county A county is a geographic region of a country used for administrative or other purposes Chambers Dictionary, L. Brookes (ed.), 2005, Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, Edinburgh in certain modern nations. The term is derived from the Old French ...

județ A ''județ'' (, plural ) is an administrative division in Romania, and was also used from 1940 to 1947 in the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic and from 1998 to 2003 in Moldova. ''Județ'' translates into English as "jurisdiction", but is co ...

border Borders are usually defined as geographical boundaries, imposed either by features such as oceans and terrain, or by political entities such as governments, sovereign states, federated states, and other subnational entities. Political bo ...

Dobruja Dobruja or Dobrudja (; bg, Добруджа, Dobrudzha or ''Dobrudža''; ro, Dobrogea, or ; tr, Dobruca) is a historical region in the Balkans that has been divided since the 19th century between the territories of Bulgaria and Romania. I ...

Constanța Constanța (, ; ; rup, Custantsa; bg, Кюстенджа, Kyustendzha, or bg, Констанца, Konstantsa, label=none; el, Κωνστάντζα, Kōnstántza, or el, Κωνστάντια, Kōnstántia, label=none; tr, Köstence), histo ...

Romanians The Romanians ( ro, români, ; dated exonym '' Vlachs'') are a Romance-speaking ethnic group. Sharing a common Romanian culture and ancestry, and speaking the Romanian language, they live primarily in Romania and Moldova. The 2011 Roman ...

Tatars The Tatars ()Tatar
in the Collins English Dictionary is an umbrella term for different

, remnants of the time of Ottoman rule. Currently the region is the centre of the Muslim minority in Romania. A great number of

Aromanians The Aromanians ( rup, Armãnji, Rrãmãnji) are an ethnic group native to the southern Balkans who speak Aromanian, an Eastern Romance language. They traditionally live in central and southern Albania, south-western Bulgaria, northern and c ...

have migrated to Dobruja in the last century, and they consider themselves a cultural minority rather than an ethnic minority. There are also

Romani Romani may refer to: Ethnicities * Romani people, an ethnic group of Northern Indian origin, living dispersed in Europe, the Americas and Asia ** Romani genocide, under Nazi rule * Romani language, any of several Indo-Aryan languages of the Roma ...

.

Geography

* Călărași County and Ialomița County are to the west. * Tulcea County and

Brăila County Brăila County () is a county (județ) of Romania, in Muntenia, with the capital city at Brăila. Demographics In 2011, Brăila had a population of 304,925 and the population density was 64/km2. * Romanians – 98% * Romani, Russians, Lip ...

are to the north. *Bulgaria ( Dobrich Province and Silistra Province) are to the south.

Economy

The predominant industries in the county are: * Tourism * Chemicals and petrochemicals * Food and beverages * Textiles * Shipbuilding * Construction materials * Mechanical components * Paper Agriculture is an important part in the county's economy, with Constanța being the county with the largest irrigation systems in the country (more than 4,300 km² before 1989, now greatly reduced), cereals being the most important products. Also, the county is famous for its wines from the Murfatlar region. At

Cernavodă Cernavodă () is a town in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania with a population of 20,514. The town's name is derived from the Bulgarian ''černa voda'' (черна вода in Cyrillic), meaning 'black water'. This name is regarded by ...

there is a nuclear power plant with two reactors, each of the CANDU type of Canadian design. The plant covers over 15% of the country's power demand. The Port of Constanța is the largest port in Romania, the most important of the

Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, ...

and the 4th in Europe. It is linked with the

Danube The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , ...

by the Danube-Black Sea Canal – the widest and deepest navigable channel in Europe, although it is not used to its full potential.

Tourism

The

Romanian Riviera The Romanian Black Sea resorts or the Romanian Riviera stretch along the Black Sea coast from the Danube Delta at the northern end down to the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast in the south, along 275 kilometers of coastline. The most important res ...

along the coast of the

Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, ...

is the preferred destination for the summer holidays in Romania. The resorts are, from North to South: * Năvodari * Mamaia * Eforie (North and South) * Costinești * Olimp * Neptun *

Jupiter Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System. It is a gas giant with a mass more than two and a half times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined, but slightly less than one-thousandt ...

* Cap Aurora *

Venus Venus is the second planet from the Sun. It is sometimes called Earth's "sister" or "twin" planet as it is almost as large and has a similar composition. As an interior planet to Earth, Venus (like Mercury) appears in Earth's sky never f ...

*

Saturn Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second-largest in the Solar System, after Jupiter. It is a gas giant with an average radius of about nine and a half times that of Earth. It has only one-eighth the average density of Earth; ...

*

Mangalia Mangalia (, tr, Mankalya), ancient Callatis ( el, Κάλλατις/Καλλατίς; other historical names: Pangalia, Panglicara, Tomisovara), is a city and a port on the coast of the Black Sea in the south-east of Constanța County, Northern ...

*

2 Mai 2 Mai (, "May 2") (according to the Socialist Republic of Romania records) or Două Mai (according to the founding decree signed by Mihail Kogălniceanu in 1887) is a village in the Limanu commune, Constanța County, Dobrogea, Romania. It is fo ...

* Vama Veche Also worth visiting are: * The city of

Constanța Constanța (, ; ; rup, Custantsa; bg, Кюстенджа, Kyustendzha, or bg, Констанца, Konstantsa, label=none; el, Κωνστάντζα, Kōnstántza, or el, Κωνστάντια, Kōnstántia, label=none; tr, Köstence), histo ...

* The mausoleum at Adamclisi * The Portița area

Politics

As of 27 September 2020, the elected President of the County Council is Mihai Lupu from PNL. In addition, in the wake of the

2020 Romanian local elections Local elections were held in Romania on 27 September 2020. Initially planned for June 2020, the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic led the Government of Romania to postpone the elections to a date no later than 31 December 2020, and extending all ...

, the current Constanța County Council consists of 36 counsellors, with the following party composition:

Administrative divisions

Constanța County has 3 municipalities, 9 towns and 58 communes: *Municipalities **

Constanța Constanța (, ; ; rup, Custantsa; bg, Кюстенджа, Kyustendzha, or bg, Констанца, Konstantsa, label=none; el, Κωνστάντζα, Kōnstántza, or el, Κωνστάντια, Kōnstántia, label=none; tr, Köstence), histo ...

– capital city; population: 283,872 (as of 2011) **

Mangalia Mangalia (, tr, Mankalya), ancient Callatis ( el, Κάλλατις/Καλλατίς; other historical names: Pangalia, Panglicara, Tomisovara), is a city and a port on the coast of the Black Sea in the south-east of Constanța County, Northern ...

** Medgidia *Towns **

Cernavodă Cernavodă () is a town in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania with a population of 20,514. The town's name is derived from the Bulgarian ''černa voda'' (черна вода in Cyrillic), meaning 'black water'. This name is regarded by ...

** Eforie **

Hârșova Hârșova (also spelled ''Hîrșova''; ; bg, Хърсово, ''Harsovo'') is a town located on the right bank of the Danube, in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. The village of Vadu Oii is administered by the town. The village is ...

** Murfatlar ** Năvodari ** Negru Vodă ** Ovidiu **

Techirghiol Techirghiol (, historical name: ''Tekirgöl'') is a town in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. Etymology The name is derived from the Turkish ''Tekirgöl'' which means "the lake of Tekir". According to a legend, a blind and crippled ...

*Communes ** 23 August ** Adamclisi **

Agigea Agigea (; tr, Acıçay, ) is a commune in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. The commune includes four villages: Agigea, Lazu (Turkish: ''Laz-Mahale''), Sanatoriul Agigea and Stațiunea Zoologică Marină Agigea, the last two being spe ...

** Albești ** Aliman ** Amzacea **

Băneasa Băneasa () is a borough () in the north side of Bucharest, in Sector 1, near the Băneasa Lake (). Like all north-side districts of Bucharest, it is relatively sparsely populated, with large areas of parkland. Bordering on Băneasa Forest, ...

(town between 2004 and 2019) **

Bărăganu Bărăganu () is a commune in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. The commune includes two villages: * Bărăganu (historical name: ''Osmanfacâ'', tr, Osmanfakı) - named after the Bărăgan Plain * Lanurile (historical name: ''Ebechi ...

** Castelu ** Cerchezu ** Chirnogeni **

Ciobanu Ciobanu is a commune in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. The commune includes two villages: * Ciobanu (historical name: tr, Çoban-Kuyusu) * Miorița (historical names: ''Cadi-Câșla'', ''Bălăceanu'' until 1964) Demographics At ...

** Ciocârlia ** Cobadin **

Cogealac Cogealac is a commune in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. The commune includes six villages: * Cogealac (historical names: ''Domnești'', tr, Kocalak) * Gura Dobrogei (historical names: ''Câvârgic'', tr, Kıvırcık) * Râmnicu de ...

** Comana ** Corbu ** Costinești ** Crucea ** Cumpăna ** Cuza Vodă ** Deleni ** Dobromir **

Dumbrăveni Dumbrăveni (before 1945 ''Ibașfalău''; german: Elisabethstadt; Saxon dialect: ''Eppeschdorf''; hu, Erzsébetváros) is a town in the north of Sibiu County, in the centre of Transylvania, central Romania. The town administers two villages, Er ...

** Fântânele **

Gârliciu Gârliciu is a commune in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja Northern Dobruja ( ro, Dobrogea de Nord or simply ; bg, Северна Добруджа, ''Severna Dobrudzha'') is the part of Dobruja within the borders of Romania. It lies between ...

** Ghindărești **

Grădina Grădina is a commune in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. The commune includes three villages: * Grădina (historical names: ''Toxoff'' or ''Tocsof'', tr, Dokuzsofu) * Casian (historical name: ''Șeramet'') * Cheia (historical name ...

** Horia ** Independența ** Ion Corvin **

Istria Istria ( ; Croatian and Slovene: ; ist, Eîstria; Istro-Romanian, Italian and Venetian: ; formerly in Latin and in Ancient Greek) is the largest peninsula within the Adriatic Sea. The peninsula is located at the head of the Adriatic betwee ...

** Limanu **

Lipnița Lipnița is a commune in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. The commune includes seven villages: * Lipnița * Canlia (historical name: tr, Kanlı) * Carvăn (historical names: ''Kervan'') - established in 1968 from the merger of ''Car ...

** Lumina ** Mereni ** Mihai Viteazu ** Mihail Kogălniceanu ** Mircea Vodă ** Nicolae Bălcescu **

Oltina Oltina is a commune in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. The commune includes four villages: * Oltina (historical name: ''Goltina'', bg, Голтинa), named after the Roman settlement ''Altinum'', whose vestiges were found in the ...

** Ostrov ** Pantelimon **

Pecineaga Pecineaga is a commune in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. To the southeast of the commune lies the city of Mangalia. Administration The commune includes two villages: *Pecineaga ( tr, Pecenek, old names: ''Gherengic'' until 1923, ...

**

Peștera Peștera (, meaning "the cave" in Romanian) is a commune in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. It includes five villages: *Peștera *Ivrinezu Mare *Ivrinezu Mic *Izvoru Mare (historical name: ''Mamut-Cuius'', tr, Mamutkuyusu) *Veteran ...

** Poarta Albă ** Rasova ** Saligny **

Saraiu Saraiu is a commune in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. The commune includes three villages: * Saraiu (historical name: tr, Saray) * Dulgheru ( tr, Dülger) * Stejaru (historical name: ''Carapelit'', tr, Karapelit) The territory o ...

** Săcele ** Seimeni ** Siliștea ** Târguşor ** Topalu **

Topraisar Topraisar is a commune in the Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. The commune includes four villages: *Topraisar (historical name: crh, Topraysar) *Biruința (historical name: crh, Muratan, probably rounded out phonetically from ''Mura ...

** Tortoman **

Tuzla Tuzla (, ) is the third-largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the administrative center of Tuzla Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, it has a population of 110,979 inhabitants. Tuzla is the economic, cultural, ed ...

** Valu lui Traian ** Vulturu

Historical county

Following the 1926 administrative reform, the borders of the historical county are identical to the ones of the current Constanța County, with the exception of the Ostrov and Lipnița communes, which were then administered by the Durostor County, the Baia commune, now part of Tulcea County, and the villages of Tereskondu, Pârâul Caprei, Fundeni, Pădureni, Saldu Alde and Enigea-Haidar, now in Bulgaria.

Geography

The county neighboured the

Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, ...

to the east, the counties of

Tulcea Tulcea (; also known by other alternative names) is a city in Northern Dobruja, Romania. It is the administrative center of Tulcea County, and had a population of 73,707 . One village, Tudor Vladimirescu, is administered by the city. Names T ...

and

Brăila Brăila (, also , ) is a city in Muntenia, eastern Romania, a port on the Danube and the capital of Brăila County. The ''Sud-Est'' Regional Development Agency is located in Brăila. According to the 2011 Romanian census there were 180,302 pe ...

to the north, Ialomița to the west, Durostor to the south-west and Caliacra to the south.

Administration

The county originally consisted of four districts ('' plăși''):Portretul României Interbelice - Județul Constanța
/ref> #Plasa Dunărea #Plasa Mangalia #Plasa Ovidiu #Plasa Traian Subsequently, the territory of the county was reorganized into seven districts: #Plasa Cernavodă, headquartered in

Cernavodă Cernavodă () is a town in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania with a population of 20,514. The town's name is derived from the Bulgarian ''černa voda'' (черна вода in Cyrillic), meaning 'black water'. This name is regarded by ...

#Plasa Dunărea, headquartered in

Hârșova Hârșova (also spelled ''Hîrșova''; ; bg, Хърсово, ''Harsovo'') is a town located on the right bank of the Danube, in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. The village of Vadu Oii is administered by the town. The village is ...

#Plasa Ferdinand, headquartered in

Constanța Constanța (, ; ; rup, Custantsa; bg, Кюстенджа, Kyustendzha, or bg, Констанца, Konstantsa, label=none; el, Κωνστάντζα, Kōnstántza, or el, Κωνστάντια, Kōnstántia, label=none; tr, Köstence), histo ...

#Plasa Mangalia, headquartered in

Mangalia Mangalia (, tr, Mankalya), ancient Callatis ( el, Κάλλατις/Καλλατίς; other historical names: Pangalia, Panglicara, Tomisovara), is a city and a port on the coast of the Black Sea in the south-east of Constanța County, Northern ...

#Plasa Negru-Vodă, headquartered in Negru Vodă #Plasa Traian, headquartered in Ion Corvin #Plasa Medgidia, headquartered in Medgidia On the territory of Constanta County there were seven urban localities: Constanţa (with city status) and the urban communes of

Carmen-Sylva Pauline Elisabeth Ottilie Luise of Wied (29 December 18432 March 1916) was the first queen of Romania as the wife of King Carol I from 15 March 1881 to 27 September 1914. She had been the princess consort of Romania since her marriage to then- ...

,

Techirghiol Techirghiol (, historical name: ''Tekirgöl'') is a town in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. Etymology The name is derived from the Turkish ''Tekirgöl'' which means "the lake of Tekir". According to a legend, a blind and crippled ...

,

Mangalia Mangalia (, tr, Mankalya), ancient Callatis ( el, Κάλλατις/Καλλατίς; other historical names: Pangalia, Panglicara, Tomisovara), is a city and a port on the coast of the Black Sea in the south-east of Constanța County, Northern ...

, Medgidia,

Cernavodă Cernavodă () is a town in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania with a population of 20,514. The town's name is derived from the Bulgarian ''černa voda'' (черна вода in Cyrillic), meaning 'black water'. This name is regarded by ...

and

Hârșova Hârșova (also spelled ''Hîrșova''; ; bg, Хърсово, ''Harsovo'') is a town located on the right bank of the Danube, in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. The village of Vadu Oii is administered by the town. The village is ...

.

After 1938

After the 1938 Administrative and Constitutional Reform, this county merged with the counties of Ialomița, Durostor and Caliacra to form Ținutul Mării. It was re-established in 1940 after the fall of Carol II's regime. Ten years later, it was abolished by the Communist regime.

Population

According to the census data of 1930, the county's population was 253,093 inhabitants, of which 66.2% were Romanians, 8.9% Bulgarians, 6.8% Turks, 6.0% Tatars, 3.8% Germans, 1.8% Greeks, 1.5% Russians, 1.3% Armenians, as well as other minorities.Recensământul general al populației României din 29 decemvrie 1930, Vol. II, pag. 142-143 In religion, the population consisted of 78.9% Eastern Orthodox, 13.1% Islam, 2.5% Lutheran, 1.8% Roman Catholics, as well as other minorities.Recensământul general al populației României din 29 decemvrie 1930, Vol. II, pag. 592-595

Urban population

In 1930, the urban population of the county was 81,631 inhabitants, 68.7% Romanians, 7.3% Turks, 5.2% Greeks, 3.9% Armenians, 2.5% Germans, 2.2% Jews, 2.0% Tatars, 2.0% Bulgarians, 1.7% Russians, 1.7% Hungarians, as well as other minorities. Among the urban population, mother tongues were reported to be Romanian (72.0%), Turkish (9.7%), Greek (4.5%), Armenian (3.6%), German (2.4%), as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, the urban population was composed mostly of Eastern Orthodox (78.4%), followed by Muslim (9.6%), Armenian Apostolic (3.3%), Roman Catholic (2.7%), Jewish (2.3%), Lutheran (1.6%), as well as other minorities.

References

External links

* memoria.ro
Interwar Constanța County
{{DEFAULTSORT:Constanta County Counties of Romania 1879 establishments in Romania 1938 disestablishments in Romania 1940 establishments in Romania 1950 disestablishments in Romania 1968 establishments in Romania States and territories established in 1879 States and territories disestablished in 1938 States and territories established in 1940 States and territories disestablished in 1950 States and territories established in 1968