Ernst Adolf Gustav Gottfried Strümpell, from 1893 von Strümpell /ref> (29 June 1853 – 10 January 1925), was a Baltic Germanneurologist.
Life
Strümpell was born in Neu-Autz, Courland (the present Jaunauce,
Latvia
Latvia ( or ; lv, Latvija ; ltg, Latveja; liv, Leţmō), officially the Republic of Latvia ( lv, Latvijas Republika, links=no, ltg, Latvejas Republika, links=no, liv, Leţmō Vabāmō, links=no), is a country in the Baltic region of ...
), the son of the philosopher
Ludwig Strümpell
Ludwig Strümpell, after his ennoblement in 1870 von Strümpell
After study in Dorpat and
Leipzig
Leipzig ( , ; Upper Saxon: ) is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony. Leipzig's population of 605,407 inhabitants (1.1 million in the larger urban zone) as of 2021 places the city as Germany's eighth most populous, as wel ...
, in 1875 he received his medical doctorate from the
University of Leipzig
Leipzig University (german: Universität Leipzig), in Leipzig in Saxony, Germany, is one of the world's oldest universities and the second-oldest university (by consecutive years of existence) in Germany. The university was founded on 2 Decemb ...
Karl Thiersch
Karl Thiersch, also spelled Carl Thiersch (20 April 1822 – 28 April 1895), was a German surgeon born in Munich. His father was educationist Friedrich Thiersch, his father-in-law was renowned chemist Justus von Liebig. One brother, Ludwig, wa ...
(1822–1895) and Carl Ludwig (1816–1895). In 1883 he was an associate professor at Leipzig, and from 1886 to 1903 was a full professor at the University of Erlangen, succeeding
Wilhelm Olivier Leube
Wilhelm Olivier Leube (14 September 1842 – 16 May 1922) was a German internist born in Ulm.
He studied medicine in Tübingen, Zurich, Berlin and Munich, and from 1868 worked as an assistant at the medical clinic in Erlangen. In 1872, at th ...
(1842–1922) as director of the medical clinic. Afterwards he was a professor at the Universities of Breslau (from 1903),
Vienna
en, Viennese
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(from 1909) and Leipzig (from 1910), where in 1915 he was appointed rector.
Along with French neurologist Pierre Marie, he is credited with identifying and diagnosing an arthritic spinal deformity that was to become known as the Marie–Strümpell disease (
ankylosing spondylitis
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of arthritis characterized by long-term inflammation of the joints of the spine typically where the spine joins the pelvis. Occasionally areas affected may include other joints such as the shoulders or hip ...
). Together with French physician Maurice Lorrain, the eponymous Strümpell–Lorrain disease is named, which is an
hereditary spastic paraplegia
Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a group of inherited diseases whose main feature is a progressive gait disorder. The disease presents with progressive stiffness (spasticity) and contraction in the lower limbs. HSP is also known as hereditar ...
.
In 1884 Strümpell published a textbook on internal medicine that was based on his experiences. This publication, ''Lehrbuch der speziellen Pathologie und Therapie der inneren Krankheiten'', was then considered to be the definitive textbook in Germany in regards to internal medicine. It comprised a subvolume on neurological diseases, which became a guiding manual for the training in neurology for decades. It was published in more than thirty editions and was translated into numerous languages (into English in 1887).Bibliography of Adolf Strumpell @ Who Named It
Strümpell's wide-ranging research involved
tabes dorsalis
Tabes dorsalis is a late consequence of neurosyphilis, characterized by the slow degeneration (specifically, demyelination) of the neural tracts primarily in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord (nerve root). These patients have lancinating n ...
,
spinal cord
The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular structure made up of nervous tissue, which extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column (backbone). The backbone encloses the central canal of the spi ...
diseases,
infantile paralysis
Poliomyelitis, commonly shortened to polio, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. Approximately 70% of cases are asymptomatic; mild symptoms which can occur include sore throat and fever; in a proportion of cases more severe sym ...
muscular atrophy
Muscle atrophy is the loss of skeletal muscle mass. It can be caused by immobility, aging, malnutrition, medications, or a wide range of injuries or diseases that impact the musculoskeletal or nervous system. Muscle atrophy leads to muscle weaknes ...
. Most of his medical articles were published in the journal ''Deutsche Zeitschrift für Nervenheilkunde'', of which he was co-publisher along with
Wilhelm Heinrich Erb
Wilhelm Heinrich Erb (30 November 1840 – 29 October 1921) was a German neurologist. He was born in Winnweiler, and died in Heidelberg.
Academic career
In 1864 he received his medical degree from the University of Heidelberg, where for sev ...
(1840–1921),
Friedrich Schultze
Friedrich Schultze (12 August 1848 – 14 October 1934) was a German neurologist and native of Rathenow, Brandenburg. He is known for being the founder of child neurology.
In 1871 he earned his doctorate at Heidelberg, and afterwards spent sev ...
(1848–1934) and
Ludwig Lichtheim
Ludwig Lichtheim (7 December 1845 in Breslau – 13 January 1928) was a German physician of Jewish descent.
Biography
He was educated at the Gymnasium (school), gymnasium in Breslau, and studied medicine at the universities of University of B ...