''Gomphus'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of
cantharelloid fungi
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from ...
in the family
Gomphaceae
The Gomphaceae are a diverse family of fungi belonging in what is classically known as the Phallales
The Phallales are an order of fungi in the subclass Phallomycetidae. The order contains two families: the Claustulaceae, and the Phallaceae ...
.
Once presumed to be related to
chanterelle
Chanterelle is the common name of several species of fungi in the genera '' Cantharellus'', '' Craterellus'', '' Gomphus'', and ''Polyozellus''. They are among the most popular of wild edible mushrooms. They are orange, yellow or white, meaty a ...
s, molecular study has shown them to be allied with
stinkhorns
Phallaceae is a family of fungi, commonly known as stinkhorns, within the order Phallales. Stinkhorns have a worldwide distribution, but are especially prevalent in tropical regions. They are known for their foul-smelling, sticky spore masses, ...
and
fairy clubs. The
type species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ...
of the genus is the pig's ear (''
G. clavatus'').
Christiaan Hendrik Persoon
Christiaan Hendrik Persoon (1 February 1761 – 16 November 1836) was a German mycologist who made additions to Linnaeus' mushroom taxonomy.
Early life
Persoon was born in South Africa at the Cape of Good Hope, the third child of an immig ...
named the genus in 1797, but did not assign any species to it at the time.
The generic name is derived from the
Greek
Greek may refer to:
Greece
Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe:
*Greeks, an ethnic group.
*Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family.
**Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...
'γομφος' ''gomphos'' meaning 'plug' or 'large wedge-shaped nail'.
[
]
Species
, Index Fungorum
''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names ( scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and the Institute of M ...
accepts 18 species of ''Gomphus'':G. brasiliensis
G is the seventh letter of the Latin alphabet.
G may also refer to:
Places
* Gabon, international license plate code G
* Glasgow, UK postal code G
* Eastern Quebec, Canadian postal prefix G
* Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne, Australia, g ...
'' Corner 1970 – South America
*'' G. brunneus'' (Heinem.) Corner 1966 – Mexico
*'' G. calakmulensis'' Villegas & Cifuentes 2010 – southeastern Mexico
*'' G. cavipes'' Corner 1970 – South America
*'' G. clavatus'' (Pers.) Gray 1821 – Europe, North America
*'' G. crassipes'' (L.M.Dufour) Maire 1937 – Spain and North Africa
*'' G. megasporus'' Corner 1970 – Pakistan
*'' G. ochraceus'' (Pat.) Singer 1945
*'' G. orientalis'' R.H.Petersen & M.Zang 1996 – China
*'' G. pleurobrunnescens'' Villegas & A.Kong 2010 – southeastern Mexico
*'' G. szechwanensis'' R.H.Petersen 1972 – Tibet
*'' G. thiersii'' R.H.Petersen 1971 – USA
*'' G. yunnanensis'' R.H.Petersen & M.Zang 1996 – China
There are several undescribed species in the forests of Myrtle beech (''Nothofagus cunninghamii
''Nothofagus cunninghamii,'' commonly known as myrtle beech or Tasmanian myrtle, is the dominant species of cool temperate rainforests in Tasmania and Southern Victoria. It has low fire resistance and grows best in partial shade conditions.
It ...
'') in Tasmania
)
, nickname =
, image_map = Tasmania in Australia.svg
, map_caption = Location of Tasmania in AustraliaCoordinates:
, subdivision_type = Country
, subdi ...
.[Fuhrer B (2005) A Field Guide to Australian Fungi. Bloomings Books. ] Bruce Fuhrer noticed in 1992 that the large and ornamented spores of these species resembled those of the genera ''Ramaria
The genus ''Ramaria'' comprises approximately 200 species of coral fungi. Several, such as '' Ramaria flava'', are edible and picked in Europe, though they are easily confused with several mildly poisonous species capable of causing nausea, vomi ...
'' and '' Beenakia''.
References
Gomphaceae
Agaricomycetes genera
Taxa named by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon
{{Gomphales-stub