Slavic Party ( uk, Слов'янська партія, ''Slovianska Partiya'') is a political party of Ukraine, previously known as Civil Congress of Ukraine (Civil Union).
Historical background
Creation of Civil Congress (assembly)
On March 21, 1992 in
Kharkiv
Kharkiv ( uk, wikt:Харків, Ха́рків, ), also known as Kharkov (russian: Харькoв, ), is the second-largest List of cities in Ukraine, city and List of hromadas of Ukraine, municipality in Ukraine.political power
In social science and politics, power is the social production of an effect that determines the capacities, actions, beliefs, or conduct of actors. Power does not exclusively refer to the threat or use of force (coercion) by one actor against ...
. For that reason on May 16 in
Donetsk
Donetsk ( , ; uk, Донецьк, translit=Donets'k ; russian: Донецк ), formerly known as Aleksandrovka, Yuzivka (or Hughesovka), Stalin and Stalino (see also: Names of European cities in different languages (C–D), cities' alternat ...
under leadership of
Mykola Azarov
Mykola Yanovych Azarov ( uk, Мико́ла Я́нович Аза́ров, ; née, né Pakhlo; Cyrillic: Пахло; born 17 December 1947) is a Ukraine, Ukrainian politician who was the Prime Minister of Ukraine from 11 March 2010 to 27 January ...
was conducted a congress that adopted the name of future organization - Civil Congress of Ukraine (russian: Гражданский конгресс Украины, ''Grazhdanskiy Kongress Ukrainy''; GKU), an assembly of Russophone population of Ukraine. The congress elected provisional co-chairmen GKU Oleksandr Bazyliuk (leader of "Movement for revival of Donbas"), Valeriy Meshcheriakov ( MP), and Mykola Ragozin (leader of "Democratic Donbas"). Members of the provisional working presidium became Anatoliy Volchenko (Kharkiv division of the "Movement of democratic reforms"), Pavlo Khaimovych (Public organization "Elections 89"), Dmytro Kornilov (
Interfront of the Donbass
The International Movement of Donbass (russian: Интернациональное движение Донбасса, Internatsional'noye dvizheniye Donbassa, IDD; uk, Інтернаціональний рух Донбасу, Internatsionalʹn ...
), Oleksandr Luzan ("Civil forum of Ukraine"), and Vladislav Karabulin (
Don Cossacks
Don Cossacks (russian: Донские казаки, Donskie kazaki) or Donians (russian: донцы, dontsy) are Cossacks who settled along the middle and lower Don. Historically, they lived within the former Don Cossack Host (russian: До ...
).
On October 3, 1992 in
Donetsk
Donetsk ( , ; uk, Донецьк, translit=Donets'k ; russian: Донецк ), formerly known as Aleksandrovka, Yuzivka (or Hughesovka), Stalin and Stalino (see also: Names of European cities in different languages (C–D), cities' alternat ...
under the leadership of Pavlo Khaimovych took place the second congress where was officially created the Civil Congress of Ukraine. Co-chairmen of the GKU became Oleksandr Bazyliuk (Movement for revival of Donbas), and parliamentarians Valeriy Meshcheriakov and Volodymyr Terekhov. It also was decided that based on the congress to create two political parties: economically oriented Party of Labor and its political ally - Civil Union (headed by Oleksandr Bazyliuk). During the congress a more radical group ceded away and created the Party of Slavic Unity of Ukraine (
Russian National Unity
Russian National Unity (RNU; transcribed Russkoe natsionalnoe edinstvo RNE) or All-Russian civic patriotic movement "Russian National Unity" (russian: Всероссийское общественное патриотическое движен ...
,
Slavic Union
National Socialist Movement "Slavic Union" (russian: Национал-социалистическое движение "Славянский союз", Natsional-sotsialisticheskoye dvizheniye "Slavyanskiy soyuz") was a Russian neo-Nazi organiza ...
,
National Alliance of Russian Solidarists
The National Alliance of Russian Solidarists (NTS; russian: Народно-трудовой союз российских солидаристов; НТС; ''Narodno-trudovoy soyuz rossiyskikh solidaristov'', ''NTS'') is a Russian anticommunist o ...
, others). At the constituent congress of GKU were represented following organizations:
* Civil forum (served as foundation for GKU)
* Motherland forum
*
Slavic Union
National Socialist Movement "Slavic Union" (russian: Национал-социалистическое движение "Славянский союз", Natsional-sotsialisticheskoye dvizheniye "Slavyanskiy soyuz") was a Russian neo-Nazi organiza ...
* Patriotic Club "Rodina" (Motherland)
*
National Alliance of Russian Solidarists
The National Alliance of Russian Solidarists (NTS; russian: Народно-трудовой союз российских солидаристов; НТС; ''Narodno-trudovoy soyuz rossiyskikh solidaristov'', ''NTS'') is a Russian anticommunist o ...
* remnants and numerous org-committees, associations and communities of Russophone population
Creation of Civil Congress (party)
With time Party of Labor distanced itself from the Civil Union and the last was left in GKU de facto by itself. On June 10, 1993 the Civil Union was officially registered as a political party under the name of Civil Congress of Ukraine. Main program of GKU was emphasized in four main points:
* Bilateral relations with the
Russian Federation
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...
and other states about
dual citizenship
Multiple/dual citizenship (or multiple/dual nationality) is a legal status in which a person is concurrently regarded as a national or citizen of more than one country under the laws of those countries. Conceptually, citizenship is focused on ...
* Preservation of broadcasting television programs from Ostnkino and
RTR RTR may refer to:
Media
* Radiotelevisiun Svizra Rumantscha (previously Radio e Televisiun Rumantscha), a Swiss broadcasting company
* ''Reformed Theological Review'', an Australian Protestant theological journal
* Return to Ravnica, a ''Magic the ...
* Granting the
Russian language
Russian (russian: русский язык, russkij jazyk, link=no, ) is an East Slavic languages, East Slavic language mainly spoken in Russia. It is the First language, native language of the Russians, and belongs to the Indo-European langua ...
a status of the second state language
* Reinforcement of the
Commonwealth of Independent States
The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) is a regional intergovernmental organization in Eurasia. It was formed following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. It covers an area of and has an estimated population of 239,796,010. ...
On September 18, 1993 in
Kyiv
Kyiv, also spelled Kiev, is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine. It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper, Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2021, its population was 2,962,180, making Kyiv the List of European cities by populat ...
took place the third congress of GKU led by Oleksandr Bazyliuk.
On December 18–19, 1993 in
Kharkiv
Kharkiv ( uk, wikt:Харків, Ха́рків, ), also known as Kharkov (russian: Харькoв, ), is the second-largest List of cities in Ukraine, city and List of hromadas of Ukraine, municipality in Ukraine.parliamentarians for the
1994 Ukrainian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Ukraine on 27 March 1994, with a second round between 2 and 10 April. Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1976 15 political parties gained seats and the majority of deputi ...
. At the congress the ideology of the party was identified as left-centrist. During the elections only two candidates were successful: Volodymyr Alekseyev (Electoral district 369, Industrial) and Yuriy Boldyriov (Electoral district 112, Kirovsk-Shakhtarsk). Both of them, however, oscillated from GKU after being elected.
At the 1994 Presidential elections GKU supported both
Leonid Kuchma
Leonid Danylovych Kuchma ( uk, Леоні́д Дани́лович Ку́чма; born 9 August 1938) is a Ukrainian politician who was the second president of Ukraine from 19 July 1994 to 23 January 2005. Kuchma's presidency saw numerous corrup ...
and
Oleksandr Moroz
Oleksandr Oleksandrovych Morozrussian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Моро́з, translit=Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Moroz (born 29 February 1944) is a Ukrainian politician. He was the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada twice, ...
and at the second round -
Leonid Kuchma
Leonid Danylovych Kuchma ( uk, Леоні́д Дани́лович Ку́чма; born 9 August 1938) is a Ukrainian politician who was the second president of Ukraine from 19 July 1994 to 23 January 2005. Kuchma's presidency saw numerous corrup ...
.
On November 5–6, 1994 in
Donetsk
Donetsk ( , ; uk, Донецьк, translit=Donets'k ; russian: Донецк ), formerly known as Aleksandrovka, Yuzivka (or Hughesovka), Stalin and Stalino (see also: Names of European cities in different languages (C–D), cities' alternat ...
took place the fifth congress of GKU at which Bazyliuk was reelected as the party's leader. On April 22, 1995, after the reaction in Crimea and exile of
Yuriy Meshkov
Yuri Aleksandrovich Meshkov ( uk, Юрій Олександрович Мєшков, ''Yuriy Oleksandrovych Meshkov'', russian: Юрий Александрович Мешков; October 25, 1945 – September 29, 2019) was a Ukrainian politician ...
to
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
, in
Simferopol
Simferopol () is the second-largest city in the Crimea, Crimean Peninsula. The city, along with the rest of Crimea, is internationally recognised as part of Ukraine, and is considered the capital of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. However, ...
took place the seventh congress of the
Republican Party of Crimea
Republican Party of Crimea ( uk, Республіканська партія Криму, ''Respublikanska partiya Krymu''; russian: Республиканская партия Крыма, ''Respublikanskaya partiya Kryma'') was a regional separatis ...
, which adapted decision about self-liquidation and proposed its members to join the Civil Congress of Ukraine.
On March 16, 1996 GKU actively supported the creation of the Congress of Russian Organizations of Ukraine in
Kyiv
Kyiv, also spelled Kiev, is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine. It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper, Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2021, its population was 2,962,180, making Kyiv the List of European cities by populat ...
which was headed by Oleksandr Bazyliuk. The next day in Kyiv took place the sixth congress of GKU. On May 24, 1997 at the seventh congress of GKU Bazyliuk was reelected as the leader of GKU.
For the
1998 Ukrainian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Ukraine on 29 March 1998. Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1976 The Communist Party of Ukraine remained the largest party in the Verkhovna Rada, winning 121 of the 445 ...
s the party along with the Ukrainian Party of Justice joined the Electoral bloc "Laborious Ukraine" (not to be confused with
Serhiy Tihipko
Serhiy Leonidovych Tihipko ( uk, Сергій Леонідович Тiгiпко; born 13 February 1960) is a Ukrainian politician and finance specialist who was Vice Prime Minister of Ukraine. Tihipko was Minister of Economics in 2000 and subse ...
's parties
Labour Ukraine
Labour Ukraine ( uk, Трудова Україна ''Trudova Ukrajina'') Database DATA is a
or
Labour Party Ukraine
Strong Ukraine ( uk, Сильна Україна ''Syl'na Ukrajina''); formerly the Labour Party Ukraine Database DATA ( ...
). The party list was headed by the General
Ivan Herasymov
General of the Army Ivan Aleksandrovych Gerasymov (Ukrainian: Іва́н Олекса́ндрович Гера́симов, Russian: Иван Александрович Герасимов; August 8, 1921 – June 4, 2008) was a Soviet gener ...
. The elections were not successful for the "Laborious Ukraine" as it did not manage to obtain any seats in
Verkhovna Rada
The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine ( uk, Верхо́вна Ра́да Украї́ни, translit=, Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy, translation=Supreme Council of Ukraine, Ukrainian abbreviation ''ВРУ''), often simply Verkhovna Rada or just Rada, is the ...
.
Slavic Party
On April 26, 1998 in
Donetsk
Donetsk ( , ; uk, Донецьк, translit=Donets'k ; russian: Донецк ), formerly known as Aleksandrovka, Yuzivka (or Hughesovka), Stalin and Stalino (see also: Names of European cities in different languages (C–D), cities' alternat ...
took place the eighth congress where GKU was officially renamed as the Slavic Party.
On May 15, 1999 in
Donetsk
Donetsk ( , ; uk, Донецьк, translit=Donets'k ; russian: Донецк ), formerly known as Aleksandrovka, Yuzivka (or Hughesovka), Stalin and Stalino (see also: Names of European cities in different languages (C–D), cities' alternat ...
took place the ninth congress of Slavic Party, which nominated Oleksandr Bazyliuk as a candidate to
President of Ukraine
The president of Ukraine ( uk, Президент України, Prezydent Ukrainy) is the head of state of Ukraine. The president represents the nation in international relations, administers the foreign political activity of the state, condu ...
Left Opposition
The Left Opposition was a faction within the Russian Communist Party (b) from 1923 to 1927 headed ''de facto'' by Leon Trotsky. The Left Opposition formed as part of the power struggle within the party leadership that began with the Soviet fou ...
Verkhovna Rada
The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine ( uk, Верхо́вна Ра́да Украї́ни, translit=, Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy, translation=Supreme Council of Ukraine, Ukrainian abbreviation ''ВРУ''), often simply Verkhovna Rada or just Rada, is the ...
Verkhovna Rada
The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine ( uk, Верхо́вна Ра́да Украї́ни, translit=, Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy, translation=Supreme Council of Ukraine, Ukrainian abbreviation ''ВРУ''), often simply Verkhovna Rada or just Rada, is the ...