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Subuluridae
Subuluridae is a family of spirurian nematodes which, together with the two species of Maupasinidae, make up the superfamily Subuluroidea. Like all nematodes, they have neither a circulatory nor a respiratory system. They number about one dozen genera and somewhat over 100 species, and are parasites of amniotes, chiefly birds and mammals.Hallan (2007) Systematics Several subfamilies are very small or even monotypic, and might not be valid. '' Spiruroides'' might actually belong in the Gongylonematidae ''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which are ..., which are not closely related to the Subuluridae as far as Spiruria go. Subfamily Allodapinae Inglis, 1958 * '' Allodapa'' Diesing, 1861 * '' Aulonocephalus'' Chandler, 1935 Subfamily Labiobulurinae Quentin, 1969 * '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gongylonematidae
''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which are not closely related to ''Gongylonema'' among the Spiruria – might actually belong here. They are parasites of birds and mammals, transmitted by insects (especially beetles). Some 38 species are known, about 12 of which have been recorded in Europe. Several species are significant parasites of domestic animals, causing gongylonemiasis. Human infection by these nematodes is very rare: since its discovery fewer than 100 people have been reported to be infected with these parasites, always with the species '' G. pulchrum''. Species * '' Gongylonema aegypti'' Ashour & Lewis, 1986 * '' Gongylonema aequispicularis'' Kadenazii, 1957 * '' Gongylonema alecturae'' Johnston & Mawson, 1942 * ''Gongylonema baylisi'' Freitas & Lent, 1937 * ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ascaridina
The suborder Ascaridina contains the bulk of the Ascaridida, parasitic roundworms with three "lips" on the anterior end. The Ascaridida were formerly placed in the subclass Rhabditia by some, but morphological and DNA sequence data rather unequivocally assigns them to the Spiruria. The Oxyurida and Rhigonematida are occasionally placed in the Ascaridina as superfamily Oxyuroidea, but while they seem indeed to be Spiruria, they are not as close to ''Ascaris'' as such a treatment would place them. These "worms" contain a number of important parasites of humans and domestic animals, namely in the superfamily Ascaridoidea. Systematics The Ascaridina contain the following superfamilies and families:ToL (2002), SN2K (2008) Superfamily Ascaridoidea * Acanthocheilidae * Anisakidae * Ascarididae * Crossophoridae * Goeziidae * Raphidascarididae (disputed) * Toxocaridae Superfamily Cosmocercoidea * Atractidae * Cosmocercidae * Kathlaniidae Superfamily Heterakoidea * As ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Animal
Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the Kingdom (biology), biological kingdom Animalia. With few exceptions, animals Heterotroph, consume organic material, Cellular respiration#Aerobic respiration, breathe oxygen, are Motility, able to move, can Sexual reproduction, reproduce sexually, and go through an ontogenetic stage in which their body consists of a hollow sphere of Cell (biology), cells, the blastula, during Embryogenesis, embryonic development. Over 1.5 million Extant taxon, living animal species have been Species description, described—of which around 1 million are Insecta, insects—but it has been estimated there are over 7 million animal species in total. Animals range in length from to . They have Ecology, complex interactions with each other and their environments, forming intricate food webs. The scientific study of animals is known as zoology. Most living animal species are in Bilateria, a clade whose members have a Symmetry in biology#Bilate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amniote
Amniotes are a clade of tetrapod vertebrates that comprises sauropsids (including all reptiles and birds, and extinct parareptiles and non-avian dinosaurs) and synapsids (including pelycosaurs and therapsids such as mammals). They are distinguished from the other tetrapod clade — the amphibians — by the development of three extraembryonic membranes ( amnion for embryoic protection, chorion for gas exchange, and allantois for metabolic waste disposal or storage), thicker and more keratinized skin, and costal respiration (breathing by expanding/constricting the rib cage). All three main features listed above, namely the presence of an amniotic buffer, water-impermeable cutes and a robust respiratory system, are very important for amniotes to live on land as true terrestrial animals – the ability to reproduce in locations away from water bodies, better homeostasis in drier environments, and more efficient air respiration to power terrestrial locomotions, although the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alain Chabaud
Alain Chabaud (13 March 1923 – 11 March 2013) was a French parasitologist, mainly a specialist of nematodes and sporozoa. He was the Director of the Laboratoire de Zoologie (Vers) in the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris from 1960 to 1989. He was one of the founders of the Société Française de Parasitologie in 1962 and its president until 1975, and president of the Société zoologique de France in 1967. Taxa named in his honour Chabaud's name is honoured in many parasite taxa described by his colleagues. The most famous species named in the honour of Chabaud is ''Plasmodium chabaudi'' Landau, 1965, a species studied in many laboratories. Several genera of Nematoda were named in the honour of Chabaud, including '' Chabaudacuaria'' Mutafchiev & Kinsella, 2012, '' Chabaudechina'' Smales, 1999, '' Chabaudgolvania'' Freitas, 1958 (also honouring French parasitologist Jean-Yves Golvan). '' Chabaudus chabaudi'' Inglis & Ogden, 1965 has both genus and species names ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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