Agno River
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The Agno River, or Pangasinan River, is a river in the island of
Luzon Luzon (; ) is the largest and most populous island in the Philippines. Located in the northern portion of the Philippines archipelago, it is the economic and political center of the nation, being home to the country's capital city, Manila, as ...
, in the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
. Traversing the provinces of
Baguio Baguio ( , ), officially the City of Baguio ( ilo, Siudad ti Baguio; fil, Lungsod ng Baguio), is a 1st class highly urbanized city in the Cordillera Administrative Region, Philippines. It is known as the "Summer Capital of the Philippines", ...
and Pangasinan, it is one of the largest
river system In geomorphology, drainage systems, also known as river systems, are the patterns formed by the streams, rivers, and lakes in a particular drainage basin. They are governed by the topography of land, whether a particular region is dominated by har ...
s in the country, with a
drainage area A drainage basin is an area of land where all flowing surface water converges to a single point, such as a river mouth, or flows into another body of water, such as a lake or ocean. A basin is separated from adjacent basins by a perimeter, t ...
of . The river originates in the Cordillera Mountains and empties into the
South China Sea The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean. It is bounded in the north by the shores of South China (hence the name), in the west by the Indochinese Peninsula, in the east by the islands of Taiwan and northwestern Phil ...
via the Lingayen Gulf. The river is long, making it the sixth longest river in the country. Roughly two million people live in the Agno River Valley, and it comprises one of Philippines' larger population clusters. The river is
dam A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of surface water or underground streams. Reservoirs created by dams not only suppress floods but also provide water for activities such as irrigation, human consumption, industrial use ...
med by three
hydroelectric power plants Hydroelectricity, or hydroelectric power, is electricity generated from hydropower (water power). Hydropower supplies one sixth of the world's electricity, almost 4500 TWh in 2020, which is more than all other renewable sources combined and ...
: the
Ambuklao Dam Ambuklao Dam is part of a hydroelectric facility in Baragay Ambuclao, Bokod, Benguet province in the Philippines. With a maximum water storage capacity of , the facility, which is located from Baguio city, can produce up to 105 megawatts of ele ...
in Bokod, the
Binga Dam Binga Dam is a dam in Agno River connected to a hydroelectric power plant situated at Barrio Binga, Barangay Tinongdan in the municipality of Itogon in Benguet province of the Philippines. The dam was constructed in August 1956 and opened in Ma ...
in
Itogon Itogon, officially the Municipality of Itogon, ( ilo, Ili ti Itogon; tl, Bayan ng Itogon), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Benguet, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 61,498 people. The largest mun ...
, and the San Roque Dam in San Manuel.


Geography

The Agno River is the main drainage system of the area and has a
catchment area In human geography, a catchment area is the area from which a location, such as a city, service or institution, attracts a population that uses its services and economic opportunities. Catchment areas may be defined based on from where people are ...
of . It is the third largest river in Luzon (next to
Cagayan River The Cagayan River, also known as the Río Grande de Cagayán, is the longest river and the largest river by discharge volume of water in the Philippines. It has a total length of approximately and a drainage basin covering . It is located in t ...
and
Pampanga River The Pampanga River is the second largest river on the island of Luzon in the Philippines (next to Cagayan River) and the country's fifth longest river. It is in the Central Luzon region and traverses the provinces of Pampanga, Bulacan, and Nueva ...
) and the fifth largest river in the Philippines. The Agno is the largest Philippine river in terms of
water discharge In hydrology, discharge is the volumetric flow rate of water that is transported through a given cross-sectional area. It includes any suspended solids (e.g. sediment), dissolved chemicals (e.g. CaCO3(aq)), or biologic material (e.g. diatoms) in ad ...
, draining around 6.6 cubic kilometers of fresh water into Lingayen Gulf, or almost 70% of the total fresh water input into the gulf. The
headwaters The headwaters of a river or stream is the farthest place in that river or stream from its estuary or downstream confluence with another river, as measured along the course of the river. It is also known as a river's source. Definition The ...
of Agno River are at the slopes of
Mount Data Mount Data is a mountain located in the Cordillera Central mountain range rising to a height of in the north of Luzon Island, Philippines. It is about north of Baguio on the borders of the provinces of Benguet and Mountain Province along the ...
in the Cordillera Mountains at an elevation of , where it drains
Cretaceous The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era, as well as the longest. At around 79 million years, it is the longest geological period of th ...
to
Paleocene The Paleocene, ( ) or Palaeocene, is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 66 to 56 mya (unit), million years ago (mya). It is the first epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), E ...
igneous Igneous rock (derived from the Latin word ''ignis'' meaning fire), or magmatic rock, is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic. Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or ...
basement rock In geology, basement and crystalline basement are crystalline rocks lying above the mantle and beneath all other rocks and sediments. They are sometimes exposed at the surface, but often they are buried under miles of rock and sediment. The baseme ...
s, and marine
siliciclastic Siliciclastic (or ''siliclastic'') rocks are clastic noncarbonate sedimentary rocks that are composed primarily of silicate minerals, such as quartz or clay minerals. Siliciclasic rock types include mudrock, sandstone, and conglomerate Conglomera ...
and
carbonate rock Carbonate rocks are a class of sedimentary rocks composed primarily of carbonate minerals. The two major types are limestone, which is composed of calcite or aragonite (different crystal forms of CaCO3), and dolomite rock (also known as dolosto ...
s. Of its total length, about runs through mountainous terrain and
canyon A canyon (from ; archaic British English spelling: ''cañon''), or gorge, is a deep cleft between escarpments or cliffs resulting from weathering and the erosion, erosive activity of a river over geologic time scales. Rivers have a natural tenden ...
s. As the river descends following a southerly course, it exhibits a
braided channel A braided river, or braided channel, consists of a network of river channel (geography), channels separated by small, often temporary, islands called braid bars or, in English usage, ''aits'' or ''eyots''. Braided streams tend to occur in rivers ...
pattern. It then transforms into a southwest-directed meandering river as it crosses the Central Luzon Plain. From its
confluence In geography, a confluence (also: ''conflux'') occurs where two or more flowing bodies of water join to form a single channel. A confluence can occur in several configurations: at the point where a tributary joins a larger river (main stem); o ...
with the Tarlac River emanating from the south, the Agno River then veers northward while draining the eastern flanks of the
Zambales Mountains The Zambales Mountains is a mountain range on western Luzon island in the Philippines. The mountains separate Luzon's central plain from the South China Sea. Its most prominent section is known as the Cabusilan Mountain Range composed of Mount ...
. The Agno's principal
tributaries A tributary, or affluent, is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream or main stem (or parent) river or a lake. A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean. Tributaries and the main stem river drain the surrounding drainage b ...
include the Pila, Camiling,
Tarlac Tarlac, officially the Province of Tarlac ( pam, Lalawigan ning Tarlac; pag, Luyag/Probinsia na Tarlac; ilo, Probinsia ti Tarlac; tgl, Lalawigan ng Tarlac; ), is a landlocked province in the Philippines located in the Central Luzon region. It ...
and Ambayoan Rivers. The main branch of the Agno River is Tarlac River which originates from
Mount Pinatubo Mount Pinatubo is an active stratovolcano in the Zambales Mountains, located on the tripoint boundary of the Philippine provinces of Zambales, Tarlac and Pampanga, all in Central Luzon on the northern island of Luzon. Its eruptive history w ...
(elevation ) in
Tarlac Tarlac, officially the Province of Tarlac ( pam, Lalawigan ning Tarlac; pag, Luyag/Probinsia na Tarlac; ilo, Probinsia ti Tarlac; tgl, Lalawigan ng Tarlac; ), is a landlocked province in the Philippines located in the Central Luzon region. It ...
and joins the Agno River at Poponto Swamp near
Bayambang Bayambang, officially the Municipality of Bayambang ( pag, Baley na Bayambang; ilo, Ili ti Bayambang; tgl, Bayan ng Bayambang), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census it has a popul ...
. The swamp has an area of about and temporarily retains flood waters from Tarlac River. After passing through mountains at an average elevation of some ASL, the Agno River forms a vast
alluvial fan An alluvial fan is an accumulation of sediments that fans outwards from a concentrated source of sediments, such as a narrow canyon emerging from an escarpment. They are characteristic of mountainous terrain in arid to semiarid climates, but a ...
and
delta Delta commonly refers to: * Delta (letter) (Δ or δ), a letter of the Greek alphabet * River delta, at a river mouth * D ( NATO phonetic alphabet: "Delta") * Delta Air Lines, US * Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19 Delta may also ...
called the Pangasinan Plain, a historically vital economic hub on Luzon Island. A number of faults of local and regional significance cut across the river. Joint systems are also found in the area. These faults and joints reduce the rock strength and rock coherence through which water could pass or slippage could occur. The
Philippine Fault System The Philippine Fault System is a major inter-related system of geological faults throughout the whole of the Philippine Archipelago, primarily caused by tectonic forces compressing the Philippines into what geophysicists call the Philippine Mobil ...
, including the Digdig Fault, which has been assessed as the causative fault of the July 16
1990 Luzon earthquake The 1990 Luzon earthquake struck the island of Luzon in the Philippines at 4:26 p.m. on July 16 ( PDT) or 3:26 p.m. ( PST) with an estimated moment magnitude of 7.7 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (''Violent'') and produced a 1 ...
, and the San Manuel Fault, Bulangit Fault and the San Roque Fault are some of the major fault lines crossing the river. The river's headwaters and upstream basin in the Cordillera Central range are designated conservation areas that lie within the Mount Data National Park, the
Upper Agno River Basin Resource Reserve The Upper Agno River Basin Resource Reserve is a list of protected areas of the Philippines, protected area located on the southeast flank of the Cordillera Central (Luzon), Cordillera Central in the Philippine province of Benguet along its border ...
and the
Lower Agno Watershed Forest Reserve The Lower Agno Watershed Forest Reserve is a Philippine protected area that straddles the Cordillera and Ilocos regions encompassing land from the provinces of Benguet and Pangasinan. Operated by the Lower Agno WFR Protected Area Management Boar ...
.


Flora and fauna

Spanish explorers who documented the catchment area of the river in the 16th century say the mouth of the Agno was an extensive
marshland A marsh is a wetland that is dominated by herbaceous rather than woody plant species.Keddy, P.A. 2010. Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 497 p Marshes can often be found at ...
with rich
alluvial soil Alluvium (from Latin ''alluvius'', from ''alluere'' 'to wash against') is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. Alluv ...
. It was thickly covered with
mangrove A mangrove is a shrub or tree that grows in coastal saline water, saline or brackish water. The term is also used for tropical coastal vegetation consisting of such species. Mangroves are taxonomically diverse, as a result of convergent evoluti ...
and
nipa palm ''Nypa fruticans'', commonly known as the nipa palm (or simply nipa, from ms, nipah) or mangrove palm, is a species of palm native to the coastlines and estuarine habitats of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the only palm considered adapte ...
trees which served as habitat to many marshland wildlife species. But the catchment area is now severely
deforested Deforestation or forest clearance is the removal of a forest or stand of trees from land that is then converted to non-forest use. Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms, ranches, or urban use. The most concentrated d ...
.
Primary forest An old-growth forestalso termed primary forest, virgin forest, late seral forest, primeval forest, or first-growth forestis a forest that has attained great age without significant disturbance, and thereby exhibits unique ecological featur ...
has almost completely disappeared apart from a few areas above
ASL American Sign Language (ASL) is a natural language that serves as the predominant sign language of Deaf communities in the United States of America and most of Anglophone Canada. ASL is a complete and organized visual language that is express ...
. The forests have been replaced by
grassland A grassland is an area where the vegetation is dominated by grasses (Poaceae). However, sedge (Cyperaceae) and rush (Juncaceae) can also be found along with variable proportions of legumes, like clover, and other herbs. Grasslands occur natur ...
and riceland.


Flooding

Since the Agno River basin is characterized by mountainous topography, the Ambuklao water reservoir was built to keep it from gushing down and causing devastating effects on the lower levels of the river, the flood runoff estimated annually at about 6,654 million cubic meters reaches the plain in several hours in the
river mouth A river mouth is where a river flows into a larger body of water, such as another river, a lake/reservoir, a bay/gulf, a sea, or an ocean. At the river mouth, sediments are often deposited due to the slowing of the current reducing the carrying ...
in about a day. Average annual rainfall varies from in the neighborhood of Tarlac to in the upper reaches of the Agno River. The Pangasinan Plain suffers from recurrent and destructive floods. The catastrophic floods of July–August 1972, May 1976, and September 2009
inundated A flood is an overflow of water ( or rarely other fluids) that submerges land that is usually dry. In the sense of "flowing water", the word may also be applied to the inflow of the tide. Floods are an area of study of the discipline hydrolog ...
the entire Pangasinan Plain, including the
floodplains A floodplain or flood plain or bottomlands is an area of land adjacent to a river which stretches from the banks of its channel to the base of the enclosing valley walls, and which experiences flooding during periods of high discharge.Goudi ...
of the Tarlac River. The
PAGASA Pagasa may refer to: * ''Pagasa'' (genus), an insect genus in the family Nabidae * PAGASA, an acronym for the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration *"May Pagasa", a pen-name of José Rizal José Prot ...
, the national weather bureau, has established a flood monitoring and warning center in Pangasinan.


People

The Agno traverses several towns in Benguet province where some 35,000 indigenous
Ibaloi The Ibaloi (also spelled Ibaloy; Ibaloi: ''ivadoy'', ) are an indigenous ethnic group found in Benguet Province of the northern Philippines. ''Ibaloi'' is derived from ''i-'', a prefix signifying "pertaining to" and ''badoy'' or house, together ...
, Kankanaey and Kalanguya people live. The
Ibaloi people The Ibaloi (also spelled Ibaloy; Ibaloi: ''ivadoy'', ) are an indigenous ethnic group found in Benguet Province of the northern Philippines. ''Ibaloi'' is derived from ''i-'', a prefix signifying "pertaining to" and ''badoy'' or house, togethe ...
of Benguet regard the river as sacred because it gives life.
Barangay A barangay (; abbreviated as Brgy. or Bgy.), historically referred to as barrio (abbreviated as Bo.), is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a village, district, or ward. In metropolitan ...
Dalupirip, Itogon in Benguet province is held sacred by its people. Portions of the land serve as the burial grounds of their ancestors. The place holds great historical value and is considered one of the remaining seats of Ibaloi culture. Archaeological sites were discovered at Sitio Camanggaan, Barangay San Roque in San Manuel, Pangasinan and in surrounding areas. Yields consisted of tradeware and earthenware shards and
Palaeolithic The Paleolithic or Palaeolithic (), also called the Old Stone Age (from Greek: παλαιός ''palaios'', "old" and λίθος ''lithos'', "stone"), is a period in human prehistory that is distinguished by the original development of stone too ...
and
Neolithic The Neolithic period, or New Stone Age, is an Old World archaeological period and the final division of the Stone Age. It saw the Neolithic Revolution, a wide-ranging set of developments that appear to have arisen independently in several parts ...
stone tool A stone tool is, in the most general sense, any tool made either partially or entirely out of stone. Although stone tool-dependent societies and cultures still exist today, most stone tools are associated with prehistoric (particularly Stone Ag ...
s.


Economic importance

Gold panning Gold panning, or simply ''panning'', is a form of placer mining and traditional mining that extracts gold from a placer deposit using a pan. The process is one of the simplest ways to extract gold, and is popular with geology enthusiasts especi ...
was common along the river, with gold found along the river from
Kabayan, Benguet Kabayan, officially the Municipality of Kabayan ( ilo, Ili ti Kabayan; tl, Bayan ng Kabayan), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Benguet, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 15,806 people. Kabayan is the ...
, to
San Manuel, Pangasinan San Manuel, officially the Municipality of San Manuel ( pag, Baley na San Manuel; ilo, Ili ti San Manuel; tgl, Bayan ng San Manuel), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a p ...
, and along its tributaries in
Tublay, Benguet Tublay, officially the Municipality of Tublay ( ilo, Ili ti Tublay; tl, Bayan ng Tublay), is a 5th class municipality in the province of Benguet, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 19,429 people. History Tublay ...
, and
Bokod, Benguet Bokod, officially the Municipality of Bokod, ( ilo, Ili ti Bokod; tl, Bayan ng Bokod), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Benguet, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 14,435 people. History Pre-colo ...
. The river has three
hydroelectric plant Hydroelectricity, or hydroelectric power, is electricity generated from hydropower (water power). Hydropower supplies one sixth of the world's electricity, almost 4500 TWh in 2020, which is more than all other renewable sources combined an ...
s:
Binga Dam Binga Dam is a dam in Agno River connected to a hydroelectric power plant situated at Barrio Binga, Barangay Tinongdan in the municipality of Itogon in Benguet province of the Philippines. The dam was constructed in August 1956 and opened in Ma ...
in Itogon, Benguet ( upstream);
Ambuklao Dam Ambuklao Dam is part of a hydroelectric facility in Baragay Ambuclao, Bokod, Benguet province in the Philippines. With a maximum water storage capacity of , the facility, which is located from Baguio city, can produce up to 105 megawatts of ele ...
in Bokod, Benguet ( upstream) and the San Roque Dam in San Manuel, Pangasinan. Binga has been operational since 1960 and Ambuklao since 1956. There are several
mining Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the Earth, usually from an ore body, lode, vein, seam, reef, or placer deposit. The exploitation of these deposits for raw material is based on the economic via ...
concessions in the upper reaches of the river. The government has also established the Agno River irrigation system to provide
irrigation Irrigation (also referred to as watering) is the practice of applying controlled amounts of water to land to help grow Crop, crops, Landscape plant, landscape plants, and Lawn, lawns. Irrigation has been a key aspect of agriculture for over 5,00 ...
water to some 60 to 100 square kilometers of ricelands in Pangasinan.


Crossings

This is listed from mouth to source. # Domalandan Bridge (Lingayen–Labrador Road,
Lingayen Lingayen, officially the Municipality of Lingayen ( pag, Baley na Lingayen; ilo, Ili ti Lingayen; tgl, Bayan ng Lingayen), is a 1st class municipality and capital of the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has ...
) # Bugallon Bridge (, Bugallon) # Bocboc Bridge (Gallego Street, AguilarSan Carlos boundary) # Mangatarem–Urbiztondo Road (
Mangatarem, Pangasinan Mangatarem, officially the Municipality of Mangatarem ( pag, Baley na Mangatarem; ilo, Ili ti Mangatarem; tgl, Bayan ng Mangatarem), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a p ...
Urbiztondo, Pangasinan Urbiztondo, officially the Municipality of Urbiztondo ( pag, Baley na Urbiztondo; ilo, Ili ti Urbiztondo; tgl, Bayan ng Urbiztondo), is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a ...
boundary) # President Carlos P. Romulo Bridge (Camiling–Malasiqui–Santa Barbara Rd, Bayambang–
Camiling, Tarlac Camiling, officially the Municipality of Camiling, ( pag, Baley na Camiling; ilo, Ili ti Camiling; tl, Bayan ng Camiling) is a 1st class municipality in the province of Tarlac in the Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a popul ...
boundary) # Calvo Bridge (Alcala–Bayambang Road,
Bayambang Bayambang, officially the Municipality of Bayambang ( pag, Baley na Bayambang; ilo, Ili ti Bayambang; tgl, Bayan ng Bayambang), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census it has a popul ...
Bautista Bautista (Spanish for "baptist") is a Spanish language surname also used as a first name, often in reference to John the Baptist. Notable people with the surname include: *Adolfo Bautista (born 1979), Mexican footballer *Alba Bautista (born 2002) ...
boundary) # Teofilo Sison Bridge (, Rosales–Villasis boundary) # Tomana Underpass (,
Rosales Rosales () is an order of flowering plants. Peter F. Stevens (2001 onwards). "Rosales". At: Trees At: Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. At: Missouri Botanical Garden Website. (see ''External links'' below) It is sister to a clade consisting of Faga ...
Villasis boundary) # Narciso Ramos Bridge (Santa Maria–Binalonan Road,
Asingan, Pangasinan Asingan, officially the Municipality of Asingan ( pag, Baley na Asingan; ilo, Ili ti Asingan; tgl, Bayan ng Asingan), is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 57 ...
) # Ambuklao By-pass Bridge (, Bokod) # Liboong Hanging Bridge ( Bokod) # Bokod–Kabayan–Buguias–Abatan Road (
Buguias, Benguet Buguias, officially the Municipality of Buguias, ( ilo, Ili ti Buguias; tl, Bayan ng Buguias), is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Benguet, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 44,877 people. The munici ...
)


Cities and municipalities

The following list shows the cities and towns traversed by the Agno River, ordered upstream going downstream: *
Buguias, Benguet Buguias, officially the Municipality of Buguias, ( ilo, Ili ti Buguias; tl, Bayan ng Buguias), is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Benguet, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 44,877 people. The munici ...
''(location of
Mount Data Mount Data is a mountain located in the Cordillera Central mountain range rising to a height of in the north of Luzon Island, Philippines. It is about north of Baguio on the borders of the provinces of Benguet and Mountain Province along the ...
)
'' *
Kabayan, Benguet Kabayan, officially the Municipality of Kabayan ( ilo, Ili ti Kabayan; tl, Bayan ng Kabayan), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Benguet, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 15,806 people. Kabayan is the ...
*
Bokod, Benguet Bokod, officially the Municipality of Bokod, ( ilo, Ili ti Bokod; tl, Bayan ng Bokod), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Benguet, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 14,435 people. History Pre-colo ...
''(drains into the
Ambuklao Dam Ambuklao Dam is part of a hydroelectric facility in Baragay Ambuclao, Bokod, Benguet province in the Philippines. With a maximum water storage capacity of , the facility, which is located from Baguio city, can produce up to 105 megawatts of ele ...
)
'' *
Itogon, Benguet Itogon, officially the Municipality of Itogon, ( ilo, Ili ti Itogon; tl, Bayan ng Itogon), is a 1st class municipality of the Philippines, municipality in the Philippine Province, province of Benguet, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, ...
''(drains into the
Binga Dam Binga Dam is a dam in Agno River connected to a hydroelectric power plant situated at Barrio Binga, Barangay Tinongdan in the municipality of Itogon in Benguet province of the Philippines. The dam was constructed in August 1956 and opened in Ma ...
)
'' *
San Manuel, Pangasinan San Manuel, officially the Municipality of San Manuel ( pag, Baley na San Manuel; ilo, Ili ti San Manuel; tgl, Bayan ng San Manuel), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a p ...
''(drains into the San Roque Dam)'' *
San Nicolas, Pangasinan San Nicolas, officially the Municipality of San Nicolas ( pag, Baley na San Nicolas; ilo, Ili ti San Nicolas; tgl, Bayan ng San Nicolas), is a 1st class municipality of the Philippines, municipality in the Philippine Province, province of Pangas ...
*
Santa Maria, Pangasinan Santa Maria, officially the Municipality of Santa Maria ( pag, Baley na Santa Maria; ilo, Ili ti Santa Maria; tgl, Bayan ng Santa Maria), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it ...
*
Asingan, Pangasinan Asingan, officially the Municipality of Asingan ( pag, Baley na Asingan; ilo, Ili ti Asingan; tgl, Bayan ng Asingan), is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 57 ...
*
Villasis, Pangasinan Villasis, officially the Municipality of Villasis ( pag, Baley na Villasis; ilo, Ili ti Villasis; tgl, Bayan ng Villasis), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population ...
*
Rosales, Pangasinan Rosales, officially the Municipality of Rosales ( pag, Baley na Rosales; ilo, Ili ti Rosales; tgl, Bayan ng Rosales), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of ...
*
Santo Tomas, Pangasinan Santo Tomas, officially the Municipality of Santo Tomas ( pag, Baley na Santo Tomas; ilo, Ili ti Santo Tomas; tgl, Bayan ng Santo Tomas), is a 5th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it h ...
*
Alcala, Pangasinan Alcala, officially the Municipality of Alcala ( pag, Baley na Alcala; ilo, Ili ti Alcala; tgl, Bayan ng Alcala), is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 48,90 ...
*
Bayambang, Pangasinan Bayambang, officially the Municipality of Bayambang ( pag, Baley na Bayambang; ilo, Ili ti Bayambang; tgl, Bayan ng Bayambang), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census it has a popul ...
*
Bautista, Pangasinan Bautista, officially the Municipality of Bautista ( pag, Baley na Bautista; ilo, Ili ti Bautista; tgl, Bayan ng Bautista), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population ...
*
Camiling, Tarlac Camiling, officially the Municipality of Camiling, ( pag, Baley na Camiling; ilo, Ili ti Camiling; tl, Bayan ng Camiling) is a 1st class municipality in the province of Tarlac in the Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a popul ...
*
Urbiztondo, Pangasinan Urbiztondo, officially the Municipality of Urbiztondo ( pag, Baley na Urbiztondo; ilo, Ili ti Urbiztondo; tgl, Bayan ng Urbiztondo), is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a ...
*
Mangatarem, Pangasinan Mangatarem, officially the Municipality of Mangatarem ( pag, Baley na Mangatarem; ilo, Ili ti Mangatarem; tgl, Bayan ng Mangatarem), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a p ...
*
San Carlos City, Pangasinan San Carlos, officially the City of San Carlos ( pag, Siyudad na San Carlos; ilo, Siudad ti San Carlos; fil, Lungsod ng San Carlos), is a 3rd class component city in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has ...
*
Aguilar, Pangasinan Aguilar, officially the Municipality of Aguilar ( pag, Baley na Aguilar; ilo, Ili ti Aguilar; tgl, Bayan ng Aguilar), is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 4 ...
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Bugallon, Pangasinan Bugallon, officially the Municipality of Bugallon ( pag, Baley na Bugallon; ilo, Ili ti Bugallon; tgl, Bayan ng Bugallon), is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a populatio ...
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Lingayen, Pangasinan Lingayen, officially the Municipality of Lingayen ( pag, Baley na Lingayen; ilo, Ili ti Lingayen; tgl, Bayan ng Lingayen), is a 1st class municipality and capital of the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has ...
''(location of
river mouth A river mouth is where a river flows into a larger body of water, such as another river, a lake/reservoir, a bay/gulf, a sea, or an ocean. At the river mouth, sediments are often deposited due to the slowing of the current reducing the carrying ...
)
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Labrador, Pangasinan Labrador, officially the Municipality of Labrador ( pag, Baley na Labrador; ilo, Ili ti Labrador; tgl, Bayan ng Labrador), is a 4th class municipality of the Philippines, municipality in the Philippine Province, province of Pangasinan, Philippin ...


References


Further reading

* Siringan, Fernando P. and Mateo, Zenon Richard P. ''Sediment load partitioning of the Agno River and changes in the shoreline position,'' National Institute of Geological Sciences, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City * Torres, Ronnie C.; Paladio, Ma. Lynn O.; Punongbayan, Raymundo S.; and Alonso, Rosalito A. ''Mapping of Areas Affected by Liquefaction during the July 16, 1990, Earthquake'' Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology and University of the Philippines National Institute of Geological Sciences


External links


Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services AdministrationInstitute of Philippine Culture's Case Study of San Roque Multipurpose ProjectInternational Rivers
{{Authority control Rivers of the Philippines Landforms of Benguet Landforms of Pangasinan