Berthold Viertel (28 June 1885 – 24 September 1953) was an
Austrian
Austrian may refer to:
* Austrians, someone from Austria or of Austrian descent
** Someone who is considered an Austrian citizen, see Austrian nationality law
* Austrian German dialect
* Something associated with the country Austria, for example: ...
screenwriter and film director, known for his work in
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwee ...
, the UK and the US.
Early career
Viertel was born in
Vienna
en, Viennese
, iso_code = AT-9
, registration_plate = W
, postal_code_type = Postal code
, postal_code =
, timezone = CET
, utc_offset = +1
, timezone_DST ...
, the capital of the
Austro-Hungarian Empire
Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ...
, but later went to work in
Berlin
Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitu ...
. Viertel developed a reputation as a poet and theatre director, before moving into film work from 1922. As a screenwriter and director, he collaborated with some of the leading figures of the
silent era
A silent film is a film with no synchronized recorded sound (or more generally, no audible dialogue). Though silent films convey narrative and emotion visually, various plot elements (such as a setting or era) or key lines of dialogue may, when ...
of German cinema and worked on several influential films. ''
Uneasy Money'' (1926) is a work of
New Objectivity film movement.
He was married to screenwriter and actress
Salka Viertel
Salka Viertel (15 June 1889 – 20 October 1978) was an Austrian Jewish actress and Hollywood screenwriter. While under contract with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer from 1933 to 1937, Viertel co-wrote the scripts for many movies, particularly those starrin ...
from 30 April 1918 to 20 December 1947.
Arrival in America
Following the collapse of Viertel's theatre
troupe, he faced severe financial difficulties and accepted an offer from the
Fox Film Corporation. He came to
Los Angeles
Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the largest city in the state of California and the second most populous city in the United States after New York City, as well as one of the world ...
in 1928 planning to stay for just three years. Viertel wanted to gain experience working for the booming
Hollywood
Hollywood usually refers to:
* Hollywood, Los Angeles, a neighborhood in California
* Hollywood, a metonym for the cinema of the United States
Hollywood may also refer to:
Places United States
* Hollywood District (disambiguation)
* Hollywoo ...
film industry and hoped to earn enough to return to Europe. For four years, he worked for Fox then
Paramount Pictures
Paramount Pictures Corporation is an American film and television production company, production and Distribution (marketing), distribution company and the main namesake division of Paramount Global (formerly ViacomCBS). It is the fifth-oldes ...
, and
Warner Brothers
Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc. (commonly known as Warner Bros. or abbreviated as WB) is an American film and entertainment studio headquartered at the Warner Bros. Studios complex in Burbank, California, and a subsidiary of Warner Bros. D ...
. Viertel grew to intensely dislike the atmosphere in Hollywood, which he found paranoid and which he believed placed too many artistic restraints on him. Viertel wanted to produce socially relevant films and did not believe Hollywood had the capacity to do so. This came to a head when he was working on the Paramount film ''
The Cheat'' (1928) and after clashing with studio bosses he was replaced by
George Abbott
George Francis Abbott (June 25, 1887 – January 31, 1995) was an American theatre producer, director, playwright, screenwriter, film director and producer whose career spanned eight decades.
Early years
Abbott was born in Forestville, New Y ...
.
Europe
With the uncertain political situation in Germany in 1932, the Viertels decided to stay in the United States with their children rather than return to an uncertain future in Europe. The Viertels' house in
Santa Monica Canyon The western border of Santa Monica, California, is the 3-mile (4.8 km) stretch of Santa Monica Bay. On its other sides, the city is bordered by various districts of Los Angeles: the northwestern border is Pacific Palisades, the eastern border ...
was the site of
salon
Salon may refer to:
Common meanings
* Beauty salon, a venue for cosmetic treatments
* French term for a drawing room, an architectural space in a home
* Salon (gathering), a meeting for learning or enjoyment
Arts and entertainment
* Salon ( ...
s and meetings of the Hollywood "intelligentsia" and European intellectuals. It was also an important gathering place for the
émigré
An ''émigré'' () is a person who has emigrated, often with a connotation of political or social self-exile. The word is the past participle of the French ''émigrer'', "to emigrate".
French Huguenots
Many French Huguenots fled France followin ...
community.
Personal life
Previously, Berthold Viertel had been married to Grete Viertel, but they divorced in 1918. After his divorce from Salka in 1947, he married for a third time, this time to
Elisabeth Neumann to whom he remained married until his death in 1953.
His marriage to Salka Viertel produced three sons: Hans, Peter and Thomas.
Peter Viertel (1920–2007) was a book and screenplay writer.
Further reading
Christopher Isherwood
Christopher William Bradshaw Isherwood (26 August 1904 – 4 January 1986) was an Anglo-American novelist, playwright, screenwriter, autobiographer, and diarist. His best-known works include ''Goodbye to Berlin'' (1939), a semi-autobiographical ...
's novel ''
Prater Violet'' (1945) is a fictional portrayal of the period Isherwood and Viertel worked together, as screenplay writer and director, respectively, for the
British Gaumont
The Gaumont-British Picture Corporation produced and distributed films and operated a cinema chain in the United Kingdom. It was established as an offshoot of the Gaumont Film Company of France.
Film production
Gaumont-British was founded in 18 ...
feature film
''Little Friend'' (1934).
Filmography
Screenwriter
* ''
Nora'' (Germany, 1923)
* ''
The Wig'' (Germany, 1925)
* ''
4 Devils'' (1928)
* ''
City Girl'' (1930)
* ''
The Sacred Flame'' (1931)
* ''
Little Friend'' (UK, 1934)
* ' (Austria, 1951)
Director
* ''
Nora'' (Germany, 1923)
* ''
The Wig'' (Germany, 1925)
* ''
Uneasy Money'' (Germany, 1926)
* ''
The One Woman Idea
''The One Woman Idea'' is a 1929 American drama film directed by Berthold Viertel and written by Marion Orth. The film stars Rod La Rocque, Marceline Day, Shirley Dorman, Sharon Lynn, Sally Phipps and Ivan Lebedeff. The film was released on Ju ...
'' (1929)
* ''
Seven Faces'' (1929)
* ''
Man Trouble'' (1930)
* ''
The Sacred Flame'' (1931)
* ''
The Spy'' (1931)
* ''
The Magnificent Lie'' (1931)
* ''
The Wiser Sex'' (1932)
* ''
The Man from Yesterday
''The Man from Yesterday'' is a 1932 American pre-Code romantic war drama film made by Paramount Pictures, directed by Berthold Viertel, and written by Oliver H. P. Garrett, based on a story by Neil Blackwell and Rowland G. Edwards.
Plot
I ...
'' (1932)
* ''
Little Friend'' (UK, 1934)
* ''
The Passing of the Third Floor Back'' (UK, 1935)
* ''
Rhodes of Africa
''Rhodes of Africa'' is a 1936 British biographical film charting the life of Cecil Rhodes. It was directed by Berthold Viertel and starred Walter Huston, Oskar Homolka, Basil Sydney and Bernard Lee.
Plot
The movie begins with the captions: "Th ...
'' (UK, 1936)
References
Bibliography
* Bergfelder, Tim & Cargnelli, Christian (ed). ''Destination London: German-speaking Emigres and British Cinema, 1925-1950''. Berghahn Books, 2008.
* Jansen, Irene . ''Berthold Viertel: Leben und künsterlerische Arbeit im Exil''. New York: Peter Lang, 1992.
* Richards, Jeffrey (ed). ''The Unknown 1930s: An Alternative History of the British Cinema, 1929-1939''. I.B. Tauris, 200.
* Viertel, Salka . ''The Kindness of Strangers''. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1969.
External links
*
*
*
Berthold Viertel - Feuchtwanger Memorial LibraryFilmography, New York Times - Berthold Viertel
{{DEFAULTSORT:Viertel, Berthold
1885 births
1953 deaths
Austrian film directors
Film people from Vienna
Austro-Hungarian emigrants to Germany
German emigrants to the United States