Campo Marzio is the 4th ''

rione A (; plural: ) is a neighbourhood in several Italian cities. A is a territorial subdivision. The larger administrative subdivisions in Rome are the , with the being used only in the historic centre. The word derives from the Latin , the 14 su ...

'' of Rome, identified by the initials R. IV. It belongs to the

Municipio I Municipio I is an administrative subdivision of the municipality of Rome, encompassing the centre of the city. It was first created by Rome's city council on 19 January 2001 and has a president who is elected during the mayoral elections. On 11 ...

and covers a smaller section of the area of the ancient ''

Campus Martius The Campus Martius (Latin for the "Field of Mars", Italian ''Campo Marzio'') was a publicly owned area of ancient Rome about in extent. In the Middle Ages, it was the most populous area of Rome. The IV rione of Rome, Campo Marzio, which covers ...

''. The logo of this rione is a silver crescent on a blue background.

History

Until the domination of

Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader who ...

, in 19th century, the ''rione'' was also known by the name Campo Marzo. In the

Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire a ...

, after the main aqueducts of the city were ruined during the Gothic sieges in 6th century and following to the establishing of

St. Peter's Basilica The Papal Basilica of Saint Peter in the Vatican ( it, Basilica Papale di San Pietro in Vaticano), or simply Saint Peter's Basilica ( la, Basilica Sancti Petri), is a church built in the Renaissance style located in Vatican City, the papal e ...

as a focal point for pilgrims, Campo Marzio became one of the most densely populated zones of Rome. The borough was crossed by the procession that used to accompany newly elected Popes from St. Peter's Basilica to their official residence, St. John in Lateran. Moreover, the area was also passed through by the ''Via Lata'', one of the main arteries linking Rome to the rest of Europe, resulting from the merger of

Via Cassia The ''Via Cassia'' ("way of Cassius") was an important Roman road striking out of the ''Via Flaminia'' near the Milvian Bridge in the immediate vicinity of Rome and, passing not far from Veii, traversed Etruria. The ''Via Cassia'' passed throug ...

and

Via Flaminia The Via Flaminia or Flaminian Way was an ancient Roman road leading from Rome over the Apennine Mountains to ''Ariminum'' (Rimini) on the coast of the Adriatic Sea, and due to the ruggedness of the mountains was the major option the Romans had ...

. The urban pattern was quite dense, and included several monuments and a number of remains of ancient buildings. Campo Marzio experienced manifold urban renewal interventions during the Renaissance, with the construction of several churches and noble palaces.

Pope Paul II Pope Paul II ( la, Paulus II; it, Paolo II; 23 February 1417 – 26 July 1471), born Pietro Barbo, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 30 August 1464 to his death in July 1471. When his maternal uncle Eugene IV ...

redeveloped the ''Via Lata'' (the current

Via del Corso The Via del Corso is a main street in the historical centre of Rome. It is straight in an area otherwise characterized by narrow meandering alleys and small piazzas. Considered a wide street in ancient times, the Corso is approximately 10 metres w ...

Pope Julius II Pope Julius II ( la, Iulius II; it, Giulio II; born Giuliano della Rovere; 5 December 144321 February 1513) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 1503 to his death in February 1513. Nicknamed the Warrior Pope or th ...

promoted the construction of two straight roads on each shore of the

Tiber The Tiber ( ; it, Tevere ; la, Tiberis) is the third-longest river in Italy and the longest in Central Italy, rising in the Apennine Mountains in Emilia-Romagna and flowing through Tuscany, Umbria, and Lazio, where it is joined by the Riv ...

Via Giulia Via or VIA may refer to the following: Science and technology * MOS Technology 6522, Versatile Interface Adapter * ''Via'' (moth), a genus of moths in the family Noctuidae * Via (electronics), a through-connection * VIA Technologies, a Taiwan ...

on the left shore and

Via della Lungara Via della Lungara is a street that links Via di Porta Settimiana to Piazza della Rovere in Rome (Italy), in the Rione Trastevere. History and name In the 16th century, Pope Julius II opened the new ''via recta'' ("straight road") that cut throug ...

on the right one, between

Trastevere Trastevere () is the 13th ''rione'' of Rome: it is identified by the initials R. XIII and it is located within Municipio I. Its name comes from Latin ''trans Tiberim'', literally 'beyond the Tiber'. Its coat of arms depicts a golden head of a lio ...

and the

Vatican Vatican may refer to: Vatican City, the city-state ruled by the pope in Rome, including St. Peter's Basilica, Sistine Chapel, Vatican Museum The Holy See * The Holy See, the governing body of the Catholic Church and sovereign entity recognized ...

. Pope

Leo X Pope Leo X ( it, Leone X; born Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici, 11 December 14751 December 1521) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 9 March 1513 to his death in December 1521. Born into the prominent political an ...

ordered the creation of a new road connecting

Ponte Sant'Angelo Ponte Sant'Angelo, originally the Aelian Bridge or Pons Aelius, is a Roman bridge in Rome, Italy, completed in 134 AD by Roman Emperor Hadrian (Publius Aelius Hadrianus), to span the Tiber from the city centre to his newly constructed mauso ...

Porta del Popolo The Porta del Popolo, or Porta Flaminia, is a city gate of the Aurelian Walls of Rome that marks the border between Piazza del Popolo and Piazzale Flaminio. History The previous name was ''Porta Flaminia'', because the consular Via Flaminia p ...

, the ''Via Leonina'' (

Via di Ripetta Via di Ripetta, also called Via Ripetta, is a street in the historic centre of Rome (Italy), in the rione Campo Marzio, that links Piazza del Popolo to Via del Clementino and, with other toponyms (Via della Scrofa, Via della Dogana Vecchia), rea ...

). In 1570,

Pope Pius V Pope Pius V ( it, Pio V; 17 January 1504 – 1 May 1572), born Antonio Ghislieri (from 1518 called Michele Ghislieri, O.P.), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 8 January 1566 to his death in May 1572. He is v ...

promoted the restoration of the Acquedotto Vergine, leading to the creation of new fountains in the area. New works were undertaken when Rome became the new Italian capital, in 1870, first of all massive walls were built alongside the

, to avoid floods, which were flanked by Lungotevere in Augusta and Lungotevere Marzio. The ''rione'' was linked to the near

Prati Prati is the 22nd ''rione'' of Rome, identified by the initials R. XXII. It belongs to the Municipio I since 2013, while previously, along with Borgo and ''quartieri'' Trionfale and Della Vittoria, it was part of the Municipio XVII. Its coat of ...

through the construction of

Ponte Regina Margherita Ponte Regina Margherita (Italian for ''Queen Margherita Bridge''), also known as Ponte Margherita, is a bridge linking Piazza della Libertà to Lungotevere Arnaldo da Brescia, in the rioni Campo Marzio and Prati in Rome, Italy. Description T ...

in 1891, while in 1902 a new bridge (

Ponte Cavour Ponte Cavour is a bridge in Rome (Italy), connecting Piazza del Porto di Ripetta to Lungotevere dei Mellini, in the '' Rioni'' Campo Marzio and Prati. The bridge also serves as a connection between and the area of Campo Marzio near the Ara Pa ...

) was built downstream, in line with Piazza Cavour, demolishing the

Porto di Ripetta The Porto di Ripetta was a port in the city of Rome. It was situated on the banks of the River Tiber and was designed and built in 1704 by the Italian Baroque architect Alessandro Specchi. Located in front of the church of San Girolamo degli Sch ...

. In 1909, depending on the urban development of Prati, a large demolition project was planned in Campo Marzio, envisaging a new artery climbing down the

Pincio The Pincian Hill (; it, Pincio ; la, Mons Pincius) is a hill in the northeast quadrant of the historical centre of Rome. The hill lies to the north of the Quirinal, overlooking the Campus Martius. It was outside the original boundaries of th ...

and reaching Ponte Cavour. The plan was then modified, and in 1926 a massive refurbishment started in the area near the

Mausoleum of Augustus The Mausoleum of Augustus ( it, Mausoleo di Augusto, italic=no) is a large tomb built by the Roman Emperor Augustus in 28 BC on the Campus Martius in Rome, Italy. The mausoleum is located on the Piazza Augusto Imperatore, near the corner with Via ...

, demolishing about 120 houses and creating a big empty space around it.

Geography

Boundaries

Northward, Campo Marzio is delimited by the Aurelian Walls (alongside Via Luisa di Savoia) and by

Piazzale Flaminio Piazzale Flaminio is a square in Rome (Italy) and the starting point of the Via Flaminia. It divides the Flaminio (Rome), Flaminio and the Pinciano quarters. Description The square extends just outside the Aurelian Walls. Porta del Popolo, on i ...

, that separates it from ''Quartiere'' Flaminio (Q. I). To the north, it also borders with ''Quartiere''

Pinciano Pinciano is the 3rd ''quartiere'' of Rome (Italy), identified by the initials Q. III. The name derives from the Pincian Hill. It belongs to the Municipio II. History Pinciano is among the first 15 '' quartieri'' of the city, originally delimi ...

(Q. III), whose border is marked by Piazzale Flaminio and by the portion of the Aurelian Walls beside Viale del Muro Torto. Eastward, Campo Marzio borders with Ludovisi (R. XVI), from which it is separated by Via di

Porta Pinciana Porta Pinciana is a gate of the Aurelian Walls in Rome. The name derives from the ''gens'' Pincia, who owned the eponymous hill (Pincian Hill). In ancient times it was also called ''Porta Turata'' ("Plugged Gate", for it was partially closed) ...

and Via

Francesco Crispi Francesco Crispi (4 October 1818 – 11 August 1901) was an Italian patriot and statesman. He was among the main protagonists of the Risorgimento, a close friend and supporter of Giuseppe Mazzini and Giuseppe Garibaldi, and one of the architect ...

. To the south, it borders with other 3 ''rioni'':

Colonna The House of Colonna, also known as ''Sciarrillo'' or ''Sciarra'', is an Italian noble family, forming part of the papal nobility. It was powerful in medieval and Renaissance Rome, supplying one pope (Martin V) and many other church and politica ...

(R. III), from which Campo Marzio is separated by Via Francesco Crispi, Via Capo le Case, Via dei Due Macelli, Via Frattina, Piazza di San Lorenzo in Lucina and Via di Campo Marzio;

Sant'Eustachio Sant'Eustachio is a Roman Catholic titular church and minor basilica in Rome, named for the martyr Saint Eustace. It is located on Via di Sant'Eustachio in the rione Sant'Eustachio, a block west of the Pantheon and via della Rotonda, and a bl ...

(R. VIII), whose boundary is defined by Piazza in Campo Marzio, Via della Stelletta and Via dei Portoghesi; and Ponte (R. V), the boundary being a brief stretch of Via dell'Orso and Via del Cancello, up to the

. To the west, Campo Marzio boundary is the

itself, that separates it from

(R. XXII).

Local geography

;Piazzas *

Piazza del Popolo Piazza del Popolo is a large urban square in Rome. The name in modern Italian literally means "People's Square", but historically it derives from the poplars (''populus'' in Latin, ''pioppo'' in Italian) after which the church of Santa Maria del ...

Piazza di Spagna Piazza di Spagna ("Spanish Square"), at the bottom of the Spanish Steps, is one of the most famous squares in Rome, Italy. It owes its name to the Palazzo di Spagna, the seat of the Embassy of Spain to the Holy See. There is also the famed Colum ...

* Piazza Nicosia ;Roads * Via Bocca di Leone * Via Borgognona * Via dei Condotti *

Via del Babuino Via del Babuino is a street in the historic centre of Rome (Italy), located in the rione Campo Marzio. It connects Piazza del Popolo to Piazza di Spagna and is part of the complex of streets known as Tridente. History The origins of Via del Bab ...

* Via della Croce * Via de' Prefetti *

Via Margutta Via Margutta is a narrow street in the centre of Rome, near Piazza del Popolo, accessible from Via del Babuino in the ancient Campo Marzio neighborhood also known as ''"the foreigner's quarter"''. Mount Pincio is nearby. Via Margutta original ...

* Via Sistina * Via Tomacelli * Via Vittoria * Via Gregoriana

Places of interest

Palaces and other buildings

Accademia di belle arti di Roma The Accademia di Belle Arti di Roma is a public tertiary academy of art in Rome, Italy. It was founded in the sixteenth century, but the present institution dates from the time of the unification of Italy and the capture of Rome by the Kingdom ...

, in

. * Casa di Goethe, in

. *

Palazzo Della Porta Negroni Caffarelli ''This Palazzo should not be confused with the Palazzo Caffarelli-Clementino, the Palazzo Viddoni Caffarelli or the Palazzo Aragona Gonzaga Negroni Galitzin, also in Rome.'' Palazzo Della Porta Negroni Caffarelli is a large townhouse located at Via ...

, in Via dei Condotti. * Palazzo Aragona Gonzaga, in Via della Scrofa. *

Palazzo Borghese Palazzo Borghese is a palace in Rome, Italy, the main seat of the Borghese family. It was nicknamed ''il Cembalo'' ("the harpsichord") due to its unusual trapezoidal groundplan; its narrowest facade faces the River Tiber. The entrance at the oppos ...

, in Piazza Borghese. * Palazzo Boncompagni Cerasi, in

* Palazzo Capilupi, in Via de' Prefetti. * Palazzo Corrodi, in Via Maria Adelaide. * Palazzo Firenze, in Piazza di Firenze. * Palazzo Gabrielli-Mignanelli, in Piazza Mignanelli. * Palazzo Incontro, in Via de' Prefetti. *

Palazzo Malta Palazzo Malta, officially named as the Magistral Palace ( it, Palazzo Magistrale), and also known as ''Palazzo di Malta'' or ''Palazzo dell'Ordine di Malta'', is the more important of the two headquarters of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta ( ...

or Palazzo Magistrale, in Via dei Condotti. *

Palazzo Nainer {{Infobox building , name = Nainer Palace , native_name = Palazzo Nainer , native_name_lang = , logo = , logo_size = , logo_alt = , logo_caption = , image ...

, in Via del Babuino. * Palazzo Rondinini, in Via del Corso. * Palazzo Ruspoli, in Via del Corso. * Palazzo dell'Unione Militare, in Via Tomacelli. * Palazzetto Zuccari, in Via Sistina, near Via Gregoriana, and Piazza della

Trinità dei Monti The church of the Santissima Trinità dei Monti, often called merely the Trinità dei Monti ( French: ''La Trinité-des-Monts''), is a Roman Catholic late Renaissance titular church in Rome, central Italy. It is best known for its position above ...

. *

Villa Medici The Villa Medici () is a Mannerist villa and an architectural complex with a garden contiguous with the larger Borghese gardens, on the Pincian Hill next to Trinità dei Monti in Rome, Italy. The Villa Medici, founded by Ferdinando I de' Medici, ...

, in Viale della Trinità dei Monti.

Archaeological sites

Ara Pacis The Ara Pacis Augustae (Latin, "Altar of Augustan Peace"; commonly shortened to Ara Pacis) is an altar in Rome dedicated to Pax, the Roman goddess of Peace. The monument was commissioned by the Roman Senate on July 4, 13 BC to honour the return of ...

Amphitheater of Statilius Taurus The Amphitheatre of Statilius Taurus ( la, Amphitheatrum Statilii Tauri) was an Roman amphitheatre in ancient Rome. The amphitheatre was inaugurated in 29 BC. Earlier arenas were temporary structures that were disassembled after the event. The amp ...

Churches

Santa Maria del Popolo it, Basilica Parrocchiale Santa Maria del Popolo , image = 20140803 Basilica of Santa Maria del Popolo Rome 0191.jpg , caption = The church from Piazza del Popolo , coordinates = , image_size ...

* Santa Maria dei Miracoli *

Santa Maria in Montesanto Santa Maria dei Miracoli and Santa Maria di Montesanto are two churches of Rome, churches in Rome. They are located on the Piazza del Popolo, facing the northern gate of the Aurelian Walls, at the entrance of Via del Corso on the square. The chu ...

* San Rocco all'Augusteo *

Santi Ambrogio e Carlo al Corso Sant'Ambrogio e Carlo al Corso (usually known simply as ''San Carlo al Corso'') is a basilica church in Rome, Italy, facing onto the central part of the Via del Corso. The apse of the church faces across the street, the Mausoleum of Augustus o ...

Gesù e Maria Gesù or Gesu may refer to: * Church of the Gesù, the mother church of the Society of Jesus ** Church of the Gesù (disambiguation), other churches with the name * Jesus in the Italian language * Gesù Nuovo Gesù Nuovo ( it, New Jesus) is the ...

San Girolamo dei Croati Saint Jerome of the Croats is the national Catholic church of Croatia on Via Tomacelli in the Campus Martius of Rome. It is now a chapel of the Pontifical Croatian College of Saint Jerome in Rome and is only open to visitors by arrangement with ...

* Sant'Antonio in Campo Marzio * Santa Lucia della Tinta *

Santa Maria della Concezione in Campo Marzio Santa Maria della Concezione () is a church in Rome, located on Piazza Campo Marzio in the Campo Marzio ''rione''. It serves as the national church in Rome for Syriac Catholics. History The church and its adjoining monastery traditionally ori ...

Santa Maria Portae Paradisi Santa Maria ''Portae Paradisi'' is a catholic church in Rome, in the Rione Campo Marzio, along via di Ripetta. History The church, already known in the 9th century with the name ''Santa Maria in Augusta'', received the title ''in Porta Parad ...

Sant'Ivo dei Bretoni The Church of Saint Ivo of the Bretons ( it, Sant'Ivo dei Bretoni, french: Saint Yves-des-Bretons, ) is a Roman Catholic church dedicated to Saint Ivo of Kermartin, patron of Brittany.

* San Gregorio Nazianzeno * San Nicola dei Prefetti *

Sant'Atanasio The Church of Saint Athanasius ( it, Sant’Atanasio, la, S. Athanasii), also known as Sant'Atanasio dei Greci (, ''Ekklisia Agiou Athanasiou ton Ellinon''), is a Greek Catholic titular church located on Via del Babuino 149, near the Spanish step ...

* Santissima Trinità degli Spagnoli *

San Giacomo in Augusta San Giacomo in Augusta (also known as San Giacomo degli Incurabili) is a Baroque architecture, Baroque church in Rome, Italy. It was the church of the Hospital of San Giacomo degli Incurabili. Location and name Located on Via del Corso, roughly ...

* Resurrezione di Nostro Signore Gesù Cristo * San Gregorio dei Muratori *

San Giorgio e Martiri Inglesi San Giorgio e Martiri Inglesi (''St George and the English Martyrs'') is a Roman Catholic church in Rome, in the rione Campo Marzio on via di San Sebastianello. It opened on 5 November 1887, having been built thanks to a major donation by prince ...

All Saints' Church All Saints Church, or All Saints' Church or variations on the name may refer to: Albania *All Saints' Church, Himarë Australia * All Saints Church, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory * All Saints Anglican Church, Henley Brook, Western Aust ...

* Rome Baptist Church

References

External links

01 Rioni of Rome {{Lazio-geo-stub