Bolzano (
or ; german: Bozen,
(formerly ); bar, Bozn; lld, Balsan or ) is the
capital city of the province of
South Tyrol in northern Italy. With a population of 108,245, Bolzano is also by far the largest city in
South Tyrol and the third largest in historical
Tyrol. The greater metro area has about 250,000 inhabitants and is one of the urban centers within the
Alps.
Bolzano is the seat of the
Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, where lectures and seminars are held in English, German, and Italian. The city is also home to the
Italian Army's
Alpini
The Alpini are the Italian Army's specialist mountain infantry. Part of the army's infantry corps, the speciality distinguished itself in combat during World War I and World War II. Currently the active Alpini units are organized in two operatio ...
High Command (
COMALP) and some of its combat and support units.
In the 2020 version of the annual ranking of quality of life in Italian cities, Bolzano was ranked joint first for quality of life alongside
Bologna.
Along with other Alpine towns in South Tyrol, Bolzano engages in the
Alpine Town of the Year Association for the implementation of the Alpine Convention. The Convention aims to promote and achieve sustainable development in the Alpine Arc. Consequently, Bolzano was awarded ''Alpine Town of the Year 2009''.
Bolzano is considered a bridge between
Northern Europe
The northern region of Europe has several definitions. A restrictive definition may describe Northern Europe as being roughly north of the southern coast of the Baltic Sea, which is about 54th parallel north, 54°N, or may be based on other g ...
and
Southern Europe due to the three spoken languages in
South Tyrol (
Italian,
German, and
Ladin) and the confluence of Italian and
German-
Austrian culture.
Geography
Location
The area of the city of Bolzano is 52.3 km
2 (20 sq. mi.), of which 28 km
2 (10 sq. mi.) is used as a settlement area. The city is located in the basin where the
Sarntal,
Eisacktal, and the
Adige Valley with their rivers,
Talfer,
Eisack
The Eisack (german: Eisack, ; it, Isarco ; Latin: ''Isarus'' or ''Isarcus'') is a river in Northern Italy, the second largest river in South Tyrol. Its source is near the Brenner Pass, at an altitude of about 1990 m above sea level. The river draw ...
, and
Adige, meet. In the Middle Ages, the two main Alpine crossings, the
Via Claudia Augusta over
Reschenpass and the Brenner route over
Brenner Pass
The Brenner Pass (german: link=no, Brennerpass , shortly ; it, Passo del Brennero ) is a mountain pass through the Alps which forms the border between Italy and Austria. It is one of the principal passes of the Eastern Alpine range and has ...
, met in Bolzano. Thus, the city was very important for the trade. The highest point is 1616 metres (5302') above sea level and the lowest point is 232 metres (761') above sea level. The center is located at an altitude of 262 metres (860') above sea level. The nearest big cities are 58 km (36 miles) (
Trento) and 118 km (73 miles) (
Innsbruck
Innsbruck (; bar, Innschbruck, label=Bavarian language, Austro-Bavarian ) is the capital of Tyrol (state), Tyrol and the List of cities and towns in Austria, fifth-largest city in Austria. On the Inn (river), River Inn, at its junction with the ...
) away.
City districts and neighbouring communities
City districts (most district names were originally in German and italianized at a later stage):
* Centro-Piani-Rencio/Zentrum-Bozner Boden-Rentsch
* Don Bosco/Don Bosco-Neugries
* Europa-Novacella/Europa-Neustift
* Gries-San Quirino/Gries-Quirein
* Oltrisarco-Aslago/Oberau-Haslach
In 1911 Zwölfmalgreien and in 1925 the municipality Gries were incorporated in the city of Bolzano.
Neighbouring communities are:
Eppan,
Karneid,
Laives
Laives (; german: Leifers ) is a town and a ''comune'' (municipality) in South Tyrol in northern Italy, located about south of the city of Bolzano. It is one of only five mainly Italian speaking municipalities in South Tyrol, and the fourth larg ...
,
Deutschnofen,
Ritten,
Jenesien,
Terlan and
Vadena.
Climate
Being located at multiple climate borders, Bolzano features a
humid subtropical climate
A humid subtropical climate is a zone of climate characterized by hot and humid summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between latitudes 25° and 40° ...
(Cfa) with hot summers and very cold winters by Italian standards. According to the Trewartha classification, this climate could not be really considered a subtropical climate because fewer than 8 months are at least , and thus would be considered a semi-continental climate with hot summers. Some of its suburbs are designated an
oceanic climate
An oceanic climate, also known as a marine climate, is the humid temperate climate sub-type in Köppen classification ''Cfb'', typical of west coasts in higher middle latitudes of continents, generally featuring cool summers and mild winters ( ...
(Cfb) based on cooler summer temperatures, while mountains in the area may feature a continental climate (Dfb). The climate of Bolzano is influenced by its low altitude in a valley south of the main alps. This causes very sheltered conditions from cool winds during daytime, ensuring much warmer temperatures year-round than in similar valley cities north of the range.
Society
Linguistic distribution
According to the 2011 census, 73.80% of the city's inhabitants spoke
Italian, 25.52%
German and 0.68%
Ladin as their
first language.
Through fascism and the
Italianization
Italianization ( it, italianizzazione; hr, talijanizacija; french: italianisation; sl, poitaljančevanje; german: Italianisierung; el, Ιταλοποίηση) is the spread of Italian culture, language and identity by way of integration or a ...
policy under
Benito Mussolini
Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (; 29 July 188328 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who founded and led the National Fascist Party. He was Prime Minister of Italy from the March on Rome in 1922 until his deposition in 194 ...
in the inter-war period, the Italian language group became the majority in Bolzano. Prior to the annexation of South Tyrol to Italy (
Treaty of Versailles, 1919) a small Italophone community of up to 10% of the population already lived in Bolzano.
History
Prehistory and Roman settlement
The modern-day Bolzano was in ancient times a marshy region inhabited by the
Raetian Isarci people, traditionally believed to be descendants of
Etruscan refugees fleeing Italy from the invading Gauls. The Romans built a settlement after the area had been conquered in 15 BC by general
Nero Claudius Drusus. The military settlement, ''Pons Drusi'' (Drusus Bridge), was named after this Roman general. During this time the area became part of the region
Venetia et Histria (Regio X) of
ancient Italy
The history of Italy covers the ancient period, the Middle Ages, and the modern era. Since classical antiquity, ancient Etruscans, various Italic peoples (such as the Latins, Samnites, and Umbri), Celts, '' Magna Graecia'' colonists, and oth ...
.
In 1948, excavations of the current Cathedral led to the discovery of an ancient Christian basilica from the fourth century. Also discovered was a Roman cemetery, including the tomb of "Secundus Regontius" with Latin inscriptions dating to the third century, making him the oldest known inhabitant of Bolzano.
Bavarian settlement
During the gradual decline of the Lombard influence in the seventh century,
Bavarian immigration took place and the first mention of a Bavarian ruler in Bolzano dates from 679. At that time, the Bavarians named the nearby villages around Bolzano ''Bauzanum'' or ''Bauzana''. In 769
Tassilo III, Duke of Bavaria issued in Bolzano the foundation charter of the
Innichen Abbey.
German populations have been present in the region of
Tyrol from that period onwards. At around the year 1000, the settlement is called "in Pauzana valle, quae lingua Teutisca Pozana nuncupatur".
Bishopric of Trent
In 1027 the area of Bolzano and the rest of the diocese was conferred, by the
emperor Conrad II from the
Salian dynasty, upon the
bishops of Trent
The Italian Catholic Archdiocese of Trento ( la, Archidioecesis Tridentina, German Trient), in the Triveneto, is a Latin Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese named after its see in Alpine Italy, Trento (Tr(i)ent), in Trentino-Alto Adige region.
Th ...
. In the late-12th century, the bishop founded a
market town, along the ''Lauben'' thoroughfare. The town therefore became an important trading post on the Transalpine
Augsburg-
Venice
Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto Regions of Italy, region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 ...
route over the
Brenner Pass
The Brenner Pass (german: link=no, Brennerpass , shortly ; it, Passo del Brennero ) is a mountain pass through the Alps which forms the border between Italy and Austria. It is one of the principal passes of the Eastern Alpine range and has ...
, elevation above sea level, within the
Holy Roman Empire.
County of Tyrol
In 1277 Bolzano was conquered by
Meinhard II
Meinhard II (c. 1238 – 1 November 1295), a member of the House of Gorizia (''Meinhardiner''), ruled the County of Gorizia (as Meinhard IV) and the County of Tyrol together with his younger brother Albert from 1258. In 1271 they divided their he ...
, the Count of Tyrol, leading to a struggle between the
counts of Tyrol and the bishops of Trent. In 1363, the
County of Tyrol passed to the Austrian
House of Habsburg. In 1381,
Duke Leopold granted the citizens of Bolzano the privilege of a town council. This gradually eliminated the influence and power previously held by the bishops of Trent over the next few decades. In 1462, the bishops eventually resigned all their rights of jurisdiction over the town.
From the 14th and 15th centuries onwards, a large market fair was organised four times per year to greet tradesmen and merchants en-route the Brenner Pass. The Mercantile Magistrate was therefore founded in 1635 by the Austrian duchess
Claudia de' Medici. During every market season, two Italian and two Germanic officers, who were appointed among the local tradesmen, worked in this magistrate office. The establishment of an official trade organisation strengthened Bolzano as a cultural crossroad in the Alps.
After the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, Bolzano became briefly part of the Napoleonic
Kingdom of Italy and was incorporated into the ''
Department of Alto Adige''. After the
Congress of Vienna (1814-15) Bolzano returned to the
County of Tyrol, within the
Austrian Empire and subsequently the
Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary in 1867. The County covered both modern-day
South Tyrol,
Trentino and the federal state of
Tyrol (including
East Tyrol) in Austria.
In 1915, the
Triple Entente powers promised Italy territorial gains if she would enter the
First World War on the side of the Entente instead of siding with the
German Empire
The German Empire (),Herbert Tuttle wrote in September 1881 that the term "Reich" does not literally connote an empire as has been commonly assumed by English-speaking people. The term literally denotes an empire – particularly a hereditary ...
and
Austria-Hungary. When Italy abandoned the
Triple Alliance (1882), the Entente offered her territorial promises in
Tyrol and
Istria
Istria ( ; Croatian language, Croatian and Slovene language, Slovene: ; ist, Eîstria; Istro-Romanian language, Istro-Romanian, Italian language, Italian and Venetian language, Venetian: ; formerly in Latin and in Ancient Greek) is the larges ...
. This secret arrangement was confirmed in the
Treaty of London (1915).
After Italy declared war on Austria-Hungary on May 24, 1915, heavy fighting took place all along Tyrol's southern border for the entire duration of the conflict. For the next years Tyrol's southern border became the front line between Austro-Hungarian and Italian troops. Tyrol's south frontier was - and still is - dotted with tens of defensive fortresses that had been built in view of a possible Italian attack. Losses on both sides amount to several thousands. During World War I, tens of thousands of civilians living along Tyrol's southern border were evacuated to either of the two countries, the majority to Bohemian and inner Austrian areas, and some to Italian internment camps, away from the front line.
Part of Italy
On November 3, 1918, the armistice of Villa Giusti, near Padova ended military operations between Italy and Austria-Hungary. Subsequently, Italian troops entered Tyrol and occupied the Austrian areas south of the Brenner Pass. Italian control of
South Tyrol was internationally recognized in 1919. At the time of Bolzano's annexation by the
Kingdom of Italy the town was settled primarily by a German-speaking population. As of 1910, 29,000 inhabitants identified themselves as German speakers and only 1,300 as Italian speakers, these latter ones mainly from the Italian speaking areas of Tyrol, namely Welschtirol, currently known as Trentino.
[City of Bolzano publication](_blank)
Along with the rest of South Tyrol, Bolzano was subjected to an intensive
Italianisation programme enforced by Fascist leader
Benito Mussolini
Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (; 29 July 188328 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who founded and led the National Fascist Party. He was Prime Minister of Italy from the March on Rome in 1922 until his deposition in 194 ...
from the 1920s onwards to September 8, 1943, when Italy left the military alliance with Nazi-Germany and South Tyrol fell under direct German control. The goal of such programme was to outnumber the local German-speaking population by tripling Bolzano's population through Italian immigration from other regions of Italy.
In 1927 Bolzano became the capital of the province of Bolzano. Any reference to and use of the words Tyrol and Tyrolean were banned by law and were punishable offences. In 1933,
Adolf Hitler came to power in the
Weimar Republic. Mussolini and the Fascists worried that Hitler, in pursuing his ideology of ''all ethnic Germans under one Reich'', would claim South Tyrol from Italy. To avoid such prospect, in 1939 Mussolini and Hitler signed the
Option Agreement
An option contract, or simply option, is defined as "a promise which meets the requirements for the formation of a contract and limits the promisor's power to revoke an offer". Option contracts are common in professional sports.
An option contrac ...
, by which Germany would renounce territorial claims over South Tyrol as Germany's ''Lebensraum'' (living space). Furthermore, ethnic South-Tyroleans who had opted to stay in South Tyrol and refused resettlement to the
Third Reich were subjected to full-scale Italianisation, including loss of their German names and national identity, prohibition of schooling in German and use of German for their daily transactions.
Second World War
During the
Second World War, Bolzano was the site of the
Nazi's
Bolzano Transit Camp
, known for =
, location = Bolzano, Operationszone Alpenvorland
, coordinates =
, built by =
, operated by = SS
, commandant = Wilhelm Harster Karl Friedrich Titho
, original use ...
, a
concentration camp for persecuted
Jews and political prisoners. Members of the Jewish population of Bolzano were deported to the death camps in Nazi Germany and murdered there. When Italy
surrendered
Surrender, in military terms, is the relinquishment of control over territory, combatants, fortifications, ships or armament to another power. A surrender may be accomplished peacefully or it may be the result of defeat in battle. A sovereign ...
in September 1943, the whole of South Tyrol as well as
Belluno
Belluno (; lld, Belum; vec, Belùn) is a town and province in the Veneto region of northern Italy. Located about north of Venice, Belluno is the capital of the province of Belluno and the most important city in the Eastern Dolomites region ...
were ''de facto'' administered by the Nazis as
Operational Zone of the Alpine Foothills. After 1943, heavy fighting between Nazi Germany and the Allied Powers took place in the
Dolomites.
Capital of an autonomous province
After the War, the
Gruber-De Gasperi Agreement of September 1946 was signed by the Italian and Austrian Foreign Ministers in Paris, guaranteeing "complete equality of rights" (including education and use of German as an official language) as well as "autonomous legislative and executive regional power" to the German-speaking population in South Tyrol and Trentino.
Because the implementation of the post-war agreement was not seen as satisfactory by the Austrian government (the autonomous province of 1947
included Trentino and therefore had an Italian-speaking majority), it became a cause of significant friction with Italy and was brought to the
General Assembly of the United Nations in 1960, which called for a resolution of the issue. A fresh round of negotiations took place in 1961 but proved unsuccessful, partly because of the campaign of terrorism by
South Tyrolean Liberation Committee – a secessionist movement – against Italian police and electric power structures (one notable incident being the
Night of Fire on 12 June 1961).
The issue was resolved in 1971, when a new statute of autonomy for the smaller, majority German-speaking province
Bozen – Südtirol/Bolzano – Alto Adige, which was supported by the German-speaking population of South Tyrol, was granted by Italy. It resulted in a considerable level of self-government,
also due to the large financial resources of South Tyrol, which retains almost 90% of all levied taxes. The agreement was implemented and proved broadly satisfactory to the parties involved and the separatist tensions soon eased. In 1992, Austria and Italy officially ended their dispute over the autonomy issue on the basis of the statute of 1972.
Economy and Research
Economy
The city thrives on a mix of old and new high-quality intensive
agriculture (including
wine,
fruit, and
dairy product
Dairy products or milk products, also known as lacticinia, are food products made from (or containing) milk. The most common dairy animals are cow, water buffalo, nanny goat, and ewe. Dairy products include common grocery store food items in th ...
s),
tourism, traditional
handicraft (wood, ceramics), and advanced
services.
Heavy industry (machinery, automotive, and steel) installed during the 1930s has now been mostly dismantled. The local economy is very dependent on the
public sector and especially the provincial government.
Bolzano is the biggest city in South Tyrol, which is an autonomous province in Northern Italy with a special statute. This statute preserves the rights of the German-speaking minority in Italy. This unique system was admired by the
Dalai Lama, who visited the city on several occasions to study a possible application in
Tibet. It has also been presented as role model for the successful and fair resolution of inter-ethnic conflict to other regions of the world.
Exhibition Bolzano
The tradeshows and conferences of the
exhibition
An exhibition, in the most general sense, is an organized presentation and display of a selection of items. In practice, exhibitions usually occur within a cultural or educational setting such as a museum, art gallery, park, library, exhibition ...
are concentrated on topics relating to the economies of Alpine countries. There is thus a great focus on tradeshow subjects within the economic competence of South Tyrol and Trentino. The main focuses of dining and leisure time, sports, agriculture, and specific Alpine industries attract an annual total of over 3,000 exhibitors and over 230,000 visitors from all over Europe.
Italian German Business Forum Bozen-Bolzano
Since 2011, the city hosts the Italo-Germanic Business Forum, which brings together the leaders of the Italian and German economies –
Confindustria and the
Bundesverband der Deutschen Industrie
The Bundesverband der Deutschen Industrie (BDI), Federation of German Industries e. V. is the leading organization of German industry and industry-related service providers. It represents 39 industry associations and more than 100,000 companies wi ...
– in the Mercantile Palace to address issues related to the international crisis.
Companies
Large companies in Bolzano are:
* THUN AG
* FERCAM AG
*
Spar (retailer)
SPAR, originally DESPAR, styled as DE SPAR, is a Dutch multinational that provides branding, supplies and support services for independently owned and operated food retail stores. It was founded in the Netherlands in 1932, by Adriaan van Well, ...
Italia SPA
*
Acciaierie Valbruna SPA
*
Iveco
IVECO, an acronym for Industrial Vehicles Corporation, is an Italian multinational transport vehicle manufacturing company. It designs and builds light, medium, and heavy commercial vehicles. The name IVECO first appeared in 1975 after a merger o ...
SPA
* Oberalp AG
* Alperia AG
Research
NOI Techpark
NOI Techpark is on a 12-hectare (30 acre) site in the south of Bolzano, on premises formerly home to aluminium works.
The "Nature of Innovation" concept contains: innovation imitating nature. This concept that NOI Techpark is based on, where research institutes, companies and start-ups from South Tyrol and all over the globe will work together to prepare the ground for a sustainable development.
Working with representatives from South Tyrol's business and research communities, BLS and TIS innovation park have developed the park's "Nature of Innovation" positioning title, the initials of which give the park its name: NOI. The name reflects two meanings in South Tyrol: depending on how you want to pronounce it, NOI can either sound like the Italian word for "we" or the South Tyrolean dialect word for "new".
A special focus lies on those fields:
* Alpine Technology
* Renewable Energies and Energy Efficiency
* Food Technology
* ICT & Automation
Free University of Bolzano-Bozen
The
Free University of Bolzano-Bozen, founded in October 1997, is actively involved in basic and applied research projects through its five faculties, of which four are located in Bolzano. The university is engaged in a multitude of scientific and technological areas, in addition to different disciplines belonging to
Humanities.
Eurac Research
The
Eurac Research is a private research center headquartered in Bolzano. The research facility was founded in 1992 and initially had 12 employees. Meanwhile, the Center for Applied Research has more than 300 employees. The topics of this institution include, for example, "Liveable Regions", "Diversity as Added Value" and "Healthy Society". The research has focused more on the Alpine region. Since 2002, the site has been located on Drusus Street, in the former fascist "GIL" building, which was then extensively renovated and integrated with modern buildings. In 2018, the research facility will lead the terraXcube in the NOI Techpark Bolzano. The terraXcube is a research infrastructure that can simulate the most extreme climatic conditions on earth. Air pressure, humidity and solar radiation can be simulated and changed simultaneously in one room. The aim is to investigate how humans react to extreme climatic conditions. Even machines can be tested in this simulator.
Fraunhofer Italia
Fraunhofer Italia is a subsidiary of
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft and is headquartered in Bolzano. The company was founded in 2009 and since then specializes in areas such as "Automation and Mechatronic Engineering" and "Process Engineering in Construction". The Organization for Applied Research seeks to help small and medium-sized enterprises in the region through charitable research. Since 2017, the research facility has been based in the Technology Park in Bolzano South.
Politics
City Council
The last municipal elections were held in the year 2020. Of the 45 seats, 9 different parties were elected to the city council. The
Partito Democratico (PD), the
Südtiroler Volkspartei
The South Tyrolean People's Party (german: Südtiroler Volkspartei, SVP) is a regionalist and autonomist political party in South Tyrol, an autonomous province with a German-speaking majority in northern Italy.
Founded on 8 May 1945, the SVP h ...
(SVP) and the
Lega Nord
Lega Nord (; acronym: LN), whose complete name is (), is a right-wing, federalist, populist and conservative political party in Italy. In the run-up of the 2018 general election, the party was rebranded as (), without changing its official n ...
(LN) won 7 seats each.
Mayors
This table shows the mayors of the city of Bolzano after 1945. All mayors within this list belong to the Italian language group. So far, the last mayor of the German language group in Bolzano was
Julius Perathoner from 1895 to 1922 and was replaced by the
march on Bolzano by the fascists.
Euroregion Tyrol-South Tyrol-Trentino
In 1996, the European Union approved further cultural and economic integration between the Austrian province of
Tyrol and the Italian autonomous provinces of South Tyrol and
Trentino by recognizing the creation of the
Euroregion Tyrol-South Tyrol-Trentino.
Main sights
Its medieval city centre,
Gothic and
Romanesque churches and bilingual signage give it the flavour of a city at the crossroads of Italian and Austrian cultures. This and its natural and cultural attractions make it a popular tourist destination.
Among the major monuments and sights are:
* the ''Walther Square'', with a statue of
Walther von der Vogelweide, a German minstrel (''
minnesinger'')
* the ''Laubengasse'' or ''Via dei Portici'', a street long, in the city centre with medieval carcades along its entire course, now housing countless high-street shops
* the
South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology, which has the mummy of
Ötzi the Iceman
* the
Museion, the Museum of modern and contemporary art of Bolzano
* the Gothic Cathedral, started in 1184, expanded in the 14th century by architects
Martin and
Peter Schiche
Peter may refer to:
People
* List of people named Peter, a list of people and fictional characters with the given name
* Peter (given name)
** Saint Peter (died 60s), apostle of Jesus, leader of the early Christian Church
* Peter (surname), a sur ...
and completed in the early 16th century by Hans Lutz von
Schussenried
* the
Old Parish Church of Gries
The Old Parish Church of Gries (german: Alte Pfarrkirche Gries; it, Vecchia Parrocchiale di Gries; also known as Our Lady's Church) was until 1788 the parish church of the formerly independent municipality of Gries, which today forms part of the ...
, with an altarpiece by
Michael Pacher
* the
benedictine monastery of
Muri-Gries
Muri Abbey (german: Kloster Muri) is a Benedictine monastery dedicated to Saint Martin of Tours. It flourished for over eight centuries at Muri, in the Canton of Aargau, near Zürich, Switzerland. It is currently established as Muri-Gries in Sou ...
, with baroque paintings by
Martin Knoller
Martin Knoller (18 November 1725 – 24 July 1804) was an Austrian-Italian painter active in Italy who is remembered for his fresco work.
Biography
Born in Steinach am Brenner near the Austrian city of Innsbruck, Knoller studied under Paul Tr ...
* the
Chiesa dei Domenicani/Dominikanerkirche (13th century), with a series of 14th-century Gothic paintings
* various castles, including ''
Castle Maretsch
Maretsch Castle (german: Schloss Maretsch; it, Castel Mareccio) is a castle located in the historic center of Bolzano, South Tyrol, northern Italy. It is a residence rather than a defense construction.
The oldest part of the castle dates back to ...
'', ''
Runkelstein Castle'' and ''
Firmian/Sigmundskron Castle''
* ''
Victory Monument'', a triumphal arch built on the order of
Benito Mussolini
Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (; 29 July 188328 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who founded and led the National Fascist Party. He was Prime Minister of Italy from the March on Rome in 1922 until his deposition in 194 ...
in 1928, site of a permanent exhibition on the regional history in the context of the two dictatorships of the Italian
Fascism and the German
Nazism
* the former
Casa del Fascio, recontextualized in 2017
*
Messner Mountain Museum of
Reinhold Messner
For more historical and geographical information see
South Tyrol.
Gallery
File:Chiostro Francescani Bolzano.jpg, Franciscan Friary, Bolzano
File:Sparkassenstraße cropped.jpg, Sparkassenstraße
File:Kornplatz Bozen 2015.jpg, Kornplatz
File:Via goethe, bolzano.JPG, Obstplatz
File:Kloster und Stiftskirche Muri-Gires in Bozen Südtirol.JPG, Muri-Gries
Muri Abbey (german: Kloster Muri) is a Benedictine monastery dedicated to Saint Martin of Tours. It flourished for over eight centuries at Muri, in the Canton of Aargau, near Zürich, Switzerland. It is currently established as Muri-Gries in Sou ...
File:Bozen Waltherplatz.jpg, Statue of Walther von der Vogelweide
File:St-magdalena st-justina-rosengarten.jpg, St. Magdalena with the Rosengarten group
Culture
Museums
*
South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology, is the exhibition location of the
Ötzi. The museum also exhibits other archaeological finds from the South Tyrolean region. Due to the Ötzi, it is one of the leading archaeological museums in Italy.
*
Runkelstein Castle, was built in 1237 by the brothers Friedrich and Beral von Wangen. The castle became known for its extensive and profane
fresco
Fresco (plural ''frescos'' or ''frescoes'') is a technique of mural painting executed upon freshly laid ("wet") lime plaster. Water is used as the vehicle for the dry-powder pigment to merge with the plaster, and with the setting of the plaste ...
cycle from the
Middle Ages.
*
Bolzano City Museum
Bolzano ( or ; german: Bozen, (formerly ); bar, Bozn; lld, Balsan or ) is the capital city of the province of South Tyrol in northern Italy. With a population of 108,245, Bolzano is also by far the largest city in South Tyrol and the third la ...
; The collections of the museum include works of art as paintings, sculptures,
altars and folklore objects of daily life from all over
South Tyrol. The access to the museum is limited and only a part of the valuable collection is visible. The museum, built in 1905, is in the planning stage for an extension that would be fully accessible.
*
Nature Museum South Tyrol
Nature, in the broadest sense, is the physical world or universe. "Nature" can refer to the phenomena of the physical world, and also to life in general. The study of nature is a large, if not the only, part of science. Although humans are p ...
, is dedicated to areas such as geology, flora and fauna. The exhibition shows the emergence of South Tyrolean landscapes, for example the
Dolomites, and natural science collections from the South Tyrolean region.
*
Museion, is a museum of Modern and Contemporary Art. The museum was founded in 1985 and today, since 2008, has its headquarters on "Talferwiesen". The modern cube, including bridges, was planned by the architects' office "Krüger, Schubert, Vandreike (KSV)".
*
Mercantile Museum of Bolzano
Trade involves the transfer of goods and services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money. Economists refer to a system or network that allows trade as a market.
An early form of trade, barter, saw the direct exchan ...
, tells about the economic history of Bolzano and its importance in Central Europe as a bridge between North and South. The museum used to be the seat of the former
Mercantile Magistrate
Trade involves the transfer of goods and services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money. Economists refer to a system or network that allows trade as a market.
An early form of trade, barter, saw the direct excha ...
. It also documents the trade fairs and their significance for the trading city.
*
Bolzano School Museum, reports about the development of the school in South Tyrol since the introduction of the compulsory education of Empress
Maria Theresia in the year 1774. Special features of this museum are, among other things, the presentation of the
catacomb schools and the documentation about the Jewish school home near
Merano.
*
Bolzano Cathedral Treasury
Bolzano ( or ; german: Bozen, (formerly ); bar, Bozn; lld, Balsan or ) is the capital city of the province of South Tyrol in northern Italy. With a population of 108,245, Bolzano is also by far the largest city in South Tyrol and the third la ...
, was founded in 2007 and has its seat near the
Cathedral of Bolzano
A cathedral is a church (building), church that contains the ''cathedra'' () of a bishop, thus serving as the central church of a diocese, Annual conferences within Methodism, conference, or episcopate. Churches with the function of "cathedral ...
. The museum shows
sacred art such as church treasures, 18th-century paintings and goldsmithing.
*
MMM Firmian, is one of six locations of the museum project of mountaineer
Reinhold Messner. The MMM Firmian is located at
Sigmundskron Castle
Sigmundskron Castle (german: Schloss Sigmundskron, it, Castel Firmiano) is an extensive castle and set of fortifications near Bolzano in South Tyrol. Today its ruins house the fourth mountain museum established by the South Tyrolean mountaineer, R ...
and is also the headquarters of the project. Themes of this museum are the history of mountaineering and the art of mountaineering. It shows the connection between the people and the mountains. Additionally, Reinhold Messner's experiences, collections and memories of the expeditions will be exhibited.
*
Semi-rural House, was one of many houses built in the Semi-rural zone during the 1930s for industrial workers. It documents the development of this district at that time until the 1980s.
* Documentation Center "BZ '18–'45: one monument, one city, two dictatorships",
Victory Monument. The museum is located below the Victory Monument and documents the time of the population of Bolzano and South Tyrol during the
Italian fascism and after 1943 the German
National Socialism
Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right politics, far-right Totalitarianism, totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hit ...
. It is the first museum in Italy to work on the fascism under Benito Mussolini. In 2016, the Museum received a lot of recognition from the jury of the
European Museum of the Year Award for exhibiting this sensitive topic.
* Pons Drusi Museum, located in the retirement home "Grieserhof" and showing archaeological remains such as frescoes and vases from Roman antiquity. The remaining walls indicate a former temple complex and a building with a pillared hall. Several objects from the first century AD were found, showing the life of the Romans in Gries-Bolzano at that time.
Libraries and Archives
*
Tessmann Library
*
University Library of Bozen-Bolzano
*
South Tyrolean Provincial Archives
South is one of the cardinal directions or compass points. The direction is the opposite of north and is perpendicular to both east and west.
Etymology
The word ''south'' comes from Old English ''sūþ'', from earlier Proto-Germanic ''*sunþaz ...
*
Civic Archives in Bozen-Bolzano
Cinema and Theatre
* Bolzano Civic Theatre - Stadttheater Bozen; the new city theater was opened in 1999 according to the plans of the architect
Marco Zanuso. For a long time, the city had no city theater because the old one was destroyed in World War II. It is the seat of the United Stages Bolzano (VBB) and has 2 halls. The theater features performances in Italian and German.
*
Concert Hall Bolzano, was also opened in 1999 and is the seat of the
Haydn Orchestra of Bolzano and Trento
Franz Joseph Haydn ( , ; 31 March 173231 May 1809) was an Austrian composer of the Classical period. He was instrumental in the development of chamber music such as the string quartet and piano trio. His contributions to musical form have led ...
. Every two years the famous
Ferruccio Busoni International Piano Competition is held in the auditorium.
* Haus der Kultur
Walther von der Vogelweide (Culture house Walther von der Vogelweide), is a theater that presents a majority of performances in German. It is located in the center of the city and can accommodate about 500 people.
* Teatro Cristallo, is located outside the center in Dalmatienstreet. Most of the performances are presented in Italian.
* Stadttheater Gries (City theater Gries), located in the district of Gries-Quirein and can accommodate 371 people. Performances are presented in German and Italian.
* Theater im Hof (Theatre in the courtyard), is located on Obstplatz and dedicated to the children and youth theater. An additional focus of the small theater is the topic of "women in and at the theater".
* Carambolage; in this venue improvisational theater and other forms of
cabaret are offered. It is located in the center of the city.
* Batzen Sudwerk; below the 600-year-old brewery is a cultural workshop in the basement. There are offered often performances in the form of
cabaret.
* Teatro Cinema Rainerum; at the Rainerum Institute in the Don Bosco district there is a theater for about 400 people.
*
Filmclub Bolzano
Filmclub is an education charity that sets up film clubs in schools and other education and care establishments in England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and the Isle of Man. The scheme is free to all state primary and secondary schools in ...
(Movie club Bolzano), is a cinema with 3 rooms and also shows several films of regional directors and actors. The Filmclub is also the venue of the
Bolzano Filmfestival
Bolzano ( or ; german: Bozen, (formerly ); bar, Bozn; lld, Balsan or ) is the capital city of the province of South Tyrol in northern Italy. With a population of 108,245, Bolzano is also by far the largest city in South Tyrol and the third la ...
. The cinema is located in the old town of Bolzano.
*
Cineplexx, was opened in 2009 and offers a majority of films in German. In addition to films in German and Italian, other films are also available in English. The cinema has 7 rooms.
*
UCI Cinema, opened in 2015 and is located in the shopping center "Twenty". Most of the 6 halls offer films in Italian. Also in this cinema are occasionally shown films in English and German.
Cultural events
Bolzano organizes the following events every year:
* Südtirol JazzFestival, is a festival that not only takes place in Bolzano but is also performed all over South Tyrol. The jazz festival lasts up to 10 days and performs 90 concerts in 50 different locations with over 150 jazz musicians. International jazz musicians such as
Don Cherry,
Randy Brecker,
Carla Bley
Carla Bley (born Lovella May Borg; May 11, 1936) is an American jazz composer, pianist, organist and bandleader. An important figure in the free jazz movement of the 1960s, she is perhaps best known for her jazz opera '' Escalator over the Hill'' ...
,
Chick Corea
Armando Anthony "Chick" Corea (June 12, 1941 – February 9, 2021) was an American jazz composer, pianist, keyboardist, bandleader, and occasional percussionist. His compositions "Spain", " 500 Miles High", "La Fiesta", "Armando's Rhumba", and ...
,
Pat Metheny, and
Collin Walcott participated in this event.
*
Ferruccio Busoni International Piano Competition, is an international piano competition and is held every 2 years. This competition was initiated by the director of the Conservatory of Music "Claudio Monteverdi" in memory of the 25th anniversary of the death of
Ferruccio Busoni
Ferruccio Busoni (1 April 1866 – 27 July 1924) was an Italian composer, pianist, conductor, editor, writer, and teacher. His international career and reputation led him to work closely with many of the leading musicians, artists and literary ...
. The artist influenced Italian and German music art and was therefore a symbol of the South Tyrolean culture.
* Bolzano Filmfestival Bozen; The first Bolzano film festival was held in 1987 under the name "Bozner Filmtage". It serves as a platform for the local film scene and creates contact between filmmakers and audiences. Films in Italian and German are shown. Artists like
Tobias Moretti,
Fred Zinnemann,
Herbert Achternbusch,
Michele Placido, and
Jiri Menzel
Jiri ( ne, जिरी) is a municipality in Dolakha District in the Bagmati Province of central Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 13,638 people..
Jiri, which lies about 190 kilometers from Kathmandu, is the ma ...
participated in this event.
* Bolzano Festival Bozen, is a festival that takes place every summer and offers classical music. The
European Union Youth Orchestra, the
Gustav Mahler Jugendorchester
Gustav Mahler Jugendorchester (GMJO) is a youth orchestra based in Vienna, Austria, founded in 1986 by conductor Claudio Abbado, and named after Gustav Mahler. It is an associated member of the European Federation of National Youth Orchestras.
...
and the participants of the Ferruccio Busoni Competition are performing regularly.
* Tanz Bozen - Bolzano Danza, is an international contemporary dance festival and is held every summer. It is a festival that shows different dance performances in different places of the city. It is organized by the Haydn Foundation of Bolzano and Trento.
* Christmas market Bozen; The Bolzano Christmas Market was founded in 1990 as Italy's first Christmas market. The stands are located in different places of the old town. With over 1.2 million visitors (2005), the Bolzano Christmas Market is the most visited in Italy.
* Bolzano ShortFilmFestival, also collaborates with the Bolzano Filmfestival and awards prizes for the best short films without words ("No Words"). Indedpently of the Bolzano Filmfestival it also awards prizes for the best Italian short film. The festival was held in 1968 for the first time.
Education
Free University of Bozen-Bolzano
The
Free University of Bozen-Bolzano was founded in 1997 and has its headquarters in the city of Bolzano. It offers trilingual courses in German, Italian and English. The unibz was the first trilingual university in Europe. Other university locations are in
Brixen and
Bruneck. Through the
Euroregion Tyrol-South Tyrol-Trentino, the university also works closely together with the universities of
Innsbruck
Innsbruck (; bar, Innschbruck, label=Bavarian language, Austro-Bavarian ) is the capital of Tyrol (state), Tyrol and the List of cities and towns in Austria, fifth-largest city in Austria. On the Inn (river), River Inn, at its junction with the ...
and
Trento. The University of Bolzano has the following five faculties:
* Economics
* Computer science
* Design and arts
* Science and technology
* Education
State College of Health Professions "Claudiana"
The State College of Health Professions "Claudiana" was founded in 1993 and has since 2006 its headquarters next to the regional hospital of Bolzano outside the center. The college was named after the Regent of the Austrian
County of Tyrol,
Claudia de Medici. The college serves to train health professionals, such as nurses, midwives, technical medicine and rehabilitation specialists. Teaching is in Italian and German.
Conservatory "Claudio Monteverdi"
The conservatory "Claudio Monteverdi" is a college of music in Bolzano. The conservatory was founded in 1927 and has since been named after the former Italian composer
Claudio Monteverdi
Claudio Giovanni Antonio Monteverdi (baptized 15 May 1567 – 29 November 1643) was an Italian composer, choirmaster and string player. A composer of both secular and sacred music, and a pioneer in the development of opera, he is considered ...
. The rooms of the conservatory are located in the
Dominican monastery
Dominican may refer to:
* Someone or something from or related to the Dominican Republic ( , stress on the "mi"), on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles, in the Caribbean
** People of the Dominican Republic
** Demographics of the Domi ...
. The Academy of Music gained international recognition through the biennial
Ferruccio Busoni International Piano Competition.
Transport
Bolzano is connected to the motorway network
A22-
E45 to
Trento and
Verona and to
Innsbruck
Innsbruck (; bar, Innschbruck, label=Bavarian language, Austro-Bavarian ) is the capital of Tyrol (state), Tyrol and the List of cities and towns in Austria, fifth-largest city in Austria. On the Inn (river), River Inn, at its junction with the ...
(Austria) and
Munich (Germany). In Bolzano South there is a transport hub that connects the dual carriageway MeBo with the A22 motorway. The
dual carriageway
A dual carriageway ( BE) or divided highway ( AE) is a class of highway with carriageways for traffic travelling in opposite directions separated by a central reservation (BrE) or median (AmE). Roads with two or more carriageways which are ...
MeBo (
Merano - Bolzano) was completed in 1997 to quickly connect the two metropolitan areas of
South Tyrol, Merano and Bolzano, and to relieve the surrounding communities in the district of
Burggrafenamt and the old former two-lane State street SS38 (Strada statale 38).
The city is also connected to the
Italian railway system.
Bolzano railway station
Bolzano/Bozen railway station ( it, Stazione di Bolzano, german: Bozen Bahnhof) is the main station of Bolzano/Bozen, capital of the autonomous province of Alto Adige/Südtirol, in northeastern Italy.
The station was opened in 1859 by the Austr ...
, opened in 1859, forms part of the
Brenner railway (Verona–Innsbruck), which is part of the main railway route between Italy and Germany. The station is also a
junction of two branch lines, to
Merano and
Mals. The station of Bolzano is served by
Frecciarossa and
Frecciargento trains of
Trenitalia, Italo EVO of
Nuovo Trasporto Viaggiatori (from August 2018) and
EuroCity
EuroCity, abbreviated as EC, is a cross-border train category within the European inter-city rail network. In contrast to trains allocated to the lower-level "IC" (InterCity) category, EC trains are international services that meet 20 criteri ...
trains of
ÖBB.
A two-line
light rail network is planned to serve Bolzano, at a length of 7.2 km ( miles) with 17 stops, with a projected cost of €192 million.
There is a network of cycle paths, and about 30 percent of journeys in Bolzano are made by bicycle.
Until summer 2015 there was a regular connection between
Bolzano Airport (IATA: BZO) and
Rome. In summer charter flights are offered to
Cagliari
Cagliari (, also , , ; sc, Casteddu ; lat, Caralis) is an Italian municipality and the capital of the island of Sardinia, an autonomous region of Italy. Cagliari's Sardinian name ''Casteddu'' means ''castle''. It has about 155,000 inhabitant ...
,
Olbia,
Lamezia Terme and
Catania
Catania (, , Sicilian and ) is the second largest municipality in Sicily, after Palermo. Despite its reputation as the second city of the island, Catania is the largest Sicilian conurbation, among the largest in Italy, as evidenced also by ...
.
Since 1966 a
cable car Cable car most commonly refers to the following cable transportation systems:
* Aerial lift, such as aerial tramways and gondola lifts, in which the vehicle is suspended in the air from a cable
** Aerial tramway
** Chairlift
** Gondola lift
*** Bi ...
connects the centre of Bolzano with Oberbozen-Soprabolzano and the community of
Ritten. In 2009 the Italian manufacturer Leitner replaced the old cable car with a new modern
3S system. Although the so-called "Rittner Seilbahn" primarily serves the tourist market, it also provides an important transit link for the residents of Renon. The cable car system, which can carry up to 726 persons per hour, is the first tricable gondola lift in Italy.
File:A90523cabinaRenonAaa.jpg, Cable car Ritten
File:BozenBahnhof05.jpg, Bolzano railway station
Bolzano/Bozen railway station ( it, Stazione di Bolzano, german: Bozen Bahnhof) is the main station of Bolzano/Bozen, capital of the autonomous province of Alto Adige/Südtirol, in northeastern Italy.
The station was opened in 1859 by the Austr ...
File:Bozen 1 (278).JPG, Bolzano Airport
Sport
The town is host to an annual
road running competition – the
BOclassic
The BOclassic is an annual road running competition over the distance of 10 kilometres for men and 5 kilometres for women. It is held on New Year's Eve in Bolzano, Italy. The competition has only elite races, competed between a limited number of ...
– which features an elite men's 10K and women's 5K races. The event, first held in 1975, takes place on
New Year's Eve
In the Gregorian calendar, New Year's Eve, also known as Old Year's Day or Saint Sylvester's Day in many countries, is the evening or the entire day of the last day of the year, on 31 December. The last day of the year is commonly referred to ...
and is broadcast live on television by
Rai Sport Più
Rai Sport is an Italian sports TV channel, launched in 1999 by the state-owned RAI television network. It broadcast Italian and international sports events in Italy on DTT channel 146 on ''Rai Mux B''. It is also available on Sky Italia.
On 18 ...
.
Bolzano is also the host city to the Giro delle Dolomiti annual road bike event.
Local teams
;Football
*
F.C. Südtirol
*
A.C. Virtus Bolzano
*
Bozner F.C.
*
F.C. Neugries
FC may refer to:
Businesses, organisations, and schools
* Fergusson College, a science and arts college in Pune, India
* Finncomm Airlines (IATA code)
* FranklinCovey company, NYSE stock symbol FC
* Frontier Corps, a paramilitary force in Pakist ...
*
F.C. Bolzano 1996
*
Virtus Don Bosco
''Virtus'' () was a specific virtue in Ancient Rome. It carries connotations of valor, manliness, excellence, courage, character, and worth, perceived as masculine strengths (from Latin ''vir'', "man"). It was thus a frequently stated virtue o ...
;Handball
*
Loacker Bozen Handball
Loacker S.p.A. (in German Loacker AG) is an Italian confectionery company, based in South Tyrol, Italy and specialized in the production of wafers, chocolate and derivative products.
History
The company was founded in 1925 in the historic city ...
Handball
Handball (also known as team handball, European handball or Olympic handball) is a team sport in which two teams of seven players each (six outcourt players and a goalkeeper) pass a ball using their hands with the aim of throwing it into the g ...
A-Elite Liga
;Ice hockey
*
EV Bozen 96 plays in
Serie A2
*
HC Bolzano Bozen Foxes plays in
Serie A1 and the
EBEL League, winning the EBEL title in their Debut year 2014
;Rugby
*
Sudtirolo Rugby Cavaliers
it, Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano – Alto Adige lld, Provinzia Autonoma de Balsan/Bulsan – Südtirol
, settlement_type = Autonomous area, Autonomous Provinces of Italy, province
, image_skyline = ...
The Cavaliers play in the Italian Serie C
;American football
*
Giants Bolzano
A giant is a being of human appearance, sometimes of prodigious size and strength, common in folklore.
Giant(s) or The Giant(s) may also refer to:
Mythology and religion
*Giants (Greek mythology)
*Jötunn, a Germanic term often translated as 'gi ...
The Giants plays in IFL (Italian Football League), the first league of the FIDAF
;Softball and baseball
* Adler
* Pool 77
* Softball Club Dolomiti
;Fistball
*
SSV Bozen plays in the FBL (Austrian Fistball League), the first Austrian league.
Notable people
Notable people born in or associated with Bolzano include:
* Blessed
Henry of Treviso
Henry of Treviso (german: Heinrich von Bozen; it, italic=yes, Arrigo nricoda Bolzano) (died 1315), also known as Henry of Bolzano or Blessed Rigo, was a lay pilgrim and holy man, a German from Bolzano (Bozen), who established himself in Treviso ...
(died 1315), a lay pilgrim and holy man, a German from Bolzano
;18th C
*
Joseph Tiefenthaler (1710–1785), a Jesuit missionary who wrote about India
*
Johann Nepomuk von Tschiderer zu Gleifheim
Johann Nepomuk von Tschiderer zu Gleifheim (15 April 1777 - 3 December 1860) was an Austrian- Italian Roman Catholic prelate and the Bishop of Trent from 1834 until his death. He was born to Austrians but was considered to be an Austro-Italian due ...
(1777–1860), Prince-Bishop of Trent
*
Archduke Rainer Joseph of Austria (1783–1853), Viceroy of Lombardy-Venetia
*
Jacob Anton Zallinger zum Thurn
Jacob Anton Zallinger zum Thurn (born in Bolzano, 26 July 1735 – died there, 11 January 1813) was a philosopher and canonist .
Biography
Zallinger studied at Innsbruck and Munich, and entered the Jesuit order at Landsberg am Lech on 9 Octobe ...
(1735–1813), philosopher and canonist
* Annette of Menz (1796–1869), in 1811 she was the richest heiress in Bolzano
;19th C
*
Daniel Harrwitz (1821 – 1884 in Bolzano), German chess master
*
Heinrich Anton of Austria
Archduke Heinrich Anton of Austria (Heinrich Anton Maria Rainer Karl Gregor), (May 9, 1828, Milan – November 30, 1891, Vienna) was an Archduke of Austria and Lieutenant field marshal.
Biography
Ernst was the fifth son of the viceroy Archduke Rai ...
(1828-1891), Archduke of Austria
*
Anton Ausserer
Anton Ausserer (5 July 184320 July 1889)Maurer, Ferdinand: ''Nachruf an Dr. Anton Ausserer.'' Programm des kk. acad. Gymnasiums in Grätz. Graz 1890 was an Austrian naturalist specialising in spiders.Bonnet, Pierre: Bibliographia aranearum, Les ...
(1843–1889), naturalist and
arachnologist
*
Alois Riehl
Alois Adolf Riehl (; 27 April 1844 – 21 November 1924) was an Austrian neo-Kantian philosopher. He was born in Bozen (Bolzano) in the Austrian Empire (now in Italy). He was the brother of .
Biography
Riehl studied at Vienna, Munich, Innsbruck ...
(1844–1924), neo-Kantian philosopher
*
Julius Perathoner (1849–1926), last mayor of Bolzano of German ethnicity, 1895-1922
*
Alois Delug (1859–1930), painter and a professor at the
Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna; rejected Adolf Hitler's application to join the academy.
*
Ludwig Thuille (1861–1907), composer, teacher and music theorist
*
Prince Carlos of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (1870–1949), member of the Spanish Royal family
* Karl Theodor Hoeniger (1881–1970), author and cultural historian
*
Ressel Orla
Ressel Orla (born Theres Anna Ochs; 18 May 1889 – 23 July 1931) was an Austrian stage and film actress. She appeared in some of Fritz Lang's earliest films.
Selected filmography
* '' The Firm Gets Married'' (1914)
* '' The Queen's Secretary'' ...
(1889–1931), actress, appeared in some of
Fritz Lang's earliest films
*
Max Valier (1895–1930), rocketry pioneer, astronomer and writer
* Christian Hess (1895–1944), painter and sculptor
;20th C
*
Josef Mayr-Nusser
Josef Mayr-Nusser (27 December 1910 – 24 February 1945) was an Italian Roman Catholic who served as the President of the Saint Vincent de Paul Conference of the Bolzano division as well as a member of Catholic Action. He is known best for refus ...
(1910–1945), South Tyrolean leader of the resistance against Nazi rule
*
Maria Luise Thurmair (1912–2005), a Catholic theologian, hymnodist and writer
*
Carlo Maria Giulini
Carlo Maria Giulini (; 9 May 1914 – 14 June 2005) was an Italian conductor.
From the age of five, when he began to play the violin, Giulini's musical education was expanded when he began to study at Italy's foremost conservatory, the Conserva ...
(1914–2005), conductor
*
Silvius Magnago (1914-2010), lawyer and politician
*
Maria Gardena
Maria Gardena (born Herthilde Gabloner; 1920 – 2008) was an Italian film actress and later architect.
Herthilde Gabloner was the daughter of sculptor Ignaz Gabloner and studied architecture in Rome. During those years had a brief acting car ...
(1920–2008) film actress and later architect
* Alcide Berloffa (1922-2011), politician
*
Valentin Braitenberg (1926-2011), brain researcher,
cyberneticist and writer
*
Dorian Gray (1928-2011), actress
*
Herbert Rosendorfer (1934–2012), German jurist and writer
*
Giuseppe Anfossi (born 1935), bishop emeritus of the
Roman Catholic Diocese of Aosta
french: Diocèse d'Aoste
, image = Aosta Cattedrale.JPG
, image_size = 255px
, image_alt = Facade of Cathedral of Aosta
, caption = Aosta Cathedral
, country = Italy
, metropolitan =
, ...
1994 to 2011.
*
Adolf Dallapozza (born 1940), tenor in opera, operetta and musical theatre at the
Vienna Volksoper
*
Ottavia Piccolo
Ottavia Piccolo (born 9 October 1949) is an Italian actress.
Biography
Born in Bolzano, Piccolo began her acting debut in the stage adaption of ''The Miracle Worker'' at the age of 11 under the direction of Luigi Squarzina. She has also appeare ...
(born 1949), theatre and film actress
*
Matteo Thun (born 1952), an architect and designer
*
Andrea Bonatta (born 1952), pianist and conductor
*
Franz Fischnaller (born 1954), new media artist and transdisciplinary researcher
*
Cuno Tarfusser (born 1954), former judge of the International Criminal Court
*
Lilli Gruber
Dietlinde "Lilli" Gruber (born 19 April 1957) is an Italian journalist and former politician.
Currently a talk show host for Italian private television channel La7, Gruber also served as Member of the European Parliament from 2004 to September ...
(born 1957), journalist, former politician and TV talk show host
*
Marco Bergamo (1966-2017) ''the Monster of Bolzano'', an Italian serial killer
*
Sergio Azzolini (born 1967) bassoonist and music conductor
*
Anna Unterberger
Anna Unterberger (born 23 September 1985) is an Italian actress from Bozen.
Life
While Anna was a child, her Danish mother worked in theatre with disabled people. By the time she was in high school she knew she wanted to be an actress. After fi ...
(born 1985) actress
IMDb Database
retrieved 22 June 2019
;Sport
* Paula Wiesinger
Paula (Paola) Rosa Wiesinger later Steger (27 February 1907 – 12 June 2001) was a pioneering Italian alpine skier and mountain climber who competed at one edition of Winter Olympics and three editions of the FIS Alpine World Ski Championship ...
(1907-2001), mountaineer, ski racer and restaurateur
* Erika Lechner
Erika Lechner (sometimes listed as Erica Lechner, born 28 May 1947 in Bolzano) is an Italian luger who competed during the late 1960s and early 1970s. At the 1968 Winter Olympics in Grenoble, she originally finished third in the women's singles ...
(born 1947), luger, medallist at the 1968 Winter Olympics
The 1968 Winter Olympics, officially known as the X Olympic Winter Games (french: Les Xes Jeux olympiques d'hiver), were a winter multi-sport event held from 6 to 18 February 1968 in Grenoble, France. Thirty-seven countries participated. Frenchm ...
* Hans Kammerlander (born 1956), mountaineer
* Antonella Bellutti (born 1968), racing cyclist and two-time Olympic champion in track cycling
* Gerda Weissensteiner (born 1969), luger and bobsleigh pilot, competed in six Winter Olympics, gold medallist in the women's singles luge at the 1994 Winter Olympics
The 1994 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XVII Olympic Winter Games ( no, De 17. olympiske vinterleker; nn, Dei 17. olympiske vinterleikane) and commonly known as Lillehammer '94, was an international winter multi-sport event held fro ...
and bronze medallist in the two-woman bobsleigh at the 2006 Winter Olympics
The 2006 Winter Olympics, officially the XX Olympic Winter Games ( it, XX Giochi olimpici invernali) and also known as Torino 2006, were a winter multi-sport event held from 10 to 26 February 2006 in Turin, Italy. This marked the second t ...
* Ylenia Scapin (born 1975), judoka, won two Olympic medals in different weight classes in 1996 and 2000.
* Isolde Kostner
Isolde Kostner (born 20 March 1975) is an Italian former Alpine skier who won two bronze medals at the 1994 Winter Olympics and a silver medal at the 2002 Winter Olympics. She was the Italian flag bearer at the opening ceremony of the 2002 Olym ...
(born 1975), Alpine skier, two bronze medals at the 1994 Winter Olympics
The 1994 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XVII Olympic Winter Games ( no, De 17. olympiske vinterleker; nn, Dei 17. olympiske vinterleikane) and commonly known as Lillehammer '94, was an international winter multi-sport event held fro ...
and a silver medal at the 2002 Winter Olympics
The 2002 Winter Olympics, officially the XIX Olympic Winter Games and commonly known as Salt Lake 2002 ( arp, Niico'ooowu' 2002; Gosiute Shoshoni: ''Tit'-so-pi 2002''; nv, Sooléí 2002; Shoshoni: ''Soónkahni 2002''), was an internation ...
* Karen Putzer (born 1978), former alpine skier, bronze medallist at the 2002 Winter Olympics
The 2002 Winter Olympics, officially the XIX Olympic Winter Games and commonly known as Salt Lake 2002 ( arp, Niico'ooowu' 2002; Gosiute Shoshoni: ''Tit'-so-pi 2002''; nv, Sooléí 2002; Shoshoni: ''Soónkahni 2002''), was an internation ...
* Andreas Seppi (born 1984), tennis player, has reached a career-high singles ranking of World Nr. 18.
* Tania Cagnotto (born 1985), world and European champion in diving, Olympic bronze and silver medallist
* Carolina Kostner (born 1987), figure skater, World Champion and Olympic bronze medalist
* Raphael Andergassen
Raphael Andergassen (born 16 June 1993) is an Italian ice hockey player for HC Pustertal Wölfe in the ICE Hockey League (ICEHL) and the Italian national team.
He participated at the 2017 IIHF World Championship
The 2017 IIHF World Championsh ...
(born 1993), ice hockey player
* Alex Trivellato
Alex Trivellato (born 5 January 1993 in Bolzano) is an Italian professional ice hockey defenceman. He is currently playing for Schwenninger Wild Wings of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL).
Playing career
Trivellato spent the 2015-16 DEL season, ...
(born 1993), ice hockey player
* Peter Hochkofler
Peter Hochkofler (born 4 October 1994) is an Italian professional ice hockey player currently playing for EC Red Bull Salzburg in the ICE Hockey League (ICEHL) and the Italian national team.
He represented Italy at the 2019 IIHF World Championsh ...
(born 1994), ice hockey player
International relations
Twin towns – sister cities
Bolzano is twinned
Twinning (making a twin of) may refer to:
* In biology and agriculture, producing two offspring (i.e., twins) at a time, or having a tendency to do so;
* Twin towns and sister cities, towns and cities involved in town twinning
* Twinning inst ...
with:
See also
* History of South Tyrol
* Italianization of South Tyrol
* Jacob Anton Zallinger zum Thurn
Jacob Anton Zallinger zum Thurn (born in Bolzano, 26 July 1735 – died there, 11 January 1813) was a philosopher and canonist .
Biography
Zallinger studied at Innsbruck and Munich, and entered the Jesuit order at Landsberg am Lech on 9 Octobe ...
* Radio Tandem
* Tyrol
* Bozner Blutsonntag
Bozner Blutsonntag (German for Bozen Bloody Sunday) refers to the events of 24 April 1921 in Bozen (Italian Bolzano). It was the first climax of fascist violence in South Tyrol, a German-speaking province that was annexed by Italy after Worl ...
References
Bibliography
External links
Bolzano City Hall Official website
(in Italian and German)
Bolzano Tourist Board Official website
{{Authority control
Bolzano