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April is the fourth month of the year in the Gregorian and Julian calendars. It is the first of four months to have a length of 30 days, and the second of five months to have a length of less than 31 days. April is commonly associated with the season of
autumn Autumn, also known as fall in American English and Canadian English, is one of the four temperate seasons on Earth. Outside the tropics, autumn marks the transition from summer to winter, in September ( Northern Hemisphere) or March ( Sou ...
in parts of the Southern Hemisphere, and spring in parts of the
Northern Hemisphere The Northern Hemisphere is the half of Earth that is north of the Equator. For other planets in the Solar System, north is defined as being in the same celestial hemisphere relative to the invariable plane of the solar system as Earth's Nort ...
, where it is the seasonal equivalent to October in the Southern Hemisphere and vice versa.


History

The Romans gave this month the Latin name '' Aprilis''"April" in '' Chambers's Encyclopædia''. London: George Newnes, 1961, Vol. 1, p. 497. but the derivation of this name is uncertain. The traditional etymology is from the verb ''aperire'', "to open", in allusion to its being the season when trees and flowers begin to "open", which is supported by comparison with the modern Greek use of άνοιξη (''ánixi'') (opening) for spring. Since some of the Roman months were named in honor of divinities, and as April was sacred to the goddess Venus, her Veneralia being held on the first day, it has been suggested that Aprilis was originally her month Aphrilis, from her equivalent Greek goddess name Aphrodite (''Aphros''), or from the Etruscan name ''
Apru APRU (the Association of Pacific Rim Universities) is a consortium of 61 leading research universities in 19 economies of the Pacific Rim. Formed in 1997,
''.
Jacob Grimm Jacob Ludwig Karl Grimm (4 January 1785 – 20 September 1863), also known as Ludwig Karl, was a German author, linguist, philologist, jurist, and folklorist. He is known as the discoverer of Grimm's law of linguistics, the co-author of th ...
suggests the name of a hypothetical god or hero, ''Aper'' or ''Aprus''. April was the second month of the earliest Roman calendar, before '' Ianuarius'' and ''
Februarius ''Februarius'', fully ''Mensis Februarius'' ("month of Februa"), was the shortest month of the Roman calendar from which the Julian and Gregorian month of February derived. It was eventually placed second in order, preceded by ''Ianuarius'' (" ...
'' were added by King
Numa Pompilius Numa Pompilius (; 753–672 BC; reigned 715–672 BC) was the legendary second king of Rome, succeeding Romulus after a one-year interregnum. He was of Sabine origin, and many of Rome's most important religious and political institutions are a ...
about 700 BC. It became the fourth month of the calendar year (the year when twelve months are displayed in order) during the time of the decemvirs about 450 BC, when it also was given 29 days. The 30th day was added during the reform of the calendar undertaken by
Julius Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar (; ; 12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC), was a Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, and ...
in the mid-40s BC, which produced the Julian calendar. The Anglo-Saxons called April ''ēastre-monaþ''. The Venerable Bede says in '' The Reckoning of Time'' that this month ''ēastre'' is the root of the word Easter. He further states that the month was named after a goddess '' Eostre'' whose feast was in that month. It is also attested by
Einhard Einhard (also Eginhard or Einhart; la, E(g)inhardus; 775 – 14 March 840) was a Frankish scholar and courtier. Einhard was a dedicated servant of Charlemagne and his son Louis the Pious; his main work is a biography of Charlemagne, the ''Vita ...
in his work, Vita Karoli Magni.
St George Saint George (Greek language, Greek: Γεώργιος (Geórgios), Latin language, Latin: Georgius, Arabic language, Arabic: القديس جرجس; died 23 April 303), also George of Lydda, was a Christians, Christian who is venerated as a sa ...
's day is the twenty-third of the month; and
St Mark Mark the Evangelist ( la, Marcus; grc-gre, Μᾶρκος, Mârkos; arc, ܡܪܩܘܣ, translit=Marqōs; Ge'ez: ማርቆስ; ), also known as Saint Mark, is the person who is traditionally ascribed to be the author of the Gospel of Mark. Accor ...
's Eve, with its superstition that the ghosts of those who are doomed to die within the year will be seen to pass into the church, falls on the twenty-fourth. In
China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
the symbolic of the earth by the emperor and princes of the blood took place in their third month, which frequently corresponds to April. In Finnish April is ''huhtikuu'', meaning '' slash-and-burn moon'', when gymnosperms for beat and burn clearing of farmland were felled. In Slovene, the most established traditional name is ''mali traven'', meaning the month when plants start growing. It was first written in 1466 in the Škofja Loka manuscript. The month Aprilis had 30 days;
Numa Pompilius Numa Pompilius (; 753–672 BC; reigned 715–672 BC) was the legendary second king of Rome, succeeding Romulus after a one-year interregnum. He was of Sabine origin, and many of Rome's most important religious and political institutions are a ...
made it 29 days long; finally
Julius Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar (; ; 12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC), was a Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, and ...
’s calendar reform made it again 30 days long, which was not changed in the calendar revision of
Augustus Caesar Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian, was the first Roman emperor; he reigned from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. He is known for being the founder of the Roman Pri ...
in 8 BC. Additionally in the Spanish colony, Las Islas Filipinas (now known as the Philippines), the month Aprilis had a significant meaning to the life of the natives as it was associated to the influence of the Chinese during the Spanish colonial period. The importance of this aspect to the lives of the natives was formerly associated to an event called "Abril na Ikaw" as it is closely linked to the famous trader, April Yu. In Ancient Rome, the festival of Cerealia was held for seven days from mid-to-late April, but exact dates are uncertain. Feriae Latinae was also held in April, with the date varying. Other ancient Roman observances include Veneralia (April 1), Megalesia (April 10–16), Fordicidia (April 15), Parilia (April 21), Vinalia Urbana,
Robigalia The Robigalia was a festival in ancient Roman religion held April 25, named for the god Robigus. Its main ritual was a dog sacrifice to protect grain fields from disease. Games (''ludi'') in the form of "major and minor" races were held. The Robi ...
, and Serapia were celebrated on (April 25).
Floralia The Floralia was a festival in ancient Roman religious practice in honor of the goddess Flora, held April 27 during the Republican era, or April 28 in the Julian calendar. The festival included ''Ludi Florae'', the "Games of Flora", which lasted ...
was held April 27 during the Republican era, or April 28 on the Julian calendar, and lasted until May 3. However, these dates do not correspond to the modern Gregorian calendar. The Lyrids
meteor shower A meteor shower is a celestial event in which a number of meteors are observed to radiate, or originate, from one point in the night sky. These meteors are caused by streams of cosmic debris called meteoroids entering Earth's atmosphere at extre ...
appears on April 16 – April 26 each year, with the peak generally occurring on April 22. Eta Aquariids meteor shower also appears in April. It is visible from about April 21 to about May 20 each year with peak activity on or around May 6. The Pi Puppids appear on April 23, but only in years around the parent comet's perihelion date. The Virginids also shower at various dates in April. The "Days of April" (''journées d'avril'') is a name assigned in French history to a series of insurrections at Lyons, Paris and elsewhere, against the government of Louis Philippe in 1834, which led to violent repressive measures, and to a famous trial known as the ''procès d'avril''.


April symbols

April's
birthstone A birthstone is a gemstone A gemstone (also called a fine gem, jewel, precious stone, or semiprecious stone) is a piece of mineral crystal which, in cut and polished form, is used to make jewelry or other adornments. However, certain rock ...
is the diamond. *The birth flower is typically listed as either the common daisy ''(Bellis perennis)'' or the sweet pea. * The zodiac signs for the month of April are Aries (until April 19) and Taurus (April 20 onwards).. Signs in UT/GMT for 1950–2030.


April observances

''This list does not necessarily imply either official status nor general observance.''


Month-long observances

*In Catholic, Protestant and Orthodox tradition, April is the Month of the Resurrection of the Lord. April and March are the months in which is celebrated the moveable Feast of Easter Sunday. * National Pet Month ( United Kingdom)


United States

* Arab American Heritage Month *Autism Awareness Month * Cancer Control Month * Community College Awareness Month * Confederate History Month ( Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas, Virginia) * Donate Life Month * Financial Literacy Month *
Jazz Appreciation Month Jazz Appreciation Month (JAM) is a music festival held every April in the United States, in honor of jazz as an early American art form. JAM was created in 2001 by John Edward Hasse, curator of the Smithsonian's National Museum of American Histor ...
* Mathematics and Statistics Awareness Month * Month of the Military Child * National Poetry Month *
National Poetry Writing Month National Poetry Writing Month (also known as NaPoWriMo) is a creative writing project held annually in April in which participants attempt to write a poem each day for one month. NaPoWriMo coincides with the National Poetry Month in the United State ...
* Occupational Therapy Month * National Prevent Child Abuse Month *
National Volunteer Month National Volunteer month in the United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal ...
* Parkinson's Disease Awareness Month *Rosacea Awareness Month * Sexual Assault Awareness Month


United States Food months

*Fresh Florida Tomato Month *National Food Month *National Grilled Cheese Month *National Pecan Month *National Soft Pretzel Month *National Soyfoods Month


Non-Gregorian observances: 2021

''(All Baha'i, Islamic, and Jewish observances begin at the sundown prior to the date listed, and end at sundown of the date in question unless otherwise noted.)'' *
List of observances set by the Bahá'í calendar A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations * List College, an undergraduate division of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America * SC Germania List, German rugby union ...
*
List of observances set by the Chinese calendar The traditional Chinese holidays are an essential part of harvests or prayer offerings. The most important Chinese holiday is the Chinese New Year (Spring Festival), which is also celebrated in overseas ethnic Chinese communities (for example in ...
* List of observances set by the Hebrew calendar * List of observances set by the Islamic calendar * List of observances set by the Solar Hijri calendar


Movable observances, 2021 dates

* Youth Homelessness Matters Day * National Health Day ( Kiribati): April 6 * Oral, Head and Neck Cancer Awareness Week ( United States): April 13–19 * National Park Week ( United States): April 18–26 * Crime Victims' Rights Week ( United States): April 19–25 * National Volunteer Week: April 19–25 * European Immunization Week: April 20–26 * Day of Silence ( United States): April 24 * Pay It Forward Day: April 28 ( International observance) * Denim Day: April 29 ( International observance) *
Day of Dialogue In the United States, the Day of Dialogue (formerly Day of Truth) is the Christian fundamentalist group Focus on the Family's annual event to oppose LGBTQ rights. It was founded by the Alliance Defense Fund in 2005 to oppose the Day of Silence, ...
( United States) * Vaccination Week In The Americas *See:
List of movable Western Christian observances {{Use mdy dates, date=July 2017 This is a list of movable observances within Western Christianity. It includes secular observances which are calculated by religious observances. ''This list does not necessarily imply either official status nor gen ...
*See: List of movable Eastern Christian observances


First Wednesday: April 1

* National Day of Hope ( United States)


First Saturday: April 4

*
Ulcinj Municipality Day Ulcinj Municipality ( Montenegrin: Opština Ulcinj / Општина Улцињ; Albanian: Komuna e Ulqinit) is the southernmost municipality of Montenegro, bordered by Albania to the east, Bar Municipality to the north and Adriatic Sea to the so ...
( Ulcinj, Montenegro)


First Sunday: April 5

* Daylight saving time ends (
Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
and New Zealand) *
Geologists Day Geologists Day is an official holiday for geologists, geophysicists and geochemists in Russia and other former states of the Soviet Union, Established in 1966, the holiday is traditionally celebrated on the first Sunday of April. Geologists Day ...
(former Soviet Union countries) * Kanamara Matsuri (
Kawasaki Kawasaki ( ja, 川崎, Kawasaki, river peninsula, links=no) may refer to: Places *Kawasaki, Kanagawa, a Japanese city **Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, a ward in Kawasaki, Kanagawa **Kawasaki City Todoroki Arena **Kawasaki Stadium, a multi-sport stadium *K ...
, Japan) *
Opening Day Opening Day is the day on which professional baseball leagues begin their regular season. For Major League Baseball (MLB) and most of the American minor leagues, this day typically falls during the first week of April, although in recent years ...
( United States)


First full week: April 5–11

*
National Library Week First sponsored in 1958, National Library Week (NLW) is a national observance sponsored by the American Library Association (ALA) and Library, libraries across the United States each April, typically the second full week. It promotes library use a ...
( United States) ** National Library Workers Day ( United States) (Tuesday of National Library week, April 4) ** National Bookmobile Day (Wednesday of National Library week, April 5) * National Public Health Week ( United States) * National Public Safety Telecommunicators Week ( United States)


= Second Wednesday: April 8

= * International Day of Pink


= Second Thursday: April 9

= *
National Former Prisoner of War Recognition Day In the United States, National POW/MIA Recognition Day is observed on the third Friday in September. It honors those who were prisoners of war (POWs) and those who are still missing in action (MIA). It is most associated with those who were POWs d ...
( United States)


= Second Friday of April: April 10

= * Fast and Prayer Day (
Liberia Liberia (), officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the West African coast. It is bordered by Sierra Leone to Liberia–Sierra Leone border, its northwest, Guinea to its north, Ivory Coast to its east, and the Atlantic Ocean ...
) *
Air Force Day Several nations with an armed forces observe an Air Force Day or Day of the Air Force as a military holiday to recognize their country's air force. These holidays often hold the same status as any military's Armed Forces Day. By country Armeni ...
( Russia) * Kamakura Matsuri at Tsurugaoka Hachiman (
Kamakura is a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Kamakura has an estimated population of 172,929 (1 September 2020) and a population density of 4,359 persons per km² over the total area of . Kamakura was designated as a city on 3 November 1939. Kamak ...
, Japan), lasts until third Sunday.


Second Sunday: April 12

* Children's Day ( Peru)


Week of April 14: April 12–18

* Pan-American Week ( United States)


Third Wednesday: April 15

* Administrative Professionals' Day ( New Zealand)


Third Thursday: April 16

*
National High Five Day High five is a friendly gesture in which one individual slaps another's hand. High five (and variants such as Hi5, Hi-5, and Hi-Five) may also refer to: Music * Hi-5 (Australian group), an Australian children's musical group * Hi-5 (Greek band), ...
( United States)


Third Saturday: April 18

* Record Store Day ( International observance)


Last full week of April: April 19–25

* Administrative Professionals Week ( Malaysia,
North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...
) * World Immunization Week


Week of April 23: April 19–25

* Canada Book Week ( Canada)


Week of the

New Moon In astronomy, the new moon is the first lunar phase, when the Moon and Sun have the same ecliptic longitude. At this phase, the lunar disk is not visible to the naked eye, except when it is silhouetted against the Sun during a solar eclipse. ...
: April 19–25

*
National Dark-Sky Week International Dark Sky Week (formerly the National Dark Sky Week) is held during the week of the new moon in April, when people worldwide may turn off their lights to observe the beauty of the night sky without light pollution. This event was f ...
( United States)


Third Monday: April 20

* Patriots' Day ( Massachusetts, Maine, United States) * Queen's Official Birthday ( Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha) * Sechseläuten ( Zürich,
Switzerland ). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...
)


= Wednesday of last full week of April: April 22

= * Administrative Professionals' Day ( Hong Kong,
North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...
)


First Thursday after April 18: April 23

*
First Day of Summer The first day of summer ( ) is an annual public holiday in Iceland that is celebrated on the first Thursday after 18 April (some time between 19-25 April). It is a celebration of the start of the first summer month () of the old Icelandic cale ...
( Iceland)


= Fourth Thursday: April 23

= * Take Our Daughters And Sons To Work Day ( United States)


= Last Friday: April 24

= * Arbor Day ( United States) *
Día de la Chupina The ''Día de la Chupina'' (Spanish, literally Hooky Day) is a popular event and self-styled " holiday" created by secondary school students in the city of Rosario, Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, ...
(
Rosario Rosario () is the largest city in the central provinces of Argentina, Argentine province of Santa Fe Province, Santa Fe. The city is located northwest of Buenos Aires, on the west bank of the Paraná River. Rosario is the third-most populous ci ...
, Argentina)


Last Friday in April to first Sunday in May: April 24-May 3

* Arbour Week in Ontario


= Last Saturday: April 25

= * Children's Day (
Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Car ...
) * National Rebuilding Day ( United States) * National Sense of Smell Day ( United States) * World Tai Chi and Qigong Day


= Last Sunday: April 26

= * Flag Day ( Åland, Finland) * Turkmen Racing Horse Festival ( Turkmenistan)


= April 27 (moves to April 26 if April 27 is on a Sunday): April 27

= * Koningsdag ( Netherlands)


= Last Monday: April 27

= * Confederate Memorial Day ( Alabama, Georgia (U.S. state), and Mississippi, United States)


= Last Wednesday: April 29

= *
International Noise Awareness Day International Noise Awareness Day is a global campaign, founded in 1996 by the Center for Hearing and Communication (CHC), aiming to raise awareness of the effects of noise on the welfare and health of people. Noise affects people in many ways, bu ...


Fixed observances

* April 1 ** April Fools' Day ** Arbor Day ( Tanzania) ** Civil Service Day ( Thailand) ** Cyprus National Day ( Cyprus) **
Edible Book Day The International Edible Book Festival is an list of minor secular observances#April, annual event usually held on or around April 1, which is also known as Edible Book Day. The global event has been celebrated since 2000 in various parts of the w ...
**
Fossil Fools Day Fossil Fools Day is an environmental demonstration day. It occurs on April 1. The name is a play on the term fossil fuels and April Fools' Day. Fossil Fools Day began in 2004 with coordinated actions across the United States and Canada. Subs ...
** Kha b-Nisan ( Assyrian people) ** National Civil Service Day ( Thailand) ** Odisha Day ( Odisha, India) **Start of Testicular Cancer Awareness week ( United States), April 1–7 ** Season for Nonviolence January 30 – April 4 * April 2 **
International Children's Book Day International Children's Book Day (ICBD) is a yearly event sponsored by the International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY), an international non-profit organization. Founded in 1967, the day is observed on or around Hans Christian Andersen's ...
( International observance) ** Malvinas Day ( Argentina) ** National Peanut Butter and Jelly Day ( United States) **
Thai Heritage Conservation Day Public holidays in Thailand are regulated by the government, and most are observed by both the public and private sectors. There are usually nineteen public holidays in a year, but more may be declared by the cabinet. Other observances, both offi ...
( Thailand) **
Unity of Peoples of Russia and Belarus Day National holidays in Belarus are classified into state holidays and other holidays and commemorative days, including religious holidays. Nine of them are non-working days. Public holidays (non-working days) Other holidays State Comme ...
( Belarus) ** World Autism Awareness Day ( International observance) * April 3 *
April 4 Events Pre-1600 * 503 BC – Roman consul Agrippa Menenius Lanatus celebrates a triumph for a military victory over the Sabines. * 190 – Dong Zhuo has his troops evacuate the capital Luoyang and burn it to the ground. * 611 – ...
** Children's Day ( Hong Kong, Taiwan) **
Independence Day (Senegal) This is a list of public holidays in Senegal. Public holidays Variable dates *2020 **Easter Monday – April 13 **Korité (Breaking of the Ramadan fast) – May 24 **Whit Monday – June 1 **Tabaski (Feast of the Sacrifice) – starts July 31 ...
** International Day for Mine Awareness and Assistance in Mine Action ** Peace Day (Angola) *
April 5 Events Pre-1600 * 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I. * 919 – The second Fatimid invasion of Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, sets out from Raqqada at the head of his a ...
** Children's Day ( Palestinian territories) ** National Caramel Day (United States) ** Sikmogil (South Korea) * April 6 ** Chakri Day (Thailand) **
National Beer Day (United Kingdom) Beer Day Britain is an annual event celebrating beer in the United Kingdom. The date has been celebrated annually on 15 June since 2015. It is supported by the British Beer and Pub Association, the Society of Independent Brewers (SIBA), and th ...
**
New Beer's Eve National Beer Day is celebrated in the United States every year on April 7, marking the day that the Cullen–Harrison Act came into force after having been signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on March 22, 1933. This led to the Ei ...
(United States) ** Tartan Day (United States & Canada) * April 7 ** Flag Day (Slovenia) **
Genocide Memorial Day (Rwanda) This is a list of public holidays in Rwanda. Rwanda observes fourteen regular public holidays. Additionally, the week following Genocide Memorial Day on 7 April is designated an official week of mourning. The last Saturday of each month is ''umuga ...
, and its related observance: *** International Day of Reflection on the 1994 Rwanda Genocide ( United Nations) ** Motherhood and Beauty Day (Armenia) ** National Beer Day (United States) ** No Housework Day **
Sheikh Abeid Amani Karume Day Public holidays in Tanzania are in accordance with the Public Holidays Ordinance (Amended) Act, 1966 and are observed throughout the nation. Background The Public Holidays Ordinance (Amended) Act, 1966 lists twelve public holidays in its schedule ...
(Tanzania) ** Women's Day (Mozambique) ** World Health Day ( International observance) *
April 8 Events Pre-1600 * 217 – Roman emperor Caracalla is assassinated and is succeeded by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus. * 876 – The Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul saves Baghdad from the Saffarids. *1139 – Ro ...
** Buddha's Birthday (Japan only, other countries follow different calendars) ** Feast of the First Day of the Writing of the Book of the Law ( Thelema) ** International Romani Day ( International observance) ** Trading Cards for Grown-ups Day * April 9 **
Anniversary of the German Invasion of Denmark Public holidays in Denmark Other special days Some of these days derive from politics, and some from Roman Catholic traditions that predate the current national church. Some are simply the Scandinavian tradition of starting the celebrations ...
(Denmark) ** Baghdad Liberation Day ( Iraqi Kurdistan) **
Constitution Day (Kosovo) This is a list of public holidays in Kosovo. Annotations See also * Public holidays in Yugoslavia References {{Europe topic, Public holidays in Kosovo Kosovo ( sq, Kosova or ; sr-Cyrl, Косово ), officially the Repub ...
**
Day of National Unity (Georgia) ReferencesNational holidays of Georgia- Article 30 {{Georgia (country) topics Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast Uni ...
**
Day of the Finnish Language Flag flying days in Finland are days of the year when the national flag is flown nationwide, either by law or by custom. The flag of Finland is generally flown only on special occasions to celebrate or honour someone or something. On certain da ...
(Finland) **
Day of Valor The Day of Valor, officially known as , is a national observance in the Philippines which commemorates the fall of Bataan to Japanese troops during World War II. It falls every April 9, although in 2009, its celebration was moved to April 6 to ...
or ''Araw ng Kagitingan'' (Philippines) ** Feast of the Second Day of the Writing of the Book of the Law ( Thelema) ** International Banshtai Tsai Day **
Martyr's Day (Tunisia) Martyrs' Day is an annual day observed by nations to salute the martyrdom of soldiers who lost their lives defending the sovereignty of the nation. The actual date may vary from one country to another. Here is a list of countries and Martyrs' Days. ...
**
National Former Prisoner of War Recognition Day In the United States, National POW/MIA Recognition Day is observed on the third Friday in September. It honors those who were prisoners of war (POWs) and those who are still missing in action (MIA). It is most associated with those who were POWs d ...
(United States) ** Remembrance for Haakon Sigurdsson ( The Troth) ** Vimy Ridge Day (Canada) * April 10 ** Day of the Builder (Azerbaijan) ** Feast of the Third Day of the Writing of the Book of the Law ( Thelema) **
Siblings Day A sibling is a relative that shares at least one parent with the subject. A male sibling is a brother and a female sibling is a sister. A person with no siblings is an only child. While some circumstances can cause siblings to be raised separat ...
( International observance) * April 11 **
Juan Santamaría Day The following are the national public holidays of Costa Rica. Of the eleven days, nine are paid holidays and two are not. Public holidays Dates for moveable holidays *2020 ** July 27 - Annexation of the Party of Nicoya to Costa Rica ** Augus ...
, anniversary of his death in the
Second Battle of Rivas The Second Battle of Rivas occurred on 11 April 1856 between Costa Rican militia under General Mora and the Nicaraguan forces of American mercenary William Walker. The lesser known First Battle of Rivas took place on the 29 June 1855 between ...
. (Costa Rica) **
International Louie Louie Day "Louie Louie" is a rhythm and blues song written and composed by American musician Richard Berry in 1955, recorded in 1956, and released in 1957. It is best known for the 1963 hit version by the Kingsmen and has become a standard in pop and r ...
** National Cheese Fondue Day (United States) **
World Parkinson's Day James Parkinson (11 April 175521 December 1824) was an English surgeon, apothecary, geologist, palaeontologist and political activist. He is best known for his 1817 work ''An Essay on the Shaking Palsy'', in which he was the first to describe ...
* April 12 ** Children's Day (Bolivia and Haiti) **Commemoration of first human in space by Yuri Gagarin: ***
Cosmonautics Day Cosmonautics Day (russian: День Космона́втики, ''Den Kosmonavtiki'') is an anniversary celebrated in Russia and some other former Soviet Union countries on 12 April.
(Russia) *** International Day of Human Space Flight *** Yuri's Night ( International observance) ** Halifax Day ( North Carolina) ** National Grilled Cheese Sandwich Day (United States) **
National Redemption Day The following are public holidays in Liberia. Public holidays Former public holidays References {{DEFAULTSORT:Public Holidays In Liberia Holidays Liberian culture Liberia Liberia (), officially the Republic of Liberia, is a co ...
(Liberia) ** Walk on Your Wild Side Day *
April 13 Events Pre-1600 *1111 – Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. * 1204 – Constantinople falls to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, temporarily ending the Byzantine Empire. 1601–1900 *1612 – In one of the epic samurai ...
** Jefferson's Birthday (United States) ** Katyn Memorial Day ( Poland) ** Teacher's Day ( Ecuador) **First day of Thingyan (
Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John C. Wells, Joh ...
) (April 13–16) ** Unfairly Prosecuted Persons Day ( Slovakia) * April 14 ** ʔabusibaree ( Okinawa Islands, Japan) ** Ambedkar Jayanti (India) ** Black Day (South Korea) ** Commemoration of Anfal Genocide Against the Kurds ( Iraqi Kurdistan) ** Dhivehi Language Day (Maldives) ** Day of Mologa ( Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia) **
Day of the Georgian language On 14 April 1978, demonstrations in Tbilisi, capital of the Georgian SSR, took place in response to an attempt by the Government of the Soviet Union, Soviet government to change the constitutional status of languages in Georgia. After a new 1977 So ...
( Georgia (country)) ** Season of Emancipation (April 14 to August 23) (Barbados) **
N'Ko Alphabet Day N'Ko () is a script devised by Solomana Kante in 1949, as a modern writing system for the Mandé languages of West Africa. The term ''N'Ko'', which means ''I say'' in all Mandé languages, is also used for the Mandé literary standard written i ...
( Mande speakers) ** Pohela Boishakh (Bangladesh) ** Pana Sankranti ( Odisha, India) ** Puthandu ( Tamils) (India, Malaysia, Singapore, Sri Lanka) **Second day of Songkran (Thailand) (Thailand) ** Pan American Day (several countries in the Americas) **The first day of Takayama Spring Festival ( Takayama, Gifu, Japan) ** Vaisakh ( Punjab (region)), (India and Pakistan) ** Youth Day (Angola) * April 15 ** Day of the Sun (North Korea). ** Hillsborough Disaster Memorial ( Liverpool, England) **
Jackie Robinson Day Jackie Robinson Day is a traditional event which occurs annually on April 15 in Major League Baseball (MLB), commemorating and honoring the day Jackie Robinson made his major league debut. Celebrated at MLB ballparks, on that one day, all player ...
(United States) ** Pohela Boishakh ( West Bengal, India) (Note: celebrated on April 14 in Bangladesh) **Last day of Songkran (Thailand) (Thailand) ** Tax Day, the official deadline for filing an individual tax return (or requesting an extension). (United States, Philippines) **
Universal Day of Culture The Universal Day of Culture under the Banner of Peace, known also as the World Day of Culture, is an observance held annually on April 15 in many countries around the World to promote the protection of culture, the Roerich Pact and the Banner of ...
**
World Art Day World Art Day is an international celebration of the fine arts which was declared by the International Association of Art (IAA) in order to promote awareness of creative activity worldwide. Establishment A proposal was put forward at the 17th Gene ...
* April 16 **
Birthday of José de Diego Puerto Rico celebrates all official U.S. holidays, and a number of other official holidays established by the Commonwealth government. Additionally, many municipalities celebrate their own Patron Saint Festivals (''fiestas patronales'' in Spani ...
(Puerto Rico, United States) ** Birthday of Queen Margrethe II (Denmark) **
Emancipation Day Emancipation Day is observed in many former European colonies in the Caribbean and areas of the United States on various dates to commemorate the emancipation of slaves of African descent. On August 1, 1985, Trinidad and Tobago became the fir ...
( Washington, D.C., United States) **
Foursquare Day Foursquare City Guide, commonly known as Foursquare, is a local search-and-discovery mobile app developed by Foursquare (company), Foursquare Labs Inc. The app provides personalized recommendations of places to go near a user's current location ...
( International observance) ** Memorial Day for the Victims of the Holocaust (Hungary) ** National Healthcare Decisions Day (United States) ** Remembrance of Chemical Attack on Balisan and Sheikh Wasan ( Iraqi Kurdistan) **
World Voice Day World Voice Day (WVD) is a worldwide annual event that takes place on April 16 devoted to the celebration of the phenomenon of voice. /sup>The aim is to demonstrate the enormous importance of the voice in the daily lives of all people. Voice is a ...
* April 17 ** Blah Blah Blah Day **
Evacuation Day (Syria) Evacuation Day ( ar, عيد الجلاء, ʿīd al-jalāʾ, also known as Jalaa Day or Clearance Day), is Syria's national day commemorating the evacuation of the last French soldier at the end of the French mandate of Syria on 17 April 1946 aft ...
** FAO Day (Iraq) **
Flag Day (American Samoa) The flag of American Samoa is a flag consisting of a red-edged white triangle pointing towards the hoist charged with a bald eagle clutching a war club and fly-whisk, with dark blue upper and lower triangles. Adopted in April 1960 to replace the " ...
**
Malbec World Day Malbec World Day is an annual observance celebrated on April 17, to commemorate the day on which President Domingo Faustino Sarmiento of Argentina officially made it his mission to transform Argentina's wine industry. On April 17, 1853, Sarmiento ta ...
** National Cheeseball Day (United States) ** National Espresso Day (Italy) ** Women's Day (Gabon) **
World Hemophilia Day The World Federation of Hemophilia (WFH) is an international non-profit organization dedicated to improving the lives of people with hemophilia (also spelled haemophilia) and other genetic bleeding disorders. It educates people with bleeding di ...
* April 18 **
Anniversary of the Victory over the Teutonic Knights in the Battle of the Ice, 1242 The Days of Military Honour (russian: Дни воинской славы, ''dni voinskoy slavy'') are special memorable dates in the Russian Armed Forces dedicated to the most outstanding victories won by Russia. Some of these dates are state holi ...
(Russia) **
Army Day (Iran) Many nations around the world observe some kind of Armed Forces Day to honor their military forces. This day is not to be confused with Veterans Day or Memorial Day. Africa Egypt In Egypt, Armed Forces Day is celebrated on 6 October, ...
** Coma Patients' Day (Poland) ** Friend's Day (Brazil) **
Independence Day (Zimbabwe) The following is a list of holidays in Zimbabwe: Public holidays are as detailed in thPublic Holidays and Prohibition of Business Act(Chapter 10:21), its various amendments and General Notices See also Public Holidays 2017Public Holidays 2016 ...
** International Day For Monuments and Sites **
Invention Day Japanese patent law is based on the first-to-file principle and is mainly given force by the of Japan. Article 2 defines an invention as "the highly advanced creation of technical ideas utilizing the law of nature". English translation The d ...
(Japan) ** Pet Owner's Independence Day * April 19 ** Army Day (Brazil) ** Beginning of the Independence Movement (Venezuela) **
Bicycle Day Bicycle Day may refer to: * World Bicycle Day, declared by United Nations General Assembly in 2018, to be celebrated on 3rd June, globally. * History of lysergic acid diethylamide#"Bicycle Day", "Bicycle Day", the first recorded LSD "trip" by Albe ...
** Dutch-American Friendship Day (United States) **
Holocaust Remembrance Day Yom HaZikaron laShoah ve-laG'vurah ( he, יום הזיכרון לשואה ולגבורה, , lit=Holocaust and Heroism Remembrance Day), known colloquially in Israel and abroad as Yom HaShoah (יום השואה) and in English as Holocaust Reme ...
(Poland) ** Indian Day (Brazil) **
King Mswati III's birthday This is a list of holidays in Eswatini. If a holiday falls on a Sunday, it may be celebrated on the following Monday. References Swazi culture Eswatini Eswatini Eswatini ( ; ss, eSwatini ), officially the Kingdom of Eswatini and f ...
(Eswatini) ** Landing of the 33 Patriots Day (Uruguay) ** National Garlic Day (United States) ** National Rice Ball Day (United States) ** Primrose Day (United Kingdom) * April 20 **
420 (cannabis culture) 420, 4:20 or 4/20 (pronounced four-twenty) is cannabis culture slang for marijuana and hashish consumption, especially smoking around the time 4:20 pm (16:20). It also refers to cannabis-oriented celebrations that take place annually on Apr ...
(International) **
UN Chinese Language Day __NOTOC__ UN Chinese Language Day () is observed annually on April 20. The event was established by the UN Department of Public Information in 2010, seeking "to celebrate multilingualism and cultural diversity as well as to promote equal use of a ...
( United Nations) *
April 21 Events Pre-1600 *753 BC – Romulus founds Rome ( traditional date). * 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is murdered ...
** A&M Day ( Texas A&M University) ** Civil Service Day (India) ** Day of Local Self-Government (Russia) ** Grounation Day ( Rastafari movement) ** Heroic Defense of Veracruz (Mexico) ** Kang Pan-sok's Birthday (North Korea) ** Kartini Day (Indonesia) ** Local Self Government Day (Russia) ** National Tree Planting Day (Kenya) ** San Jacinto Day ( Texas) ** Queen's Official Birthday ( Falkland Islands) **
Tiradentes' Day In Brazil, public holidays may be legislated at the federal, statewide and municipal levels. Most holidays are observed nationwide. Apart from the yearly official holidays (listed below), the Constitution of Brazil also establishes that election ...
(Brazil) ** Vietnam Book Day (Vietnam) * April 22 ** Discovery Day (Brazil) **
Earth Day Earth Day is an annual event on April 22 to demonstrate support for environmental protection. First held on April 22, 1970, it now includes a wide range of events coordinated globally by EarthDay.org (formerly Earth Day Network) including 1 b ...
( International observance) and its related observance: ***
International Mother Earth Day International Mother Earth Day was established in 2009, by the United Nations General Assembly under Resolution A/RES/63/278. The Resolution was introduced by The Plurinational State of Bolivia and endorsed by over 50 member states. It recognize ...
**
Holocaust Remembrance Day Yom HaZikaron laShoah ve-laG'vurah ( he, יום הזיכרון לשואה ולגבורה, , lit=Holocaust and Heroism Remembrance Day), known colloquially in Israel and abroad as Yom HaShoah (יום השואה) and in English as Holocaust Reme ...
(Serbia) ** National Jelly Bean Day (United States) *
April 23 Events Pre-1600 * 215 BC – A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasimene. * 599 – Maya king Uneh Chan of Calakmul attacks rival city-state Palenque in southe ...
** Castile and León Day (
Castile and León Castile and León ( es, Castilla y León ; ast-leo, Castiella y Llión ; gl, Castela e León ) is an autonomous community in northwestern Spain. It was created in 1983, eight years after the end of the Francoist regime, by the merging of the ...
, Spain) ** German Beer Day (Germany) **
Independence Day An independence day is an annual event commemorating the anniversary of a nation's independence or statehood, usually after ceasing to be a group or part of another nation or state, or more rarely after the end of a military occupation. Man ...
( Conch Republic,
Key West, Florida Key West ( es, Cayo Hueso) is an island in the Straits of Florida, within the U.S. state of Florida. Together with all or parts of the separate islands of Sigsbee Park, Dredgers Key, Fleming Key, Sunset Key, and the northern part of Stock Isla ...
) **
International Pixel-Stained Technopeasant Day International Pixel-Stained Technopeasant Day is a commemoration declared by author Jo Walton, held on April 23 and first celebrated in 2007, in response to remarks made by Howard V. Hendrix stating that he was opposed "to the increasing presence ...
**
Khongjom Day The Anglo-Manipur War was an armed conflict between the British Empire and the Kingdom of Manipur. The war lasted between 31 March and 27 April 1891 and ended in a British victory. Background In the First Anglo-Burmese War, the British helped p ...
( Manipur, India) ** National Sovereignty and Children's Day (Turkey and Northern Cyprus) **
Navy Day (China) Several nations observe or have observed a Navy Day to recognize their navy. By country Argentina The Argentine Navy day is celebrated on May 17, anniversary of the victory achieved in 1814 in the action of 14 May 1814, Battle of Montev ...
** St George's Day (England) and its related observances: ***
Canada Book Day Canada Book Day is a yearly event celebrated in Canada on April 23 to promote reading and books during Canada Book Week. Canada Book Week takes place on the week of April 23. Canada Book Day is celebrated on the same day as World Book and Copyrigh ...
(Canada) ***
La Diada de Sant Jordi LA most frequently refers to Los Angeles, the second largest city in the United States. La, LA, or L.A. may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Music * La (musical note), or A, the sixth note * "L.A.", a song by Elliott Smith on ''Figur ...
( Catalonia, Spain) *** World Book Day **
UN English Language Day __NOTOC__ UN English Day is observed annually on 23 April.UN launc ...
( United Nations) * April 24 ** Armenian Genocide Remembrance Day (Armenia) ** Concord Day (Niger) ** Children's Day (Zambia) ** Democracy Day (Nepal) **
Fashion Revolution Day Fashion Revolution is a not-for-profit global movement represented by The Fashion Revolution Foundation and Fashion Revolution CIC with teams in over 100 countries around the world. Fashion Revolution campaigns for reform of the fashion industry ...
** Flag Day (Ireland) **
International Sculpture Day International Sculpture Day, or IS Day, is a worldwide annual celebration of sculpture on the last Saturday of April every year. It was established by the International Sculpture Center and is meant to raise awareness, appreciation and enjoyment ...
** Kapyong Day (Australia) ** Labour Safety Day (Bangladesh) ** National Panchayati Raj Day (India) ** National Pigs in a Blanket Day (United States) **
Republic Day (The Gambia) This is a list of public holidays in the Gambia. Public holidays Variable dates *2020 **Good Friday – April 10 **Easter Monday – April 13 **Qadr Night (Revelation of the Quran) – May 20 **Korité (Breaking of the Ramadan fast) – May 2 ...
** St Mark's Eve ( Western Christianity) **
World Day for Laboratory Animals World Day For Animals In Laboratories (WDAIL; also known as World Lab Animal Day) is observed every year on 24 April. The surrounding week has come to be known as "World Week for Animals In Laboratories". The National Anti-Vivisection Society (NAV ...
* April 25 ** Anniversary of the First Cabinet of Kurdish Government ( Iraqi Kurdistan) **
Anzac Day , image = Dawn service gnangarra 03.jpg , caption = Anzac Day Dawn Service at Kings Park, Western Australia, 25 April 2009, 94th anniversary. , observedby = Australia Christmas Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands Cook Islands New ...
(Australia, New Zealand) ** Arbor Day (Germany) ** DNA Day **
Feast of Saint Mark Saint Mark's Day, or the Feast of Saint Mark, commemorates Mark the Evangelist and takes place on April 25. Local observances and customs Italy The 25th of April is a national holiday throughout Italy, though not as Saint Mark's Day, but as anniv ...
( Western Christianity) ** Flag Day (Faroe Islands) ** Flag Day (Eswatini) **
Freedom Day (Portugal) The Carnation Revolution ( pt, Revolução dos Cravos), also known as the 25 April ( pt, 25 de Abril, links=no), was a military coup by left-leaning military officers that overthrew the authoritarian Estado Novo regime on 25 April 1974 in Lisb ...
** Liberation Day (Italy) ** Major Rogation ( Western Christianity) ** Military Foundation Day (North Korea) ** National Zucchini Bread Day (United States) **
Parental Alienation Awareness Day Parental alienation is a theorized process through which a child becomes estranged from one parent as the result of the psychological manipulation of another parent. The child's estrangement may manifest itself as fear, disrespect or hostility tow ...
** Red Hat Society Day ** Sinai Liberation Day (Egypt) ** World Malaria Day * April 26 **
Chernobyl disaster The Chernobyl disaster was a nuclear accident that occurred on 26 April 1986 at the No. 4 reactor in the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, near the city of Pripyat in the north of the Ukrainian SSR in the Soviet Union. It is one of only two nuc ...
related observances: *** Memorial Day of Radiation Accidents and Catastrophes (Russia) ***
Day of Remembrance of the Chernobyl tragedy National holidays in Belarus are classified into state holidays and other holidays and commemorative days, including religious holidays. Nine of them are non-working days. Public holidays (non-working days) Other holidays State Commem ...
(Belarus) ** Confederate Memorial Day ( Florida, United States) ** Hug A Friend Day ** Hug an Australian Day ** Lesbian Visibility Day **
National Pretzel Day National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, ce ...
(United States) ** Old Permic Alphabet Day **
Union Day (Tanzania) Public holidays in Tanzania are in accordance with the Public Holidays Ordinance (Amended) Act, 1966 and are observed throughout the nation. Background The Public Holidays Ordinance (Amended) Act, 1966 lists twelve public holidays in its schedule ...
**
World Intellectual Property Day World Intellectual Property Day is observed annually on April 26. The event was established by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) in 2000 to "raise awareness of how patents, copyright, trademarks and designs impact on daily life ...
*
April 27 Events Pre-1600 * 247 – Philip the Arab marks the millennium of Rome with a celebration of the ''ludi saeculares''. * 395 – Emperor Arcadius marries Aelia Eudoxia, daughter of the Frankish general Flavius Bauto. She becomes one of ...
** Day of Russian Parliamentarism (Russia) **
Day of the Uprising Against the Occupying Forces There are two kinds of public holidays in Slovenia – state holidays and work-free days. State holidays are those celebrated by the state. These include official functions and flying the national flag. The latter are actually Catholic religious ...
(Slovenia) ** Flag Day (Moldova) ** Freedom Day (South Africa) ***
UnFreedom Day UnFreedom Day is an unofficial annual event that is marked every year on or around 27 April. UnFreedom Day is organised to counter the official South African holiday called Freedom Day, an annual celebration of South Africa's first democratic el ...
** Independence Day (Sierra Leone) ** Independence Day (Togo) ** National Day ( Mayotte) ** National Day (Sierra Leone) ** National Prime Rib Day (United States) ** National Veterans' Day (Finland) * April 28 **
Lawyers' Day Lawyers' Day is celebrated across Odisha in India on April 28th every year to commemorate the birth anniversary of Madhusudan Das, an Oriya lawyer of the British British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals ...
( Orissa, India) **
Mujahideen Victory Day Mujahideen Victory Day is a political holiday observed in all parts of Afghanistan, falling on the 28 April each year. It commemorates the day when Mujahideen rebel forces overthrew the Communist regime in 1992. It is celebrated mostly by former M ...
(Afghanistan) ** National Day ( Sardinia, Italy) **
National Heroes Day Heroes' Day or National Heroes' Day may refer to a number of commemorations of national heroes in different countries and territories. It is often held on the birthday of a national hero or heroine, or the anniversary of their great deeds that m ...
(Barbados) ** Restoration of Sovereignty Day (Japan) ** Workers' Memorial Day and World Day for Safety and Health at Work ( international) *** National Day of Mourning (Canada) * April 29 ** Day of Remembrance for all Victims of Chemical Warfare ( United Nations) ** International Dance Day ( UNESCO) ** Princess Bedike's Birthday (Denmark) **
National Shrimp Scampi Day National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, ce ...
(United States) ** Shōwa Day, traditionally the start of the Golden Week holiday period, which is April 29 and May 3–5. (Japan) * April 30 ** Armed Forces Day ( Georgia (country)) ** Birthday of the King (Sweden) ** Camarón Day ( French Foreign Legion) ** Children's Day (Mexico) ** Consumer Protection Day (Thailand) ** Honesty Day (United States) ** International Jazz Day ( UNESCO) **
Martyr's Day Martyrs' Day is an annual day observed by nations to salute the martyrdom of soldiers who lost their lives defending the sovereignty of the nation. The actual date may vary from one country to another. Here is a list of countries and Martyrs' Days. ...
(Pakistan) ** May Eve, the eve of the first day of summer in the Northern hemisphere ''(see May 1)'': *** Beltane begins at sunset in the Northern hemisphere, Samhain begins at sunset in the Southern hemisphere. (
Neo-Druidic Druidry, sometimes termed Druidism, is a modern spiritual or religious movement that promotes the cultivation of honorable relationships with the physical landscapes, flora, fauna, and diverse peoples of the world, as well as with nature deit ...
Wheel of the Year) ***
Carodejnice Walpurgis Night (), an abbreviation of Saint Walpurgis Night (from the German ), also known as Saint Walpurga's Eve (alternatively spelled Saint Walburga's Eve), is the eve of the Christian feast day of Saint Walpurga, an 8th-century abbess i ...
(Czech Republic and Slovakia) *** Walpurgis Night (Central and Northern Europe) ** National Persian Gulf Day (Iran) ** Reunification Day (Vietnam) ** Russian State Fire Service Day (Russia) ** Tax Day (Canada) ** Teachers' Day (Paraguay)


See also

* Germanic calendar *
List of historical anniversaries The following pages, corresponding to the Gregorian calendar, list the historical events, births, deaths, and holidays and observances of the specified day of the year: Footnotes See also * Leap year * List of calendars * List of non-standar ...
* Sinking of the RMS ''Titanic''


References


External links


National Arbor Day Foundation
{{Authority control *04