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The Gemeente Vervoerbedrijf Amsterdam (, GVB ;
English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national ide ...
: Amsterdam Municipality Transportation
Company A company, abbreviated as co., is a Legal personality, legal entity representing an association of people, whether Natural person, natural, Legal person, legal or a mixture of both, with a specific objective. Company members share a common p ...
)Sometimes also written Gemeentevervoerbedrijf in Dutch. is the municipal
public transport Public transport (also known as public transportation, public transit, mass transit, or simply transit) is a system of transport for passengers by group travel systems available for use by the general public unlike private transport, typical ...
operator for
Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the Capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population ...
, the
capital Capital may refer to: Common uses * Capital city, a municipality of primary status ** List of national capital cities * Capital letter, an upper-case letter Economics and social sciences * Capital (economics), the durable produced goods used f ...
of the
Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...
, operating
metro Metro, short for metropolitan, may refer to: Geography * Metro (city), a city in Indonesia * A metropolitan area, the populated region including and surrounding an urban center Public transport * Rapid transit, a passenger railway in an urba ...
,
tram A tram (called a streetcar or trolley in North America) is a rail vehicle that travels on tramway tracks on public urban streets; some include segments on segregated right-of-way. The tramlines or networks operated as public transport are ...
,
bus A bus (contracted from omnibus, with variants multibus, motorbus, autobus, etc.) is a road vehicle that carries significantly more passengers than an average car or van. It is most commonly used in public transport, but is also in use for cha ...
and
ferry A ferry is a ship, watercraft or amphibious vehicle used to carry passengers, and sometimes vehicles and cargo, across a body of water. A passenger ferry with many stops, such as in Venice, Italy, is sometimes called a water bus or water taxi ...
services in the
metropolitan area A metropolitan area or metro is a region that consists of a densely populated urban agglomeration and its surrounding territories sharing industries, commercial areas, transport network, infrastructures and housing. A metro area usually com ...
of Amsterdam.


History

The forerunner of the GVB, the ''Gemeentetram Amsterdam'' (GTA) (Amsterdam Municipal Tramway), was established on 1 January 1900 by the city after it acquired a number of private companies. The first electric tram ran on 14 August 1900. In 1925, the GTA introduced its first bus line. In 1943, Gemeentetram merged with Gemeenteveren Amsterdam (established in 1897), the municipal ferry company, to form Gemeente Vervoerbedrijf Amsterdam (municipal transport company). In 1977, the first metro line was introduced. By 2002, the organization was simply called GVB. In 2007, the GVB became a private corporation under the name GVB Activa B.V., wholly owned by the City of Amsterdam; previously, the GVB was part of the City Of Amsterdam. Between 2006 and 2016,
Stadsregio Amsterdam The Amsterdam regional transport authority ( nl, Vervoerregio Amsterdam) is an administrative partnership of 14 municipalities in the province of North Holland, comprising and located around Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on th ...
was the authority responsible for all public transport in the greater Amsterdam area; it granted a
concession (contract) A concession or concession agreement is a grant of rights, land or property by a government, local authority, corporation, individual or other legal entity. Public services such as water supply may be operated as a concession. In the case of a p ...
to the GVB to provide public transport services. In 2010, Stadsregio Amsterdam extended the concession of the GVB for the period 2012–2017, and at the end of 2013, further extended it until 2024. On 1 January 2017, Vervoerregio Amsterdam replaced
Stadsregio Amsterdam The Amsterdam regional transport authority ( nl, Vervoerregio Amsterdam) is an administrative partnership of 14 municipalities in the province of North Holland, comprising and located around Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on th ...
as the public transport authority for the greater Amsterdam area.


Network

The GVB operates a number of public transportation networks in and around the city of Amsterdam, including: * 5
metro Metro, short for metropolitan, may refer to: Geography * Metro (city), a city in Indonesia * A metropolitan area, the populated region including and surrounding an urban center Public transport * Rapid transit, a passenger railway in an urba ...
lines, partly elevated, no
level crossing A level crossing is an intersection where a railway line crosses a road, Trail, path, or (in rare situations) airport runway, at the same level, as opposed to the railway line crossing over or under using an Overpass#Railway, overpass ...
s. * 14
tram A tram (called a streetcar or trolley in North America) is a rail vehicle that travels on tramway tracks on public urban streets; some include segments on segregated right-of-way. The tramlines or networks operated as public transport are ...
routes, on street, partly mixed with all other traffic, partly on lanes shared with buses and taxis, and partly on separate lanes. * 46
bus A bus (contracted from omnibus, with variants multibus, motorbus, autobus, etc.) is a road vehicle that carries significantly more passengers than an average car or van. It is most commonly used in public transport, but is also in use for cha ...
routes; buses often mix with other traffic, but sometimes on lanes shared with trams and taxis, or for buses only. * 10
Ferry A ferry is a ship, watercraft or amphibious vehicle used to carry passengers, and sometimes vehicles and cargo, across a body of water. A passenger ferry with many stops, such as in Venice, Italy, is sometimes called a water bus or water taxi ...
routes across the IJ; at least one is frequent, operating 24 hours a day, free of charge. In addition, a new metro line, the
North/South line The Amsterdam Metro ( nl, Amsterdamse metro) is a rapid transit system serving Amsterdam, Netherlands, and extending to the surrounding municipalities of Diemen and Ouder-Amstel. Until 2019 it also served the municipality of Amstelveen but thi ...
was opened on 22 July 2018.


Metro

* (standard gauge) * Power: 750V DC (
third rail A third rail, also known as a live rail, electric rail or conductor rail, is a method of providing electric power to a railway locomotive or train, through a semi-continuous rigid conductor placed alongside or between the rails of a railway t ...
) * Amsterdam,
Diemen Diemen () is a town and municipality with a population of in the province of North Holland, Netherlands. It is located approximately 6 km (3.7 mi) southeast of Amsterdam's city centre, within the Amsterdam metropolitan area. Etymology The name ...
,
Ouder-Amstel Ouder-Amstel () is a municipality in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. Population centres The municipality of Ouder-Amstel consists of the following cities, towns, villages and/or districts: Duivendrecht, Ouderkerk aan de Amstel ...


Metro routes

* 50: Isolatorweg – Station SloterdijkStation LelylaanStation ZuidStation Bijlmer ArenA – Gein * 51: Isolatorweg – Station SloterdijkStation LelylaanStation ZuidAmstelstationCentraal Station * 52: Station Zuid
Rokin The Rokin is a canal and major street in the centre of Amsterdam. The street runs from Muntplein, Amsterdam, Muntplein square to Dam Square, Dam square. The Rokin canal used to run from Muntplein square to Dam Square, but in 1936, the part between ...
Amsterdam Centraal - Station Noord * 53:
Amsterdam Centraal Amsterdam Centraal Station ( nl, italic=no, Station Amsterdam Centraal ; abbreviation: Asd) is the largest railway station in Amsterdam, North Holland, the Netherlands. A major international railway hub, it is used by 192,000 passengers a day, ...
AmstelstationStation Diemen Zuid – Gaasperplas * 54:
Amsterdam Centraal Amsterdam Centraal Station ( nl, italic=no, Station Amsterdam Centraal ; abbreviation: Asd) is the largest railway station in Amsterdam, North Holland, the Netherlands. A major international railway hub, it is used by 192,000 passengers a day, ...
AmstelstationStation Bijlmer ArenA – Gein


Light rail

* (standard gauge) * Power: 600V DC (overhead) * Amsterdam,
Amstelveen Amstelveen () is a municipality in the province of North Holland, Netherlands with a population of 92.353 as of 2022. It is a suburban part of the Amsterdam metropolitan area. The municipality of Amstelveen consists of the historical villages o ...


Former light rail route

* 51:
Amsterdam Centraal Amsterdam Centraal Station ( nl, italic=no, Station Amsterdam Centraal ; abbreviation: Asd) is the largest railway station in Amsterdam, North Holland, the Netherlands. A major international railway hub, it is used by 192,000 passengers a day, ...
AmstelstationStation Zuid – Buitenveldert –
Amstelveen Amstelveen () is a municipality in the province of North Holland, Netherlands with a population of 92.353 as of 2022. It is a suburban part of the Amsterdam metropolitan area. The municipality of Amstelveen consists of the historical villages o ...
Westwijk Until 3 March 2019, line 51 to
Amstelveen Amstelveen () is a municipality in the province of North Holland, Netherlands with a population of 92.353 as of 2022. It is a suburban part of the Amsterdam metropolitan area. The municipality of Amstelveen consists of the historical villages o ...
was a metro service between Central Station and Station Zuid. At Station Zuid it switched from
third rail A third rail, also known as a live rail, electric rail or conductor rail, is a method of providing electric power to a railway locomotive or train, through a semi-continuous rigid conductor placed alongside or between the rails of a railway t ...
to
pantograph A pantograph (, from their original use for copying writing) is a mechanical linkage connected in a manner based on parallelograms so that the movement of one pen, in tracing an image, produces identical movements in a second pen. If a line dr ...
and catenary wires. From there to Amstelveen Centrum it shared its track with tram line 5. The light rail vehicles on this line are capable of using both 600V (overhead) and 750V DC (third rail) power supplies.


Tram

* (standard gauge) * Power: 600V DC (overhead) * Amsterdam,
Amstelveen Amstelveen () is a municipality in the province of North Holland, Netherlands with a population of 92.353 as of 2022. It is a suburban part of the Amsterdam metropolitan area. The municipality of Amstelveen consists of the historical villages o ...
,
Diemen Diemen () is a town and municipality with a population of in the province of North Holland, Netherlands. It is located approximately 6 km (3.7 mi) southeast of Amsterdam's city centre, within the Amsterdam metropolitan area. Etymology The name ...


Tram routes

* 1: Amsterdam Muiderpoort – Vijzelgracht – Leidseplein – Station Lelylaan – Osdorp De Aker * 2: Amsterdam Centraal – Leidsestraat – Hoofddorpplein – Nieuw Sloten * 3:
Zoutkeetsgracht The Zoutkeetsgracht (Salt sheds canal) is a canal to the west of the center of Amsterdam. Location The canal separates the Westelijke Eilanden (Western Islands) of the Centrum district from the Zeeheldenbuurt in Amsterdam-West. It connects the ...
– Ceintuurbaan – Muiderpoortstation – Flevopark * 4: Amsterdam Centraal – Utrechtsestraat – Station RAI * 5: Westerpark –
Elandsgracht The Elandsgracht is a street and former canal in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. It runs between the Prinsengracht and the Singelgracht in the Jordaan neighborhood of the Amsterdam-Centrum district. Bridge 169 over the Singelgracht and Bridge 107 ove ...
– Leidseplein – Museumplein – Station Zuid
Amstelveen Amstelveen () is a municipality in the province of North Holland, Netherlands with a population of 92.353 as of 2022. It is a suburban part of the Amsterdam metropolitan area. The municipality of Amstelveen consists of the historical villages o ...
Stadshart * 7: Slotermeer – Leidseplein – Azartplein * 12: Amsterdam Centraal – Leidseplein – Museumplein – Ceintuurbaan – Amstelstation * 13: Amsterdam Centraal –
Rozengracht The Rozengracht is a street in the Jordaan neighbourhood of Amsterdam. It runs between the Prinsengracht at the Westermarkt and the Singel canal at De Clercqstraat. The name means "Rose canal". The Rozengracht is one of the six former canals in ...
– Geuzenveld * 14: Amsterdam Centraal – Dam –
Artis Zoo Natura Artis Magistra (Latin for "Nature is the teacher of art"), commonly known just as Artis (), is a zoo and botanical garden in the centre of Amsterdam. It is the oldest zoo in the Netherlands and fifth oldest zoo in the world. In addition t ...
– Flevopark * 17: Amsterdam Centraal –
Rozengracht The Rozengracht is a street in the Jordaan neighbourhood of Amsterdam. It runs between the Prinsengracht at the Westermarkt and the Singel canal at De Clercqstraat. The name means "Rose canal". The Rozengracht is one of the six former canals in ...
Station Lelylaan – Osdorp Dijkgraafplein * 19: Amsterdam Sloterdijk – Bos en Lommer –
Elandsgracht The Elandsgracht is a street and former canal in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. It runs between the Prinsengracht and the Singelgracht in the Jordaan neighborhood of the Amsterdam-Centrum district. Bridge 169 over the Singelgracht and Bridge 107 ove ...
– Leidseplein – Vijzelgracht – Diemen Sniep * 24: Amsterdam Centraal –
Rokin The Rokin is a canal and major street in the centre of Amsterdam. The street runs from Muntplein, Amsterdam, Muntplein square to Dam Square, Dam square. The Rokin canal used to run from Muntplein square to Dam Square, but in 1936, the part between ...
Vijzelgracht
De Pijp De Pijp (; English: The Pipe) is a neighbourhood of Amsterdam, Netherlands. It is located directly south of Amsterdam's city centre and it is part of the borough Amsterdam-Zuid, in a part of the city known as the Old South ( ''Oud Zuid''). It is se ...
– Ceintuurbaan – VU Medisch Centrum * 25: Station Zuid
Buitenveldert Buitenveldert is a neighborhood of Amsterdam, Netherlands. It is considered the modern Jewish quarter of Amsterdam with its Synagogue, Jewish schools, nursing homes, shops and restaurants. History From the Middle Ages the 'Binnendijksche Buitenve ...
– Amstelveen Westwijk * 26: Amsterdam Centraal – Piet Heintunnel
IJburg IJburg () is a residential neighbourhood under construction in Amsterdam, Netherlands. It is situated in the IJmeer and is being built on artificial islands which have been raised from the lake. The Haveneiland, Rieteilanden, Steigereiland and ...


Buses

, GVB bus services had 22 regular daytime routes (numbered between 15–68), 8 rush-hour routes (200-series route numbers), 11 night routes (numbered as "N" plus two digits) of which just 2 routes run seven days a week. One route (369) runs between
Schiphol Airport Amsterdam Airport Schiphol , known informally as Schiphol Airport ( nl, Luchthaven Schiphol, ), is the main international airport of the Netherlands. It is located southwest of Amsterdam, in the municipality of Haarlemmermeer in the province ...
and Sloterdijk station (railway and metro connections). Three routes (461, 462, 464) offer free rides to the Gelderlandplein shopping centre in the
Buitenveldert Buitenveldert is a neighborhood of Amsterdam, Netherlands. It is considered the modern Jewish quarter of Amsterdam with its Synagogue, Jewish schools, nursing homes, shops and restaurants. History From the Middle Ages the 'Binnendijksche Buitenve ...
neighbourhood of Amsterdam. , there were 233 buses in the fleet of which 31 were electric.


Ferries

Since 1 July 2013, GVB Veren (''veren'' meaning ferries) has been operating ferry services crossing both the IJ and the
North Sea Canal The North Sea Canal ( nl, Noordzeekanaal) is a Dutch ship canal from Amsterdam to the North Sea at IJmuiden, constructed between 1865 and 1876 to enable seafaring vessels to reach the port of Amsterdam. This man-made channel terminates at Amster ...
on behalf of the City of Amsterdam. Most of these ferries offer free rides for pedestrians and cyclists. Within the City of Amsterdam, there are seven ferry routes across the IJ, two of which operate overnight. Outside of Amsterdam, the GVB operates three ferry routes across the North Sea Canal at
Zaandam Zaandam () is a city in the Provinces of the Netherlands, province of North Holland, Netherlands. It is the main city of the municipality of Zaanstad, and received City rights in the Netherlands, city rights in 1811. It is located on the river Za ...
,
Velsen Velsen () is a municipality in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. It is located on both sides of the North Sea Canal. On the north side of the North Sea Canal there is a major steel plant, Tata Steel IJmuiden, formerly known a ...
and
Assendelft Assendelft () is a town in the province of North Holland, Netherlands. It is a part of the municipality of Zaanstad. Assendelft was a separate municipality until 1974, when the municipality of Zaanstad was formed. However, Assendelft didn't wan ...
. The GVB has 19 ferry boats servicing these routes, and is replacing diesel-powered ferries with electrically-operated vessels. The ferries have a maximum speed of . Ferry routes crossing the IJ are: * F1: Azartplein to Zamenhofstraat * F2: Central Station to IJplein * F3: Central Station to Buiksloterweg (24/7 with a 12-minute frequency between 12:00am and 6:24am) * F4: Central Station to NDSM * F5: Central Station to NDSM via Pontsteiger * F6: Pontsteiger to Distelweg * F7: Pontsteiger to NDSM Ferry routes crossing the North Sea Canal are: * F20 Hempontplein to Zaandam * F21 Spaamdam to Assendelft (24/7) * F22 Velsen Zuid to Velsen Noord (24/7)


Ticketing

The Amsterdam public transport network falls under the National Tariff System of the
Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...
and the GVB has a few of its own tickets, notably the 24-, 48- and 72- hour tickets. The electronic
OV-chipkaart The OV-chipkaart (short for ''openbaar vervoer chipkaart'', meaning ''public transport chipcard'') is a contactless smart card system used for all public transport in the Netherlands. First introduced in the Rotterdam Metro in April 2005, it has ...
has been the only ticketing system valid in the Amsterdam metro since the summer of 2009, and in the rest of the network (tram, bus) since June 2010. Most trams carry conductors, but as they no longer stamp passengers' ''strippenkaarten'' their role has been deskilled; it now consists in ensuring security along with selling the occasional ''OV-chipkaart'' and optionally announcing the stops.


Notes


References


External links


GVB (official)
{{in lang, en
Tram Travels: Gemeentevervoerbedrijf Amsterdam (GVB)


Public transport operators Rapid transit in the Netherlands Tram transport in the Netherlands Trams in Amsterdam Transport in Amsterdam Amsterdam Metro Light rail in the Netherlands Regional rail in the Netherlands