Futog (,
German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany (of or related to)
**Germania (historical use)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law
**Ger ...
and hu, Futak) is a suburban settlement of the city of
Novi Sad
Novi Sad ( sr-Cyrl, Нови Сад, ; hu, Újvidék, ; german: Neusatz; see below for other names) is the second largest city in Serbia and the capital of the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It is located in the southern portion of the Pan ...
, Serbia, with a population of 18,642 according to the
2011 census in
Serbia
Serbia (, ; Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe, Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pannonian Bas ...
. It is situated in southern Bačka, 7 km away from Novi Sad.
Name
''Terra que Futog et a quibusdam Batkay nominatur'' is the first written mention of this village in 1250. It was formed from a personal name (+1086: Futoc) with a Hungarian nomenclature. The basis of the name is the hungarian derivative the verb ''fut'', which means running, with a meaning of “courier”.
In
Serbian, the town is known as ''Futog'' (Футог), in
Croatian as ''Futog'', in
Hungarian as ''Futak'', and in
German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany (of or related to)
**Germania (historical use)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law
**Ger ...
as ''Alt-Futok''.
Demographics
The town had a population of 18,582 (2002 census). Ethnic groups included:
*
Serbs
The Serbs ( sr-Cyr, Срби, Srbi, ) are the most numerous South Slavic ethnic group native to the Balkans in Southeastern Europe, who share a common Serbian ancestry, culture, history and language.
The majority of Serbs live in their na ...
= 16,828 (90.56%)
*
Hungarians
Hungarians, also known as Magyars ( ; hu, magyarok ), are a nation and ethnic group native to Hungary () and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history, ancestry, and language. The Hungarian language belongs to the Urali ...
= 279 (1.50%)
*
Yugoslavs
Yugoslavs or Yugoslavians ( Bosnian and Croatian: ''Jugoslaveni'', Serbian and Macedonian ''Jugosloveni''/Југословени; sl, Jugoslovani) is an identity that was originally designed to refer to a united South Slavic people. It has ...
= 226 (1.22%)
*others = 1249 (6.72%)
The population of the settlement was a quarter under 15 years old, two-thirds work-capable people, and 10% farmers.
Geography
![Futog orthodox church](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Futog_orthodox_church.jpg)
The town is situated in southern
Bačka
Bačka ( sr-cyrl, Бачка, ) or Bácska () is a geographical and historical area within the Pannonian Plain bordered by the river Danube to the west and south, and by the river Tisza to the east. It is divided between Serbia and Hungary ...
, 7 km away from
Novi Sad
Novi Sad ( sr-Cyrl, Нови Сад, ; hu, Újvidék, ; german: Neusatz; see below for other names) is the second largest city in Serbia and the capital of the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It is located in the southern portion of the Pan ...
, on the middle of the
Danube
The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , pa ...
stream. Neighbouring settlements are
Veternik
Veternik ( sr-cyr, Ветерник) is a suburban settlement of the city of Novi Sad, Serbia. Its population numbers 17,454 (2011 census) and most of its inhabitants are ethnic Serbs. Over the years, especially in the 1990s, it grew with size and ...
in the east,
Begeč
Begeč ( sr-cyr, Бегеч) is a suburban settlement of the city of Novi Sad in Serbia. It is situated on the river Danube, approximately west of Novi Sad, on the Bačka Palanka-Novi Sad road. According to the 2011 census, the village had a Serb ...
in the west and
Rumenka
Rumenka () is a suburban settlement of the city of Novi Sad, Serbia. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and a population of 6,495 people (2011 census).
Name
In Serbian and Croatian, the village is known as ''Rumenka'' (Руменка), and ...
in the north. The
Danube
The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , pa ...
river is located in the south of the town. The Futog area outspreads on a cofin terrace,
alluvial plain
An alluvial plain is a largely flat landform created by the deposition of sediment over a long period of time by one or more rivers coming from highland regions, from which alluvial soil forms. A floodplain is part of the process, being the sma ...
and an inductional plane. Near Futog are two river isles, an effluent pulped in pond.The climate is medium-
continental
Continental may refer to:
Places
* Continent, the major landmasses of Earth
* Continental, Arizona, a small community in Pima County, Arizona, US
* Continental, Ohio, a small town in Putnam County, US
Arts and entertainment
* ''Continental'' ( ...
, influenced by
Fruška Gora
Fruška gora ( sr-Cyrl, Фрушка гора; hu, Tarcal-hegység) is a mountain in Syrmia, administratively part of Serbia with a part of its western side extending into eastern Croatia. The area under Serbian administration forms the countr ...
and the Danube. Winds are Košava, Western and Breeze. Precipitation is 700 mm a year. Hydrography includes the
Danube
The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , pa ...
river, pond and the Danube-Tisa-Danube Canal. The present plants are corn, wheat, industrial plants, vegetables, and its well-known
cabbage
Cabbage, comprising several cultivars of ''Brassica oleracea'', is a leafy green, red (purple), or white (pale green) biennial plant grown as an annual vegetable crop for its dense-leaved heads. It is descended from the wild cabbage ( ''B.&nb ...
. The present animals are ducks, storks, rabbits, foxes, pheasants. The town is 8 km long in the west–east direction around the main street. Its area is 8,561 hectares. Futog is divided into Stari Futog (Old Futog) and Novi Futog (New Futog).
History
Archeological localities in the area include: Sesije, Gornje Šume, Vodice, Bokternica and Pašnjak. Although there are traces of
Slavs
Slavs are the largest European ethnolinguistic group. They speak the various Slavic languages, belonging to the larger Balto-Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages. Slavs are geographically distributed throughout northern Eurasia, main ...
in Bačka from before, Slavic presence in this area is confirmed by the data beginning in the
9th century
The 9th century was a period from 801 ( DCCCI) through 900 ( CM) in accordance with the Julian calendar.
The Carolingian Renaissance and the Viking raids occurred within this period. In the Middle East, the House of Wisdom was founded in Abba ...
, when the area was part of the
Bulgarian Empire
In the medieval history of Europe, Bulgaria's status as the Bulgarian Empire ( bg, Българско царство, ''Balgarsko tsarstvo'' ) occurred in two distinct periods: between the seventh and the eleventh centuries and again between the ...
and the Bulgarian voivod
Salan
]
Salan, Salanus or Zalan ( Bulgarian language, Bulgarian and Serbian Cyrillic: Салан or Залан; hu, Zalán; ro, Salanus) was, according to the Gesta Hungarorum, a local Bulgarianhttp://keptar.niif.hu/000500/000586/magyaro-honf-terkep ...
ruled in Bačka. The presence of Hungarians is dated to the 10th century, after Salan was defeated by the Hungarian forces.
Futog was mentioned for the first time in 1224 when
Tatars
The Tatars ()[Tatar]
in the Collins English Dictionary is an umbrella term for different devastated it. Before the Tatar invasion, the settlement was known as Batkay. In the 15th century it was an important market town. During the Hungarian administration, Futog was part of the
Bacsensis County and was also a possession of the Futaky family in the 14th century, and a possession of the Jób Garai in the middle of the 15th century. In 1526-1527 it was part of the state of
Emperor Jovan Nenad
Jovan Nenad ( sr-cyr, Јован Ненад; hu, Fekete Iván or ; ca. 1492 – 26 July 1527), known as ''the Black'' was a Serb military commander in the service of the Kingdom of Hungary who took advantage of a Hungarian military defeat at Moh ...
, and between 1528 and 1686 it was part of the
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
. During the Ottoman administration, Futog was part of the
Sanjak of Segedin
Sanjak of Segedin or Sanjak of Szeged (Turkish: Segedin Sancağı, Hungarian: Szegedi szandzsák, Serbian: Сегедински санџак) was an administrative territorial entity of the Ottoman Empire formed in the 16th century. It was locat ...
and was mostly populated by
Serbs
The Serbs ( sr-Cyr, Срби, Srbi, ) are the most numerous South Slavic ethnic group native to the Balkans in Southeastern Europe, who share a common Serbian ancestry, culture, history and language.
The majority of Serbs live in their na ...
and
Muslims
Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abraha ...
. According to the Ottoman traveler from the 17th century,
Evliya Çelebi
Derviş Mehmed Zillî (25 March 1611 – 1682), known as Evliya Çelebi ( ota, اوليا چلبى), was an Ottoman explorer who travelled through the territory of the Ottoman Empire and neighboring lands over a period of forty years, recording ...
, the town of Vutok had a fortress, 4 Muslim religious buildings, including the mosque of Sulejman-han and 3 masjids, as well as about 180 houses.
After 1686, it was part of the
Habsburg monarchy
The Habsburg monarchy (german: Habsburgermonarchie, ), also known as the Danubian monarchy (german: Donaumonarchie, ), or Habsburg Empire (german: Habsburgerreich, ), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities ...
. Between 1696 and 1868, Futog had annual princes. The prince had a symbolical function. The Estate of Futog was a possession of the King's Chamber 1686-1703, of General Baron Josef Nechem 1703-1721, of Josef Odwyer 1721-1731, of Count Friedrich Lorenz Caurian 1731-1744, of Mihailo Čarnojević 1744-1769, of Count
András Hadik
Count András Hadik de Futak ( hu, gróf futaki Hadik András; german: Andreas Graf Hadik von Futak; sk, Andrej Hadík; 16 October 1710 – 12 March 1790) was a Hungarian nobleman and Field MarshalDarrell Berg (editor): ''The Correspondence o ...
1769-1801, of Count Brunszvik 1801-1852, and of Count
Rudolf Chotek 1852-1921.
In 1715, the population of Futog was composed of 130 Serbian and 7 Hungarian households, while in 1720, it was composed of 126 Serbian and 14 Hungarian households. The area was later colonized by Germans. Near the Serb-populated Old Futog, Germans founded a new settlement known as the New Futog. Later, a sizable number of Germans settled in Old Futog as well. The Colonization of
Germans
, native_name_lang = de
, region1 =
, pop1 = 72,650,269
, region2 =
, pop2 = 534,000
, region3 =
, pop3 = 157,000
3,322,405
, region4 =
, pop4 = ...
ended in 1774.
In the 18th and the first half of the 19th century, Futog was part of the
Batsch-Bodrog County within the
Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary. In 1848-1849 Futog was part of the
Serbian Vojvodian, a Serb self-proclaimed autonomous region within Austrian Empire, which got transformed between 1849 and 1860 into the
Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar
, conventional_long_name = Voivodeship of Serbia and Temes Banate
, common_name = Serbia and Banat
, subdivision = Crownland
, nation = the Austrian Empire
, year_start = 1849
, date_start = 18 November
, year_end = 1860
, date_end = ...
, a separate crownland. After the abolishment of the voivodeship in 1860, Futog was again a part of the
Batsch-Bodrog County. In 1910, the population of the Old Futog was ethnically mixed, with Germans and Serbs, while the population of the New Futog was mainly German.
Other smaller ethnic groups in the town included Hungarians and Slovaks.
![Spomenik borcima NOB u Futogu](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Spomenik_borcima_NOB_u_Futogu.JPG)
In 1918, Futog, as part of the
Banat, Bačka and Baranja
Banat, Bačka and Baranya ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Banat, Bačka i Baranja, Банат, Бачка и Барања) was a province of the Kingdom of Serbia and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes between November 1918 and 1922. It ...
region, became part of the
Kingdom of Serbia
The Kingdom of Serbia ( sr-cyr, Краљевина Србија, Kraljevina Srbija) was a country located in the Balkans which was created when the ruler of the Principality of Serbia, Milan I, was proclaimed king in 1882. Since 1817, the Princi ...
, as was decided by the decree of the Great people's assembly in Novi Sad in 1918, November 2). Since December 1, 1918, it was part of the
Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
Kingdom commonly refers to:
* A monarchy ruled by a king or queen
* Kingdom (biology), a category in biological taxonomy
Kingdom may also refer to:
Arts and media Television
* ''Kingdom'' (British TV series), a 2007 British television drama s ...
(later known as
Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia (; sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Jugoslavija, Југославија ; sl, Jugoslavija ; mk, Југославија ;; rup, Iugoslavia; hu, Jugoszlávia; rue, label=Pannonian Rusyn, Югославия, translit=Juhoslavija ...
). From 1918 to 1922, Futog was part of the
Novi Sad
Novi Sad ( sr-Cyrl, Нови Сад, ; hu, Újvidék, ; german: Neusatz; see below for other names) is the second largest city in Serbia and the capital of the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It is located in the southern portion of the Pan ...
County, from 1922 to 1929 a part of the
Bačka
Bačka ( sr-cyrl, Бачка, ) or Bácska () is a geographical and historical area within the Pannonian Plain bordered by the river Danube to the west and south, and by the river Tisza to the east. It is divided between Serbia and Hungary ...
Oblast, and from 1929 to 1941 a part of the
Danube Banovina.
During
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
(in 1941), after the
Axis powers
The Axis powers, ; it, Potenze dell'Asse ; ja, 枢軸国 ''Sūjikukoku'', group=nb originally called the Rome–Berlin Axis, was a military coalition that initiated World War II and fought against the Allies. Its principal members were ...
invaded and partitioned Yugoslavia, the town came under
Axis
An axis (plural ''axes'') is an imaginary line around which an object rotates or is symmetrical. Axis may also refer to:
Mathematics
* Axis of rotation: see rotation around a fixed axis
* Axis (mathematics), a designator for a Cartesian-coordinat ...
occupation and was attached to
Bács-Bodrog County of
Horthy's Hungary. After the defeat of Axis powers there in 1944, one part of the local German population left from the area, together with the defeated German army. The
(AVNOJ) declared the remaining German population as public enemies and sent them to communist prison camps. After the abolishment of the camps in 1948, the remaining German population left from Yugoslavia, mainly because of economical reasons. Since 1944, the town was part of
Yugoslav Vojvodina, which from 1945 was a part of socialist
Serbia
Serbia (, ; Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe, Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pannonian Bas ...
within the new socialist
Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia (; sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Jugoslavija, Југославија ; sl, Jugoslavija ; mk, Југославија ;; rup, Iugoslavia; hu, Jugoszlávia; rue, label=Pannonian Rusyn, Югославия, translit=Juhoslavija ...
. After the Second World War, in 1945 and 1946 Futog was settled by Serb families which mostly originated from
Bosnia
Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of south and southeast Europe, located in the Balkans. Bosnia and He ...
,
Lika
Lika () is a traditional region of Croatia proper, roughly bound by the Velebit mountain from the southwest and the Plješevica mountain from the northeast. On the north-west end Lika is bounded by Ogulin-Plaški basin, and on the south-east by ...
, and
Srem
Syrmia ( sh, Srem/Срем or sh, Srijem/Сријем, label=none) is a region of the southern Pannonian Plain, which lies between the Danube and Sava rivers. It is divided between Serbia and Croatia. Most of the region is flat, with the ex ...
. Population censuses conducted after the war recorded a Serb ethnic majority in the town.
Sights
![Mesna kancelarija Futog](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Mesna_kancelarija_Futog.JPG)
*A
baroque
The Baroque (, ; ) is a style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished in Europe from the early 17th century until the 1750s. In the territories of the Spanish and Portuguese empires including t ...
Serbian Orthodox Church
The Serbian Orthodox Church ( sr-Cyrl, Српска православна црква, Srpska pravoslavna crkva) is one of the autocephalous (ecclesiastically independent) Eastern Orthodox Christian denomination, Christian churches.
The majori ...
“Sveti Vrači Kozma i Damjan” from 1776.
*Futog Court, today Agricultural school (baroque-classicism), built by grof Andras Hadik in 1777, where few days before Sarajevo Attempt resided
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Archduke Franz Ferdinand Carl Ludwig Joseph Maria of Austria, (18 December 1863 – 28 June 1914) was the heir presumptive to the throne of Austria-Hungary. His assassination in Sarajevo was the most immediate cause of World War I.
F ...
and his wife Sofia Chotek, and also a place where German general
August von Mackensen
Anton Ludwig Friedrich August von Mackensen (born Mackensen; 6 December 1849 – 8 November 1945), ennobled as "von Mackensen" in 1899, was a German field marshal. He commanded successfully during World War I of 1914–1918 and became one of the ...
was prisoned in 1919.
*Old Rectory from 1777 belongs to citizen architecture of the 18th century.
*Serbian Orthodox Church 1781-1947; village baroque.
*“Rudolphinum” or “Bastilja” of 1893;
eclecticism
Eclecticism is a conceptual approach that does not hold rigidly to a single paradigm or set of assumptions, but instead draws upon multiple theories, styles, or ideas to gain complementary insights into a subject, or applies different theories in ...
; today Internat.
*“Marianum” of 1894; istoricism; today Gerontological centre.
*
Roman Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
“Sacred heart of Jesus” of 1908;
neogothic
Gothic Revival (also referred to as Victorian Gothic, neo-Gothic, or Gothick) is an architectural movement that began in the late 1740s in England. The movement gained momentum and expanded in the first half of the 19th century, as increasingly ...
cathedral.
*Fire Brigade Home of 1909 with a tower of 1932.
*Roman Catholic Church “Holy Trinity” of 1940, no spiritual practice.
Culture and media
The village is home to the Cultural-Informative Centre “Mladost”, Tambura Orchestra, Folklore Assembly, Town library “Jovan Jovanović Zmaj”, galleries, etc.There is a Radio "Futog" at 97,5 and 99,5 MHz FM and Radio "Srna" at 91,90 MHz FM. The village is also famous for Bojana Kozomora (ex)Kovačević and Zorica Tepić Andrić.
Education
![Srednja poljoprivredna škola Futog - prednja strana](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Srednja_poljoprivredna_%C5%A1kola_Futog_-_prednja_strana.JPG)
There are two primary schools: “Desanka Maksimović” and “Miroslav Antić”. There is also a secondary Agricultural Boarding School. The first school in the town was established in 1707.
Sport
There is a Sport Hall Futog in the village. Football clubs in the town are OFK “Futog” and
FK “Metalac-Asco Vidak”, there is also fight club “Faraon”, volleyball clubs OKK “Futog” and "RFU", and handball club RK “Metalac”.
Economy and traffic
Industry includes: “Milan Vidak” wire factory; “Aroma” spice factory; “Garant” motor factory; “Futožanka” provender factory; “Vagar” scale factory; and “Planta” agricultural goods.
Car-road Novi Sad-Bačka Palanka; rail-road Novi Sad-Sombor; and the Danube river are important traffic directions situated at this location.
Novi Sad's regular bus lines 53 (FUTOG STARI), 54 (FUTOG GRMEČKA), 55 (FUTOG BRAĆE BOŠNJAK) and 56 (BEGEČ) connecting the town with Novi Sad.
See also
*
Novi Sad
Novi Sad ( sr-Cyrl, Нови Сад, ; hu, Újvidék, ; german: Neusatz; see below for other names) is the second largest city in Serbia and the capital of the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It is located in the southern portion of the Pan ...
*
South Bačka District
The South Bačka District ( sr, Јужнобачки округ, Južnobački okrug, ; hu, Dél-bácskai körzet; ) is one of seven administrative districts of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. Geographically it lies in the southern ...
*
Bačka
Bačka ( sr-cyrl, Бачка, ) or Bácska () is a geographical and historical area within the Pannonian Plain bordered by the river Danube to the west and south, and by the river Tisza to the east. It is divided between Serbia and Hungary ...
*
Vojvodina
Vojvodina ( sr-Cyrl, Војводина}), officially the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, is an autonomous province that occupies the northernmost part of Serbia. It lies within the Pannonian Basin, bordered to the south by the national capital ...
*
List of places in Serbia
This is the list of populated places in Serbia (excluding Kosovo), as recorded by the 2002 census, sorted alphabetically by municipalities. Settlements denoted as "urban" (towns and cities) are marked bold. Population for every settlement is giv ...
*
List of cities, towns and villages in Vojvodina
This is a list of cities, towns and villages in Vojvodina, a province of Serbia.
List of largest cities and towns in Vojvodina
List of urban settlements in Vojvodina
List of all urban settlements (cities and towns) in Vojvodina with populati ...
References
Further reading
*Slobodan Ćurčić, Broj stanovnika Vojvodine, Novi Sad, 1996.
File:Sportska hala Futog.JPG, Sports Hall
File:Stadion FK Metalac Futog.JPG, FK Metalac Stadium
File:Železnička stanica Futog.JPG, Train Station
File:Pijaca u Futogu.JPG, Market
File:Centar Futoga.JPG, Center of the town
File:Ulaz u Futog.JPG, Town entry
File:Dom zdravlja Futog.JPG, Health station
File:Danube in Futog (near Novi Sad), Serbia.jpg, Danube river near Futog
Radio Futog.JPG, Radio Futog
File:Sacred Heart Catholic Church in Futog, Vojvodina, Serbia - 20060526.jpg, The Heart of Jesus Catholic (historically German) Church
External links
{{Authority control
Places in Bačka
Populated places in South Bačka District
Suburbs of Novi Sad
Populated places on the Danube
Towns in Serbia