter in 1634.
[City of Green Bay. "City of Green Bay." www.ci.green-bay.wi.us. October 5, 2008 <>] In what later became a French fur-trading route, he sailed up the
Ottawa River, through
Lake Nipissing and down the
French River to
Lake Huron, then through the straits of
Michilimackinac
Michilimackinac ( ) is derived from an Ottawa Ojibwe name for present-day Mackinac Island and the region around the Straits of Mackinac between Lake Huron and Lake Michigan.. Early settlers of North America applied the term to the entire region ...
into Lake Michigan. He is believed to have landed at Red Banks, near the site of the modern-day city of Green Bay, Wisconsin.
From the trading post ''La Baie des Puants'' to the town ''La Baie verte''
Nicolet founded a small trading post here in 1634, originally named ''La Baye'' or ''La Baie des Puants'' (French for "the Bay of Stinking Waters").
Nicolet's settlement was one of the oldest European permanent settlements in America.
When Nicolet arrived in the Green Bay area, he encountered the
Menominee
The Menominee (; mez, omǣqnomenēwak meaning ''"Menominee People"'', also spelled Menomini, derived from the Ojibwe language word for "Wild Rice People"; known as ''Mamaceqtaw'', "the people", in the Menominee language) are a federally recog ...
, who occupied this territory. He also met the
Ho-Chunk (also known as the Winnebago), a people who spoke a
Siouan
Siouan or Siouan–Catawban is a language family of North America that is located primarily in the Great Plains, Ohio and Mississippi valleys and southeastern North America with a few other languages in the east.
Name
Authors who call the enti ...
language.
The Winnebago hunted and fished, and also cultivated corn, beans, squash, and tobacco.
Wild rice
Wild rice, also called manoomin, Canada rice, Indian rice, or water oats, is any of four species of grasses that form the genus ''Zizania'', and the grain that can be harvested from them. The grain was historically gathered and eaten in both ...
, which they had incorporated as a dietary staple, grew in abundance along the riverbanks. The women regularly harvested and cooked this, along with a wide variety of nuts, berries, and edible roots which they gathered in the woods.
[City of Green Bay](_blank)
The men typically hunted and fished for food, and the women processed game and other foods in cooking. They prepared and made clothing from the furs, as well as using other parts of animals to make tools, cord, etc. Women also had a role in the political process, as no action could be taken without agreement of half of the women. Nicolet stayed with this tribe for about a year, becoming an ally. He helped open up opportunities for trade and commerce with them before returning to Quebec.
A few months after Nicolet returned to Quebec, Champlain died. His death halted other journeys to ''La Baie Verte'' (French for "The Green Bay"). Père
Claude Allouez
Claude Jean Allouez (June 6, 1622 – August 28, 1689) was a Jesuit missionary and French explorer of North America. He established a number of missions among the indigenous people living near Lake Superior.
Biography
Allouez was born in Sa ...
sent
Nicolas Perrot
Nicolas Perrot (–1717), a French explorer, fur trader, and diplomat, was one of the first European men to travel in the Upper Mississippi Valley, in what is now Wisconsin and Minnesota.
Biography
Nicolas Perrot was born in France between 1641 ...
to La Baie. After this, the French avoided the area for some decades, because of the intensity of First Nations and European conflicts in the east. In 1671, a
Jesuit Mission was set up in the area. A fort was added in 1717 and gradually associated development took place. The town was incorporated in 1754.
Great Britain took control of some French areas during the
Seven Years' War
The Seven Years' War (1756–1763) was a global conflict that involved most of the European Great Powers, and was fought primarily in Europe, the Americas, and Asia-Pacific. Other concurrent conflicts include the French and Indian War (175 ...
, known as the
French and Indian War
The French and Indian War (1754–1763) was a theater of the Seven Years' War, which pitted the North American colonies of the British Empire against those of the French, each side being supported by various Native American tribes. At the ...
in some areas of North America. They took control of this town in 1761. After the British defeated the French in 1763, France ceded its lands east of the Mississippi in North America.
The first permanent settlers were
Charles de Langlade
Charles Michel Mouet de Langlade (9 May 1729 – after 26 July 1801)''Dictionnaire Généalogique Tanguay'' was a Great Lakes fur trader and war chief who was important in protecting French territory in North America. His mother was Ottawa and hi ...
and his family from Quebec, who moved to Green Bay in 1765. They are considered the first European settlers in the present-day state of Wisconsin. Langlade, called the "Founder and Father of Wisconsin", was a ''
métis'' or mixed-race, son of a French-Canadian father and an
Ottawa woman. He grew up with his mother's family among the Ottawa people and became a war chief. The Ottawa were allies of the French during the
French and Indian War
The French and Indian War (1754–1763) was a theater of the Seven Years' War, which pitted the North American colonies of the British Empire against those of the French, each side being supported by various Native American tribes. At the ...
, and Langlade is credited with planning the ambush of British
General Braddock
Major-General Edward Braddock (January 1695 – 13 July 1755) was a British officer and commander-in-chief for the Thirteen Colonies during the start of the French and Indian War (1754–1763), the North American front of what is known in Europe ...
and
George Washington
George Washington (February 22, 1732, 1799) was an American military officer, statesman, and Founding Father who served as the first president of the United States from 1789 to 1797. Appointed by the Continental Congress as commander of ...
. His family was followed to Green Bay by the Grignons, Porliers and Lawes, who brought French-Canadian culture with them. Colorful "jack-knife Judge" Reaume dispensed British justice in the territory after Great Britain took it over following the war.
These early ethnic French settlers set the tone for many who followed.
The British take-over
![Tank Cottage Heritage Hill June 2014](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Tank_Cottage_Heritage_Hill_June_2014.jpg)
The British gradually took over Wisconsin during the
French and Indian War
The French and Indian War (1754–1763) was a theater of the Seven Years' War, which pitted the North American colonies of the British Empire against those of the French, each side being supported by various Native American tribes. At the ...
, taking control of Green Bay in 1761 and gaining control of all of Wisconsin in 1763. Like the French, the British were interested in little but the fur trade. In 1791, two free African Americans set up a fur trading post among the Menominee at present day
Marinette. The first permanent settlers, mostly
French Canadians, some Anglo-New Englanders and a few African American freedmen, arrived in Wisconsin while it was under British control.
Charles Michel de Langlade
Charles Michel Mouet de Langlade (9 May 1729 – after 26 July 1801)''Dictionnaire Généalogique Tanguay'' was a Great Lakes fur trader and war chief who was important in protecting French territory in North America. His mother was Ottawa and hi ...
is generally recognized as the first settler, establishing a trading post at Green Bay in 1745, and moving there permanently in 1764. Settlement began at Prairie du Chien around 1781. The French residents at the trading post in what is now Green Bay, referred to the town as "La Bey," however British fur traders referred to it as "Green Bay," because the water and the shore assumed green tints in early spring. The old French title was gradually dropped, and the British name of "Green Bay" stuck. The region coming under British rule had virtually no adverse effect on the French residents as the British needed the cooperation of the French fur traders and the French fur traders needed the goodwill of the British. During the French occupation of the region licenses for fur trading had been issued scarcely and only to select groups of traders, whereas the British, in an effort to make as much money as possible from the region, issued licenses for fur trading freely, both to British and French residents. The fur trade in what is now Wisconsin reached its height under British rule, and the first self-sustaining farms in the state were established as well. From 1763 to 1780, Green Bay was a prosperous community which produced its own foodstuff, built graceful cottages and held dances and festivities.
After Independence
The Green Bay area was still under British control until the 1783 treaty formally ended the
American Revolutionary War
The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was a major war of the American Revolution. Widely considered as the war that secured the independence of t ...
. Following the
War of 1812
The War of 1812 (18 June 1812 – 17 February 1815) was fought by the United States, United States of America and its Indigenous peoples of the Americas, indigenous allies against the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom ...
, which in part was over disputes related to the border with Canada, the United States built
Fort Howard on the
Fox River in 1816 to protect its northern border.
Doty, Whitney, Arndt, Baird and Martin were among the many British-American settlers whose numbers pushed French culture into the background.
The
Erie Canal
The Erie Canal is a historic canal in upstate New York that runs east-west between the Hudson River and Lake Erie. Completed in 1825, the canal was the first navigable waterway connecting the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes, vastly reducing t ...
was completed in 1825, linking New England with the Great Lakes. This led to the advance of Green Bay as a trading center. The end of the
Black Hawk War
The Black Hawk War was a conflict between the United States and Native Americans led by Black Hawk, a Sauk leader. The war erupted after Black Hawk and a group of Sauks, Meskwakis (Fox), and Kickapoos, known as the " British Band", cros ...
in 1832 also gave impetus to settlement of the region. Most of the settlers were farmers from New England who began using the Erie Canal to pour into Wisconsin. As more and more New England settlers arrived, Green Bay developed into a trading center for this population.
![2009-0620-WI004-GB-Hazelwood](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/2009-0620-WI004-GB-Hazelwood.jpg)
Wisconsin's first newspaper, ''The
Green Bay Intelligencer'', was started in 1833 by
Albert Ellis
Albert Ellis (September 27, 1913 – July 24, 2007) was an American psychologist and psychotherapist who founded rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT). He held MA and PhD degrees in clinical psychology from Columbia University, and was certi ...
and
John V. Suydam. The borough of Green Bay, created in 1838, is the center of the present-day city. The borough combined the town of Astoria (a company town of the
American Fur Company), with Navarino, platted by
Daniel Whitney. Before Wisconsin became a state in 1848, its commerce was based on the
fur trade, which became dominated by
John Jacob Astor
John Jacob Astor (born Johann Jakob Astor; July 17, 1763 – March 29, 1848) was a German-American businessman, merchant, real estate mogul, and investor who made his fortune mainly in a fur trade monopoly, by History of opium in China, smuggl ...
's
American Fur Company. After statehood, there was a shift away from fur trading toward lumbering. "For a short time in 1860s and 1870s, iron smelting in charcoal kilns rivaled the timber industry while the port handled increasing amounts of fuel, feed, and lumber. Today's major local industry had its start in 1865 when the first paper mill was built."
![Green Bay 1867](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Green_Bay_1867.jpg)
By 1850 the town had a population of 1,923. The town was incorporated as the city of Green Bay in 1854. The
Green Bay Area Public School District
Green Bay Area Public School District (GBAPS) is the fourth largest school district in Wisconsin. As of the 2020-2021 school year, GBAPS served more than 21,000 students in 36 schools and had 3,641 full-time equivalent (FTE) staff positions. A ...
was founded in 1856.
Throughout the 1850s, word spread of America's cheap land and good soil, bringing in an influx of
Belgian people
Belgians ( nl, Belgen; french: Belges; german: Belgier) are people identified with the Kingdom of Belgium, a federal state in Western Europe. As Belgium is a multinational state, this connection may be residential, legal, historical, or cultu ...
, German, Scandinavian, Irish and Dutch immigrants, each adding to the culture. The greatest concentration of newcomers came from Belgium. They cleared the land to farm and build their homes.
The railroad arrived in the 1860s. The three railroads that would reach Green Bay were the Chicago & North Western (C&NW), SOO Line, (SOO), and the Milwaukee Road (MILW). These railroads were highways which allowed people and products to travel all over the state, increasing business and trade opportunities. The area was able to grow and enrich itself with the use of the and the plentiful timber resources. This led to the paper industry becoming the major employer in Green Bay, and opened up the port for international trade.
Large numbers of Belgians immigrated to Green Bay in the thirty-year period between 1880 and 1910. Significant numbers of English immigrants, many having lived first in Canada, also moved to Green Bay during this period, usually arriving as large families. There was also a small Dutch community in Green Bay at this time. Green Bay had a larger portion of first generation immigrants from France than any other city in Wisconsin at this time as well.
In 1934, President
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Franklin Delano Roosevelt (; ; January 30, 1882April 12, 1945), often referred to by his initials FDR, was an American politician and attorney who served as the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945. As the ...
came to Green Bay to honor its tercentenary.
By 1950, the city had a population of 52,735. In 1964, the Town of
Preble was consolidated with the city of Green Bay.
Geography
Green Bay is in the eastern part of Wisconsin at the mouth of the
Fox River. Today,
Interstate 43
Interstate 43 (I-43) is a Interstate Highway located entirely within the US state of Wisconsin, connecting I-39/I-90 in Beloit with Milwaukee and I-41, U.S. Highway 41 (US 41) and US 141 in Green Bay. State Trunk Highway ...
meets
Interstate 41
Interstate 41 (I-41) is a north–south Interstate Highway connecting the interchange of I-94 and U.S. Route 41 (US 41), located south of the Wisconsin–Illinois border at the end of the Tri-State Tollway in metropolitan C ...
(also
U.S. Route 41
U.S. Route 41, also U.S. Highway 41 (US 41), is a major north–south United States Numbered Highway that runs from Miami, Florida, to the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Until 1949, the part in southern Florida, from Naples to Miami, ...
) in Green Bay, about north of
Milwaukee
Milwaukee ( ), officially the City of Milwaukee, is both the most populous and most densely populated city in the U.S. state of Wisconsin and the county seat of Milwaukee County. With a population of 577,222 at the 2020 census, Milwaukee ...
.
According to the
United States Census Bureau
The United States Census Bureau (USCB), officially the Bureau of the Census, is a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy. The Census Bureau is part of t ...
, the city has a total area of 55.76 square miles (144.41km
2), of which 45.48 square miles (117.79km
2) is land and 10.28 square miles (26.62km
2) is water.
About 14% of the city of Green Bay is inside the
Oneida Nation of Wisconsin reservation.
Climate
Green Bay has a
humid continental climate
A humid continental climate is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900, typified by four distinct seasons and large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and freezing ...
(
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notabl ...
''Dfb''), with some moderation due to the city's proximity to
Lake Michigan. Like other cities with this type of climate, there are four distinct
season
A season is a division of the year based on changes in weather, ecology, and the number of daylight hours in a given region. On Earth, seasons are the result of the axial parallelism of Earth's tilted orbit around the Sun. In temperate and ...
s, often with severe or extreme variation between them in terms of temperature and precipitation. Green Bay experiences warm, humid summers and cold, snowy winters. The variance in temperature and precipitation between months is severe and often extreme.
Tornado
A tornado is a violently rotating column of air that is in contact with both the surface of the Earth and a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of a cumulus cloud. It is often referred to as a twister, whirlwind or cyclone, altho ...
es are rare in the Green Bay area, with the strongest being an
F3 tornado that hit the community of
Pittsfield
Pittsfield is the largest city and the county seat of Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. It is the principal city of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area which encompasses all of Berkshire County. Pittsfieldâ ...
on June 26, 1969.
Monthly mean temperatures range from in January to in July.
[ In July, the warmest month, the average high temperature is .][ There are 6.1 days of + highs, 68 days where the high remains at or below freezing, and 19 days with sub- lows annually. From December to February, even during thaws, the temperature rarely reaches . Extremes have ranged from on January 21, 1888, to on July 13, 1936.
The wettest month in Green Bay is August, when 3.77 inches (95.8 mm) of precipitation falls, mostly in the form of rainfall from ]thunderstorm
A thunderstorm, also known as an electrical storm or a lightning storm, is a storm characterized by the presence of lightning and its acoustic effect on the Earth's atmosphere, known as thunder. Relatively weak thunderstorms are some ...
s. The driest month in Green Bay is February, when the majority of precipitation falls as low moisture-content snow due to cold, dry air. On average, 1.01 inches (25.7 mm) of precipitation falls in February.
Demographics
2020 census
As of the census of 2020, the population was 107,395. The population density
Population density (in agriculture: Stock (disambiguation), standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geographical ...
was . There were 45,789 housing units at an average density of . Ethnically, the population was 17.9% Hispanic
The term ''Hispanic'' ( es, hispano) refers to people, cultures, or countries related to Spain, the Spanish language, or Hispanidad.
The term commonly applies to countries with a cultural and historical link to Spain and to viceroyalties forme ...
or Latino
Latino or Latinos most often refers to:
* Latino (demonym), a term used in the United States for people with cultural ties to Latin America
* Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States
* The people or cultures of Latin America;
** Latin A ...
of any race. When grouping both Hispanic and non-Hispanic people together by race, the city was 66.6% White
White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no hue). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully reflect and scatter all the visible wavelengths of light. White o ...
, 5.5% Black
Black is a color which results from the absence or complete absorption of visible light. It is an achromatic color, without hue, like white and grey. It is often used symbolically or figuratively to represent darkness. Black and white ...
or African American
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of ens ...
, 4.4% Asian
Asian may refer to:
* Items from or related to the continent of Asia:
** Asian people, people in or descending from Asia
** Asian culture, the culture of the people from Asia
** Asian cuisine, food based on the style of food of the people from Asi ...
, 4.4% Native American, 0.1% Pacific Islander
Pacific Islanders, Pasifika, Pasefika, or rarely Pacificers are the peoples of the Pacific Islands. As an ethnic/racial term, it is used to describe the original peoples—inhabitants and diasporas—of any of the three major subregions of O ...
, 8.4% from other races
Other often refers to:
* Other (philosophy), a concept in psychology and philosophy
Other or The Other may also refer to:
Film and television
* ''The Other'' (1913 film), a German silent film directed by Max Mack
* ''The Other'' (1930 film), a ...
, and 10.6% from two or more races.
The 2020 census population of the city included 779 people incarcerated in adult correctional facilities and 1,783 people in student housing.
According to the American Community Survey estimates for 2016-2020, the median income for a household in the city was $52,214, and the median income for a family was $65,993. Male full-time workers had a median income of $45,365 versus $37,466 for female workers. The per capita income
Per capita income (PCI) or total income measures the average income earned per person in a given area (city, region, country, etc.) in a specified year. It is calculated by dividing the area's total income by its total population.
Per capita i ...
for the city was $28,092. About 12.3% of families and 15.5% of the population were below the poverty line
The poverty threshold, poverty limit, poverty line or breadline is the minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular country. The poverty line is usually calculated by estimating the total cost of one year's worth of necessities for t ...
, including 20.5% of those under age 18 and 9.9% of those age 65 or over. Of the population age 25 and over, 87.5% were high school graduates or higher and 24.4% had a bachelor's degree or higher.
2010 census
As of the census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording and calculating information about the members of a given population. This term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common censuses in ...
of 2010, there were 104,057 people, 42,244 households, and 24,699 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 45,241 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 77.9% White
White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no hue). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully reflect and scatter all the visible wavelengths of light. White o ...
, 3.5% African American
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of ens ...
, 4.1% Native American, 4.0% Asian
Asian may refer to:
* Items from or related to the continent of Asia:
** Asian people, people in or descending from Asia
** Asian culture, the culture of the people from Asia
** Asian cuisine, food based on the style of food of the people from Asi ...
, 0.1% Pacific Islander
Pacific Islanders, Pasifika, Pasefika, or rarely Pacificers are the peoples of the Pacific Islands. As an ethnic/racial term, it is used to describe the original peoples—inhabitants and diasporas—of any of the three major subregions of O ...
, 7.2% from other races
Other often refers to:
* Other (philosophy), a concept in psychology and philosophy
Other or The Other may also refer to:
Film and television
* ''The Other'' (1913 film), a German silent film directed by Max Mack
* ''The Other'' (1930 film), a ...
, and 3.1% from two or more races. Hispanic
The term ''Hispanic'' ( es, hispano) refers to people, cultures, or countries related to Spain, the Spanish language, or Hispanidad.
The term commonly applies to countries with a cultural and historical link to Spain and to viceroyalties forme ...
or Latino
Latino or Latinos most often refers to:
* Latino (demonym), a term used in the United States for people with cultural ties to Latin America
* Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States
* The people or cultures of Latin America;
** Latin A ...
residents of any race were 13.4% of the population.
There were 42,244 households, of which 31.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.4% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 41.5% were non-families. 32.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.06.
The median age in the city was 33.7 years. 24.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 11.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.7% were from 25 to 44; 24.5% were from 45 to 64; and 11.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.4% male and 50.6% female.
2000 census
As of the census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording and calculating information about the members of a given population. This term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common censuses in ...
of 2000, there were 102,313 people, 41,591 households, and 24,663 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,332.1 people per square mile (900.5/km2). There were 43,123 housing units at an average density of 982.9 per square mile (379.5/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 85.9% White
White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no hue). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully reflect and scatter all the visible wavelengths of light. White o ...
, 1.4% African American
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of ens ...
, 3.3% Native American, 3.8% Asian
Asian may refer to:
* Items from or related to the continent of Asia:
** Asian people, people in or descending from Asia
** Asian culture, the culture of the people from Asia
** Asian cuisine, food based on the style of food of the people from Asi ...
, <0.1% Pacific Islander
Pacific Islanders, Pasifika, Pasefika, or rarely Pacificers are the peoples of the Pacific Islands. As an ethnic/racial term, it is used to describe the original peoples—inhabitants and diasporas—of any of the three major subregions of O ...
, 3.7% from other races
Other often refers to:
* Other (philosophy), a concept in psychology and philosophy
Other or The Other may also refer to:
Film and television
* ''The Other'' (1913 film), a German silent film directed by Max Mack
* ''The Other'' (1930 film), a ...
, and 2.0% from two or more races. Hispanic
The term ''Hispanic'' ( es, hispano) refers to people, cultures, or countries related to Spain, the Spanish language, or Hispanidad.
The term commonly applies to countries with a cultural and historical link to Spain and to viceroyalties forme ...
or Latino
Latino or Latinos most often refers to:
* Latino (demonym), a term used in the United States for people with cultural ties to Latin America
* Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States
* The people or cultures of Latin America;
** Latin A ...
residents of any race were 7.1% of the population.
There were 41,591 households, of which 30.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.1% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.7% were non-families. About 31.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 3.06.
In the city, the age distribution of the population shows 25.4% under the age of 18, 11.6% from 18 to 24, 31.7% from 25 to 44, 19.5% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.8 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $38,820, and the median income for a family was $48,678. Males had a median income of $33,246 versus $23,825 for females. The per capita income
Per capita income (PCI) or total income measures the average income earned per person in a given area (city, region, country, etc.) in a specified year. It is calculated by dividing the area's total income by its total population.
Per capita i ...
for the city was $19,269. About 7.4% of families and 10.5% of the population were below the poverty line
The poverty threshold, poverty limit, poverty line or breadline is the minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular country. The poverty line is usually calculated by estimating the total cost of one year's worth of necessities for t ...
, including 12.7% of those under the age of 18 and 9.2% of those 65 and older.
Religion
In 2000, the American Religion Data Archive reported Green Bay to be predominantly Catholic (71.5%), with Lutheran
Lutheranism is one of the largest branches of Protestantism, identifying primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and Protestant Reformers, reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practice of the Cathol ...
s composing an additional 16.4%. The remaining 12% is almost entirely made-up of other Protestant denominations.
The Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod
The Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod (WELS), also referred to simply as the Wisconsin Synod, is an American Confessional Lutheran denomination of Christianity. Characterized as theologically conservative, it was founded in 1850 in Milwauke ...
has four churches in Green Bay: St. Paul Lutheran Church, First Evangelical Lutheran Church, Beautiful Savior Lutheran Church, and Messiah Lutheran Church.
Christ the King Lutheran Church is a church of the Evangelical Lutheran Synod
The Evangelical Lutheran Synod (ELS) is a US-based Protestant Christian denomination based in Mankato, Minnesota. It describes itself as a conservative, Confessional Lutheran body. The ELS has 130 congregations and has missions in Peru, Chile ...
in Green Bay.
There are two Kingdom Halls of Jehovah's Witnesses in the city, hosting 4 English congregations and a Spanish congregation.
The city is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Green Bay
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Green Bay ( la, Diocesis Sinus Viridis) was established on March 3, 1868, by Pope Pius IX. It covers the city of Green Bay, as well as Brown, Calumet, Door, Florence, Forest, Kewaunee, Langlade, Manitowoc, Marine ...
. The Cathedral of Saint Francis Xavier in Green Bay
St. Francis Xavier Cathedral is the cathedral church of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Green Bay in Green Bay, Wisconsin, United States. The cathedral was named in honor of St. Francis Xavier.
The cathedral was planned and erected between 1876 a ...
is the mother church of the Diocese which is in the province of the Archdiocese of Milwaukee. The Saint Joseph Oratory is in Green Bay. St. Mary of the Angels Church and Monastery
The St. Mary of the Angels Church and Monastery is a Roman Catholic parish located in Green Bay, Wisconsin, in the Diocese of Green Bay.
Description
The church is two stories tall and largely made of stone. Attached to the north side of the chu ...
is also located in the city.
The Islamic Society of Wisconsin, Green Bay serves the Islamic community. The Green Bay Area Unitarian Universalist Fellowship is in the city. Congregation Cnesses Israel Temple, serving the area's Jewish population, is on the city's east side.
Economy
Industry
Green Bay is known as the "Toilet Paper Capital of the World" because of the prevalence of the paper industry in the city. Northern Paper Company, Fort Howard Paper Company, and Hoberg Paper Company were among Green Bay's first paper companies. Northern Paper Company offered the first splinter-free toilet paper
Toilet paper (sometimes called toilet tissue or bathroom tissue) is a tissue paper product primarily used to clean the anus and surrounding anal region of feces after defecation, and to clean the perineal area and external genitalia of ur ...
in the early 1930s. The presence of the paper industry helped Green Bay avoid the worst effects of the Great Depression. Today, major paper producers include Georgia-Pacific, Procter & Gamble
The Procter & Gamble Company (P&G) is an American multinational consumer goods corporation headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio, founded in 1837 by William Procter and James Gamble. It specializes in a wide range of personal health/consumer he ...
, and Steen-Macek Paper Company.
Among the earliest packing companies in Green Bay were Acme Packing Company and Indian Packing Company
The Indian Packing Company was a company that was involved in the canned meat industry and was organized in Delaware on July 22, 1919. Its canned meat sold as "Council Meats." When the company was absorbed by the Illinois-based Acme Packing Co ...
, the namesake of the Green Bay Packers. Today, major meatpackers in the city include JBS S.A.
JBS S.A. is a Brazilian company that is the largest meat processing company (by sales) in the world, producing factory processed beef, chicken and pork, and also selling by-products from the processing of these meats. It is headquartered in Sã ...
(formerly Packerland Packing) and American Foods Group.
Largest employers
As of 2017, the largest employers in the city were:
Other major employers include Associated Banc-Corp, Green Bay Area Public School District
Green Bay Area Public School District (GBAPS) is the fourth largest school district in Wisconsin. As of the 2020-2021 school year, GBAPS served more than 21,000 students in 36 schools and had 3,641 full-time equivalent (FTE) staff positions. A ...
, JBS USA
JBS USA Holdings, Inc. is an American food processing company and a wholly owned subsidiary of the multinational company JBS S.A. The subsidiary was created when JBS entered the U.S. market in 2007 with its purchase of Swift & Company. JBS speci ...
, Expert Global Solutions
Founded in 2012, Expert Global Solutions, Inc., (EGS, formerly NCO Group), based in Plano, Texas, was a privately owned business process outsourcing company. It is a holding company for NCO Group and APAC Customer Services, Inc. (APAC), provid ...
, Walmart
Walmart Inc. (; formerly Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.) is an American multinational retail corporation that operates a chain of hypermarkets (also called supercenters), discount department stores, and grocery stores from the United States, headquarter ...
, Procter & Gamble
The Procter & Gamble Company (P&G) is an American multinational consumer goods corporation headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio, founded in 1837 by William Procter and James Gamble. It specializes in a wide range of personal health/consumer he ...
, Schreiber Foods
Schreiber Foods Inc., is a dairy company which produces and distributes natural cheese, processed cheese, cream cheese and yogurt. It is an employee-owned customer brand dairy company headquartered in Green Bay, Wisconsin. With more than $5 billi ...
, the Green Bay Packers, Nature's Way, HJ Martin and Son, and Nicolet National Bank.
Séura, a manufacturer of mirrors
A mirror or looking glass is an object that reflects an image. Light that bounces off a mirror will show an image of whatever is in front of it, when focused through the lens of the eye or a camera. Mirrors reverse the direction of the ima ...
and flatscreen TVs, is another notable employer.
Arts and culture
The Meyer Theatre
The Meyer Theatre is a historic theater located in Green Bay, Wisconsin. Originally known as the Fox Theatre, the building was constructed in 1929 in the Art Deco and Spanish Colonial Revival architecture styles. Its opening on February 14, 1930, ...
and the Hotel Northland are on the National Register of Historic Places
The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the United States federal government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures and objects deemed worthy of preservation for their historical significance or "great artistic ...
. The Northland was once the largest hotel in Wisconsin.
Daddy D Productions perform at Riverside Ballroom and Let Me Be Frank Productions perform at the Meyer Theatre. The Civic Symphony of Green Bay performs at the Meyer Theatre, its home venue. The former Green Bay Symphony Orchestra disbanded after their 2014–2015 season, after performing for over 100 years, citing financial difficulties.
Performance venues in Green Bay include: Lambeau Field
Lambeau Field is an outdoor athletic stadium in the north central United States, located in Green Bay, Wisconsin. The home field of the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL), it opened in 1957 as City Stadium, replacing ...
, Resch Center
The Resch Center is a 10,200-seat multi-purpose arena, in Ashwaubenon, Wisconsin, United States built in 2002. It is the home of the University of Wisconsin–Green Bay Phoenix men's basketball team, the Green Bay Gamblers ice hockey tea ...
, Weidner Center, Meyer Theatre
The Meyer Theatre is a historic theater located in Green Bay, Wisconsin. Originally known as the Fox Theatre, the building was constructed in 1929 in the Art Deco and Spanish Colonial Revival architecture styles. Its opening on February 14, 1930, ...
, and The Tarlton Theatre.
The Art Garage and the Automotive Gallery are art galleries in the downtown area.
Museums in the city include the Neville Public Museum and the Hazelwood Historic House Museum.
Every summer, the downtown area plays host to ArtStreet, an art festival featuring studio displays, demonstrations, and live entertainment. Dine on the Deck is an event that allows patrons to dine on the CityDeck and features dishes from local restaurants. Taste on Broadway has live entertainment and dishes served by local restaurants who compete for awards. Artour brings all-original songwriters to downtown area venues. IgNight hosts artisans, interactive art demonstrations, live entertainment, and life-size games. The Shipyard District hosts the annual All Bands On Deck live music festival with bands at downtown bars and restaurants and free shuttles between venues. The Broadway District hosts a farmer's market every Wednesday from May to October.
Points of interest
* Bay Beach Amusement Park
* Bay Beach Wildlife Sanctuary
The Bay Beach Wildlife Sanctuary is a 600-acre municipal urban wildlife refuge. It is the largest park in the Green Bay, Wisconsin Park system and home to the second largest wildlife rehabilitation program in Wisconsin. Facilities include a nature ...
* The Broadway District
* City Stadium, former home of the Packers
* Cofrin Memorial Arboretum
The Cofrin Memorial Arboretum 290 acres (120 hectares) surrounds the University of Wisconsin–Green Bay campus in Green Bay, Wisconsin, United States. Its six miles (10 km) of trails are open to the public.
Today's Arboretum began in 1971, w ...
* Fox River State Recreational Trail
The Fox River State Recreational Trail (also known as the Fox River Trail) is a trail along the Fox River in northeastern Wisconsin.
Route
The trail begins at the CityDeck in Green Bay, Wisconsin (), follows the Fox River south through De Per ...
* Green Bay Botanical Garden
Green Bay Botanical Garden (47 acres) is a nonprofit botanical garden located at 2600 Larsen Road, Green Bay, Wisconsin. It is open daily in the warmer months, or weekdays in the colder months; an admission fee is charged.
The gardens opened ...
* Joannes Stadium
* Lambeau Field
Lambeau Field is an outdoor athletic stadium in the north central United States, located in Green Bay, Wisconsin. The home field of the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL), it opened in 1957 as City Stadium, replacing ...
, home of the Green Bay Packers
* Meyer Theatre
The Meyer Theatre is a historic theater located in Green Bay, Wisconsin. Originally known as the Fox Theatre, the building was constructed in 1929 in the Art Deco and Spanish Colonial Revival architecture styles. Its opening on February 14, 1930, ...
* Neville Public Museum of Brown County
The Neville Public Museum of Brown County is an accredited cultural institution that champions history, science and art, named for Green Bay's 25th mayor, Arthur C. Neville. Located in downtown Green Bay, Wisconsin, the museum is dedicated t ...
* Northeast Wisconsin Technical College
Northeast Wisconsin Technical College (NWTC) is a public technical college with multiple locations in Wisconsin. The college serves nine Wisconsin counties with three campuses in Green Bay, Marinette, and Sturgeon Bay and five regional learn ...
* Packers Heritage Trail
The Packers Heritage Trail is a self-guided walking tour that traverses locations relating to the history of the Green Bay Packers. 22 of the sites have bronze commemorative plaques. 21 sites are located within a two-mile radius of downtown Green ...
* Resch Center
The Resch Center is a 10,200-seat multi-purpose arena, in Ashwaubenon, Wisconsin, United States built in 2002. It is the home of the University of Wisconsin–Green Bay Phoenix men's basketball team, the Green Bay Gamblers ice hockey tea ...
, home of the Green Bay Blizzard
Green is the color between cyan and yellow on the visible spectrum. It is evoked by light which has a dominant wavelength of roughly 495570 nm. In subtractive color systems, used in painting and color printing, it is created by a combin ...
and Green Bay Gamblers
* The Shipyard District
* Weidner Center
Shopping
Green Bay has one enclosed shopping mall, East Town Mall
East Town Mall is an enclosed shopping mall owned by Lexington Realty International and Case Equity Partners, in Green Bay, Wisconsin in the United States. It is the only enclosed shopping mall within the city of Green Bay.
History
A mall on th ...
, located within the city. The Bay Park Square shopping mall is located in the suburb of Ashwaubenon. The city was home to the first Shopko discount department store; it closed on April 22, 2019.
Public libraries
The Brown County Library (BCL) Central Branch is located in downtown Green Bay and has served as the county public library since 1968. The Central Branch is the headquarters for the BCL system, which encompasses all public libraries in Brown County, including eight branch libraries and a bookmobile that regularly visits locations throughout the county. In 1994, the Brown County Library was named Wisconsin Library of the Year.
Notable buildings
Sports
Other major sporting events in Green Bay include the Bellin Run and the Cellcom Green Bay Marathon. The Oneida Golf and Country Club (private) was established in 1928.
Government
Green Bay is governed by a mayor and a city council. The mayor is elected in a citywide vote. The city council consists of 12 members each elected from districts.
Mayors
* W. C. E. Thomas 1854
* Francis X. Desnoyers 1855
* H. E. Eastman 1856, 1857
* Burley Follett 1858, 1863
* Nathan Goodell 1859, 1864
* E. H. Ellis 1860
* Henry S. Baird 1861, 1862
* M. P. Lindsley 1865
* Charles D. Robinson
Charles D. Robinson (October 22, 1822 – September 25, 1886) was an American businessman and Democratic politician. He served as the 3rd Secretary of State of Wisconsin, and was the Mayor of Green Bay, Wisconsin, in 1866 and 1872.
Ear ...
1866, 1872
* James S. Marshall
James S. Marshall was the 11th Mayor of Green Bay, Wisconsin.
Biography
Marshall was born on March 22, 1819, in Poultney, Vermont, one of five children born to Stranis and Mabel Marshall. As a young man, he moved to St. Louis, Missouri
...
1868
* Anton Klaus
Anton Klaus (December 30, 1829 – July 22, 1897) was a German American immigrant, businessman, and politician. He served as the 12th mayor of Green Bay, Wisconsin.
Early life
Klaus was born in the town of Bruttig, in the Rhine Province ...
1868–1870
* Alonzo Kimball 1871, 1873
* Dr. C. E. Crane 1874–1875; 1877–1879
* Frederick S. Ellis 1876
* J. C. Neville 1880
* W. J. Abrams 1881, 1883–1884
* J. H. M. Wigman 1882
* Charles Hartung 1885–1887
* Arthur C. Neville 1888–1889
* James H. Elmore 1890–1895
* Frank B. Desnoyers 1896–1898
* Simon J. Murphy Jr. 1899–1901
* J. H. Tayler 1902–1903
* Robert E. Minahan 1904−1907
* Winford Abrams
Winford Abrams (January 20, 1868September 18, 1921) was an American public administrator and politician. He was the 31st Mayor of Green Bay, Wisconsin.
Biography
Abrams was born on January 20, 1868. His father, W. J. Abrams, was also Mayor ...
1908−1916
* Elmer S. Hall 1916−1920
* Wenzel Wiesner
Wenzel Wiesner (1877-1957) was a mayor of Green Bay, Wisconsin.
Biography
Mayor Wenzel Wiesner 1921 - 1927
Wenzel E. Wiesner was born on April 18, 1877, in Kewaunee County.
He married Emma Drabonzel in Kewaunee in 1899. They had two children, a ...
1921−1927
* James H. McGillan
James H. McGillan (January 7, 1870 – March 7, 1935) was mayor of Green Bay, Wisconsin.
Biography
McGillan was born on January 7, 1870, in Appleton, Wisconsin. He attended Lawrence University and the University of Wisconsin Law School. Followi ...
1927−1929
* John V. Diener
John Vernon Diener (January 23, 1887 – May 29, 1937) was an American politician who served as mayor of Green Bay, Wisconsin.
Biography
Diener was born in Baraboo, Wisconsin, in 1887. He graduated from Notre Dame Law School before moving to Gre ...
1929−1937
* John S. Farrell 1937−1938
* Alex Biemeret
Alexander Biemeret (February 28, 1877 – May 29, 1946) was an American politician who served as the 37th mayor of Green Bay, Wisconsin, from 1938 to 1945.
Biography
Biemeret was born on February 28, 1877. He died from myocardial infarction
...
1938−1945
* Dominic Olejniczak
Dominic John Olejniczak (August 18, 1908 – April 16, 1989) was a real estate broker, politician, and American football executive. Olejniczak served as an alderman of Green Bay, Wisconsin, from 1936 to 1944. He was then elected mayor, serving ...
1945−1955
* Otto Rachals
Otto Rachals was an American politician who served as the 39th mayor of Green Bay, Wisconsin from 1955 to 1959.
Early life and education
Rachals was born in Langlade County, Wisconsin on January 1, 1897.
Career
Rachals served as the 39th mayor o ...
1955−1959
* Roman Denissen
Roman Denissen (July 13, 1918 – January 21, 2008) was mayor of Green Bay, Wisconsin.
Biography
Denissen was born on July 13, 1918, in Bellevue, Wisconsin. His father, Matt, was Supervisor of Bellevue. Denissen married Ursula Carmody in 1939. ...
1959−1965
* Donald Tilleman
Donald Tilleman (February 23, 1919 – November 27, 1972) was mayor of Green Bay, Wisconsin.
Biography
Tilleman was born on February 23, 1919. He married Jane Steele of Reno, Nevada in 1940. They had seven children. Tilleman died on November 27, ...
1965−1972
* Harris Burgoyne 1972−1973
* Thomas Atkinson 1973−1975
* Michael Monfils
Michael R. Monfils (December 12, 1938 - May 11, 2021) was an American politician and a former mayor of Green Bay, Wisconsin.
Biography
Monfils was born on December 12, 1938 in Green Bay, Wisconsin. He attended Ss Peter and Paul School (Green Bay) ...
1975−1979
* Samuel J. Halloin 1979−1995
* Paul Jadin 1995−2003
* Jim Schmitt
James J. Schmitt (born June 7, 1958) is an American politician from Wisconsin. A Republican, he served as the mayor of Green Bay, Wisconsin, from 2003 to 2019, becoming the city's longest-serving mayor.
Personal life
The fourth of 11 children b ...
2003−2019
* Eric Genrich
Eric Genrich ( ; born October 8, 1979) is an American politician who has served as the mayor of Green Bay, Wisconsin, since 2019. Genrich previously represented Green Bay in the Wisconsin State Assembly from 2013 until 2019.
Early life and educat ...
2019−
Green Bay is represented by Mike Gallagher (R) in the United States House of Representatives
The United States House of Representatives, often referred to as the House of Representatives, the U.S. House, or simply the House, is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, with the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they ...
, and by Ron Johnson
Ronald Harold Johnson (born April 8, 1955) is an American accountant, businessman, and politician serving as the senior United States senator from Wisconsin, a seat he has held since 2011. A Republican, Johnson was first elected to the U.S. S ...
(R) and Tammy Baldwin
Tammy Suzanne Green Baldwin (born February 11, 1962) is an American lawyer and politician who has served as the junior United States senator from Wisconsin since 2013. A member of the Democratic Party, she served three terms in the Wisconsin St ...
(D) in the United States Senate
The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States.
The composition and pow ...
. Robert Cowles
Robert L. Cowles III (born July 31, 1950) is a Republican member of the Wisconsin Senate, representing the 2nd District since 1987. In August 2011, Cowles faced a recall election, but defeated the Democratic challenger, Nancy Nusbaum, 60 perce ...
(R) and Eric Wimberger
Eric Wimberger (born April 2, 1979) is an American attorney and Republican politician. He is a member of the Wisconsin State Senate, representing the 30th Senate district since 2021. The 30th district comprises the cities of Green Bay and De ...
(R) represent Green Bay in the Wisconsin State Senate
The Wisconsin Senate is the upper house of the Wisconsin State Legislature. Together with the larger Wisconsin State Assembly they constitute the legislative branch of the state of Wisconsin. The powers of the Wisconsin Senate are modeled after t ...
, and David Steffen
David Steffen is an American politician and businessman. He represents Wisconsin's 4th Assembly district, which includes parts of Green Bay, Howard, Allouez and Ashwaubenon.
Education
A native of Green Bay, Wisconsin, David Steffen gradu ...
(R), John Macco (R), and Kristina Shelton
Kristina Marie Shelton (' Sandherr; born June 2, 1980) is an American educator and politician. A Democrat, she represents the 90th district of the Wisconsin State Assembly, based in Green Bay, Wisconsin.
Early life and career
Shelton was bor ...
(D) represent Green Bay in the Wisconsin State Assembly
The Wisconsin State Assembly is the lower house of the Wisconsin Legislature. Together with the smaller Wisconsin Senate, the two constitute the legislative branch of the U.S. state of Wisconsin.
Representatives are elected for two-year terms, ...
.
Education
Green Bay is served by the Green Bay Area Public School District
Green Bay Area Public School District (GBAPS) is the fourth largest school district in Wisconsin. As of the 2020-2021 school year, GBAPS served more than 21,000 students in 36 schools and had 3,641 full-time equivalent (FTE) staff positions. A ...
. It operates twenty-five elementary schools, two K–8 schools, four middle schools, four high schools, and one alternative school in the city and surrounding area. Two of the city's high schools, East High School and West High School, have Wisconsin's longest consecutively-played high school football rivalry, played since 1905. Private schools in Green Bay include Notre Dame de la Baie Academy, Northeastern Wisconsin Lutheran High School
Northeastern Wisconsin Lutheran High School (abbreviated NEWLHS) is a Lutheran high school in Green Bay, Wisconsin. This school is part of the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod. NEW Lutheran has an enrollment of approximately 130 students.
The scho ...
, and Bay City Baptist School
Bay City Christian School is a school in Green Bay, Wisconsin affiliated with the Bay City Baptist Church of Green Bay. It includes preschool through 12th grade. The school is a member of the Wisconsin Association of Christian Schools (WACS).
H ...
.
Higher education
Green Bay area colleges and universities:
*Bellin College of Nursing
Bellin College is a private nursing school and graduate school in Bellevue, Wisconsin. It is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.
History
Bellin College was founded as Deaconess Sanitarium Training School for Nurses in 1909 by Dr. Juliu ...
*Concordia University Wisconsin
Concordia University Wisconsin (CUW) is a private Lutheran university in Mequon, Wisconsin. It is part of the eight-member Concordia University System operated by the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod (LCMS).
The university is a coeducational in ...
, Green Bay Center
*College of Menominee Nation
The College of Menominee Nation (CMN) is a private tribal land-grant community college. Chartered by the Menominee Nation, the college's main campus is in Keshena, Wisconsin; another is in Green Bay, near the reservation of the Oneida Nation o ...
* Lakeland College, Green Bay Center
*Medical College of Wisconsin
The Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW) is a private medical school, pharmacy school, and graduate school of sciences headquartered in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The school was established in 1893 and is the largest research center in eastern Wisconsin ...
– Green Bay campus
*Northeast Wisconsin Technical College
Northeast Wisconsin Technical College (NWTC) is a public technical college with multiple locations in Wisconsin. The college serves nine Wisconsin counties with three campuses in Green Bay, Marinette, and Sturgeon Bay and five regional learn ...
*Rasmussen College
Rasmussen University is a private for-profit university with multiple locations throughout the United States. It offers associate's, bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees at 23 campuses in Minnesota, Illinois, North Dakota, Florida, Wiscons ...
*University of Wisconsin-Green Bay
A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, th ...
Media
Green Bay is served by the ''Green Bay Press-Gazette
The ''Green Bay Press-Gazette'' is a newspaper whose primary coverage is of northeastern Wisconsin, including Green Bay. It was founded as the ''Green Bay Gazette'' in 1866 as a weekly paper, becoming a daily newspaper in 1871. The ''Green Ba ...
'' and ''The Press Times'', a locally published weekly newspaper introduced in March 2019. Another local newspaper, the ''Green Bay News-Chronicle
The ''Green Bay News-Chronicle'' (originally known as the ''Green Bay Daily News'') was a daily newspaper published in Green Bay, Wisconsin from 1972 to 2005. The paper was owned and operated by Denmark, Wisconsin-based Brown County Publishing ...
'', ceased publication in 2005.
Television stations in Green Bay are WBAY
WBAY-TV (channel 2) is a television station in Green Bay, Wisconsin, United States, affiliated with American Broadcasting Company, ABC and owned by Gray Television. The station's studios are located on South Jefferson Street in downtown Green B ...
(2), (ABC); WFRV
WFRV-TV (channel 5) is a television station in Green Bay, Wisconsin, United States, affiliated with CBS. Owned by Nexstar Media Group, the station maintains studios on East Mason Street in Green Bay, and its transmitter is located north of Mor ...
(5), (CBS
CBS Broadcasting Inc., commonly shortened to CBS, the abbreviation of its former legal name Columbia Broadcasting System, is an American commercial broadcast television and radio network serving as the flagship property of the CBS Entertainm ...
); WLUK
WLUK-TV (channel 11) is a television station in Green Bay, Wisconsin, United States, affiliated with the Fox network. It is owned by Sinclair Broadcast Group alongside Suring-licensed CW affiliate WCWF (channel 14). Both stations share stud ...
(11), (FOX
Foxes are small to medium-sized, omnivorous mammals belonging to several genera of the family Canidae. They have a flattened skull, upright, triangular ears, a pointed, slightly upturned snout, and a long bushy tail (or ''brush'').
Twelve sp ...
);
WCWF (14), ( CW); WGBA
WGBA-TV (channel 26) is a television station in Green Bay, Wisconsin, United States, affiliated with NBC. It is owned by the E. W. Scripps Company alongside Appleton-licensed independent station WACY-TV (channel 32). Both stations share studi ...
(26), (NBC
The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) is an American English-language commercial broadcast television and radio network. The flagship property of the NBC Entertainment division of NBCUniversal, a division of Comcast, its headquarters are l ...
); WACY (32), (IND
Ind or IND may refer to:
General
* Independent (politician), a politician not affiliated to any political party
* Independent station, used within television program listings and the television industry for a station that is not affiliated with ...
); and WPNE (38), (PBS
The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is an American public broadcaster and non-commercial, free-to-air television network based in Arlington, Virginia. PBS is a publicly funded nonprofit organization and the most prominent provider of educat ...
).
Infrastructure
Transportation
Railroads
From 1896 to 1993 the city was the headquarters of the Green Bay and Western Railroad
The Green Bay and Western Railroad served central Wisconsin for almost 100 years before it was absorbed into the Wisconsin Central in 1993. For much of its history the railroad was also known as the Green Bay Route. At the end of 1970 it operat ...
. In 1993, the line was purchased by the Wisconsin Central. In 2001, the WC was merged into the Canadian National Railway. The Chicago and North Western Railway
The Chicago and North Western was a Class I railroad in the Midwestern United States. It was also known as the "North Western". The railroad operated more than of track at the turn of the 20th century, and over of track in seven states befor ...
also served Green Bay and its depot
Depot ( or ) may refer to:
Places
* Depot, Poland, a village
* Depot Island, Kemp Land, Antarctica
* Depot Island, Victoria Land, Antarctica
* Depot Island Formation, Greenland
Brands and enterprises
* Maxwell Street Depot, a restaurant in ...
still stands. Green Bay was last served with a regular passenger train, the CNW's ''Peninsula 400
The ''Peninsula 400'' was a daily express passenger train operated by the Chicago and North Western Railway between Chicago and Ishpeming, in Michigan's Upper Peninsula. It operated as a named consist from 1942 to 1969. It was one of the railro ...
,'' in 1971. The CNW sold its trackage from Green Bay south to Sheboygan in 1987 to the Fox River Valley Railroad
The Fox River Valley Railroad was a short-lived railroad in eastern Wisconsin, US from 1988 to 1993 with about 214 miles of track, all of which was former Chicago and North Western Railway trackage. The line ran from Green Bay, Wisconsin, to th ...
, which became part of the WC in 1993. Green Bay also saw passenger service from the Milwaukee Road's Chippewa-Hiawatha
The ''Chippewa'' consisting of mostly conventional components, and later known as the ''Chippewa-Hiawatha'', with a streamlined consist was a passenger train operated by the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad ("Milwaukee Road") bet ...
, which ran from Chicago into the upper peninsula of Michigan
The Upper Peninsula of Michigan – also known as Upper Michigan or colloquially the U.P. – is the northern and more elevated of the two major landmasses that make up the U.S. state of Michigan; it is separated from the Lower Peninsula by ...
. Green Bay is also served by the Escanaba and Lake Superior Railroad
The Escanaba & Lake Superior Railroad is a Class III shortline railroad that operates of track in Northeastern Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Its main line runs from Rockland, Michigan, to Green Bay, Wisconsin, and it also own ...
.
Airport
Green Bay is served by Green Bay–Austin Straubel International Airport, located in Ashwaubenon just west of the city.
Highways
* I-43
Interstate 43 (I-43) is a Interstate Highway located entirely within the US state of Wisconsin, connecting I-39/ I-90 in Beloit with Milwaukee and I-41, U.S. Highway 41 (US 41) and US 141 in Green Bay. State Trunk Highwa ...
Northbound terminates at the northwestern side of Green Bay. Southbound continues to Manitowoc and Milwaukee
Milwaukee ( ), officially the City of Milwaukee, is both the most populous and most densely populated city in the U.S. state of Wisconsin and the county seat of Milwaukee County. With a population of 577,222 at the 2020 census, Milwaukee ...
.
* I-41
Interstate 41 (I-41) is a north–south Interstate Highway connecting the interchange of I-94 and U.S. Route 41 (US 41), located south of the Wisconsin–Illinois border at the end of the Tri-State Tollway in metropolitan C ...
Northbound terminates at the northwestern side of Green Bay. Southbound continues to Appleton and Milwaukee.
* US 41
U.S. Route 41, also U.S. Highway 41 (US 41), is a major north–south United States Numbered Highway that runs from Miami, Florida, to the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Until 1949, the part in southern Florida, from Naples to Miami, ...
travels towards Marinette, and south concurrently with I-41
Interstate 41 (I-41) is a north–south Interstate Highway connecting the interchange of I-94 and U.S. Route 41 (US 41), located south of the Wisconsin–Illinois border at the end of the Tri-State Tollway in metropolitan C ...
.
* US 141
US Highway 141 (US 141) is a north–south United States Numbered Highway in the states of Wisconsin and Michigan. The highway runs north-northwesterly from an interchange with Interstate 43 (I-43) in Bellevue, Wisconsin, near Green ...
begins east of Green Bay in Bellevue Bellevue means "beautiful view" in French. It may refer to:
Placenames
Australia
* Bellevue, Western Australia
* Bellevue Hill, New South Wales
* Bellevue, Queensland
* Bellevue, Glebe, an historic house in Sydney, New South Wales
Canada ...
, and continues north towards Crivitz and Iron Mountain, Michigan
Iron Mountain is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 7,518 at the 2020 census, down from 7,624 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Dickinson County, in the state's Upper Peninsula. Iron Mountain was named for the va ...
.
* WIS 29
State Trunk Highway 29 (often called Highway 29, STH-29 or WIS 29) is a Wisconsin State Trunk Highway System, state highway running east–west across central Wisconsin. It is a major east–west corridor connecting the Minneapolis ...
travels east towards Kewaunee, and west towards Shawano and Wausau.
* WIS 32
State Trunk Highway 32 (often called Highway 32, STH-32 or WIS 32) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Wisconsin that runs north–south in eastern Wisconsin. It runs from the Illinois border (at Illinois Route 137) north to the Michigan bord ...
travels north towards Pulaski, and south towards Chilton and Milwaukee.
* WIS 54
State Trunk Highway 54 (often called Highway 54, STH-54 or WIS 54) is a Wisconsin state highway running east–west across central Wisconsin. It is in length.
Route description Minnesota state line to Plover
WIS 54 begins at the we ...
travels east to Algoma, and west towards Seymour.
* WIS 57
Wisconsin Highway 57 (often called Highway 57, STH-57 or WIS 57) is a state highway in Wisconsin, United States. It runs from its southern terminus at Wisconsin Highway 59 in Milwaukee to its northern terminus at Wisconsin Highway 42 in ...
travels north towards Sturgeon Bay, and south towards Milwaukee.
* WIS 172 begins at I-43 in Bellevue Bellevue means "beautiful view" in French. It may refer to:
Placenames
Australia
* Bellevue, Western Australia
* Bellevue Hill, New South Wales
* Bellevue, Queensland
* Bellevue, Glebe, an historic house in Sydney, New South Wales
Canada ...
and travels west to Hobart.
Local transit
Green Bay Metro provides mass transit bus service throughout Green Bay and the surrounding suburbs.
Jefferson Lines
Jefferson Lines (JL or JLI) is a regional intercity bus company operating in the United States. Their current operations expands over 14 states throughout the Midwest.
Background
The company is operated by Jefferson Partners L.P., located in Mi ...
, Indian Trails
Indian Trails, Inc. is an inter-city bus company based in Owosso, Michigan, with offices in Romulus (in Metro Detroit) and Kalamazoo.
History
Indian Trails was founded in 1910 in Owosso as the Phillips-Taylor Livery Service, whose main busi ...
, and Lamers Bus Lines provide intercity transportation from the central Green Bay Metro station which is downtown.
=Via on-demand transit
=
In April 2020, Green Bay Metro partnered with Via Transportation
Via Transportation, Inc. is a global public transport, logistics, and Transit Tech company headquartered in New York City. Via was founded in 2012. Via licenses its technology to cities, transportation authorities, school districts, universiti ...
to launc
GBM Paratransit
a service for riders with disabilities who are not accommodated by tradition fixed route transit. To qualify for the service, paratransit
Paratransit is the term used in North America, also known by other names such as community transport ( UK) for transportation services that supplement fixed-route mass transit by providing individualized rides without fixed routes or timetables. ...
riders must complete a
eligibility application
on the Green Bay Metro website. After receiving an application, service operators will respond within 21 days to communicate the rider's eligibility status. Users can download the GBM Paratransit app or call the service directly to schedule a ride.
After the success of GBM Paratransit, Green Bay Metro partnered with Via Transportation
Via Transportation, Inc. is a global public transport, logistics, and Transit Tech company headquartered in New York City. Via was founded in 2012. Via licenses its technology to cities, transportation authorities, school districts, universiti ...
again in August 2020 to launch GBM On Demand, the first micro-transit service in the state of Wisconsin. While GBM Paratransit requires a
application
and caters to users with disabilities are not accommodated by traditional fixed route transit, GBM On Demand is accessible to everyone. GBM On Demand complements existing infrastructure with easy and affordable shared rides near residential neighborhoods, transit hubs an
various destinations
Users request a ride through the mobile app ''GBM On Demand'' or by phone. All on demand rides are ADA accessible and are the same price as the traditional Green Bay Metro bus
A bus (contracted from omnibus, with variants multibus, motorbus, autobus, etc.) is a road vehicle that carries significantly more passengers than an average car or van. It is most commonly used in public transport, but is also in use for cha ...
fare. Riders can pay for the service directly through the app with a credit card
A credit card is a payment card issued to users (cardholders) to enable the cardholder to pay a merchant for goods and services based on the cardholder's accrued debt (i.e., promise to the card issuer to pay them for the amounts plus the o ...
, cash or their Metro day, weekly or monthly pass. The daytime service operates M–F 5:45am–8:45pm and Saturday 7:45am–3:45pm and the nighttime service operates M–F 8:45pm–10:45pm.
Water
Green Bay is served by the Port of Green Bay. The port handled 1.99 million tons of cargo in 2015. The primary shipments into and out of the port include coal, limestone, salt, and cement.
Utilities
Electricity
Green Bay is served by Wisconsin Public Service Corporation
Wisconsin Public Service Corporation (WPS) is a utility company headquartered in Green Bay, Wisconsin. The company serves more than 450,000 electric customers and more than 333,000 natural gas customers in 27 counties in eastern, northeastern no ...
. The J. P. Pulliam Generating Station
J. P. Pulliam Generating Station was an electrical power station powered by sub-bituminous coal, which could also be substituted by natural gas. It was located in Green Bay, Wisconsin in Brown County. The plant was named after the former Wisco ...
has been demolished and no longer operates within the city.
Water
Water service is provided to the city by the Green Bay Water Utility.
Sewer service is provided by the Green Bay Metropolitan Sewerage District, also known as NEW Water.
Health care
Green Bay is the headquarters of Bellin Health and Prevea Health, regional health care providers.
Green Bay is home to four hospitals: Aurora Baycare Medical Center, Bellin Hospital, St. Mary's Hospital Medical Center
St. Mary's Hospital Medical Center is a 158-bed not-for-profit hospital located in Green Bay, Wisconsin. It is part of the Hospital Sisters Health System.
History
St. Mary's Hospital Medical Center was created in 1903 by the Congregation of the S ...
, and St. Vincent Hospital.
Green Bay is also home to the Milo C. Huempfner VA Outpatient Clinic, and Bellin Psychiatric Center and Willow Creek Behavioral Health, the city's two psychiatric hospital
Psychiatric hospitals, also known as mental health hospitals, behavioral health hospitals, are hospitals or wards specializing in the treatment of severe mental disorders, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, eating disorders, dissociat ...
s.
Law enforcement
The Green Bay Police Department was established in on August 27, 1857, when the Green Bay Police Corps was established, and Henry Baird was named Chief of Police. The Green Bay Police Department provides many specialized services such as a Dive Team, Harbor Patrol, Motorcycle Patrol, and a S.W.A.T. Team.
Since the establishment of the Green Bay Police Department, one officer has died in the line of duty.
Notable people
Gallery
File:South Village Historical District,Greenbay,WI.jpg, South Village Historical District
File:Downtown Green Bay 2.JPG, Adams Street
File:Downtown Green Bay 4.JPG, Downtown Green Bay YMCA
File:South Side residence in Greenbay,WI.jpg, Large South Side home
File:Near East Side Green Bay 2.JPG, South Washington Street on the near east side of Green Bay
File:Downtown office building Green Bay.JPG, The Northern Building
File:Schreiber Foods Headquarters.jpg, Schreiber Foods
Schreiber Foods Inc., is a dairy company which produces and distributes natural cheese, processed cheese, cream cheese and yogurt. It is an employee-owned customer brand dairy company headquartered in Green Bay, Wisconsin. With more than $5 billi ...
Headquarters, downtown
File:Green Bay Along Fox River Wisconsin.JPG, View of Downtown from the Fox River
File:East side of Green Bay.JPG, The east side of Green Bay
File:Thomefountain.jpg, Thome Fountain, in Green Bay Botanical Garden
Green Bay Botanical Garden (47 acres) is a nonprofit botanical garden located at 2600 Larsen Road, Green Bay, Wisconsin. It is open daily in the warmer months, or weekdays in the colder months; an admission fee is charged.
The gardens opened ...
File:GTW 4623 Leads a southbound train in Green Bay.png
Sister city
* Irapuato
Irapuato is a Mexican city (and municipality) located at the foot of the Arandas Hill (in Spanish: ''Cerro de Arandas''), in the central region of the state of Guanajuato. It lies between the Silao River and the Guanajuato River, a tributary of ...
, Guanajuato, Mexico (since 2006)
Notes
References
External links
*
Greater Green Bay Convention & Visitor Bureau
* Sanborn fire insurance maps
18831887189419001907
{{Authority control
Cities in Brown County, Wisconsin
Cities in Wisconsin
Wisconsin populated places on Lake Michigan
Inland port cities and towns in Wisconsin
County seats in Wisconsin
History of the Green Bay Packers
Green Bay metropolitan area
Populated places established in 1634
Belgian-American culture in Wisconsin
1634 establishments in the French colonial empire