Brotia Swinhoei

''Brotia'' is a genus of Southeast Asian freshwater snails, gastropod molluscs in the taxonomic family Pachychilidae.Köhler F. & Glaubrecht M. (2006). "A systematic revision of the Southeast Asian freshwater gastropod ''Brotia'' (Cerithioidea: Pachychilidae)". '' Malacologia'' 48
159
251.

The generic name ''Brotia'' is apparently in honor of a Swiss malacologist Auguste Louis Brot (1821-1896).

Distribution

Species of ''Brotia'' occur in freshwater habitats of Southeast Asia, ranging from Northern India in the west through to Sumatra in the east. This range includes India, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, China (1 species), Cambodia, Malaysia and Indonesia (Sumatra and Borneo only).

Biology

Species are found predominantly in fast flowing, well oxygenated rivers, occasionally also in lakes. They are gonochoristic, and viviparous, retaining developing eggs and youngs in special brood pouch.

Species

Species within the genus ''Brotia'' include:

* † '' Brotia alpina'' (F. Sandberger, 1871)
* '' Brotia annamita'' Köhler, Holford M., Do & Ho, 2009Köhler F., Holford, Do V. T. & Ho T. H. (2009). "Exploring a largely unknown fauna: On the diversity of pachychilid freshwater gastropods in Vietnam (Caenogastropoda: Cerithioidea)". ''Molluscan Research'' 29(3): 121-146
abstract

* '' Brotia angulifera'' Brot, 1872 - incertae sedis
* '' Brotia armata'' (Brandt, 1874)
* '' Brotia assamensis'' (Nevill, 1885) - incertae sedis
* '' Brotia beaumetzi'' (Brot, 1887) - incertae sedis
* '' Brotia binodosa'' (Blanford, 1903)
* † '' Brotia bittneri'' (Oppenheim, 1895)
* '' Brotia boenana'' (Brot, 1881)
* '' Brotia borneensis'' (Schepman, 1896) - incertae sedis
* † '' Brotia castellaunensis'' (Boussac, 1911)
* '' Brotia citrina'' (Brot, 1868)
* '' Brotia clavaeformis'' (Brot, 1874)
* ''Brotia costula'' (Rafinesque, 1833)
* '' Brotia cylindrus'' (Brot, 1886) - incertae sedis
* ''Brotia dautzenbergiana'' (Morlet, 1884)
* '' Brotia episcopalis'' (H. Lea & I. Lea, 1851)
* '' Brotia godwini'' (Brot, 1875)
* '' Brotia henriettae'' (Griffith & Pidgeon, 1834)
* '' Brotia herculea'' (Gould, 1846)
* ''Brotia hoabinhensis'' Köhler, Holford, Do & Ho, 2009
* '' Brotia huberi'' Thach, 2021
* '' Brotia indragirica'' (von Martens, 1900)
* '' Brotia insolita'' (Brot, 1868)
* '' Brotia iravadica'' (Blanford, 1869)
* '' Brotia jullieni'' (Deshayes, 1874)
* '' Brotia kelantanesis'' (Preston, 1907)
* '' Brotia laodelectata'' Köhler, 2008
* † '' Brotia lhazeensis'' Yü, 1982
* † '' Brotia lombersensis'' (Noulet, 1867)
* † '' Brotia majevitzae'' (Oppenheim, 1901)
* '' Brotia manningi'' Brandt, 1968
* '' Brotia mariae'' Köhler, 2008
* '' Brotia microsculpta'' Brandt, 1968
* ''Brotia pageli'' (Thiele, 1908)
* ''Brotia pagodula'' (Gould, 1847) - type species
* † '' Brotia palaeocostula'' Gurung, Takayasu & Matsuoka, 1997
* '' Brotia paludiformis'' (Solem, 1966)
* '' Brotia peninsularis'' (Brandt, 1974)
* '' Brotia persculpta'' (Ehrmann, 1922)
* '' Brotia praetermissa'' Köhler & Glaubrecht, 2002
* '' Brotia pseudoasperata'' Brandt, 1968
* '' Brotia pseudosulcospira'' (Brandt, 1968)
* '' Brotia siamensis'' (Brot, 1886)
* '' Brotia solemiana'' (Brandt, 1968)
* '' Brotia sooloensis'' (Reeve, 1859) - incertae sedis
* '' Brotia spinata'' (Godwin-Austen, 1872) - incertae sedis
* '' Brotia subgloriosa'' (Brandt, 1968)
* '' Brotia sumatrensis'' (Brot, 1875)
* '' Brotia torquata'' (von dem Busch, 1842)
* '' Brotia verbecki'' (Brot, 1886)
* '' Brotia wykoffi'' (Brandt, 1974)
* '' Brotia yunnanensis'' Köhler, Du & Yang, 2010Köhler F., Du L.-N. & Yang J.-X. (2010). "A new species of ''Brotia'' from Yunnan, China (Caenogastropoda, Pachychilidae)". '' Zoosystematics and Evolution'' 86(2): 295-300. .
* '' Brotia zonata'' (Benson, 1836) - incertae sedis

Synonyms:
* ''Brotia asperata'' (Lamarck, 1822): synonym of '' Jagora asperata'' (Lamarck, 1822)
* ''Brotia baccata'' (Gould, 1847): synonym of '' Brotia henriettae'' (Gray, 1834)
* ''Brotia delavayana'' Heude, 1888 : synonym of '' Sulcospira delavayana'' (Heude, 1888)
* † ''Brotia escheri aquitanica'' (Noulet, 1846): synonym of † '' Tinnyea aquitanica'' (Noulet, 1846)
* † ''Brotia escheri auingeri'' (Handmann, 1882): synonym of † '' Tinnyea lauraea'' (Matheron, 1842)
* ''Brotia hainanensis'' (Brot, 1872): synonym of ''Sulcospira hainanensis'' (Brot, 1874)
* ''Brotia hamonvillei'' : synonym of '' Sulcospira tonkiniana'' (Morelet, 1886)
* ''Brotia infracostata'' (Mousson, 1848): synonym of '' Sulcospira infracostata'' (Mousson, 1848)
* ''Brotia proteus'' (Bavay & Dautzenberg, 1908): synonym of ''Sulcospira dakrongensis'' Köhler, Holford, Do & Ho, 2009
* ''Brotia swinhoei'' (H. Adams, 1870): synonym of '' Sulcospira swinhoei'' (H. Adams, 1870)
* ''Brotia testudinaria'' (von dem Busch, 1842):Köhler F. & Glaubrecht M. (2001). "Toward a systematic revision of the Southeast Asian freshwater gastropod ''Brotia'' H. – Adams, 1866 (Cerithioidea: Pachychilidae): an account of species from around the South China Sea". '' Journal of Molluscan Studies'' 67(3): 281-318. synonym of '' Sulcospira testudinaria'' (von dem Busch, 1842)
* ''Brotia tourannensis'': synonym of '' Sulcospira tourannensis'' (Souleyet, 1852)
* ''Brotia variabilis'' (Benson, 1836): synonym of ''Brotia costula'' (Rafinesque, 1833)

Variability of shells of ''Brotia'' (images in the first row are in the same ratio):

File:Brotia armata shell.png, '' Brotia armata''
File:Brotia binodosa shell.png, '' Brotia binodosa''
File:Brotia herculea shell.png, '' Brotia herculea''

References

External links

* Köhler F. & Deein G. (2010). "Hybridisation as potential source of incongruence in the morphological and mitochondrial diversity of a Thai freshwater gastropod (Pachychilidae, ''Brotia'' H. Adarns, 1866)". '' Zoosystematics and Evolution'' 86(2): 301-314. .

{{Taxonbar, from=Q990852

Gastropod genera
Brotia
Freshwater snails