Crikvenica () is a city in
Croatia
, image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg
, image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg
, anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland")
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, capit ...
, located on the
Adriatic
The Adriatic Sea () is a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula. The Adriatic is the northernmost arm of the Mediterranean Sea, extending from the Strait of Otranto (where it connects to the Ionian Sea) ...
in the
Primorje-Gorski Kotar County
Primorje-Gorski Kotar County ( hr, Primorsko-goranska županija, ) is a county in western Croatia that includes the Bay of Kvarner, the surrounding Northern Croatian Littoral, and the mountainous region of Gorski kotar. Its center is Rijeka. The ...
.
Names
The names of the town in various languages include:
* la, Ad Turres
* it, Cirquenizza
* hu, Cirkvenica, Cirkvenicza, Czirkvenicza, Czirkwenicza
* german: Cirknenz
Geography
Crikvenica is located southeast of
Rijeka
Rijeka ( , , ; also known as Fiume hu, Fiume, it, Fiume ; local Chakavian: ''Reka''; german: Sankt Veit am Flaum; sl, Reka) is the principal seaport and the third-largest city in Croatia (after Zagreb and Split). It is located in Primor ...
and is the largest settlement on the coast of the
Vinodol Vinodol is a Slavic toponym that may refer to:
* Vinodol, Nitra, village and municipality in Slovakia
*Vinodol, Croatia, municipality and valley in Croatia
**Vinodol Channel
Vinodol Channel ( it, Canale Meltempo or ) is a channel between the isl ...
coastal area.
Towns near Crikvenica include
Kraljevica,
Selce and
Novi Vinodolski
Novi Vinodolski (, often also called Novi or ''Novi del Vinodol'' o ''Novi in Valdivino'' in Italian) is a town on the Adriatic Sea coast in Croatia, located south of Crikvenica, Selce and Bribir and north of Senj. The population of Novi is 3,988 ...
.
In the last twenty years, due to urban expansion of Crikvenica itself and expansion of the nearby town of
Selce, the two were merged into a mini-conglomerate.
Population
In the 2011 census, Crikvenica had a total municipal population of 11,122, in the following
settlements:
* Crikvenica, population 6,860
*
Dramalj
Dramalj is a village in Croatia. It is part of the town of Crikvenica, extending from the neighborhood Crni mol to the tourist complex Kačjak. Dramalj has 1,485 inhabitants, most of whom are empolyed in the tourism and catering industries. More ...
, population 1,485
*
Jadranovo
Jadranovo is a small coastal town in the northern coast of Croatia. Tourism here has flourished due to its proximity to Crikvenica.
Geography
Jadranovo is at approximately 45°10′N 14°41′E. This is 8 km from Crikvenica and 26 km ...
, population 1,224
*
Selce, population 1,553
History
Crikvenica was developed on the site of a Roman era settlement and military base called Ad Turres.
Old Crikvenica was originally an offshoot of the village of Kotor, which is located on a nearby hill and shares its name with that of the village.
The name of the town derives from the word for 'church' (Croatian: ''crkva'', in dialect ''crikva''), referring to the monastery church of the
Pauline Fathers
The Order of Saint Paul the First Hermit ( lat, Ordo Fratrum Sancti Pauli Primi Eremitæ; abbreviated OSPPE), commonly called the Pauline Fathers, is a monastic order of the Roman Catholic Church founded in Hungary during the 13th century.
Thi ...
, which was built by
Nikola IV Frankopan
Nicola Frangipani in croatian language Nikola IV Frankopan ( hu, Frangepán Miklós; c.1360 – 26 June 1432) was a Croatian nobleman and the Ban of Croatia and Dalmatia from 1426 to 1432.
He began as a lord of most of northern Croatia as count ...
nearby in 1412. Beside the church and the monastery at the mouth of the
Dubračina, the nearby port of Grižane grew up. In 1760 the local worthy moved from Bribir to Crikvenica and thus it became the centre of the whole
Vinodol Vinodol is a Slavic toponym that may refer to:
* Vinodol, Nitra, village and municipality in Slovakia
*Vinodol, Croatia, municipality and valley in Croatia
**Vinodol Channel
Vinodol Channel ( it, Canale Meltempo or ) is a channel between the isl ...
coast. A great fire of 1776, in which nearly entire Kotor was burnt down, accelerated the migration from the hills towards the coastal areas.
In the 19th century Crikvenica began to attract many tourists, which brought about a turning point in its history. In 1877 a harbour was built in Crikvenica, in 1888 a bathing beach and as early as 1891 the first hotel had opened. In 1895 the Hotel Therapia was opened with 120 beds and a Hydrotherapy Institute. In 1902 the Hotel Crikvenica was built, in 1903 the Bellevue and in 1905 the Miramare. In 1906 Crikvenica became officially a
health resort
A destination spa or health resort is a resort centered on a spa, such as a mineral spa. Historically, many such spas were developed at the location of natural hot springs or mineral springs; in the era before modern biochemical knowledge and ...
and due to its favourable climate, in the space of just 16 years Crikvenica became the most important resort on the riviera. Today, together with Selce, it is one of the most attractive parts of the Kvarner coast, as well as of the North Adriatic coast of Croatia in general.
In the late 19th and early 20th century, Crikvenica was a district capital in the
Modruš-Rijeka County
The Modruš-Rijeka County ( hr, Modruško-riječka županija; hu, Modrus-Fiume vármegye) was a historic administrative subdivision ('' županija'') of the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia. Croatia-Slavonia was an autonomous kingdom within the Lan ...
of the
Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia
The Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia ( hr, Kraljevina Hrvatska i Slavonija; hu, Horvát-Szlavónország or ; de-AT, Königreich Kroatien und Slawonien) was a nominally autonomous kingdom and constitutionally defined separate political nation with ...
.
Notable people
*
Josif Pančić
Josif Pančić ( sr-cyr, Јосиф Панчић; April 17, 1814 – February 25, 1888) was a Serbian botanist, a doctor of medicine, a lecturer at the Great School (the future University of Belgrade), and the first president of the Serbian Royal ...
(1814–1888), botanist
*
Ljerko Spiller
Ljerko Spiller (22 July 1908 – 9 November 2008) was a famous Croat and Argentine violinist.
Early life and education
Spiller was born in Crikvenica to a Croatian Jewish family. After World War I Spiller moved with his family to Zagreb, where ...
(1908–2008), Croatian and Argentine violinist
* The family of Argentine Cardinal
Estanislao Esteban Karlic
Estanislao Esteban Karlic (born 7 February 1926) is an Argentine Cardinal (Catholic Church), cardinal of the Catholic Church. He served as Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Paraná, Archbishop of Paraná from 1986 to 2003, and was elevated to the Ca ...
(born 1926) came from Karlići, a small village approximately outside Crikvenica
Photo gallery
File:Crikvenica 107.jpg, Viaduct passing through the town
File:Crikvenica s palade 16022012 2 roberta f.jpg, Port of Crikvenica
File:Crikvenica Croatia.JPG, Town park
File:Houses in the Milovan Mužević street in Dramalj.jpg, Dramalj
File:Crikvenica Ursa major 0809.jpg, Nighttime view of the town
File:Grad Ck zgrada 040109.jpg, Crikvenica Town Hall
File:Crikvenica, hotel Kaštel.jpg, Monastery (today Kaštel Hotel) and Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary
File:Špiljski lav 1.JPG, Cave lion skull found in Vrtare Male cave
See also
*
Giulio Clovio
Giorgio Giulio Clovio or Juraj Julije Klović (1498 – 5 January 1578) was an illuminator, miniaturist, and painter born in the Kingdom of Croatia, who was mostly active in Renaissance Italy. He is considered the greatest illuminator of the It ...
References
Bibliography
*
External links
*
{{Authority control
Cities and towns in Croatia
Populated coastal places in Croatia
Roman towns and cities in Croatia
Populated places in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County
Modruš-Rijeka County
1412 establishments in Europe
15th-century establishments in Croatia