Criminal gangs are found throughout Mainland China but are most active in

Chongqing Chongqing ( or ; ; Sichuanese dialects, Sichuanese pronunciation: , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ), Postal Romanization, alternately romanized as Chungking (), is a Direct-administered municipalities of China, municipality in Southwes ...

, Shanghai, Macau, Tianjin,

Shenyang Shenyang (, ; ; Mandarin pronunciation: ), formerly known as Fengtian () or by its Manchu language, Manchu name Mukden, is a major China, Chinese sub-provincial city and the List of capitals in China#Province capitals, provincial capital of Lia ...

, and Guangzhou as well as in Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore and Taiwan. The number of people involved in organized crime on the mainland has risen from around 100,000 in 1986 to around 1.5 million in the year 2000. Since the new century, there are two academic books focusing on Chinese organized crime. Based on rich empirical work, these books offer how Chinese criminal organizations survive in the changing socio-economic and political environment. Y. K. Chu's ''Triads as Business'' looks at the role of Hong Kong Triads in legal, illegal and international markets. Peng Wang's ''The Chinese Mafia'' examines the rise of mainland Chinese organized crime and the political-criminal nexus (collusion between gangs and corrupt police officers) in reform and opening era of China.

Triad societies

The following is a list of Chinese triad societies: * 14K Group 十四K ** 14K Baai Lo 十四K 湃廬 ** 14K Chung 十四K 忠字堆 ** 14K Chung Yee Tong 十四K 忠義堂 **

14K Hau 14K may refer to: * 14K Triad, a Chinese criminal organization * Gnome-Rhône 14K, an aircraft engine of the 1920s and 1930s * 14K, another term for a Fourteener mountain peak (above 14,000 feet) of the Rocky Mountains in western North America. * ...

十四K 孝字堆 ** 14K Kim 十四K 劍字堆 ** 14K Lai 十四K 禮字堆 ** 14K Lun 十四K 倫字堆 **

14K Ngai 14K may refer to: * 14K Triad, a Chinese criminal organization * Gnome-Rhône 14K, an aircraft engine of the 1920s and 1930s * 14K, another term for a Fourteener mountain peak (above 14,000 feet) of the Rocky Mountains in western North America. * ...

十四K 毅字堆 **

14K Sai Shing Tong 14K may refer to: * 14K Triad, a Chinese criminal organization * Gnome-Rhône 14K, an aircraft engine of the 1920s and 1930s * 14K, another term for a Fourteener mountain peak (above 14,000 feet) of the Rocky Mountains in western North America. * ...

十四K 西勝堂 **

14K Sai Yee Tong 14K may refer to: * 14K Triad, a Chinese criminal organization * Gnome-Rhône 14K, an aircraft engine of the 1920s and 1930s * 14K, another term for a Fourteener mountain peak (above 14,000 feet) of the Rocky Mountains in western North America. * ...

十四K 西義堂 **

14K Sat 14K may refer to: * 14K Triad, a Chinese criminal organization * Gnome-Rhône 14K, an aircraft engine of the 1920s and 1930s * 14K, another term for a Fourteener mountain peak (above 14,000 feet) of the Rocky Mountains in western North America. * ...

十四K 實字堆 **

14K Shun 14K may refer to: * 14K Triad, a Chinese criminal organization * Gnome-Rhône 14K, an aircraft engine of the 1920s and 1930s * 14K, another term for a Fourteener mountain peak (above 14,000 feet) of the Rocky Mountains in western North America. * ...

十四K 信字堆 **

14K Tai Huen Chai 14K may refer to: * 14K Triad, a Chinese criminal organization * Gnome-Rhône 14K, an aircraft engine of the 1920s and 1930s * 14K, another term for a Fourteener mountain peak (above 14,000 feet) of the Rocky Mountains in western North America. * ...

十四K 大圈仔 **

14K Tak 14K may refer to: * 14K Triad, a Chinese criminal organization * Gnome-Rhône 14K, an aircraft engine of the 1920s and 1930s * 14K, another term for a Fourteener mountain peak (above 14,000 feet) of the Rocky Mountains in western North America. * ...

十四K 德字堆 **

14K Yan 14K may refer to: * 14K Triad, a Chinese criminal organization * Gnome-Rhône 14K, an aircraft engine of the 1920s and 1930s * 14K, another term for a Fourteener mountain peak (above 14,000 feet) of the Rocky Mountains in western North America. * ...

十四K 仁字堆 **

14K Yee 14K may refer to: * 14K Triad, a Chinese criminal organization * Gnome-Rhône 14K, an aircraft engine of the 1920s and 1930s * 14K, another term for a Fourteener mountain peak (above 14,000 feet) of the Rocky Mountains in western North America. * ...

十四K 義字堆 **

14K Yee Shing Tong 14K may refer to: * 14K Triad, a Chinese criminal organization * Gnome-Rhône 14K, an aircraft engine of the 1920s and 1930s * 14K, another term for a Fourteener mountain peak (above 14,000 feet) of the Rocky Mountains in western North America. * ...

十四K 義勝堂 ** 14K Yung 十四K 勇字堆 * Long Zi Group 龙子字頭 ** Long Zi Tong 龙子堂 ** Long Zi Kongsi 龙子會館 **

Long Zi Association Long may refer to: Measurement * Long, characteristic of something of great duration * Long, characteristic of something of great length * Longitude (abbreviation: long.), a geographic coordinate * Longa (music), note value in early music mensu ...

龙子协会 ** LZK *

Luen Group Luen group is one of several organized crime groups of Hong Kong, known as triads. The membership of the group exceeds 8,000 and is made up of several subgroups. These include Luen Lok Tong, Luen Tei Ying, Luen To Ying, Luen Ying She, and Luen Kun ...

聯字頭 ** Luen Kung Lok 聯公樂 ** Luen Lok Tong 聯樂堂(單耳) ** Luen Shun Tong 聯順堂 ** Luen Ying She 聯英社(老聯) ** Luen Fei Ying 聯飛英 ** Luen Hung Ying 聯鴻英 ** Luen To Ying 聯桃英 *

Wo Group Wo Shing Wo or WSW () is the oldest of the Wo Group triad societies, and is the triad with the longest history in Hong Kong. According to the Hong Kong police, the triad is involved in extortion, drug trafficking, gambling and prostitution.

和字頭 **

Wo Shing Wo Wo Shing Wo or WSW () is the oldest of the Wo Group triad societies, and is the triad with the longest history in Hong Kong. According to the Hong Kong police, the triad is involved in extortion, drug trafficking, gambling and prostitution.

和勝和 ** Wo Shing Yee 和勝義 ** Wo On Lok (Shui Fong) 和安樂(水房) **

Wo Hop To Wo Hop To, or WHT (和合圖), is a triad group based in Wan Chai, Hong Kong. The name translates to "Harmoniously United Association", or "Harmonious Union Plan", and is thought to have been founded in 1908 in Sai Ying Pun as a secret politica ...

和合圖(老和) ** Wo Lee Kwan 和利群 ** Wo Kao Chi 和九指 ** Wo Kwan Lok 和群樂 ** Wo Lee Wo 和利和 ** Wo Shing Tong 和勝堂 ** Wo Yau Wo 和友和 ** Wo Yee Tong 和義堂 ** Wo Yung Yee 和勇義 ** Wo Hung Shing 和洪勝 ** Wo Kwan Ying 和群英 ** Wo Luen Shing 和聯勝 ** Wo Yat Ping 和一平 ** Wo Yee Ping 和二平 * Ah Kong Company 阿公党 * Ang Bin Hoay 昂斌會 * Ang Soon Tong 洪顺堂 * Big Circle Gang 大圈幫 *

Black Dragons ''Black Dragons'' is a 1942 American film directed by William Nigh and starring Bela Lugosi, Joan Barclay, and George Pembroke. The cast includes Clayton Moore, who plays a handsome detective. The Black Dragon Society also appears in '' Let's G ...

黑龍 * Cai Group * Chongqing group 重慶組 * Chuen Group 全字頭 ** Chuen Chi Wo 全志和 ** Chuen Yat Chi 全一志(老全) *

Ghee Hin Kongsi The Ghee Hin Kongsi () was a secret society in Singapore and Malaya, formed in 1820. Ghee Hin literally means "the rise of righteousness" in Chinese and was part of the Hongmen overseas network. The Ghee Hin often fought against the Hakka-dominat ...

義興公司 * Green Gang 青帮 * CP=√169 Gang *

Hai San The Hai San Society (), which had its origins in Southern China,Encyclopædia Britannica was a Penang-based Chinese secret society established around 1820 and in 1825 led by Low, Ah ChongTriad Societies: Western Accounts of the History, Sociology ...

海山 *

Ping On The Ping On ( zh, t=平安, j=ping4 on1) was a Boston-based criminal organization. The organization rose to power in the 1970s and continued to operate throughout the 1980s, 1990s and early 2000s. The Ping On was founded by Stephen "Sky Dragon" T ...

平安 * Rung Group 梯級組 * Shing Group 盛集團 * Sin Ma 仙馬 * Sio Sam Ong 小三王 * Tung Group 東字頭 ** Tung Kung She 東公社 **

Tung Kwan She Tung may refer to: People * Madison Tung, a U.S. Air Force Officer, wrestler, and Rhodes Scholar * Ho-Pin Tung, a dutch race car driver of Chinese descent. * Lola Tung, an actress known for her acting debut on drama series The Summer I Turned Pr ...

東群社 ** Tung Luen She 東聯社(老東) ** Tung On Tong 東安堂 ** Tung Ying She 東英社 ** Tung On Wo 東安和 ** Tung Kwan Ying 東群英 * Tong Group 同字頭 ** Tong Kwan Ying 同群英 ** Tong Lok 同樂 ** Tong San Wo 同新和(老同) *

Jackson Street Boys The Jackson Boyz, JBZ or Jackson Street Boys, JSB are or were a San Francisco, California based Asian American street gang and criminal organization The gang, composed of Cantonese and Vietnamese members, has been centered in San Francisco's China ...

積臣街小子 * Kung Lok 功乐 *

Kwong Group Kuang () is a Chinese surname originated from central China. Although Kuang is not amongst the 100 most common Chinese surnames, it is common amongst the Chinese diaspora in Hong Kong, Macau, Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam, Philippines, United St ...

廣字頭 ** Kwong Hung 廣雄 ** Kwong Luen Shing 廣聯盛(老廣) ** Kwong Shing 廣盛 ** Kwong Sing Tong 廣聲堂 *

Yuet Group Yue or Yueh ( ) may refer to: Places * Guangdong, abbreviated (), a province of China * Yue Nan (), the Chinese name for Vietnam * Zhejiang, commonly abbreviated (), a province of China Languages * Yue Chinese, a branch of Chinese, spoken ...

粵字頭 **

Yuet Kwong Yue or Yueh ( ) may refer to: Places * Guangdong, abbreviated (), a province of China * Yue Nan (), the Chinese name for Vietnam * Zhejiang, commonly abbreviated (), a province of China Languages * Yue Chinese, a branch of Chinese, spoken ...

粵廣 ** Yuet Tung 粵東 * Ching Group 正字頭 ** Ching Lung Tuen 正龍團 * Chiu Chow Group 潮州幫 **

Fuk Yee Hing Fuk may refer to: * a Chinese character meaning "fortune" (福), also transliterated Fook, Fuku, or Fu *FUK, IATA code of Fukuoka Airport in Japan *a Chinese given name: ** Fuk Li (), physicist at NASA *a misspelling, Internet spelling, or phonet ...

福義興(老福) ** Sun Yee On 新義安(老新) *** Chiu Kwong She 潮光社 *** Chiu Luen Yee 潮聯義 *** Chung Chau Yuet 中秋月 *** Chung Sun Tong 忠信堂 *** Hoi Luk Fung 海陸豐互助社 *** King Yee 敬義 ***

Sam Shing She Sam, SAM or variants may refer to: Places * Sam, Benin * Sam, Boulkiemdé, Burkina Faso * Sam, Bourzanga, Burkina Faso * Sam, Kongoussi, Burkina Faso * Sam, Iran * Sam, Teton County, Idaho, United States, a populated place People and fictional c ...

三聖社 *** Tai Ho Choi 大好彩 *** Yat Lo Fat 一路发幫 *** Yee Kwan 義群 *** Yee Shing Tong 義勝堂 * Wah Ching 華青 *

Wah Kee Wah Kee (华记) is a secret society based in Malaysia and Singapore since the nineteenth century. According to the History of Wah Kee, Wah Kee (华记) was created in Singapore by Su Guanghua (苏广华). His associate Zhao Guangheng (赵� ...

華記 * Taiwan Gangs 台灣幫派 ** Four Seas Gang 四海幫 **

Bamboo Union The United Bamboo Gang (UBG; ; Bamboo Union triad) is the largest of Taiwan's three main criminal Triads. They are reported to have roughly 10,000 members. The membership consists largely of ''waishengren'' (Mainland Chinese) and has had histo ...

竹聯幫 **

Tien Tao Meng Tien may refer to: *Tian, also known as Tien or T'ien, the Chinese religious idea of God or heaven *Tian (surname), also romanized as Tien *Tien (TV channel), a Dutch television channel *Tiền, currency used in Vietnam during the 19th and 20th cen ...

(Heavenly Way Alliance) 天道盟 ** Sung Lien Gang (Pine Union) 松聯幫 ** Niu Pu Gang 牛埔幫 ** Chi Hsien Gang (Seven Yin Gang) 七賢幫 ** Ta hu Gang (Big Lake Gang) 大湖幫 ** Hsi Pei Gang (Northwest Gang) 西北幫 ** Pei Lien Gang (North Union) 北聯幫 ** Sun Kuang Gang (Three Lights) 三光幫 ** San Huan Gang (Three Circle) 三環幫 ** Fei Ying Gang (Fly Eagle) 飛鷹幫 ** Monga Group 艋舺角頭

Criminally influenced tongs

* Ivan Tong * Bing Kong Tong * Chang Sing * Four Brothers * Ghee Kong Tong 致公堂 * Hop Sing Tong * Hip Sing Tong * Hung Mun Tong *

Kim Ghee Tong Kim or KIM may refer to: Names * Kim (given name) * Kim (surname) ** Kim (Korean surname) *** Kim family (disambiguation), several dynasties **** Kim family (North Korea), the rulers of North Korea since Kim Il-sung in 1948 ** Kim, Vietnamese ...

* Long Zii Tong * Pa Hai Tong * Tong Meng Gok * Tong Tran * Tsung Tsin Association * Tung Oon Association * Wing Kong * W Zhang Tong

Gangs

* 21 Boys 廿一仔 * Asian Militants 亞洲進擊 *

Black Bugs "Black Bugs" is a song by Australian rock band Regurgitator. It was released in January 1998 as the second single from the band's second studio album, ''Unit'' (1997). The single peaked at number 32 in Australia and was ranked at the same posi ...

黑蟲 *

Black Eagles Black Eagles ( es, Águilas Negras) is a term describing a series of Colombian drug trafficking, right-wing, counter-revolutionary, paramilitary organizations made up of new and preexisting paramilitary forces, who emerged from the failures ...

黑鷹 * Chung Ching Yee (Joe Boys) 忠精義 * Chung Yee 忠義 *

Continentals Early American currency went through several stages of development during the colonial and post-Revolutionary history of the United States. John Hull was authorized by the Massachusetts legislature to make the earliest coinage of the colony (the ...

大陸幣 * Dai Ben (Cookies) 大餅 * Eagle Dragons 龍鷹 *

Flying Circle Boys Flying may refer to: * Flight, the process of flying * Aviation, the creation and operation of aircraft Music Albums * ''Flying'' (Grammatrain album), 1997 * ''Flying'' (Jonathan Fagerlund album), 2008 * ''Flying'' (UFO album), 1971 * ''Fl ...

飛圈仔 * Flying Dragons 飛龍幫 * Fong-Fong Boys 豐芳男 *

Fuk Ching Fuk may refer to: * a Chinese character meaning "fortune" (福), also transliterated Fook, Fuku, or Fu *FUK, IATA code of Fukuoka Airport in Japan *a Chinese given name: **Fuk Li (), physicist at NASA *a misspelling, Internet spelling, or phonet ...

福青 *

Ghost Shadows The Ghost Shadows or GSS () was a Chinese American street gang that was prominent in New York City's Chinatown from the early 1970s to the mid 1990s. Formed in 1971 by immigrants from Taiwan and Hong Kong, the gang is affiliated with the On Leo ...

鬼影幫 * Golden Star 金星 * Green Dragons 青龍 * NICKAR CHING 香港仔 *

Hop Sing Boys The Hop Sing Tong () is a Chinese American Tong that was established in 1875. Branches The Hop Sing Tong has several branches in the United States including in: * Boise, Idaho - 706 Front Street ''(defunct)'' * Denver, Colorado - 4130 E Colfax A ...

合勝仔 * Hung Pho 紅火 * Immortals 神仙 * Kit Jai 傑仔 * Korrupted Boys 男孩 * Liang Shan (Quen Ying) 梁山 *

Mo Ming Pai Mo or MO may refer to: Arts and entertainment Fictional characters * Mo, a girl in the ''Horrible Histories'' TV series * Mo, also known as Mortimer, in the novel ''Inkheart'' by Cornelia Funke * Mo, in the webcomic '' Jesus and Mo'' * Mo, the ...

無名派 * Phoenician Warriors * Ping Boys 平仔 *

Raiders Raider(s) may refer to: Arts and entertainment * Paul Revere & the Raiders, an American rock band * "Raider", a track from the 1969 album ''Farewell Aldebaran'', by Judy Henske and Jerry Yester * "Raiders", a track from the 1987 album ''Young an ...

攻略 * Red Dragon *

Red Sun ''Red Sun'' (french: Soleil rouge, it, Sole rosso) is a 1971 Franco-Italian international co-production Spaghetti Western film directed by Terence Young and starring Charles Bronson, Toshirō Mifune, Alain Delon, Ursula Andress, and Capucine. I ...

紅陽 * Salakau 369 * Seven Stars 七星 * Sing Wa 興華 * Snakehead (gang) 蛇頭 * Suey Sing Boys 萃勝仔 *

Taiwan Boys Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeas ...

台灣仔 *

Thien Long Boyz Thien may refer to: *Thien Buddhism *Madeleine Thien, Canadian writer See also * Thiên (disambiguation) * Thiene Thiene () is a city and ''comune'' in the province of Vicenza, in northern Italy, located approximately west of Venice and east ...

天龍 * Tung On 東安幫 *

Viet Ching The Vietnamese people ( vi, người Việt, lit=Viet people) or Kinh people ( vi, người Kinh) are a Southeast Asian ethnic group native to modern-day Northern Vietnam and Southern China (Jing Islands, Dongxing, Guangxi). The native lan ...

越青 * White Dragons 白龍 * White Eagles 白鷹 * White Tigers 白虎 * Yau Lai 友利

Notes

External links

Q&A for tourists on triads in Hong Kong

SF Weekly Feature Article Profiling Member of Hop Sing Tong -- Raymond "Shrimp Boy" Chow (2007)

An essay about Triads

* ttp://www.mafianj.com/asian/tongs.shtml Asian Organized Crime Groups - Chinese - Tongs and Street Gangs
SF Weekly Feature Article Profiling Member of Hop Sing Tong -- Raymond "Shrimp Boy" Chow (2007)

Encyclopedia of Chicago
Phoenix TV Special Coverage
{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Chinese Criminal Organizations Chinese criminal

Criminal organizations Organized crime (or organised crime) is a category of transnational, national, or local groupings of highly centralized enterprises run by criminals to engage in illegal activity, most commonly for profit. While organized crime is generally th ...

Chinese Chinese can refer to: * Something related to China * Chinese people, people of Chinese nationality, citizenship, and/or ethnicity **''Zhonghua minzu'', the supra-ethnic concept of the Chinese nation ** List of ethnic groups in China, people of va ...

* Organizations

Triad societies

Criminally influenced tongs

Gangs

See also

Notes

Further reading

External links