Carlo Bergonzi (21 December 1683 – 9 February 1747) was an Italian luthier and is the first and most prominent member of the Bergonzi family, a distinguished group of

luthiers A luthier ( ; AmE also ) is a craftsperson who builds or repairs string instruments that have a neck and a sound box. The word "luthier" is originally French and comes from the French word for lute. The term was originally used for makers of ...

from Cremona,

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...

, a city with a rich tradition of stringed instrument makers. Today his instruments are highly valued for their workmanship and tone. Although he was historically assumed to have first apprenticed with Hieronymus Amati or

Antonio Stradivari Antonio Stradivari (, also , ; – 18 December 1737) was an Italian luthier and a craftsman of string instruments such as violins, cellos, guitars, violas and harps. The Latinized form of his surname, '' Stradivarius'', as well as the collo ...

, he is now known to have been the student of

Vincenzo Rugeri Vincenzo Rugeri (30 September 1663 – 4 May 1719) (also known as Ruger, Rugier, Rugieri, Ruggeri, Ruggieri, Ruggerius), was an Italian luthier of string instruments such as violins, cellos, and, violas in Cremona, Italy. His instruments are note ...

Early life and career

Carlo Bergonzi and his family lived close to the workshop in Cremona of

and would have been the most obvious place for apprenticeship for Carlo given the social and financial connections between the two families. When comparing the work of Bergonzi with Vincenzo Rugeri, their similarity of work is obvious in the treatment of the scrolls and the working technique of scarfing the linings into the corner blocks at an angle instead of square. The early violins of Carlo's career follow similar outlines as Vincenzo Rugeri's violins as could be expected, however the outlines of later instruments became his own. Antonio Stradivari and Guarneri del Gesu also had an influence upon Carlo Bergonzi's work. Carlo Bergonzi eventually moved into the Casa Stradivari in 1746 after the master's death in 1737 and even completed some of the unfinished violins by Antonio Stradivari.

Violins

Bergonzi's violins are prized for their fine workmanship, tone, quality of materials, and exquisite varnish. Bergonzi labels vary, but typically record date, name, and location: In 1740, he created one of his finest violins, the '' Kreisler Bergonzi'', which was subsequently named after violinist

Fritz Kreisler Friedrich "Fritz" Kreisler (February 2, 1875 – January 29, 1962) was an Austrian-born American violinist and composer. One of the most noted violin masters of his day, and regarded as one of the greatest violinists of all time, he was known ...

. It was then owned by Cuban violinist, Angel Reyes. Professor Reyes sold the violin to Itzhak Perlman. Both Kreisler and Perlman performed and recorded with it. It is known that many instruments that bear his label are inauthentic. A cello once owned by Pablo Casals was for many years thought to be a Bergonzi because of the label it bore indicated: "Carlo Bergonzi . . . 1733." It was later found to have actually been made by

Matteo Goffriller Matteo Goffriller (1659–1742) was a Venetian luthier, particularly noted for the quality of his cellos. He was active between 1685–1735 and was the founder of the " Venetian School" of luthiers, during a time when Venice was one of the most imp ...

. In 1881 a sensational court case was held in London over claims that the well-known luthier

Georges Chanot III Georges Chanot III (11 January 1831–11 March 1895) was a French luthier (or violin-maker) who ran a successful business in London in the late 19th century. Born in Paris in France in 1830, the son of Georges Chanot II and the younger brothe ...

had given a fake Bergonzi label to a violin and then sold it as genuine. His deception was discovered by violin-maker William Ebsworth Hill but Chanot qualified his admission of guilt by claiming that this was common practice in the violin-selling business; the court was unconvinced by his explanation and found him guilty.Chanot biography on the Corilon website
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Bergonzi family of luthiers

* Michele Angelo (ca. 1722–1758), eldest Son of Carlo I. * Zosimo (ca. 1725–1777), younger Son of Carlo I. * Carlo II. (1758–1838 Cremona), younger son of Zosimo * Nicola (ca. 1746–1796) eldest son of Zosimo Source:Dmitry Gindin: "The Late Cremonese Violin Makers" Edizioni Novecento, 2002

Notes

References

* * *Dmitry Gindin: "The Late Cremonese Violin Makers" Edizioni Novecento, 2002 * 1683 births 1747 deaths Luthiers from Cremona {{Italy-music-bio-stub