Aizawl (;
Mizo Mizo may refer to:
*Mizo people, an ethnic group native to north-eastern India, western Myanmar (Burma) and eastern Bangladesh
*Mizo language, a language spoken by the Mizo people
*Mizoram, a state in Northeast India
*Lusei people, an ethnic group ...
: ) is the capital of the
state
State may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Literature
* ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State
* ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States
* '' Our ...
of
Mizoram
Mizoram () is a state in Northeast India, with Aizawl as its seat of government and capital city. The name of the state is derived from "Mizo", the self-described name of the native inhabitants, and "Ram", which in the Mizo language means "lan ...
in
India
India, officially the Republic of India ( Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the ...
. Aizawl was officially established on 25 February 1890. With a population of 293,416, it is the largest city in the state. It is also the centre of administration containing all the important government offices, state assembly house and civil secretariat. The population of Aizawl strongly reflects the different communities of the ethnic
Mizo people
The Mizo people (Mizo: ''Mizo hnam'') are an ethnic group native to the Indian state of Mizoram and neighbouring regions of Northeast India. The term covers several related ethnic groups or clans inside the Mizo group.
All Mizo tribes and cla ...
.
History
In 1871–72, the disorderly conduct of Khalkom, a Mizo chief, compelled the British to establish an outpost that later became the Aizawl village.
The post had been established by Suakpuilala, the Chief of Reiek and it was only 14 kilometres from Sairang from where one could travel by flat bottomed boat. In 1890, officer Dally of the Assam Police and his 400 men arrived at Aizawl to support Colonel Skinner's troops during a British military operation against the Mizo tribals. On Dally's recommendation, Aizawl was selected as the site of a fortified post that Colonel Skinner had been ordered to construct. The troops constructed stockades and buildings at the site. In 1892-95 Aizawl became accessible from Silchar by fair weather road under the supervision of Major Loch.
The Indian Air Force carried out air strikes on the town during the
March 1966 Mizo National Front uprising, following which the MNF withdrew to
Lunglei.
Until 1966, Aizawl was a large village but the regrouping of Mizo villages after the uprising made it become a larger town and then a city. Aizawl has become the centre of road network in Mizoram connecting the north and south, east and west. More than 25% of the Mizoram population reside in Aizawl.
Geography
Aizawl is located in north of the
Tropic of Cancer
The Tropic of Cancer, which is also referred to as the Northern Tropic, is the most northerly circle of latitude on Earth at which the Sun can be directly overhead. This occurs on the June solstice, when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted tow ...
in the northern part of Mizoram. It is situated on a ridge 1,132 metres (3715 ft) above sea level, with the
Tlawng river
valley
A valley is an elongated low area often running between hills or mountains, which will typically contain a river or stream running from one end to the other. Most valleys are formed by erosion of the land surface by rivers or streams over ...
to its west and the
Tuirial river valley to its east.
Civic Administration
The Aizawl Municipal Council is the authority of civic administration of Aizawl city. It was formed in 2010 with 19 Members when the Congress-ZNP party coalition was voted to power in the state legislative assembly. The AMC office is being administered by one council Chairman, Vice-Chairman and three executive members. It consists of 19 elected members representing 19 wards of the city and others appointed by the Governor of Mizoram. One-third of the total membership is reserved for women, these six seats shall be rotated after every five years. The tenure of the council is five years. There is a Ward Committee in every ward that consists of a Chairman, who is an elected councillor from that ward, and two members each from all the local council within the ward. There are 78 local councils having a term of five years.
Demographics
As of 1910, there were 777 army personnel in Aizawl from different parts of North India as well as Nepal. The Gurkha's among the soldiers eventually settled in Aizawl.
As of the
2011 Census of India, Aizawl had a population of 293,416. Females constitute 50.61% of the population and males made up the remaining 49.39%. Mizos from various tribes make up the majority of the population.
Christianity
Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth
Jesus, likely from he, יֵשׁוּעַ, translit=Yēšūaʿ, label=Hebrew/Aramaic ( AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesu ...
forms majority of the city population about 93.63%.
Other minority religions are
Hinduism
Hinduism () is an Indian religion or ''dharma'', a religious and universal order or way of life by which followers abide. As a religion, it is the world's third-largest, with over 1.2–1.35 billion followers, or 15–16% of the global po ...
4.14,
Islam 1.52,
Buddhism
Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and ...
0.45, Others 0.09%,
Sikhism
Sikhism (), also known as Sikhi ( pa, ਸਿੱਖੀ ', , from pa, ਸਿੱਖ, lit=disciple', 'seeker', or 'learner, translit= Sikh, label=none),''Sikhism'' (commonly known as ''Sikhī'') originated from the word ''Sikh'', which comes fr ...
0.03% and
Jainism
Jainism ( ), also known as Jain Dharma, is an Indian religion. Jainism traces its spiritual ideas and history through the succession of twenty-four tirthankaras (supreme preachers of ''Dharma''), with the first in the current time cycle being ...
0.02%.
0.11% peoples did not state their religion.
Presbyterians make up the majority of the population. However, there are also significant numbers of the
Salvation Army,
Baptists,
Seventh-day Adventist
The Seventh-day Adventist Church is an Adventist Protestant Christian denomination which is distinguished by its observance of Saturday, the seventh day of the week in the Christian (Gregorian) and the Hebrew calendar, as the Sabbath, a ...
s,
United Pentecostal Church and
Roman Catholics
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
in the city. There are also some cultural based Christian sects.
Hinduism
Hinduism () is an Indian religion or ''dharma'', a religious and universal order or way of life by which followers abide. As a religion, it is the world's third-largest, with over 1.2–1.35 billion followers, or 15–16% of the global po ...
and
Islam are also represented in very small numbers in the city population.
Climate
Aizawl has a mild, sub-tropical climate due to its location and elevation. Under the
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, nota ...
, Aizawl features a
humid subtropical climate (Cwa). In summer, temperatures are moderately warm, averaging around . In winter, daytime temperatures are cooler in comparison to the rest of the year, averaging around . Rainfall is mostly concentrated between April and October, with the heaviest rainfall occurring in May, July, August and September. The remainder of the year is notably drier.
Cityscape
Economy
The economy of Aizawl is basically sustained by government services as it is capital of Mizoram. The major banks are also located within Aizawl.
A 3-star category hotel, Hotel Regency, has recently been inaugurated at Zarkawt, a central location within the city. It provides a much-needed hospitality service for tourists and business visitors to Aizawl. There are several other hotels apart from Hotel Regency. Those include - Hotel Sangchia located in Zarkawt, Hotel Grand located in Zarkawt, Hotel Floria located in Dawrpui, Ritz Hotel located in Canteen Kual, Tourist Lodge located in Chaltlang, Chawlhna Hotel located in Zarkawt, Riakmaw Inn located in Zarkawt, Hotel Ahimsa located in Zarkawt, and other numerous affordable hotels.
Transport
Air
Aizawl is connected by air transport through
Lengpui Airport which it is situated near Aizawl. The airport provides connectivity to
Kolkata
Kolkata (, or , ; also known as Calcutta , List of renamed places in India#West Bengal, the official name until 2001) is the Capital city, capital of the Indian States and union territories of India, state of West Bengal, on the eastern ba ...
,
Delhi
Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Straddling the Yamuna river, primarily its western or right bank, Delhi shares borders wi ...
,
Guwahati
Guwahati (, ; formerly rendered Gauhati, ) is the biggest city of the Indian state of Assam and also the largest metropolis in northeastern India. Dispur, the capital of Assam, is in the circuit city region located within Guwahati and is the ...
,
Agartala
Agartala () is the capital city of the Indian state of Tripura, and is one of the largest cities in northeast India. The city is governed by the Agartala Municipal Corporation. The city is the seat of the Government of Tripura. It is located on ...
,
Shillong
Shillong () is a hill station and the capital of Meghalaya, a state in northeastern India, which means "The Abode of Clouds". It is the headquarters of the East Khasi Hills district. Shillong is the 330th most populous city in India with a p ...
and
Imphal, operated by
Air India
Air India is the flag carrier airline of India, headquartered at New Delhi. It is owned by Talace Private Limited, a Special-Purpose Vehicle (SPV) of Tata Sons, after Air India Limited's former owner, the Government of India, completed ...
,
Go First and
IndiGo
Indigo is a deep color close to the color wheel blue (a primary color in the RGB color space), as well as to some variants of ultramarine, based on the ancient dye of the same name. The word "indigo" comes from the Latin word ''indicum'', ...
. A helicopter service by
Pawan Hans was started in 2012 and connects the city with
Lunglei,
Lawngtlai,
Saiha
Siaha (official name given by the Mara Autonomous District Council, popularly known as Saiha) is a census town in Siaha district in the Indian north-eastern state of Mizoram. It is the Headquarters of the Mara Autonomous District Council, ...
,
Chawngte
Lawngtlai district is one of the eleven districts of Mizoram state in India. The district is bounded on the north by Lunglei district, on the west by Bangladesh, on the south by Myanmar and on the east by Saiha district. The district occupies a ...
,
Serchhip,
Champhai,
Kolasib,
Khawzawl,
Ngopa and
Hnahthial.
Rail
Mizoram is connected by railroad up to
Bairabi, there are plans to connect Bairabi with Sairang with broad gauge railway track, near Aizawl. The government has also started a broad gauge
Bairabi Sairang Railway connection for better connectivity in the state. There is also the plan for 5 km long
Aizawl Monorail
Aizawl Monorail is the proposed monorail for the town of Aizawl, capital of the state of Mizoram in North-East India.
The decision for the monorail is being taken because of increase in number of vehicles in town, which causes traffic problems. ...
running between Zemabawk to Kulikawn.
Road
Aizawl is connected by road with
Silchar
Silchar is a city and the headquarters of the Cachar district of the state of Assam, India. It is located south east of Guwahati. It was founded by Captain Thomas Fisher in 1832 when he shifted the headquarters of Cachar to Janiganj in Silchar. ...
through National Highway 540, with
Agartala
Agartala () is the capital city of the Indian state of Tripura, and is one of the largest cities in northeast India. The city is governed by the Agartala Municipal Corporation. The city is the seat of the Government of Tripura. It is located on ...
through National Highway 40 and with
Imphal through National Highway 150. The yellow-and-white taxis are widely available; Maruti cars are most widely used. Privately owned blue-and-white mini buses are on regular service as city buses.. For local conveyance 2 wheeler taxi are also available.
Media
Newspaper: The major media in Aizawl in Mizo and English Language are:
*
Vanglaini
''Vanglaini'' is a daily newspaper in Mizoram, northeast India, published in the Mizo language. It is registered with the Registrar of Newspapers for India (no. RNI 34227/79. : MZR/67/2012-2014). It is owned, edited, and published by K. Sapdang ...
,
* The Zozam Times
* The Aizawl Post.
* Khawpui Aw
* Virthli
*
The Mizoram Post
''The Mizoram Post'' is an English-language daily newspaper in Mizoram, India. It is the only INS (The Indian Newspaper Society) accredited newspaper published from Aizawl, Mizoram, India. In 2007, the Government of India's Directorate of Advert ...
* Zoram Tlangau
* Mizo Arsi
* Mizo Express
* Zawlaidi
* Zozam Weekly
* Zoram Thlirtu
* Sakeibaknei
* Entlang
Radio:
All India Radio
All or ALL may refer to:
Language
* All, an indefinite pronoun in English
* All, one of the English determiners
* Allar language (ISO 639-3 code)
* Allative case (abbreviated ALL)
Music
* All (band), an American punk rock band
* ''All'' (All ...
also has a studio that host programmes at scheduled hours. FM Zoawi is a popular radio station in Aizawl.
Education
There are both state and private schools.
Parochial school
A parochial school is a private primary or secondary school affiliated with a religious organization, and whose curriculum includes general religious education in addition to secular subjects, such as science, mathematics and language arts. The wor ...
s are run by the
Baptist Church of Mizoram
Baptist Church of Mizoram is a Baptist Christian denomination in India. It is affiliated with the Baptist World Alliance. The headquarters is in Lunglei, Mizoram.
History
The Baptist Church of Mizoram has its origins in an English Baptist mi ...
, the
Presbyterian Church of India
The Presbyterian Church of India (PCI) is a mainline Protestant church based in India, with over one million adherents, mostly in Northeast India. It is one of the largest Christian denominations in that region.
Origin and history
In 1799, Sera ...
(
Synod
A synod () is a council of a Christian denomination, usually convened to decide an issue of doctrine, administration or application. The word '' synod'' comes from the meaning "assembly" or "meeting" and is analogous with the Latin word mea ...
), several
Roman Catholic
Roman or Romans most often refers to:
*Rome, the capital city of Italy
*Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD
*Roman people, the people of ancient Rome
*''Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a letter ...
(St. Paul's Higher Secondary School, Mary Mount School, St. Lawrence School, St. Mary's School) religious orders and the
Seventh-day Adventists (
Helen Lowry). Kendriya Vidyalaya, Aizawl, is another school run by the Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan, the school situated close to Zembawk. Other schools include
Home Missions School,
Mount Carmel School, Oikos Higher Secondary School.
Tertiary
Pachhunga University College was among the earliest colleges founded in 1958.
Aizawl College, the second oldest college in Aizawl City was established in the year 1975.
Hrangbana College
Hrangbana College is located at Chanmari, Aizawl, Mizoram. Hrangbana College admits the most students in Mizoram: 850.
History
The college is named after Hrangbana, a late philanthropist and prominent businessman who generously donated a su ...
was established in 1980, located in Chanmari, Aizawl, it has 57 teaching staffs with 22 non-teaching staffs and more than 2,000 students in commerce and arts departments.
Mizoram University established in 2001 provides affiliation to all the colleges in Mizoram. Mizoram University also provides post-graduate education as well as B.Tech education and other departments.
ICFAI University, Mizoram located in Durtlang,
Aizawl West College, Government Aizawl North College,
J. Thankima College also provides undergraduate courses.
Mizoram Law College provides education to people who seek profession in Law.
Indian Institute of Mass Communication and
National Institute of Technology Mizoram has already started operations.
Zoram Medical College is inaugurated on 7 August 2018 in Falkawn.
Sports
Football is the most popular sport in Mizoram with a number of footballers playing in national leagues in different parts of India. Some of the more important playing facilities in Aizawl are:
#
Rajiv Gandhi Stadium Mualpui, with a seating capacity of 20,000, is currently being constructed at Mualpui, Aizawl.
#
Hawla Indoor Stadium
Hawla Indoor Stadium is indoor stadium in Aizawl, Mizoram, India. It is used mainly for Basketball league Mizoram Super League .
Stadium
The stadium has a seating capacity of about 3,000 spectators. The First Floor of the Stadium can be u ...
is the largest indoor stadium with
basketball
Basketball is a team sport in which two teams, most commonly of five players each, opposing one another on a rectangular court, compete with the primary objective of shooting a basketball (approximately in diameter) through the defender's h ...
,
badminton
Badminton is a racquet sport played using racket (sports equipment), racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net (device), net. Although it may be played with larger teams, the most common forms of the game are "singles" (with one player per s ...
and
boxing
Boxing (also known as "Western boxing" or "pugilism") is a combat sport in which two people, usually wearing protective gloves and other protective equipment such as hand wraps and mouthguards, throw punches at each other for a predetermine ...
facilities.
#
Lammual stadium is a single tier stadium. The stadium under construction will have a seating capacity of about 5,000 spectators.
Aizawl hosted the third edition of Xchange North East Youth NGO summit from October 3 to 5, 2018.
Neighbourhoods
* Aizawl Venglai
* Armed Veng
* Bawngkawn South/Chhim Veng
* Bethlehem
* Bethlehem Vengthlang
* Bungkawn
* Bungkawn Vengthar
* Central Jail Veng
* Chaltlang
* Chaltlang North/Lily Veng
* Chawlhhmun
* Chanmari
* Chanmari West
* Chawnpui
* Chhinga Veng
* Chite Veng
* College Veng
* Dam Veng
* Dawrpui
* Dawrpui Vengthar
* Dinthar
* Durtlang
* Durtlang Leitan
* Durtlang North
* Electric Veng
* Edenthar
* Hunthar
* Hlimen
* I.T.I. Veng
* Kanan
* Khatla
* Khatla East
* Khatla South
* Khatla West (New Secretariat Complex)
* Kulikawn
* Laipuitlang
* Lawipu Veng
* Luangmual
* Maubawk
* Melthum
* Mission Veng
* Mission Vengthlang
* Muanna Veng
* Nursery
* Phunchawng
* Ramhlun Venglai
* Ramhlun North
* Ramhlun South
* Ramhlun Vengthar
* Ramhlun Sports Complex
* Ramthar
* Ramthar North
* Rangvamual
* Republic Veng
* Republic Vengthlang
* Saikhamakawn
* Sakawrtuichhun
* Salem Veng
* Saron
* Selesih
* Tanhril
* Thakthing
* Tlangnuam
* Tlangnuam South
* Tuikhuahtlang
* Tuikual South
* Tuikual North
* Tuithiang
* Tuivamit
* Upper Republic
* Vaivakawn
* Venghlui
* Venghnuai
* Zarkawt
* Zemabawk
* Zemabawk North
* Zonuam
* Zotlang
* Zuangtui
Notable people
See also
*
Tourism in North East India
Northeast India consists of the eight states Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim and Tripura. Tourism in this area is based around the unique Himalayan landscape and culture distinct from the rest of ...
*
Advanced Research Centre for Bamboo and Rattan Aizawl
References
External links
*
Aizawl Official Website
{{State and Union Territory capitals of India
Hill stations in Mizoram
Cities and towns in Aizawl district
Populated places established in 1890
Tourism in Northeast India
1890 establishments in India