''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like

nematode The nematodes ( or grc-gre, Νηματώδη; la, Nematoda) or roundworms constitute the phylum Nematoda (also called Nemathelminthes), with plant-Parasitism, parasitic nematodes also known as eelworms. They are a diverse animal phylum inhab ...

that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the

Subuluridae Subuluridae is a family of spirurian nematodes which, together with the two species of Maupasinidae, make up the superfamily Subuluroidea. Like all nematodes, they have neither a circulatory nor a respiratory system. They number about one ...

, which are not closely related to ''Gongylonema'' among the Spiruria – might actually belong here. They are parasites of birds and

mammal Mammals () are a group of vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia (), characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a region of the brain), fur or ...

s, transmitted by insects (especially beetles). Some 38 species are known, about 12 of which have been recorded in Europe. Several species are significant parasites of domestic animals, causing

gongylonemiasis ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which are ...

. Human infection by these nematodes is very rare: since its discovery fewer than 100 people have been reported to be infected with these parasites, always with the species '' G. pulchrum''.

Species

* ''

Gongylonema aegypti ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which a ...

'' Ashour & Lewis, 1986 * ''

Gongylonema aequispicularis ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which a ...

'' Kadenazii, 1957 * ''

Gongylonema alecturae ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which are ...

'' Johnston & Mawson, 1942 * ''

Gongylonema baylisi ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which ar ...

'' Freitas & Lent, 1937 * ''

Gongylonema beveridgei ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which ar ...

'' Mawson, 1971 * ''

Gongylonema brevispiculum ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which ar ...

'' Seurat, 1914 * ''

Gongylonema caucasica ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which ar ...

'' Kurashvili, 1941 * ''

Gongylonema confusum ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which ar ...

'' Sonsino, 1896 * ''

Gongylonema congolense ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which ar ...

'' Fain, 1955 * ''

Gongylonema dipodomysi ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which ar ...

'' Kruidenier & Peebles, 1958 * ''

Gongylonema dupuisi ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which ar ...

'' Quentin, 1965 * ''

Gongylonema fotedari ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which ar ...

'' Gupta & Trivedi, 1986 * ''

Gongylonema graberi ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which ar ...

'' Barre, 1980 * ''

Gongylonema ingluvicola ''Gongylonema ingluvicola'' is a species in the genus ''Gongylonema''. It is one of the spirurid nematodes that infect a vast array of animals throughout the world. Infections have been noted in both humans and in animals ranging from cows to bi ...

'' Ransom, 1904 * '' Gongylonema longispiculum'' Schulz, 1927 * ''

Gongylonema macrogubernaculum ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which ar ...

'' Lubimov, 1931 * '' Gongylonema madeleinensis'' Diouf, Bâ, Marchand & Vassiliadès, 1997 * ''

Gongylonema marsupialis ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which are ...

'' Vaz & Pereira, 1934 * ''

Gongylonema mesasiatica ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which a ...

'' Sultanov, 1961 * '' Gongylonema metopidiusi'' Gupta & Kumar, 1977 * ''

Gongylonema mexicanum ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which a ...

'' Caballero & Zerecero, 1944 * ''

Gongylonema minimum ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which ar ...

'' Molin, 1857 * '' Gongylonema monnigi'' * '' Gongylonema mucronatum'' Seurat, 1916 * ''

Gongylonema musculi ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which a ...

Rudolphi Karl Asmund Rudolphi (14 July 1771 – 29 November 1832) was a Swedish-born German naturalist, who is credited with being the "father of helminthology". Life Rudolphi was born in Stockholm to German parents. He was awarded his PhD in 1793 a ...

, 1819 * ''

Gongylonema neoplasticum ''Gongylonema neoplasticum'' (more famously as ''Spiroptera carcinoma'') is a roundworm parasite of rats. It was discovered by a Danish physician Johannes Fibiger in 1907. Fibiger and Hjalmar Ditlevsen made a formal description in 1914 as ''Spir ...

'' Fibiger & Ditlevsen, 1914 * ''

Gongylonema pacoi ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which are ...

'' Hernandez & Gutierrez, 1992 * ''

Gongylonema pithyusensis ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which are ...

'' Mas-Coma, 1977 * '' Gongylonema problematicum'' Schulz, 1924 * ''

Gongylonema pulchrum ''Gongylonema pulchrum'' is the only parasite of the genus ''Gongylonema'' capable of infecting humans. ''Gongylonema pulchrum'' infections are due to humans acting as accidental hosts for the parasite. There are seven genera of spirudia nematod ...

'' Molin, 1857 * ''

Gongylonema rodhaini ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which are ...

'' Fain, 1948 * ''

Gongylonema saimirisi ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which are ...

'' Artigas, 1933 * ''

Gongylonema soricis ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Raffaele Molin, Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family (biology), family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious ''Spiruroides'' – usually place ...

'' Fain, 1955 * '' Gongylonema spalacis'' Schulz, 1927 * ''

Gongylonema verrucosum ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which ar ...

'' Giles, 1892

References

Spirurida Parasitic nematodes of vertebrates Secernentea genera {{parasitic animal-stub