Guanosine diphosphate mannose or GDP-mannose is a
nucleotide sugar Nucleotide sugars are the activated forms of monosaccharides. Nucleotide sugars act as glycosyl donors in glycosylation reactions. Those reactions are catalyzed by a group of enzymes called glycosyltransferases.
History
The anabolism of oligosaccha ...
that is a substrate for
glycosyltransferase
Glycosyltransferases (GTFs, Gtfs) are enzymes (EC 2.4) that establish natural glycosidic linkages. They catalyze the transfer of saccharide moieties from an activated nucleotide sugar (also known as the "glycosyl donor") to a nucleophilic glyco ...
reactions in
metabolism
Metabolism (, from el, μεταβολή ''metabolē'', "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms. The three main functions of metabolism are: the conversion of the energy in food to energy available to run c ...
. This compound is a substrate for enzymes called
mannosyltransferase A mannosyltransferase is a type of glycosyltransferase that acts upon mannose
Mannose is a sugar monomer of the aldohexose series of carbohydrates. It is a C-2 epimer of glucose. Mannose is important in human metabolism, especially in the glyco ...
s.
Known as donor of activated mannose in all glycolytic reactions, GDP-mannose is essential in eukaryotes.
Biosynthesis
GDP-mannose is produced from
GTP and
mannose-6-phosphate by the enzyme
mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase
In enzymology, a mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase () is an enzyme that catalysis, catalyzes the chemical reaction
:GTP + alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate \rightleftharpoons diphosphate + GDP-mannose
Thus, the two substrate (biochemistry), subst ...
.
One of the enzymes from the family of nucleootidyl-transferases, GDP-Mannose Pyrophosphorylase (GDP-MP) is an pervasive enzyme found in bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals.
References
See also
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Nucleoside
Nucleosides are glycosylamines that can be thought of as nucleotides without a phosphate group. A nucleoside consists simply of a nucleobase (also termed a nitrogenous base) and a five-carbon sugar (ribose or 2'-deoxyribose) whereas a nucleoti ...
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Nucleotide
Nucleotides are organic molecules consisting of a nucleoside and a phosphate. They serve as monomeric units of the nucleic acid polymers – deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), both of which are essential biomolecule ...
*
Guanosine
Guanosine (symbol G or Guo) is a purine nucleoside comprising guanine attached to a ribose ( ribofuranose) ring via a β-N9- glycosidic bond. Guanosine can be phosphorylated to become guanosine monophosphate (GMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate ...
*
Guanosine diphosphate
Guanosine diphosphate, abbreviated GDP, is a nucleoside diphosphate. It is an ester of pyrophosphoric acid with the nucleoside guanosine. GDP consists of a pyrophosphate group, a pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase guanine.
GDP is the product ...
Nucleotides
Coenzymes
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