The Dubăsari District () is a

district A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivision ...

in the east of

Moldova Moldova ( , ; ), officially the Republic of Moldova ( ro, Republica Moldova), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south. The unrecognised state of Transnistri ...

, with the administrative center at

Cocieri Cocieri is a commune in the Republic of Moldova, and the administrative center of Dubăsari District. It is located on the eastern bank of the Dniester River, consisting of two villages, ''Cocieri'' and ''Vasilievca''. During 1992 War of Transnis ...

. As of January 1, 2011, its population was 35,200. This does not include the 715 people that live in the village of Roghi, which is controlled by the breakaway Tiraspol authorities. ''Dubăsari'' means ferry-arks (see coat of arms).

History

The territory which today is part of Dubăsari district has been inhabited since the

Stone Age The Stone Age was a broad prehistoric period during which stone was widely used to make tools with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface. The period lasted for roughly 3.4 million years, and ended between 4,000 BC and 2,000 BC, with ...

(50–30000 years BC). Location of the earliest documentary attestation of the district is Corjova, first attested in 1362. Other town with old certificate is Holercani village certified in 1464. This region is part of the

Grand Duchy of Lithuania The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a European state that existed from the 13th century to 1795, when the territory was Partitions of Poland, partitioned among the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia, and the Habsburg Empire, Habsburg Empire of ...

during 1386–1434. In 1393-1812 the part of district, situated on the right, of the

Nistru The Dniester, ; rus, Дне́стр, links=1, Dnéstr, ˈdⁿʲestr; ro, Nistru; grc, Τύρᾱς, Tyrās, ; la, Tyrās, la, Danaster, label=none, ) ( ,) is a transboundary river in Eastern Europe. It runs first through Ukraine and t ...

is part of the

Principality of Moldova Moldavia ( ro, Moldova, or , literally "The Country of Moldavia"; in Romanian Cyrillic: or ; chu, Землѧ Молдавскаѧ; el, Ἡγεμονία τῆς Μολδαβίας) is a historical region and former principality in Cent ...

. In this period to develop the economy (trade, agriculture), as population increases. In 1790, the part of district, situated on the left of Nistru is occupied by the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War ...

had the same fate of

Basarabia Bessarabia (; Gagauz: ''Besarabiya''; Romanian: ''Basarabia''; Ukrainian: ''Бессара́бія'') is a historical region in Eastern Europe, bounded by the Dniester river on the east and the Prut river on the west. About two thirds of ...

in 1812. In 1918, after the collapse of the Russian Empire, Basarabia united with Romania, but the part of district on the left of Nistru, is part of the Moldavian ASSR, part of

Ukrainian SSR The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic ( uk, Украї́нська Радя́нська Соціалісти́чна Респу́бліка, ; russian: Украи́нская Сове́тская Социалисти́ческая Респ ...

. In 1940 after the Molotov-Ribbentrop Treaty, Basarabia is occupied by the

USSR The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nati ...

. In 1991 as a result of the proclamation of

Independence of Moldova The independence of Moldova was officially recognized on 2 March 1992, when Moldova gained membership of the United Nations. The nation had declared its independence from the Soviet Union on 27 August 1991, and was a co-founder of the post-Soviet ...

, district is part of

. In 1992, the district is the focus, the Moldovan-Russian War of

Transnistria Transnistria, officially the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR), is an unrecognised breakaway state that is internationally recognised as a part of Moldova. Transnistria controls most of the narrow strip of land between the Dniester riv ...

. Following the war, the district is divided into two: one controlled by the Republic of Moldova and the

separatist Separatism is the advocacy of cultural, ethnic, tribal, religious, racial, governmental or gender separation from the larger group. As with secession, separatism conventionally refers to full political separation. Groups simply seeking greate ...

-controlled part of the authorities in

Tiraspol Tiraspol or Tirișpolea ( ro, Tiraspol, Moldovan Cyrillic: Тираспол, ; russian: Тира́споль, ; uk, Тирасполь, Tyraspol') is the capital of Transnistria (''de facto''), a breakaway state of Moldova, where it is the th ...

, which includes Dubăsari. District is part of the Chişinău County (1991-2003), and in 2003 became administrative unit of Moldova.

Geography

Dubăsari district is located in the central part of Moldova. It has proximity to:

Orhei District Orhei () is a district ( ro, raion) in central Moldova, with its administrative center in the city of Orhei. As of 2014 Moldovan Census its population was 101,502. History The Orhei region has been inhabited since the Stone Age. Settlement ...

in north west, south-west

Criuleni District Criuleni () is a district ( ro, raion) in the central part of Moldova, with the administrative center at Criuleni. As of January 1, 2011, its population was 73,100. Toponimics The history of love of two young Criu and Lenuța - from neighboring ...

, Dubăsari District (separatist territory) in the east. The landscape is predominantly plain (Dniester Middle Plain), but is in the northern part of district high altitude over 200 metres (650'), Dniester Plateau.

Erosion Erosion is the action of surface processes (such as water flow or wind) that removes soil, rock, or dissolved material from one location on the Earth's crust, and then transports it to another location where it is deposited. Erosion is d ...

processes with a low intensity. For the district are characteristic of soil types:

chernozem Chernozem (from rus, чернозём, p=tɕɪrnɐˈzʲɵm, r=chernozyom; "black ground"), also called black soil, is a black-colored soil containing a high percentage of humus (4% to 16%) and high percentages of phosphorus and ammonia compou ...

(80%), brown soil, gray soil and

alluvial Alluvium (from Latin ''alluvius'', from ''alluere'' 'to wash against') is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. ...

Climate

The climate is of a transition from

maritime climate An oceanic climate, also known as a marine climate, is the humid temperate climate sub-type in Köppen classification ''Cfb'', typical of west coasts in higher middle latitudes of continents, generally featuring cool summers and mild winters ...

Western Europe Western Europe is the western region of Europe. The region's countries and territories vary depending on context. The concept of "the West" appeared in Europe in juxtaposition to "the East" and originally applied to the ancient Mediterranean ...

, to temperate- continental

Eastern Europe Eastern Europe is a subregion of the European continent. As a largely ambiguous term, it has a wide range of geopolitical, geographical, ethnic, cultural, and socio-economic connotations. The vast majority of the region is covered by Russia, whi ...

. Summer is warm and long, with average temperature of 22 °C (72 °F) in July and the winter is mild with average January temperature -5 °C (23 °F). Rainfall ranges from 550–650 mm (22" to 26"). For 10 years, three are dry.

Fauna

The fauna is typical of Central Europe and includes fox,

hedgehog A hedgehog is a spiny mammal of the subfamily Erinaceinae, in the eulipotyphlan family Erinaceidae. There are seventeen species of hedgehog in five genera found throughout parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa, and in New Zealand by introductio ...

wild boar The wild boar (''Sus scrofa''), also known as the wild swine, common wild pig, Eurasian wild pig, or simply wild pig, is a suid native to much of Eurasia and North Africa, and has been introduced to the Americas and Oceania. The species i ...

deer Deer or true deer are hoofed ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae. The two main groups of deer are the Cervinae, including the muntjac, the elk (wapiti), the red deer, and the fallow deer; and the Capreolinae, including the re ...

, wild cat,

otter Otters are carnivorous mammals in the subfamily Lutrinae. The 13 extant otter species are all semiaquatic, aquatic, or marine, with diets based on fish and invertebrates. Lutrinae is a branch of the Mustelidae family, which also includes we ...

mink Mink are dark-colored, semiaquatic, carnivorous mammals of the genera '' Neogale'' and '' Mustela'' and part of the family Mustelidae, which also includes weasels, otters, and ferrets. There are two extant species referred to as "mink": ...

raccoon dog The common raccoon dog (''Nyctereutes procyonoides''), also called the Chinese or Asian raccoon dog, is a small, heavy-set, fox-like canid native to East Asia. Named for its raccoon-like face markings, it is most closely related to foxes. Common ...

and others. Of birds there are wild duck,

egret Egrets ( ) are herons, generally long-legged wading birds, that have white or buff plumage, developing fine plumes (usually milky white) during the breeding season. Egrets are not a biologically distinct group from herons and have the same buil ...

crow A crow is a bird of the genus '' Corvus'', or more broadly a synonym for all of ''Corvus''. Crows are generally black in colour. The word "crow" is used as part of the common name of many species. The related term "raven" is not pinned scientifica ...

quail Quail is a collective name for several genera of mid-sized birds generally placed in the order Galliformes. The collective noun for a group of quail is a flock, covey, or bevy. Old World quail are placed in the family Phasianidae, and New ...

starling Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds in the family Sturnidae. The Sturnidae are named for the genus '' Sturnus'', which in turn comes from the Latin word for starling, ''sturnus''. Many Asian species, particularly the larger ones, ...

swallow The swallows, martins, and saw-wings, or Hirundinidae, are a family of passerine songbirds found around the world on all continents, including occasionally in Antarctica. Highly adapted to aerial feeding, they have a distinctive appearance. The ...

and more.

Flora

Forests occupy 7.5% of the district and include oak,

hornbeam Hornbeams are hardwood trees in the flowering plant genus ''Carpinus'' in the birch family Betulaceae. The 30–40 species occur across much of the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Origin of names The common English name ''hornbeam ...

, linden,

ash Ash or ashes are the solid remnants of fires. Specifically, ''ash'' refers to all non-aqueous, non-gaseous residues that remain after something burns. In analytical chemistry, to analyse the mineral and metal content of chemical samples, ash ...

maple ''Acer'' () is a genus of trees and shrubs commonly known as maples. The genus is placed in the family Sapindaceae.Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 9, June 2008 nd more or less continuously updated since h ...

and others.

Plant Plants are predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae. Historically, the plant kingdom encompassed all living things that were not animals, and included algae and fungi; however, all current definitions of Plantae excl ...

s include

fescue ''Festuca'' (fescue) is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the grass family Poaceae (subfamily Pooideae). They are evergreen or herbaceous perennial tufted grasses with a height range of and a cosmopolitan distribution, occurring on ev ...

, mugwort,

bell A bell is a directly struck idiophone percussion instrument. Most bells have the shape of a hollow cup that when struck vibrates in a single strong strike tone, with its sides forming an efficient resonator. The strike may be made by an inte ...

lentils The lentil (''Lens culinaris'' or ''Lens esculenta'') is an edible legume. It is an annual plant known for its lens-shaped seeds. It is about tall, and the seeds grow in pods, usually with two seeds in each. As a food crop, the largest produ ...

and more.

Rivers

Dubăsari district is located in the

Dniester The Dniester, ; rus, Дне́стр, links=1, Dnéstr, ˈdⁿʲestr; ro, Nistru; grc, Τύρᾱς, Tyrās, ; la, Tyrās, la, Danaster, label=none, ) ( ,) is a transboundary river in Eastern Europe. It runs first through Ukraine and t ...

river basin. Nistru crosses district from north to south. In 1954 following the construction of Dubăsari hydroelectric power plant, was formed Dubăsari Reservoir, with an area of and a length of .

Administrative subdivisions

This is the only district in Moldova without cities. There are a total of 15 localities: 11 communes (containing further 4 villages within): *

(pop. 4,336) ** * Corjova (pop. 3,231) ** Mahala *

Coșnița Coșnița is a commune located in Dubăsari District of the Republic of Moldova, on the eastern bank of the River Dniester. It consists of two villages, ''Coșnița'' and ''Pohrebea'' ( ro, Pohrebea; russian: Погребя, ''Pogrebya''). Durin ...

(pop. 5,699) ** Pohrebea *

Doroțcaia Doroțcaia is a village in the Dubăsari District, Republic of Moldova, situated on the eastern bank of the River Dniester. The village was a place of fighting during 1992 War of Transnistria. It is now under the control of the central authoriti ...

(pop. 3,206) * Holercani (pop. 2,522) * Marcăuți (pop. 730) * Molovata (pop. 2,936) * Molovata Nouă (pop. 1,851 w/o Roghi) ** Roghi (pop. 715) * Oxentea (pop. 2,794) *

Pîrîta Pîrîta is a village in Dubăsari District, Moldova Moldova ( , ; ), officially the Republic of Moldova ( ro, Republica Moldova), is a Landlocked country, landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the west and Ukra ...

(pop. 3,415) * Ustia (pop. 3,295) Ustia, Holercani, Marcăuți, Oxentea, and Molovata are situated on the western (right) bank of the river

, while the other 10 villages on the eastern bank. Six of the latter (

, , Corjova, Mahala, Molovata Nouă, and Roghi) are situated north of the city of Dubăsari, itself under the control of the separatist authorities of

, and the remaining four (

, Pohrebea, and

) south of the city. The village of Vasilievca, as well as considerable parts of the farmland of the villages of

, Roghi, and Doroțcaia are situated east of the

– Dubăsari– Rîbnița road.

Demographics

Births Birth is the act or process of bearing or bringing forth offspring, also referred to in technical contexts as parturition. In mammals, the process is initiated by hormones which cause the muscular walls of the uterus to contract, expelling the ...

(2010): 415 (11.8 per 1000) * Deaths (2010): 426 (12.1 per 1000) *Growth rate (2010): -11 (-0.3 per 1000)

Ethnic groups

''Footnote'': * There is an ongoing controversy regarding the ethnic identification of Moldovans and Romanians.

Religion

Christians Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρ� ...

- 98.0% ** Orthodox Christians - 97.9% **

Protestant Protestantism is a Christian denomination, branch of Christianity that follows the theological tenets of the Reformation, Protestant Reformation, a movement that began seeking to reform the Catholic Church from within in the 16th century agai ...

(

Evangelicals Evangelicalism (), also called evangelical Christianity or evangelical Protestantism, is a worldwide interdenominational movement within Protestant Christianity that affirms the centrality of being " born again", in which an individual expe ...

) - 0.1% *Other - 1.8% *No Religion - 0.2%

Transportation

Specialized automobile companies, transported by bus routes for general use 35,400 passengers or 1.4 times higher than during the previous year. District is served by seven economic providers of public transport services through 12 inter-urban routes and two local routes.

Politics

Traditional Dubăsari district, political and electoral support

PCRM The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM) is a non-profit research and advocacy organization based in Washington, D.C., which promotes a plant-based diet, preventive medicine, and alternatives to animal research, and encourage ...

unlike the central part of Moldova. This is explained by the fact that this in district was born former Moldovan President

Vladimir Voronin Vladimir Voronin (; born 25 May 1941) is a Soviet and Moldovan politician. He was the third president of Moldova from 2001 until 2009 and has been the First Secretary of the Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova (PCRM) since 1994. H ...

, president in 2001–2009. But the last three elections

communists Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, a s ...

is a continuous fall in percentage. District is member of Euroregion Dniester. During the last three elections AEI had an increase of 116.0%

Economy

Industry is represented by 17 companies including SA '

Cannery Canning is a method of food preservation in which food is processed and sealed in an airtight container (jars like Mason jars, and steel and tin cans). Canning provides a shelf life that typically ranges from one to five years, although ...

in Cosnita "SA" Miner ", LLC" ELECOM Plus ", LLC" Tiraston "LLC" Victoria products, "SRL" food oil, "SRL" Cereal Pirita ", LLC" Daro-D ", LLC" Maxlinie MCS "LLC" MoldnisGrup "II" Royal Mill, "II" Ivanov etc., where 260 people are employed. The average wage in the industrial sector is the Dubăsari 2100 lei. In agriculture operating 25 businesses, 6 agricultural production

cooperatives A cooperative (also known as co-operative, co-op, or coop) is "an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly owned and democratically-contro ...

, and farms 1167. In this sector 29.7% of the employed population working in the district economy. The coefficient of land consolidation is 80%. Exploitation of about 35% of the

arable land Arable land (from the la, arabilis, "able to be ploughed") is any land capable of being ploughed and used to grow crops.''Oxford English Dictionary'', "arable, ''adj''. and ''n.''" Oxford University Press (Oxford), 2013. Alternatively, for th ...

of the district is carried out under very difficult because of the separatist authorities, which blocks the transition to land. Failure harvest processing and collection of land beyond the path that causes direct losses and have adverse consequences for agriculture and economy of the district.

Education

The district operates 12 preschools and 15 pre-university education institutions, of which 11 are local subordinate (8

secondary schools A secondary school describes an institution that provides secondary education and also usually includes the building where this takes place. Some secondary schools provide both '' secondary education, lower secondary education'' (ages 11 to 14) ...

, 7

high schools A secondary school describes an institution that provides secondary education and also usually includes the building where this takes place. Some secondary schools provide both '' lower secondary education'' (ages 11 to 14) and ''upper seconda ...

) and four institutions are subordinated to the

Ministry of Education An education ministry is a national or subnational government agency politically responsible for education. Various other names are commonly used to identify such agencies, such as Ministry of Education, Department of Education, and Ministry of Pub ...

, of which Roghi and Corjova gymnasium, the

Lyceum The lyceum is a category of educational institution defined within the education system of many countries, mainly in Europe. The definition varies among countries; usually it is a type of secondary school. Generally in that type of school the t ...

Dubăsari teaches students from 13 localities, high school Doroţcaia in working in shifts. Kindergartens in the district are attended by 1360 children and pre-university education institutions in 4776 to teach students literacy being 99.8%. School success is characterized by an average of 7.07 and 7.03 in secondary schools in high schools. In those institutions working in total 431 staff. Pupils per teacher ratio is the 11.08 students.

Elections

, - !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=center colspan="2" valign=center, Parties and coalitions !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=Votes !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=% !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=+/− , - , , align=left, Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova , align="right", 10,468 , align="right", 62.30 , align="right", −5.62 , - , , align=left, Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova , align="right", 2,743 , align="right", 16.32 , align="right", +7.77 , - , , align=left, Democratic Party of Moldova , align="right", 1,531 , align="right", 9,11 , align="right", +0.43 , - , , align=left,

Liberal Party The Liberal Party is any of many political parties around the world. The meaning of ''liberal'' varies around the world, ranging from liberal conservatism on the right to social liberalism on the left. __TOC__ Active liberal parties This is a li ...

, align="right", 926 , align="right", 5.51 , align="right", −2.00 , - , bgcolor=#0033cc, , align=left, European Action Movement , align="right", 459 , align="right", 2.73 , align="right", +2.73 , - , , align=left, Party Alliance Our Moldova , align="right", 175 , align="right", 1.04 , align="right", −3.51 , - , bgcolor="grey", , align=left, Other Party , align="right", 506 , align="right", 2.99 , align="right", +0.20 , - , align=left style="background-color:#E9E9E9" colspan="2", Total (turnout 59.10%) , width="30" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 16,935 , width="30" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 100.00 , width="30" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9",

Culture

In the district there are 12 cultural centers, 17 libraries, including six for children, two music schools, art schools 3, 2 museums, 75 historical monuments. The total number of workers of culture is 150. Number of cultural groups who hold honorary title "training model" is 53. Worker's average monthly salary of culture in 2009 constituted 1230. In studying art schools around 347 students annually. The total is 137,500 copies of books. Of the 17 libraries 15 are provided with heat.

Health

The health system operates the Central hospital district, district clinic, dental clinic, hygiene and

epidemiology Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where), patterns and determinants of health and disease conditions in a defined population. It is a cornerstone of public health, and shapes policy decisions and evi ...

center, rural district hospitals in villages Doibani and Ţîbuleuca.

Tourism

Scythia Scythia ( Scythian: ; Old Persian: ; Ancient Greek: ; Latin: ) or Scythica (Ancient Greek: ; Latin: ), also known as Pontic Scythia, was a kingdom created by the Scythians during the 6th to 3rd centuries BC in the Pontic–Caspian steppe. ...

n tombs of Pohrebea *

Church Church may refer to: Religion * Church (building), a building for Christian religious activities * Church (congregation), a local congregation of a Christian denomination * Church service, a formalized period of Christian communal worship * Chri ...

of Pohrebea (18th century) *15 secular pedunculate oaks

References

General description of Dubăsari district

District site

District population per year

Results of 2010 Parliamentary election
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dubasari District Districts of Moldova