''Acropyga'' is a genus of small

formicine The Formicinae are a subfamily within the Formicidae containing ants of moderate evolutionary development. Formicines retain some primitive features, such as the presence of cocoons around pupae, the presence of ocelli in workers, and little ...

ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding

mealybug Mealybugs are insects in the family (biology), family Pseudococcidae, unarmored scale insects found in moist, warm habitats. Many species are considered pest (animal), pests as they feed on plant juices of greenhouse plants, house plants and sub ...

s of the species ''

Xenococcus annandalei ''Xenococcus annandalei'' is a species of mealybug in the family Pseudococcidae that infests the roots of certain species of trees. Description The adult female ''X. annandalei'' is an elongated oval shape with an abdomen that tapers abruptly ...

''. Living, gravid females are carried in the jaws of ''A. acutiventris'' queens during their nuptial flight, to establish the symbiotic association in founding colonies. Other ''Acropyga'' species have relationships with different species of mealybugs, and it could be a trait common to the whole genus.

Description

''Acropyga'' are smaller than , with a compact, stocky body. They have antennae with 10 or 11 segments (including the scape), short palps and reduced eyes with four to 30 individual

ommatidia The compound eyes of arthropods like insects, crustaceans and millipedes are composed of units called ommatidia (singular: ommatidium). An ommatidium contains a cluster of photoreceptor cells surrounded by support cells and pigment cells. The ou ...

. In some species, the eyes are completely absent.

Distribution

''Acropyga'' is found in the

Americas The Americas, which are sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North and South America. The Americas make up most of the land in Earth's Western Hemisphere and comprise the New World. Along with th ...

, southern Africa, India to Southeast Asia and

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

. ''A. paleartica'' is known only from Greece. Fossil specimens of ''Acropyga '' have been recovered from the Burdigalian stage.

Dominican amber Dominican amber is amber from the Dominican Republic derived from resin of the extinct tree ''Hymenaea protera''. Dominican amber differentiates itself from Baltic amber by being nearly always transparent, and it has a higher number of fossil incl ...

deposits and several individuals are preserved carrying '' Electromyrmococcus''

s. These fossils represent the oldest recorded record of the symbiosis between mealybugs and ''Acropyga'' species ants. They are found in leaf litter and forage on low vegetation, and will nest in various sites, including soil, bark and rotten logs.

Species

*'' Acropyga acutiventris'' Roger, 1862 *''

Acropyga ambigua ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, grav ...

'' Emery, 1922 *''

Acropyga arnoldi ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, grav ...

'' Santschi, 1926 *''

Acropyga ayanganna ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, grav ...

'' LaPolla, 2004 *''

Acropyga bakwele ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, grav ...

'' LaPolla & Fisher, 2005 *''

Acropyga butteli ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, grav ...

'' Forel, 1912 *''

Acropyga decedens ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, grav ...

'' (Mayr, 1887) *''

Acropyga donisthorpei ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, grav ...

'' Weber, 1944 *''

Acropyga dubia ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, grav ...

'' Karavaiev, 1933 *''

Acropyga dubitata ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, grav ...

'' (Wheeler & Mann, 1914) *''

Acropyga epedana ''Acropyga epedana'' is an ant in the subfamily Formicinae. It lives permanently underground in the Chiricahua Mountains in Arizona and forms a mutualistic association with the mealybug '' Rhizoecus colombiensis''. Description ''Acropyga eped ...

'' Snelling, 1973 *''

Acropyga exsanguis ''Acropyga exsanguis'' is a species of ant in the subfamily Formicinae. It lives in underground nests in Mexico, Central and South America.LaPolla, J.S. 2004a. ''Acropyga'' of the world. Contributions of the American Entomological Institute. 33(3 ...

'' (Wheeler, 1909) *''

Acropyga fuhrmanni ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, gr ...

'' (Forel, 1914) *''

Acropyga gelasis ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, gra ...

'' LaPolla, 2004 *†'' Acropyga glaesaria'' LaPolla, 2005 *''

Acropyga goeldii ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, gra ...

'' Forel, 1893 *''

Acropyga guianensis ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, grav ...

'' Weber, 1944 *'' Acropyga hirsutula'' LaPolla, 2004 *'' Acropyga hystrix'' LaPolla, 2004 *''

Acropyga indosinensis ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, grav ...

'' Wheeler, 1935 *'' Acropyga inezae'' Forel, 1912 *''

Acropyga keira ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, gra ...

'' LaPolla, 2004 *''

Acropyga kinomurai ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, grav ...

'' Terayama & Hashimoto, 1996 *'' Acropyga lauta'' Mann, 1919 *'' Acropyga major'' Donisthorpe, 1949 *'' Acropyga myops'' Forel, 1910 *''

Acropyga nipponensis ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, gr ...

'' Terayama, 1985 *''

Acropyga oceanica ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, gra ...

'' Emery, 1900 *''

Acropyga palaga ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, grav ...

'' LaPolla, 2004 *''

Acropyga paleartica ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, grav ...

'' Menozzi, 1936 *'' Acropyga pallida'' (Donisthorpe, 1938) *''

Acropyga panamensis ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, grav ...

'' Weber, 1944 *''

Acropyga parvidens ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species ''Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, gra ...

'' (Wheeler & Mann, 1914) *'' Acropyga romeo'' LaPolla, 2004 *''

Acropyga rubescens ''Acropyga rubescens'' is an ant in the Formicinae The Formicinae are a subfamily within the Formicidae containing ants of moderate evolutionary development. Formicines retain some primitive features, such as the presence of cocoons aroun ...

'' Forel, 1894 *''

Acropyga sauteri ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species ''Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, gra ...

'' Forel, 1912 *'' Acropyga silvestrii'' Emery, 1915 *''

Acropyga smithii ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species ''Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, gra ...

'' Forel, 1893 *''

Acropyga stenotes ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, gr ...

'' LaPolla, 2004 Acropyga glaesaria SMFBE457B1 01

*'' Acropyga tricuspis'' LaPolla, 2004 *''

Acropyga yaeyamensis ''Acropyga'' is a genus of small formicine ants. Some species can be indirect pests. '' A. acutiventris'', which is found from India to Australia, tends subterranean, root-feeding mealybugs of the species '' Xenococcus annandalei''. Living, gra ...

'' Terayama & Hashimoto, 1996 *'' Acropyga yushi'' Terayama, 2009

References

External links

* {{Taxonbar, from=Q1308458 Formicinae Ant genera Extant Burdigalian first appearances Taxa named by Julius Roger

Description

Distribution

Species

References

Further reading

External links