B-cell lymphoma 3-encoded protein is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respo ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''BCL3''
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a ba ...
.
This gene is a proto-
oncogene
An oncogene is a gene that has the potential to cause cancer. In tumor cells, these genes are often mutated, or expressed at high levels. candidate. It is identified by its translocation into the
immunoglobulin
An antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large, Y-shaped protein used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses. The antibody recognizes a unique molecule of the ...
alpha-
locus
Locus (plural loci) is Latin for "place". It may refer to:
Entertainment
* Locus (comics), a Marvel Comics mutant villainess, a member of the Mutant Liberation Front
* ''Locus'' (magazine), science fiction and fantasy magazine
** ''Locus Award' ...
in some cases of
B-cell leukemia
A B-cell leukemia is any of several types of lymphoid leukemia which affect B cells.
Types include (with ICD-O code):
* 9823/3 - B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma
* 9826/3 - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, mature B-ce ...
. The protein encoded by this gene contains seven
ankyrin repeat
The ankyrin repeat is a 33-residue motif in proteins consisting of two alpha helices separated by loops, first discovered in signaling proteins in yeast Cdc10 and ''Drosophila'' Notch. Domains consisting of ankyrin tandem repeats mediate prot ...
s, which are most closely related to those found in
I kappa B proteins. This protein functions as a transcriptional
coactivator
A coactivator is a type of transcriptional coregulator that binds to an activator (a transcription factor) to increase the rate of transcription of a gene or set of genes. The activator contains a DNA binding domain that binds either to a DNA ...
that activates through its association with
NF-kappa B homodimers. The expression of this gene can be induced by NF-kappa B, which forms a part of the autoregulatory loop that controls the nuclear residence of
p50 NF-kappa B.
Like
BCL2
Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2), encoded in humans by the ''BCL2'' gene, is the founding member of the Bcl-2 family of regulator proteins that regulate cell death ( apoptosis), by either inhibiting (anti-apoptotic) or inducing (pro-apoptotic) apoptosis ...
, BCL5,
BCL6, BCL7A,
BCL9
B-cell CLL/lymphoma 9 protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''BCL9'' gene.
Function
BCL9, together with its paralogue gene BCL9L (BCL9 like or BCL9.2), have been extensively studied for their role as transcriptional beta-cateni ...
, and
BCL10
B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''BCL10'' gene. Like BCL2, BCL3, BCL5, BCL6, BCL7A, and BCL9, it has clinical significance in lymphoma.
Function
Bcl10 was identified by its translocation in a case of ...
, it has clinical significance in
lymphoma
Lymphoma is a group of blood and lymph tumors that develop from lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell). In current usage the name usually refers to just the cancerous versions rather than all such tumours. Signs and symptoms may include enlar ...
.
Interactions
BCL3 has been shown to
interact
Advocates for Informed Choice, dba interACT or interACT Advocates for Intersex Youth, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization using innovative strategies to advocate for the legal and human rights of children with intersex traits. The organizati ...
with:
*
BARD1
BRCA1-associated RING domain protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''BARD1'' gene. The human BARD1 protein is 777 amino acids long and contains a RING finger domain (residues 46-90), four ankyrin repeats (residues 420-555), and ...
,
[
* C-Fos,][
* ]C-jun
Transcription factor Jun is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''JUN'' gene. c-Jun, in combination with protein c-Fos, forms the AP-1 early response transcription factor. It was first identified as the Fos-binding protein p39 and only lat ...
,[
* ]C22orf25
Transport and golgi organization 2 homolog (TANGO2) also known as chromosome 22 open reading frame 25 (C22orf25) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TANGO2 gene.
The function of C22orf25 is not currently known. It is characterized by ...
,
* COPS5,[
* EP300,]HTATIP
Histone acetyltransferase KAT5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''KAT5'' gene. It is also commonly identified as TIP60.
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the MYST family of histone acetyl transferases (HATs) and was origina ...
,[
* ]NFKB1
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''NFKB1'' gene.
This gene encodes a 105 kD protein which can undergo cotranslational processing by the 26S proteasome to produce a 50 kD protein. The 105 kD prot ...
,NFKB2
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''NFKB2'' gene.
Function
NF-κB has been detected in numerous cell types that express cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, cell adhesion molecules, and some ...
,
Clinical significance
Genetic variations in ''BCL3'' gene have been associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. β-amyloid
Amyloid beta (Aβ or Abeta) denotes peptides of 36–43 amino acids that are the main component of the amyloid plaques found in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease. The peptides derive from the amyloid precursor protein (APP), which ...
accumulation in neurons of Alzheimer's patients results in activation of NF-κB
Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) is a protein complex that controls transcription of DNA, cytokine production and cell survival. NF-κB is found in almost all animal cell types and is involved in cellular ...
, which induces ''BCL3'' expression. Increased expression of ''BCL3'' has been observed in the brains of patients with LOAD.
References
Further reading
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External links
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{{PDB Gallery, geneid=602