Unified Hangul Code (UHC),
or Extended Wansung,
also known under
Microsoft Windows
Windows is a group of several proprietary graphical operating system families developed and marketed by Microsoft. Each family caters to a certain sector of the computing industry. For example, Windows NT for consumers, Windows Server for serv ...
as Code Page 949 (Windows-949, MS949 or ambiguously CP949), is the Microsoft Windows
code page
In computing, a code page is a character encoding and as such it is a specific association of a set of printable characters and control characters with unique numbers. Typically each number represents the binary value in a single byte. (In some co ...
for the
Korean language. It is an extension of Wansung Code (
KS C 5601:1987, encoded as
EUC-KR) to include all 11172 non-partial
Hangul syllables present in
Johab (KS C 5601:1992 annex 3).
This corresponds to the
pre-composed syllables available in
Unicode 2.0 and later.
Wansung Code has the drawback that it only assigns codes for the 2350 precomposed Hangul syllables which have their own
KS X 1001 (KS C 5601) codepoints (out of 11172 in total, not counting those using obsolete jamo), and requires others to use eight-byte composition sequences, which are not supported by some partial implementations of the standard. UHC resolves this by assigning single codes for all possible syllables constructed using modern jamo, by making assignments outside of the encoding space used for KS X 1001.
The lead byte range is extended to
0x81–FE, and the trail byte range is extended to 0x41–5A, 0x61–7A and 0x81–FE (in EUC-KR, both ranges are 0xA1–FE). The codes outside the EUC-KR ranges are used for the additional hangul. If considered separately, both the EUC-KR Hangul block and the UHC extended Hangul section are in Unicode order.
Terminology
Unified Hangul Code is not registered with
IANA
The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is a standards organization that oversees global IP address allocation, autonomous system number allocation, root zone management in the Domain Name System (DNS), media types, and other Interne ...
as a standard to communicate information over the Internet. Alternatives include
UTF-8. However, the
W3C
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is the main international standards organization for the World Wide Web. Founded in 1994 and led by Tim Berners-Lee, the consortium is made up of member organizations that maintain full-time staff working to ...
/
WHATWG Encoding Standard used by
HTML5 incorporates the Unified Hangul Code extensions into its definition of "EUC-KR".
Microsoft assigns Windows-949 the label "ks_c_5601-1987",
which properly applies to
KS X 1001 itself (
KS C 5601 being the original name of KS X 1001). The WHATWG treat the label "ks_c_5601-1987" interchangeably with "EUC-KR" with the intent of being "compatible with deployed content".
The
Unicode Consortium's "OBSOLETE/EASTASIA" collection of withdrawn mappings included mappings for Unified Hangul Code as "KSC5601.TXT", with the automatically derived mappings for 7-bit KS X 1001 being included as "KSX1001.TXT".
IBM's code page 949 is another, otherwise unrelated, extension of EUC-KR.
International Components for Unicode (ICU) uses "cp949", "949" or "ibm-949" to refer to that IBM code page,
and "ms949" or "windows-949" (or several variants of "ks_c_5601-1987") to refer to the Windows mapping of UHC.
Python, by contrast, recognises "cp949", "949", "ms949" and "uhc" as labels for UHC, and does not include an IBM-949 codec. Out of the labels incorporating the code page number, the WHATWG recognise only "windows-949".
IBM's code page for Unified Hangul Code is called Code page 1363 (IBM-1363), or "Korean MS-Win". It is a combination of
SBCS Code page 1126 and
DBCS Code page 1362. It differs in having a single byte mapping of 0x5C to the
Won sign (U+20A9);
Windows maps 0x5C to U+005C (the Unicode code point for the
backslash) as in ASCII,
although fonts often still render it as a Won sign.
Unicode mapping of the wave dash (0xA1AD) also differs, with the IBM mapping favouring U+301C, while the Microsoft mapping favours U+223C (Tilde Operator). The IBM mapping for UHC is available as "ibm-1363" in ICU,
whereas the ICU "windows-949" codec is referred to as IBM-1261 in some ICU source code comments.
[See, for reference]
ucnv_lmb.cpp
(Brendan Murray, Jim Snyder-Grant), where the lead byte 0x11 is commented as referring to "Korean: ibm-1261" after the definition of ULMBCS_GRP_KO
, but it is mapped to the "windows-949"
ICU codec in the OptGroupByteToCPName
array later in the file.
Single byte codes
Following is the single-byte portion of the code page as defined by IBM. Similarly to
Code page 437
Code page 437 (CCSID 437) is the character set of the original IBM PC (personal computer). It is also known as CP437, OEM-US, OEM 437, PC-8, or DOS Latin US. The set includes all printable ASCII characters as well as some accented letters (diacri ...
, the
control code bytes may be used as control codes or graphical codes depending on context—the graphical codes are shown below. Microsoft uses ASCII mappings for all ASCII bytes, although the backslash may still be rendered as a
won sign.
Footnotes
References
External links
Microsoft's Reference for Windows-949Mapping of Windows-949 to Unicode*International Components for Unicode (ICU) mapping files
ibm-1363_P110-1997.ucmibm-1363_P11B-1998.ucm an
windows-949-2000.ucmICU demonstration for Windows-949 (with ASCII mappings)ICU demonstration for IBM-1363 (with 0x5C as Won sign)
{{Hangul Jamo
949
Year 949 ( CMXLIX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Byzantine Empire
* Arab-Byzantine War: Hamdanid forces under Sayf al-Dawla raid into the theme of Ly ...
Encodings of Asian languages
Korean-language computing
Hangul