A cooking apple or culinary apple is an

apple An apple is an edible fruit produced by an apple tree (''Malus domestica''). Apple trees are cultivated worldwide and are the most widely grown species in the genus ''Malus''. The tree originated in Central Asia, where its wild ancestor, ' ...

that is used primarily for cooking, as opposed to a '' dessert apple'', which is eaten raw. Cooking apples are generally larger, and can be tarter than dessert varieties. Some varieties have a firm flesh that does not break down much when cooked. Culinary varieties with a high acid content produce froth when cooked, which is desirable for some recipes. Britain grows a large range of apples specifically for cooking. Worldwide, dual-purpose varieties (for both cooking and eating raw) are more widely grown. Apples can be cooked down into

sauce In cooking, a sauce is a liquid, cream, or semi-solid food, served on or used in preparing other foods. Most sauces are not normally consumed by themselves; they add flavor, moisture, and visual appeal to a dish. ''Sauce'' is a French wor ...

apple butter Apple butter is a highly concentrated form of apple sauce produced by long, slow cooking of apples with cider or water to a point where the sugar in the apples caramelizes, turning the apple butter a deep brown. The concentration of sugar gives a ...

, or

fruit preserves Fruit preserves are preparations of fruits whose main preserving agent is sugar and sometimes acid, often stored in glass jars and used as a condiment or spread. There are many varieties of fruit preserves globally, distinguished by the met ...

. They can be baked in an oven and served with custard, and made into pies or

apple crumble An apple crumble is a British dessert featuring baked apple with a crunchy topping. In the UK, the term 'crumble' refers to both a dessert similar to the American apple crisp, which is topped with rolled oats and brown sugar, or a dessert topp ...

. In the UK roast pork is commonly served with cold

apple sauce Apple sauce or applesauce is a purée (not necessarily served as a true sauce) made of apples. It can be made with peeled or unpeeled apples and may be spiced or sweetened. Apple sauce is inexpensive and is widely consumed in North America and s ...

made from boiled and mashed apples.

Bramley apple ''Malus domestica'' (Bramley's Seedling, commonly known as the Bramley apple, or simply Bramley, Bramleys or Bramley's) is a cultivar of apple that is usually eaten cooked due to its sourness. The variety comes from a pip planted by Mary Ann Brai ...

is by far the most popular cooking apple in the United Kingdom, while

Granny Smith The Granny Smith, also known as a green apple or sour apple, is an apple cultivar which originated in Australia in 1868. It is named after Maria Ann Smith, who propagated the cultivar from a chance seedling. The tree is thought to be a hybrid ...

may be the most popular in the United States and Australia (where it originated). A

baked apple A baked apple is a culinary dish, dish consisting of an apple baking, baked in an oven until it has become soft. The core is usually removed and the resulting cavity stuffed with sweet or savory fillings and seasonings. Pears and quinces may be ...

baked Baking is a method of preparing food that uses dry heat, typically in an oven, but can also be done in hot ashes, or on hot stones. The most common baked item is bread but many other types of foods can be baked. Heat is gradually transferre ...

in an oven until it has become soft. The core is usually removed and the resulting cavity stuffed with fruits,

brown sugar Brown sugar is unrefined or partially refined soft sugar. Brown Sugar may also refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''Brown Sugar'' (1922 film), a 1922 British silent film directed by Fred Paul * ''Brown Sugar'' (1931 film), a 1931 ...

raisin A raisin is a dried grape. Raisins are produced in many regions of the world and may be eaten raw or used in cooking, baking, and brewing. In the United Kingdom, Ireland, New Zealand, and Australia, the word ''raisin'' is reserved for the ...

s, or cinnamon, and sometimes a liquor such as brandy. An apple dumpling adds a pastry crust.

John Claudius Loudon John Claudius Loudon (8 April 1783 – 14 December 1843) was a Scottish botanist, garden designer and author. He was the first to use the term arboretum in writing to refer to a garden of plants, especially trees, collected for the purpose of ...

wrote in 1842:

History

Popular cooking apples in US, in the late 19th century. Tart: Duchess of Oldenburg, Fallawater, Gravenstein, Horse, Keswick Codlin, Red Astrachan, Rhode Island Greening, Tetofsky. Sweet: Golden Sweet, Maverack Sweet, Peach Pound Sweet, Tolman Sweet and Willis Sweet. Popular cooking apples in the early 20th century´s England: Alfriston, Beauty of Kent, Bismark, Bramley, Cox Pomona, Dumelow, Ecklinville, Emneth Early, Golden Noble, Grenadier, Lord Grosvenor, Lord Derby, Newton Wonder, Stirling Castle, Warners King.

Cooking apple cultivars

D = Dual purpose ( table + cooking). Cooking result P = Puree K = Keeps Shape * Alfriston P * Allington K * Annie Elizabeth K * Antonovka P * Arthur Turner P * Baldwin * Ballyfatten * Bancroft * Baron Ward *

Beacon A beacon is an intentionally conspicuous device designed to attract attention to a specific location. A common example is the lighthouse, which draws attention to a fixed point that can be used to navigate around obstacles or into port. More mode ...

* Beauty of Kent P *

Belle de Boskoop Belle de Boskoop (also called Goudrenet, Goudreinet or Goudreinnette) is an apple cultivar which originated in Boskoop, Netherlands, where it began as a chance seedling in 1856. Variants include Boskoop red, yellow and green. This rustic apple is ...

K *

Bismarck apple Bismarck (''Malus domestica'' 'Bismarck') is an apple cultivar. The fruit from the tree is used for cooking due to its sharp flavour and is most commonly pureed when cooking. History There are several different accounts of the origin on this app ...

P * Black Amish – also consumed as an eating apple * Black Twig D *

Blenheim Orange Blenheim Orange (Kempster's Pippin) is a cultivar of apple. It was found at Woodstock, Oxfordshire near Blenheim in England in about 1740. It has been described as a cooking apple. A tailor named George Kempster planted the original kernel and t ...

P - K * Bloody Ploughman * Bountiful *

Braeburn The Braeburn is a cultivar of apple that is firm to the touch with a red/orange vertical streaky appearance on a yellow/green background. Its color intensity varies with different growing conditions. It was discovered as a chance seedling in 1 ...

K * Bramley P *

Crab apple ''Malus'' ( or ) is a genus of about 30–55 species of small deciduous trees or shrubs in the family Rosaceae, including the domesticated orchard apple, crab apples, wild apples, and rainberries. The genus is native to the temperate zone of th ...

(primarily for jelly) * Burr Knot P * Byflett Seedling P * Byford Wonder K *

Calville Blanc d'hiver The Calville Blanc d'hiver (''White Winter Calville'') is an apple cultivar. It originated in France in the 17th century from a chance seedling. The older apple varieties that carry the name "Calville" was very popular in Germany and France and ...

K * Calville Rouge d´automne K * Calville Rouge d´hiver P * Campanino * Carlisle Codlin P *

Carolina Red June Carolina may refer to: Geography * The Carolinas, the U.S. states of North and South Carolina ** North Carolina, a U.S. state ** South Carolina, a U.S. state * Province of Carolina, a British province until 1712 * Carolina, Alabama, a town in t ...

* Carter's Blue * Catshead P * Cellini P * Charles Ross K * Chelmsford Wonder P * Cockle Pippin P * Colloggett Pippin P - K * 'Cortland' D * Coul Blush * Cox Pomona P - K * Custard * Danziger Kantapfel K * Duchess of Oldenburg *

Dudley Winter Dudley is a large market town and administrative centre in the county of West Midlands, England, southeast of Wolverhampton and northwest of Birmingham. Historically an exclave of Worcestershire, the town is the administrative centre of the M ...

Dumelow's Seedling Dumelow's Seedling is a cultivar of domesticated apple that originated at Shackerstone in Leicestershire where it was grown by Richard Dumeller in 1800. It is known by many other names including 'Dumelow's Crab', 'Wellington', 'Doncklaer', 'Beau ...

P *

Edward VII Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Emperor of India, from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910. The second child and eldest son of Queen Victoria an ...

P * Emneth Early *

Esopus Spitzenburg Esopus Spitzenburg or Aesopus Spitzenburgh is a variety of apple. It was discovered early in the 18th century near Esopus, New York and is reputed to have been a favorite apple of Thomas Jefferson, who planted several of the trees at Monticello. ...

D * Fallawater * Flower of Kent * Galloway K * Gennet Moyle * George Neal * Glockenapfel *

Ginger Gold Ginger Gold is a yellow apple variety which entered commerce in the 1980s, though the original seedling dates from the late 1960s. According to the US Apple Association website, , it was one of the fifteen most popular apple cultivars in the Uni ...

* Golden Noble * Golden Pippi * Golden Reinette P - K * Golden Sweet * Gragg *

Gravenstein Gravenstein (Danish: ''Gråsten'', meaning "graystone", after Gråsten Palace) is a triploid apple cultivar that originated in the 17th century or earlier. The fruit has a tart flavor, and it is heavily used as a cooking apple, especially f ...

– also consumed as an eating apple * Greenup´s Pippin P *

Grenadier A grenadier ( , ; derived from the word '' grenade'') was originally a specialist soldier who threw hand grenades in battle. The distinct combat function of the grenadier was established in the mid-17th century, when grenadiers were recruited fr ...

* Hambledon Deux Ans P - K * Harrison Cider Apple * Hawthornden P * Howgate Wonder K * Irish Peach * Isaac Newton * James Grieve – also consumed as an eating apple * Jonathan – also consumed as an eating apple * Jumbo * Keswick Codlin P *

King of the Pippins King of the Pippins or Reine des Reinettes (French) is an old cultivar of domesticated apple originating from France, and is still used in its original form as well as in many derivative cultivars that have been bred from it.< ...

K D *

Landsberger Reinette 'Landsberger Reinette' is a cultivar of domesticated apple that originated in Landsberg an der Warthe. Synonymes: Surprise and Reneta Gorzowska.Obstsorten Atlas,1996 It is also ambiguously known as 'Surprise' apple. It is a parent of the 'Minist ...

* Lane's Prince Albert P * Lodi * Lord Derby P * Lowell * Maiden Blush * Malinda *

McIntosh McIntosh, Macintosh, or Mackintosh (Gaelic: ') may refer to: Products and brands * Mackintosh, a form of waterproof raincoat * Mackintosh's or John Mackintosh and Co., later Rowntree Mackintosh, former UK confectionery company now part of Nestl� ...

– also consumed as an eating apple * My Jewel * Newell-Kimzey (aka

Airlie Red Flesh The Airlie Red Flesh, (also known as the Hidden Rose or the Mountain Rose), is a cultivar of domesticated apple An apple is an edible fruit produced by an apple tree (''Malus domestica''). Apple trees are cultivated worldwide and are the ...

) * Newton Wonder P * Nickajack * Norfolk Biffin K *

Northern greening Northern may refer to the following: Geography * North, a point in direction * Northern Europe, the northern part or region of Europe * Northern Highland, a region of Wisconsin, United States * Northern Province, Sri Lanka * Northern Range, a ...

Northern Spy The Northern Spy, also called 'Spy' and 'King', is a cultivar of domesticated apple that originated on the farm of Oliver Chapin in East Bloomfield, New York, in about 1840. It is popular in upstate New York. The Northern Spy was one of four app ...

* Oldenburg * Paulared D *

Peasgood's Nonsuch 'Peasgood's Nonsuch' is an apple cultivar A cultivar is a type of cultivated plant that people have selected for desired traits and when propagated retain those traits. Methods used to propagate cultivars include: division, root and stem c ...

P - K * Pink Lady – also consumed as an eating apple *

Pinova 'Pinova' is a German apple cultivar. It was created in 1965 at the Institut für Obstforschung of Dresden–Pillnitz in Saxony which at that time was in the German Democratic Republic. After Germany was re-united in 1990, the rights to the cul ...

* Porter's * Pott's Seedling * Pumpkin Sweet apple * Queen P *

Red Astrachan Red Astrachan is a Russian or Swedish cultivar of domesticated apple, which is an early season apple, juicy, tart and mealy texture with pleasant flavour, and use for eating, cooking and cider. It is medium-sized, crimson colored. As all the earl ...

* Red Prince * Reverend W. Wilks P *

Rhode Island Greening The 'Rhode Island Greening' is an American apple variety and the official fruit of the state of Rhode Island. History The Rhode Island Greening originated around 1650 near Green's End in Middletown, Rhode Island. The first Greenings were grow ...

* Rome Beauty * Sandow * Scotch Bridget * Scotch Dumpling * Schoolmaster P * Stirling Castle P * Smokehouse * Snow apple (aka Fameuse) *

Spartan Sparta (Doric Greek: Σπάρτα, ''Spártā''; Attic Greek: Σπάρτη, ''Spártē'') was a prominent city-state in Laconia, in ancient Greece. In antiquity, the city-state was known as Lacedaemon (, ), while the name Sparta referred t ...

Stayman Stayman is a bidding convention in the card game contract bridge. It is used by a partnership to find a 4-4 or 5-3 trump fit in a suit after making a one (1NT) opening bid and it has been adapted for use after a 2NT opening, a 1NT overcall, an ...

* Stirling Castle P * Surprise K * Tetofsky * Tickled Pink * Tolman Sweet * Tom Putt *

Topaz Topaz is a silicate mineral of aluminium and fluorine with the chemical formula Al Si O( F, OH). It is used as a gemstone in jewelry and other adornments. Common topaz in its natural state is colorless, though trace element impurities can mak ...

* Transparante de Croncels K * Twenty Ounce K * Wagener *

Warner's King The Warnaco Group, Inc. was an American textile/clothing corporation which designed, sourced, marketed, licensed, and distributed a wide range of underwear, sportswear, and swimwear worldwide. Its products were sold under several brand names i ...

P *

Wealthy Wealth is the abundance of valuable financial assets or physical possessions which can be converted into a form that can be used for transactions. This includes the core meaning as held in the originating Old English word , which is from an I ...

D * White Melrose * White Transparent *

Winesap Winesap is an old apple cultivar of unknown origin, dating at least to American colonial times. Its apples are sweet with a tangy finish. They are used for eating, cooking, and are especially prized for making cider.York Imperial The 'York Imperial', or 'York', is a cultivar of apple (''Malus pumila'') from which a number of other valuable strains and cultivars have arisen, including four sport varieties: Commander York, Ramey York, Red Yorking, and Yorking. History In ...

References

{{Apples, state=collapsed Apples Apple dishes Baked foods

History

Cooking apple cultivars

See also

References