An air-to-surface missile (ASM) or air-to-ground missile (AGM) is a

missile In military terminology, a missile is a guided airborne ranged weapon capable of self-propelled flight usually by a jet engine or rocket motor. Missiles are thus also called guided missiles or guided rockets (when a previously unguided rocket i ...

designed to be launched from

military aircraft A military aircraft is any fixed-wing or rotary-wing aircraft that is operated by a legal or insurrectionary armed service of any type. Military aircraft can be either combat or non-combat: * Combat aircraft are designed to destroy enemy equipm ...

at targets on land or sea. There are also unpowered guided glide bombs not considered missiles. The two most common propulsion systems for air-to-surface missiles are

rocket motor A rocket engine uses stored rocket propellants as the reaction mass for forming a high-speed propulsive jet of fluid, usually high-temperature gas. Rocket engines are reaction engines, producing thrust by ejecting mass rearward, in accordance ...

s, usually with shorter range, and slower, longer-range

jet engine A jet engine is a type of reaction engine discharging a fast-moving jet of heated gas (usually air) that generates thrust by jet propulsion. While this broad definition can include rocket, Pump-jet, water jet, and hybrid propulsion, the term ...

s. Some

Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...

-designed air-to-surface missiles are powered by

ramjet A ramjet, or athodyd (aero thermodynamic duct), is a form of airbreathing jet engine that uses the forward motion of the engine to produce thrust. Since it produces no thrust when stationary (no ram air) ramjet-powered vehicles require an ass ...

s, giving them both long range and high speed. Guidance for air-to-surface missiles is typically via

laser guidance Laser guidance directs a robotics system to a target position by means of a laser beam. The laser guidance of a robot is accomplished by projecting a laser light, image processing and communication to improve the accuracy of guidance. The key ide ...

infrared guidance Infrared homing is a passive weapon guidance system which uses the infrared (IR) light emission from a target to track and follow it seamlessly. Missiles which use infrared seeking are often referred to as "heat-seekers" since infrared is radi ...

optical guidance Missile guidance refers to a variety of methods of guiding a missile or a guided bomb to its intended target. The missile's target accuracy is a critical factor for its effectiveness. Guidance systems improve missile accuracy by improving its P ...

or via satellite guidance signals. The type of guidance depends on the type of target. Ships, for example, may be detected via passive radar or

active radar homing Active radar homing (ARH) is a missile guidance method in which a missile contains a radar transceiver (in contrast to semi-active radar homing, which uses only a receiver) and the electronics necessary for it to find and track its target aut ...

, less effective against multiple, small, fast-moving land targets. There is some cross-over between air-to-surface missiles and surface-to-surface missiles. For example, there was an air-launched version of the Tomahawk missile, superseded by the

AGM-86 ALCM The AGM-86 ALCM is an American subsonic air-launched cruise missile (ALCM) built by Boeing and operated by the United States Air Force. This missile was developed to increase the effectiveness and survivability of the Boeing B-52H Stratofortres ...

. Other missiles used in both roles include the

Penguin Penguins (order (biology), order List of Sphenisciformes by population, Sphenisciformes , family (biology), family Spheniscidae ) are a group of Water bird, aquatic flightless birds. They live almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere: on ...

and AGM-84 Harpoon

anti-ship missile An anti-ship missile (AShM) is a guided missile that is designed for use against ships and large boats. Most anti-ship missiles are of the sea skimming variety, and many use a combination of inertial guidance and active radar homing. A good ...

s. Many air-to-surface missiles can be used against both ships and land targets, although some must be modified to perform a different role; for example, the AGM-84E Standoff Land Attack Missile is a land-attack version of the Harpoon. A major advantage of air-to-surface missiles for ground attack by aircraft is the standoff distance they provide: missiles can be launched from a distance without coming within range of the target's air defences. Most air-to-surface missiles are

fire-and-forget Fire-and-forget is a type of missile guidance which does not require further external intervention after launch such as illumination of the target or wire guidance, and can hit its target without the launcher being in line-of-sight of the targe ...

from a standoff distance, allowing the attacker to withdraw without approaching further after launch. Some missiles (typically

cruise missile A cruise missile is a guided missile used against terrestrial or naval targets that remains in the atmosphere and flies the major portion of its flight path at approximately constant speed. Cruise missiles are designed to deliver a large warhe ...

s or anti-ship missiles) have long enough range to be launched over the horizon, finding the target autonomously. Sub-categories of air-to-surface missiles include: *air-launched anti-tank guided missiles (typically launched from

helicopter A helicopter is a type of rotorcraft in which lift and thrust are supplied by horizontally spinning rotors. This allows the helicopter to take off and land vertically, to hover, and to fly forward, backward and laterally. These attributes ...

s) *air-launched

s *air-launched

s * anti-radiation missiles Typically, the higher and faster the launching aircraft is flying, the longer the reach of a particular missile is. For long-range missiles this difference can be relatively small, but short-range missiles (like the AGM-65 Maverick) have a much longer range when launched at altitude. There have been examples of air-launched ballistic missiles (

Air Launched ICBM STRAT-X, or Strategic-Experimental, was a U.S. government-sponsored study conducted during 1966 and 1967 that comprehensively analyzed the potential future of the U.S. nuclear deterrent force. At the time, the Soviet Union was making significa ...

, GAM-87 Skybolt), but they are rare. Sometimes air-to-surface missiles are divided into the categories of ''tactical'' and ''strategic''. Typically missiles with chemical explosive or small nuclear warheads are classed as tactical, and large nuclear warheads as strategic.

List of air-to-surface missiles

Japan

ASM-1 Type 80 Air-to-Ship Missile (80式空対艦誘導弾, ASM-1) is an air-launched anti-ship missile developed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. It entered service with the Japan Air Self-Defense Force in 1980. The major launch platforms for the Type ...

ASM-2 The Type 93 Air-to-Ship Missile (93式空対艦誘導弾, ASM-2) is an air-to-ship missile developed in Japan. This missile is used by the Japan Air Self-Defense Force. The ASM-2 will be replaced by the ASM-3. See also * Type 80 Air-to-Ship ...

ASM-3 The ASM-3 is a supersonic anti-ship missile being developed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries to replace the ASM-1 and ASM-2 missiles. The major launch platform is the Mitsubishi F-2. Planned Initial Operational Capability was 2016. The missile w ...

*type90 air-to-ship、air-to-surface missile

Argentina

* MP-1000 Martín Pescador * AS-25K

Brazil

MAR-1 The MAR-1 is an air-to-surface (ASM) and surface-to-surface (SSM) anti-radiation missile (ARM) with GPS/INS capability under development by Brazil's Mectron and the Aerospace Technology and Science Department (Departamento de Ciência e Tecnolog ...

Anti-radiation missile *

FOG-MPM FOG-MPM (Fiber Optics Guided Multiple Purpose Missile) is a missile built by the Brazilian company Avibras. Its range is about 60 km. The weight is about 34 kg. Its main use is as an anti-tank, anti-fortification and anti-helicopter mi ...

Fiber Optics Guided Multiple Purpose Missile. * AVTM-300 Cruise missile.

China

C-101 The C-101 is a Chinese supersonic anti-ship cruise missile. It is manufactured by the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation The China Aerospace Science & Industry Corporation Limited (CASIC) is a Chinese state-owned enterprise ...

C-601 The SY (), and HY () series were early anti-ship missile, anti-ship cruise missiles (ASCM) developed by the People's Republic of China from the Soviet Union, Soviet P-15 Termit missile. They entered service in the late 1960s and remained the main ...

C-602 The YJ-62 () is a Chinese subsonic anti-ship cruise missile. It is manufactured by the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Third Academy. Description In a September 2014 article published in Joint Forces Quarterly, the YJ-62 is cre ...

C-611 The SY (), and HY () series were early anti-ship missile, anti-ship cruise missiles (ASCM) developed by the People's Republic of China from the Soviet Union, Soviet P-15 Termit missile. They entered service in the late 1960s and remained the main ...

* C-701 *

C-704 The C-704 is a Chinese anti-ship missile. The missile was developed by the third research institute of the Chinese Aerospace Group, also the manufacturer of the C-701. Design This anti-ship missile is designed specifically for targets with displa ...

* C-705 *

C-801 The YJ-8 (; NATO reporting name: CSS-N-4 Sardine) is a People's Republic of China, Chinese surface-launched subsonic anti-ship missile, anti-ship cruise missile. It is manufactured by the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation (CASIC) Th ...

C-802 The YJ-83 (; NATO reporting name: CSS-N-8 Saccade) is a Chinese subsonic anti-ship cruise missile. It is manufactured by the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Third Academy.Gromley et al.: page 101 Description The YJ-83 uses mi ...

C-805 The YJ-83 (; NATO reporting name: CSS-N-8 Saccade) is a Chinese subsonic anti-ship cruise missile. It is manufactured by the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Third Academy.Gromley et al.: page 101 Description The YJ-83 uses ...

Changfeng (missile) The Chang Feng, or Long Wind is a turbojet powered land-attack cruise missile, indigenously developed by China. It is the first domestically produced Chinese land-attack cruise missile, and it is the first land-attack cruise missile to enter ...

(Chang Feng 1) *

(Chang Feng 2) *

DH-10 The CJ-10 () is a second-generationGormley et al.: p.102 Chinese ground-based land-attack missile.United States Office of the Secretary of Defense: Annual Report To Congress 2015, p.39 It is derived from the Kh-55 missile. It is reportedly manufa ...

FL series (missile) The SY (), and HY () series were early anti-ship cruise missiles (ASCM) developed by the People's Republic of China from the Soviet P-15 Termit missile. They entered service in the late 1960s and remained the main ASCMs deployed by the People's L ...

* FL-8 * FL-9 *

FL-10 Florida's 10th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Florida. It was reassigned in 2012, effective January 3, 2013, from the Gulf Coast to inland Central Florida. Before 2017, the district included parts of wes ...

FL-7 In addition to developing the C-101 and C-301 supersonic anti-ship missiles which are fairly large in size, China has developed FL-7 (FL: Fei Long, meaning Flying Dragon) supersonic anti-ship missile which can be carried on airplanes and warships ...

HJ-8 The HJ-8 or Hongjian-8 and Baktar Shikan (Pakistani version) () is a second generation tube-launched, optically tracked, wire-guided anti-tank missile system which was originally deployed by China's People's Liberation Army since the late 1980s. ...

HJ-9 The HJ-9, HongJian-9 (), military designation AFT-9, is an advanced, third-generation, man-portable or vehicle-mounted anti-tank missile system deployed by the People's Liberation Army Ground Force. History and development The development of HJ-9 ...

* HJ-10 *

HJ-73 The 9M14 Malyutka (russian: Малютка, links=no; "Little one", NATO reporting name: AT-3 Sagger) is a manual command to line of sight (MCLOS) wire-guided anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) system developed in the Soviet Union. It was the first ...

* HN-1 *

HN-3 HN (reported short for Hong Niao, or Hongniao, 红鸟 meaning Red Bird) missiles are a series of turbofan powered Chinese land attack cruise missiles, based on the X-600. Development Although China was satisfied with the performance of its own ...

HN-2 HN (reported short for Hong Niao, or Hongniao, 红鸟 meaning Red Bird) missiles are a series of turbofan powered Chinese land attack cruise missiles, based on the X-600. Development Although China was satisfied with the performance of its own C ...

* HY series * KD1 (missile) * KD2 (missile) *

KD-63 The SY (), and HY () series were early anti-ship cruise missiles (ASCM) developed by the People's Republic of China from the Soviet P-15 Termit missile. They entered service in the late 1960s and remained the main ASCMs deployed by the People's ...

KD-88 KD-88 (Kongdi-88) is an anti-ship missile built by China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC). Its export version is called TL-17. It can be launched from fighter aircraft (JH-7), ground-based units, and ships. Features turbojet e ...

* LMD-002 (missile) * LMD-003 (missile) * Sky Arrow (missile) *

Sky Arrow 90 The sky is an unobstructed view upward from the surface of the Earth. It includes the atmosphere and outer space. It may also be considered a place between the ground and outer space, thus distinct from outer space. In the field of astronomy, ...

* SY series (missile) * TBI (missile) *

TL-6 The TL-6 (Tian Long - 6) or Sky Dragon - 6 is a light anti-ship missile. History The development of the TL program appeared to have started in the mid-1990s and were originally identified as the FL-8 (TL-10) and FL-9 (TL-6) under China National A ...

TL-10 The TL-10 (Tian Long - 10) or Sky Dragon (天龙) - 10 is a light anti-ship missile unveiled in the Zhuhai Airshow in 2004 in China, and it is the Chinese equivalent of the French MM-15TT / AS-15TT light anti-ship missile developed by Aérospatial ...

YJ-12 The YJ-12 () is a Chinese supersonic anti-ship cruise missile. Description The YJ-12 is an air-launched missile that resembles a lengthened Kh-31 and is close in shape to the GQM-163 Coyote aerial target. A 2011 article in the United States Na ...

YJ-22 The YJ-22 is a LACM (land-attack cruise missile) development of the anti-ship C-802 with a 400 km range, and possible Satellite guidance/terrain mapping guidance currently said to be under development, Initial Operational Capability was expecte ...

YJ-62 The YJ-62 () is a People's Republic of China, Chinese subsonic anti-ship missile, anti-ship cruise missile. It is manufactured by the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Third Academy. Description In a September 2014 article publish ...

YJ-63 The SY (), and HY () series were early anti-ship missile, anti-ship cruise missiles (ASCM) developed by the People's Republic of China from the Soviet Union, Soviet P-15 Termit missile. They entered service in the late 1960s and remained the main ...

YJ-82 The YJ-82 () is a Chinese subsonic anti-ship cruise missile. It is manufactured by the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Third Academy.Gromley et al.: page 101 The YJ-82 is the submarine-launched version of the YJ-8 missile fam ...

YJ-83 The YJ-83 (; NATO reporting name: CSS-N-8 Saccade) is a Chinese subsonic anti-ship cruise missile. It is manufactured by the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Third Academy.Gromley et al.: page 101 Description The YJ-83 uses mi ...

* YJ-91 * ZD1 (missile)

France

* AS.11 *

AS.12 The SS.12 and AS.12 are two variants of the same missile: SS for surface-to-surface and AS for air-to-surface. It was designed in 1955-1957 by Nord Aviation, later Aérospatiale. It was a derivative of the NORD SS-10 and SS-11 missiles which w ...

AS.15TT The AS.15 and AS.15TT (in french: "Tous Temps", meaning "All weather") are French anti-ship missiles. It was developed as a replacement for the AS-12 missile. Development In the 1970s two Aerospatiale programs were started to examine potential ...

* AS.20 * AS.30 * AS.30 TCA * AS.30 Laser * AS.37 Martel *

ARMAT The ARMAT missile is a development of the Anglo-French Martel anti-radar missile. The Martel was further developed by British Aerospace to give the Sea Eagle anti-ship missile, while Britain adopted ALARM for their new ARM missile. France instead ...

HOT Hot or the acronym HOT may refer to: Food and drink *Pungency, in food, a spicy or hot quality *Hot, a wine tasting descriptor Places * Hot district, a district of Chiang Mai province, Thailand **Hot subdistrict, a sub-district of Hot Distric ...

* Exocet * Mistral *

SCALP EG Storm Shadow is an Anglo-French low-observable, long-range, air-launched cruise missile developed since 1994 by Matra and British Aerospace, and now manufactured by MBDA. Storm Shadow is the weapon's British appellation. In French service, it is ...

* TRIGAT LR *

Apache The Apache () are a group of culturally related Native American tribes in the Southwestern United States, which include the Chiricahua, Jicarilla, Lipan, Mescalero, Mimbreño, Ndendahe (Bedonkohe or Mogollon and Nednhi or Carrizaleño an ...

* ASMP * ASMP-A *

AASM AASM may refer to: * Armement Air-Sol Modulaire, a French precision guided munition * Australian Active Service Medal * American Academy of Sleep Medicine, a professional organization * The Anglo-American School of Moscow The Anglo-American Sch ...

* MLP * ANL

Germany

Taurus KEPD 350 Taurus KEPD 350 is a Swedish-German air-launched cruise missile, manufactured by Taurus Systems and used by Germany, Spain, and South Korea. Taurus Systems GmbH is a partnership between MBDA Deutschland GmbH (formerly LFK) and Saab Bofors Dynami ...

* ARMIGER * PARS 3 LR * HOT (missile) *

AS.34 Kormoran The AS.34 Kormoran ( cormorant) is a German-produced anti-ship missile. The Kormoran uses an inertial guidance system for the midcourse phase, switching to active radar homing during the terminal attack phase. It carries a 165 kg (363 ...

RBS-15 The RBS 15 (Robotsystem 15) is a long-range fire-and-forget surface-to-surface and air-to-surface anti-ship missile. The later version Mk. III has the ability to attack land targets as well. The missile was developed by the Swedish company Saab ...

(in cooperation with Sweden)

Greece

*HSC-1 Makedon

India

BrahMos The BrahMos (also designated as PJ-10)HeliNa (Dhruvastra) * SANT *

Rudram-1 The Rudram (IAST: Rudra, Rudram, meaning remover of sorrows) is a series of air-to-surface Air-to-surface missile, ground attack and anti-radiation missile, anti-radiation missiles in development by the Defence Research and Development Organis ...

* NASM-SR

Israel

Popeye (missile) Popeye (Hebrew: פופאי) is a family of air-to-surface missiles developed and in use by Israel, of which several types have been developed for Israeli and export users. A long-range submarine-launched cruise missile variant of the Popeye Turbo ...

* Nimrod (missile) *

Luz (missile) The RAFAEL Luz (Hebrew: לוז, Hazelnut) was the first missile built in Israel. RAFAEL developed the missile using knowledge gained from the French MD-620 missile which was built for the Israel Defense Forces by Avions Marcel Dassault-Breguet Avi ...

Iran

Ghased 3 The Ghassed is a family of guided bombs and missiles developed by Iran. It is a highly accurate rocket-boosted smart bomb with a range of and a warhead, enabling Iranian Air Force to strike HVTs . Overview The Ghassed was designed in accord ...

Zoobin Zoobin (Javelin) is an Iranian TV-guided air-to-surface missile. It is considered to be the first generation of the Iranian PGMs. Developed during the time of Iran–Iraq War, it was a rocket-powered version of the American M117 bomb equipped w ...

* Bina *

Sadid-1 The Sadid-1 (also known as the Sadid-361, the Fat'h 362, and the Sadid-342) is an Iranian TV-guided anti-tank missile derived from Iran's Toophan missiles. It is described by multiple sources as similar in design to the Israeli Spike-ER missile ...

Fajr-4 The Fajr-4 ( fa, فجر-۴) is an Iranian air-to-surface guided rocket that was first unveiled on 9 May 2020 through a video released by the IRGC Aerospace Force. In the video, the missile is seen undergoing a drop test from a Sukhoi Su-22 figh ...

Sattar 1 Sattar ( ar, ستار ) is a male Muslim given name and surname. It occurs in the compound form *Abdul Sattar, where further details can be found. People with the name in its simple form include: Given name *Sattar (singer) (born 1949) birth n ...

Sattar 2 Sattar ( ar, ستار ) is a male Muslim given name and surname. It occurs in the compound form *Abdul Sattar, where further details can be found. People with the name in its simple form include: Given name *Sattar (singer) (born 1949) birth n ...

Sattar 3 Sattar ( ar, ستار ) is a male Muslim given name and surname. It occurs in the compound form *Abdul Sattar, where further details can be found. People with the name in its simple form include: Given name *Sattar (singer) (born 1949) birth n ...

Sattar 4 Sattar ( ar, ستار ) is a male Muslim given name and surname. It occurs in the compound form *Abdul Sattar, where further details can be found. People with the name in its simple form include: Given name *Sattar (singer) (born 1949) birth n ...

* Ghaem

Norway

Penguin missile The Penguin anti-ship missile, designated AGM-119 by the U.S. military, is a Norwegian passive IR seeker-based short-to-medium range anti-ship guided missile, designed for naval use. Overview Penguin was originally developed in a collaboratio ...

* Naval Strike Missile

Pakistan

* Baktar-Shikan Air Launched variant * H-2 SOW * H-4 SOW * Ra'ad * Ra'ad-II * Barq * Takbir * GIDS REK * HAFR-1 * HAFR-2 * RPB-1

South Africa

*Denel ZT3 Ingwe laser guided anti-tank guided missile *Denel

Mokopa The ZT-6 Mokopa is a South African air-to-ground anti-tank guided missile. , it is in its final stages of development, and is being integrated onto the South African Air Force's Rooivalk attack helicopters. The missile is produced by Denel Dyna ...

air-to-ground missile *Kentron TORGOS air launched sub-sonic cruise missile (development cancelled) *Denel

Small Guided Missile Small may refer to: Science and technology * SMALL, an ALGOL-like programming language * Small (anatomy), the lumbar region of the back * Small (journal), ''Small'' (journal), a nano-science publication * HTML_element#Presentation, <small>, a ...

(in development)

Sweden

Rb 05 The SAAB RB05 (abbreviation of Swedish: Robot 05, "Missile 05"), contemporarily named AT 3 internally, was a short-range air-to-surface missile with limited air-to-air capability that was developed in the 1960s by the Swedish company Saab-Scani ...

RBS 15 The RBS 15 (Robotsystem 15) is a long-range fire-and-forget surface-to-surface and air-to-surface anti-ship missile. The later version Mk. III has the ability to attack land targets as well. The missile was developed by the Swedish company Saab ...

Taiwan

* Hsiung Feng II * Sky Sword IIA anti-radiation missile *

Wan Chien The Wan Chien (; Tâi-lô: bān-kiàm) is an air to ground cruise missile developed and produced by the National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST) of Taiwan. Design and development It partly resembles the AGM-154 Joint Sta ...

Turkey

* Cirit * UMTAS * MAM (Smart Micro Munition) ** MAM-C ** MAM-L ** MAM-T * SOM (Air-Launched Cruise Missile) *Akbaba Anti-radiation missile (Currently in development) * TUBITAK-SAGE KUZGUN (Modern Modular Mutual Cost-effective Munition) **KUZGUN-TJ: Torbojet-powered variant. **KUZGUN-SS: Gliding variant. **KUZGUN-KY: Solid fuel rocket-powered variant. **BOZOK: Mini version of KUZGUN, specifically designed for UAVs.

UK

Blue Steel missile The Avro Blue Steel was a British air-launched, rocket-propelled nuclear armed standoff missile, built to arm the V bomber force. It allowed the bomber to launch the missile against its target while still outside the range of surface-to-air ...

* Brimstone missile *

Green Cheese missile Green Cheese was a British-made radar-guided anti-ship tactical nuclear warhead missile project of the 1950s. Green Cheese arose as part of the ' ''Sverdlov'' crisis', when the Royal Navy were concerned over the appearance of a new Soviet heavy ...

(canceled in 1956) * ALARM * Storm Shadow * BAe Sea Eagle * GAM-87 Skybolt ( air-launched ballistic missile; canceled) * Lightweight Multirole Missile *

SPEAR 3 A spear is a pole weapon consisting of a shaft, usually of wood, with a pointed head. The head may be simply the sharpened end of the shaft itself, as is the case with fire hardened spears, or it may be made of a more durable material fastene ...

United States

* AGM-12 Bullpup (no longer in service) *

AGM-22 The SS.11, or AS.11, known as AGM-22 in American service, is a France, French Manual command to line of sight, manual command to line of sight Wire-guided missile, wire-guided Anti-tank guided missile, anti-tank missile manufactured by Nord Av ...

(project ceased in 1980s, still in limited use) * AGM-28 Hound Dog (no longer in service) * AGM-45 Shrike (no longer in service) * AGM-53 Condor (project cancelled) *

AGM-62 Walleye The AGM-62 Walleye is a television-guided glide bomb which was produced by Martin Marietta and used by the United States Armed Forces from the 1960s-1990s. Most had a 250 lb (113 kg) high-explosive warhead; some had a nuclear warhea ...

(no longer in service) *

AGM-63 The AGM-63 was a missile design produced by the United States. It was conceived in March 1962 when the U.S. Navy issued two requirements for long-range Anti-Radiation Missiles (ARMs) to complement the short-range AGM-45 Shrike. The first was to ope ...

(project cancelled) *

AGM-64 Hornet The AGM-64 Hornet was a missile produced by the United States. In the early 1960s, North American Aviation produced a missile design for the U.S. Air Force's Anti-Tank Guided Aircraft Rocket (ATGAR) project. The ATGAR was ultimately not produced, b ...

(project cancelled) * AGM-65 Maverick (in service) * AGM-69 SRAM (no longer in service) *

AGM-76 Falcon The AGM-76 Falcon was an air-to-surface anti-radiation missile developed by the United States Air Force during the Vietnam War. Intended as a conversion using off-the-shelf parts, it did not go into operational service. Overview During 1966, the U ...

(project cancelled) * AGM-78 Standard ARM (no longer in service) * AGM-79 Blue Eye (project cancelled) *

AGM-80 Viper The AGM-80 Viper was an air-to-surface missile developed by the Chrysler Corporation Missile Division in the 1960s for use by the United States Air Force. Based on the AGM-12 Bullpup, the program was cancelled early in trials. Viper was designed ...

(project cancelled) *

AGM-83 Bulldog The AGM-83 Bulldog was a missile produced by the United States. The missile had its origins in the AGM-12 Bullpup. The Bullpup used a manual guidance system which required the launching aircraft to continue flying towards the target throughout th ...

(project cancelled) * AGM-84 Harpoon (in service) *

(in service) *

AGM-87 Focus The AGM-87 Focus was an air-to-surface missile developed by the United States. Overview The missile was a development of the AIM-9B Sidewinder air-to-air missile, intended for use against ground targets. Development took place at the China Lake ...

(no longer in service) * AGM-88 HARM (in service) *

AGM-112 The Rockwell International Guided Bomb Unit 15 is an unpowered glide weapon used to destroy high-value enemy targets. It was designed for use with F-15E Strike Eagle, F-111 'Aardvark' and F-4 Phantom II aircraft. The GBU-15 has long-range maritime ...

(reserved when program renamed GBU-15) *

AGM-114 Hellfire The AGM-114 Hellfire is an air-to-ground missile (AGM) first developed for anti-armor use, later developed for precision drone strikes against other target types, especially high-value targets. It was originally developed under the name '' Heli ...

(in service) *

AGM-119 Penguin The Penguin anti-ship missile, designated AGM-119 by the U.S. military, is a Norwegian passive IR seeker-based short-to-medium range anti-ship guided missile, designed for naval use. Overview Penguin was originally developed in a collaborati ...

(in service) * AGM-122 Sidearm (no longer in service) *

AGM-123 Skipper AGM-123 Skipper II is a short-range laser-guided missile developed by the United States Navy. The Skipper was intended as an anti-ship weapon, capable of disabling the largest vessels with a 1,000-lb (450-kg) impact- fuzed warhead. Design The A ...

(out of service/no longer in service) * AGM-124 Wasp (project cancelled) * AGM-129 ACM (no longer in service) *

AGM-130 The AGM-130 was a powered air-to-ground guided missile developed by the United States of America. Developed in 1984, it is effectively a rocket-boosted version of the GBU-15 bomb. It first entered operational service on 11 January 1999, and was r ...

AGM-131 SRAM II The AGM-131 SRAM II ("Short-Range Attack Missile") was a nuclear air-to-surface missile intended as a replacement for the AGM-69 SRAM. The solid-fueled missile was to be dropped from a B-1B Lancer, carry the W89 warhead and have a range of 400&n ...

(project cancelled) *

AGM-136 Tacit Rainbow The AGM-136A ''Tacit Rainbow'' was a United States military anti-radiation missile program run from 1982 to 1991. The requirement was for a low-cost air-launchable system to aid in the destruction of enemy air defense networks. The proposed uni ...

(project cancelled) *

AGM-137 TSSAM The Northrop AGM-137 TSSAM (Tri-Service Standoff Attack Missile) was a standoff missile, standoff cruise missile developed for the three branches of the United States Armed Forces, hence "tri-service". Missile development began in 1986 but revelati ...

(project cancelled) *

AGM-142 Have Nap Popeye (Hebrew: פופאי) is a family of air-to-surface missiles developed and in use by Israel, of which several types have been developed for Israeli and export users. A long-range submarine-launched cruise missile variant of the Popeye Turb ...

(in service) *

AGM-153 The AGM-153 was a missile considered for development by the United States. Overview The AGM-153 was proposed in 1992 as a new tactical air-to-surface missile. The weapon was to be launched from high and low altitudes against both fixed and mobile ...

(project cancelled) *

AGM-154 JSOW The AGM-154 Joint Standoff Weapon (JSOW) is a glide bomb that resulted from a joint venture between the United States Navy and Air Force to deploy a standardized medium range precision guided weapon, especially for engagement of defended targets ...

(in service) * AGM-158 JASSM (in service) *

AGM-159 JASSM The AGM-159 was a missile design proposed in 1996 by the Boeing (McDonnell-Douglas) company as a contender in the U.S. Air Force's JASSM project. Development halted after Lockheed Martin's AGM-158 was selected for further development in 1998. ...

(project cancelled) *

AGM-169 Joint Common Missile The AGM-169 Joint Common Missile (JCM) was a tactical air-to-surface missile program (2002–2007) developed by the Lockheed Martin corporation for the United States military aircraft, such as attack and utility helicopters, strike fighters and f ...

(project cancelled) *

AGM-176 Griffin The AGM-176 Griffin is a lightweight, precision-guided munition developed by Raytheon. It can be launched from the ground or air as a rocket-powered missile or dropped from the air as a guided bomb. It carries a relatively small warhead, and was ...

(in service) * AGM-X (in development) *

Small Advanced Capabilities Missile (SACM) Small may refer to: Science and technology * SMALL, an ALGOL-like programming language * Small (anatomy), the lumbar region of the back * Small (journal), ''Small'' (journal), a nano-science publication * HTML_element#Presentation, <small>, a ...

(in development) * Bold Orion (prototype) * GAM-87 Skybolt ( air-launched ballistic missile; project cancelled) *

High Virgo The High Virgo, also known as Weapons System 199C (WS-199C), was a prototype air-launched ballistic missile (ALBM) jointly developed by Lockheed and the Convair division of General Dynamics during the late 1950s. The missile proved moderately su ...

(prototype) *

Hypersonic Air-breathing Weapon Concept The Hypersonic Air-breathing Weapon Concept (HAWC, pronounced "hawk") is a scramjet powered air-launched hypersonic cruise missile project at the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), that had a successful hypersonic flight an ...

(in development) *

AGM-179 JAGM The AGM-179 Joint Air-to-Ground Missile (JAGM) is an American military program to develop an air-to-surface missile to replace the current air-launched BGM-71 TOW, AGM-114 Hellfire, and AGM-65 Maverick missiles. The U.S. Army, Navy, and Marine Cor ...

(in development) *

AGM-183A ARRW The AGM-183 ARRW ("Air-Launched Rapid Response Weapon") is a hypersonic weapon, hypersonic air-to-ground missile planned for use by the United States Air Force. Developed by Lockheed Martin, the boost-glide vehicle is propelled to a maximum spee ...

(in development) *

LRSO The AGM-181 Long Range Stand Off Weapon (LRSO) is a nuclear-armed air-launched cruise missile under development by Raytheon Technologies that will replace the AGM-86 ALCM. Development As of August 24, 2017, Raytheon and Lockheed Martin received ...

(in development)

USSR/Russian Federation

* R-82 * S-5 * S-8 * S-13 * S-24 * S-25 *

Kh-15 The Raduga Kh-15 or RKV-15 (russian: Х-15; NATO: AS-16 "Kickback"; GRAU:) is a Russian hypersonic aero-ballistic air-to-ground missile carried by the Tupolev Tu-22M and other bombers. Originally developed as a standoff nuclear air-to-ground mi ...

* Kh-20 * Kh-22 (

NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two No ...

: AS-4 Kitchen; russian: Х-22) * Kh-23/Kh-66 Grom (AS-7 Kerry; Russian: Х-23 Гром, "Thunder") *

Kh-25 The Kh-25/Kh-25M (russian: Х-25; NATO: AS-10 'Karen) is a family of Soviet lightweight air-to-ground missiles with a modular range of guidance systems and a range of 10 km. The anti-radar variant (Kh-25MP) is known to NATO as the AS-12 ' K ...

(AS-10 Karen) * Kh-29 (AS-14 Kedge) *

Kh-31 The Kh-31 (russian: Kha (Cyrillic), Х-31; AS-17 'Krypton') is a Russian air-to-surface missile carried by aircraft such as the MiG-29 or Su-27. It is capable of Mach number, Mach 3.5 and was the first supersonic anti-ship missile that could be la ...

(AS-17 Krypton) * Kh-32 (AS-4 Krypton) *

Kh-38 The Kh-38/Kh-38M (russian: Х-38) is a family of air-to-surface missiles meant to succeed the Kh-25 and Kh-29 missile families. Design and development The basic configuration of the Kh-38M was revealed at the 2007 Moscow Air Show (MAKS). The ...

Kh-45 The Kh-45 Molnija "Lightning" was a Soviet hypersonic anti-ship air-to-surface missile project. It was developed as the main armament for ICD "Raduga"'s T-4 missile carrier bomber. The designers were A. Y. Bereznyak, G. K. Samokhvalov and V. ...

* Kh-59 (AS-13 Kingbolt) *

Kh-90 The Kh-90 GELA (russian: ГЭЛА (гиперзвуковой экспериментальный летательный аппарат), Hypersonic Experimental Flight Vehicle) is a Soviet/Russian air-to-surface cruise missile. It was supposed t ...

(AS-X-19 Koala) * KS-1 Komet (AS-1 Kennel) *

K-10S The Raduga K-10S (NATO reporting name: AS-2 Kipper) was a Soviet supersonic anti-ship missile that was usually nuclear-armed, designed by MKB Raduga. Its development began in 1955, and it entered service with the Soviet armed forces in 1961. The Ki ...

(AS-2 Kipper) * Kh-20 (AS-3 Kangaroo) * Kh-22 (AS-4 Kitchen) *

KSR-2 The Raduga KSR-2 (NATO reporting name: AS-5 "Kelt") was a Soviet cruise missile developed to replace the KS-1 Komet (NATO: AS-1 "Kennel"). It was developed in 1958 and entered service in 1962. The missile was normally armed with a conventional h ...

(AS-5 Kelt) *

KSR-5 The Raduga KSR-5 (NATO reporting name AS-6 Kingfish) was a long-range, air-launched cruise missile and anti ship missile developed by the Soviet Union. It was essentially a scaled down version of the Kh-22 'Kitchen', built to be carried by the ...

(AS-6 Kingfish) *

Kh-23 Grom The Zvezda Kh-66 and Kh-23 ''Grom'' (russian: Kha (Cyrillic), Х-23 Гром 'Thunder'; NATO reporting name, NATO: AS-7 'Kerry') are a family of early Soviet Union, Soviet tactical air-to-surface missiles with a range of 10 km. They were in ...

(AS-7 Kerry) *

9K114 Shturm 9K114 ''Shturm''
- Weaponsystems.net (russian: 9К114 «Штурм» - "Assault" ...

(AT-6 Spiral) * Kh-28 (AS-9 Kyle) *

(AS-10 Karen) * Kh-58 (AS-11 Kilter) *

(AS-12 Kegler) * Kh-59 (AS-13 Kingbolt) * Kh-29 (AS-14 Kedge) * Kh-47M2 Kinzhal (AS-24 Killjoy) *

Kh-55 The Kh-55 (russian: Х-55, also known as RKV-500; NATO reporting name: AS-15 "Kent") is a Soviet/Russian subsonic air-launched cruise missile, designed by MKB Raduga in the 1970s. It has a range of up to and can carry nuclear warheads. Kh- ...

(AS-15 Kent) *

(AS-16 Kickback) *

(AS-17 Krypton) *

AS-18 Kazoo The Kh-59 ''Ovod'' (russian: Х-59 Овод 'Gadfly'; AS-13 'Kingbolt') is a Russian TV-guided cruise missile with a two-stage solid-fuel propulsion system and 200 km range. The Kh-59M ''Ovod-M'' (AS-18 'Kazoo') is a variant with a bigger warh ...

(Kh-59M Ovod-M) *

Kh-80 The Kh-80 Meteorit-A ( GRAU-code: 3M25A, NATO: AS-X-19 Koala), the RK-75 Meteorit-N ''(GRAU:'' 3M25N, ''NATO:'' SS-NX-24 Scorpion) and the P-750 Meteorit-M (Russian: П-750 Гром, ''GRAU:'' 3М25, ''NATO'': SSC-X-5) was a Soviet cruise missile ...

(AS-19 Koala) * Kh-35 (AS-20 Kayak) * Hermes-A

References

External links

EADS - Cassidian division - Products

Israel Military Industries Ltd. - Air-to-Ground Ammunition

Kongsberg Gruppen

MBDA missile systems - solutions

NTI.org - HiWING Mechanical & Electrical Technology Corporation

Royal Air Force - Long Range Air-to-Surface weapons - Brimstone

Raytheon Company - AGM-65 Maverick missile

SAAB Group - Weapon systems

TAURUS Systems GmbH
{{DEFAULTSORT:Air-To-Surface Missile Missile types Air-to-surface missiles