Florideophyceae is a class of

red algae Red algae, or Rhodophyta (, ; ), are one of the oldest groups of eukaryotic algae. The Rhodophyta also comprises one of the largest phyla of algae, containing over 7,000 currently recognized species with taxonomic revisions ongoing. The majority ...

. They were once thought to be the only algae to bear

pit connection In algal anatomy, a pit connection is a hole in the septum between two algal cells, and is found only in the red algae − specifically, all orders except the Porphyridiales and haploid Bangiales. They are often stoppered with proteinaceous "pit p ...

s, but these have since been found in the filamentous stage of the

Bangiaceae Bangiaceae is a family of red algae in the order Bangiales. It contains laver, used to make laverbread, and various species in the genus of ''Pyropia'' are used to make nori. Genera Genera accepted in 2018; * '' Aspalatia'' Ercegovic * ''Bangi ...

. They were also thought only to exhibit apical growth, but there are genera known to grow by intercalary growth. Most, but not all, genera have three phases to the life cycle.

Classification

There are various classification schemes; see

. One option is to use the following:

Subclass Hildenbrandiophycidae

Hildenbrandiales Hildenbrandiales is an order of crustose forms red alga which bear conceptacles and produce secondary pit-connections. They reproduce by vegetative gemmae as well as tetrasporangia, which are produced inside the conceptacles. The way in which ...

Subclass
Nemaliophycidae Florideophyceae is a class of red algae. They were once thought to be the only algae to bear pit connections, but these have since been found in the filamentous stage of the Bangiaceae. They were also thought only to exhibit apical growth, but ...

* Acrochaetiales *

Balbianiales Balbianiales is an order of red algae belonging to the class Florideophyceae Florideophyceae is a class of red algae. They were once thought to be the only algae to bear pit connections, but these have since been found in the filamentous sta ...

Balliales Balliales is an order of red algae belonging to the class Florideophyceae. The order consists only one family, Balliaceae. with only one genus - Ballia Harvey. The genus of ''Balliales'' was circumscribed by William Henry Harvey in J. Bot. (Hooke ...

Batrachospermales Batrachospermales is an order of red algae. References Red algae orders {{Rhodophyta-stub ...

* Colaconematales *

Nemaliales Nemaliales is an order of red algae. It holds approximately 286 species. Families As accepted by AlgaeBase (with amount of species per genus); * Suborder Galaxaurineae (117) ** Galaxauraceae - 58 spp. **Scinaiaceae - 59 spp. * Suborder Nemali ...

Palmariales Palmariales is an order of marine algae. It includes the edible seaweed dulse (''Palmaria palmata ''Palmaria palmata'', also called dulse, dillisk or dilsk (from Irish/Scottish Gaelic '/'), red dulse, sea lettuce flakes, or creathnach, is a ...

* Entwisleiales *

Thoreales Thoreales is an order of red algae belonging to the class Florideophyceae. The order consists only one family, Thoreaceae .Hassall, A.H. 1845. A history of the British freshwater algae, including descriptions of the Desmideae and Diatomaceae. With ...

Subclass
Corallinophycidae The Corallinophycidae is a grouping of several calcifying red algal lineages recovered by molecular analysis. Orders According to AlgaeBase, it contains; * Order Corallinales Coralline algae are red algae in the order Corallinales. They ar ...

Corallinales Coralline algae are red algae in the order Corallinales. They are characterized by a thallus that is hard because of calcareous deposits contained within the cell walls. The colors of these algae are most typically pink, or some other shade of re ...

* Corallinapetrales *

Rhodogorgonales The Rhodogorgonales are an order of red algae, a sister group to the corallines. They are always thalloid and calcified; their calcification is very different from the corallines, as individual calcite crystals are deposited in the cell wall of s ...

Sporolithales The Sporolithaceae is the only known family of algae in the Sporolithales order.Kamiya, M., Lindstrom, S.C., Nakayama, T., Yokoyama, A., Lin, S.-M., Guiry, M.D., Gurgel, F.D.G., Huisman, J.M., Kitayama, T., Suzuki, M., Cho, T.O. & Frey, W. (2017). ...

The subclass Corallinophycidae was introduced in 2007.

Subclass Ahnfeltiophycidae

Ahnfeltiales Ahnfeltiales is an order of red algae belonging to the class Florideophyceae Florideophyceae is a class of red algae. They were once thought to be the only algae to bear pit connections, but these have since been found in the filamentous sta ...

* Pihiellales

Subclass
Rhodymeniophycidae Florideophyceae is a class of red algae. They were once thought to be the only algae to bear pit connections, but these have since been found in the filamentous stage of the Bangiaceae. They were also thought only to exhibit apical growth, but ...

Bonnemaisoniales Bonnemaisoniales is an order of red algae in the class Florideophyceae. It includes 2 families; * Bonnemaisoniaceae Bonnemaisoniaceae is a family of red algae in the order Bonnemaisoniales. References External links * Red algae fami ...

Ceramiales Ceramiales is an order of red algae. It was established by Friedrich Oltmanns in 1904. Families * Callithamniaceae Kützing, 1843 * Ceramiaceae Dumortier, 1822 * Choreocolacaceae Sturch * Dasyaceae Kützing, 1843 * Delesseriaceae Bory, 182 ...

Gelidiales The Gelidiales is a small order of red algae containing ten genera, and approximately 130–160 species, many of which are used to make agar Agar ( or ), or agar-agar, is a jelly-like substance consisting of polysaccharides obtained from t ...

Gigartinales Gigartinales is a red algae order in the class Florideophyceae Florideophyceae is a class of red algae. They were once thought to be the only algae to bear pit connections, but these have since been found in the filamentous stage of the Bang ...

Gracilariales Gracilariales is an order of red algae. References Red algae orders {{Rhodophyta-stub ...

* Halymeniales * Nemastomatales * Peyssonneliales * Plocamiales * Rhodymeniales * Acrosymphytales * Atractophorales * Catenellopsidales * Sebdeniales According to molecular clock analysis, Florideophyceae diverged from other red algae about 943 (817–1,049) million years ago. It split into Hildenbrandiophycidae ca. 781 (681–879) mya, Nemaliophycidae ca. 661 (597–736) mya and Corallinophycidae ca. 579 (543–617) mya, and ca. 508 (442–580) mya the split between Ahnfeltiophycidae and Rhodymeniophycidae occurred.Divergence time estimates and the evolution of major lineages in the florideophyte red algae - Nature
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References

External links

Tree of Life: Florideophyceae
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1002125