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Formicinae
The Formicinae are a subfamily within the Formicidae containing ants of moderate evolutionary development. Formicines retain some primitive features, such as the presence of cocoons around pupae, the presence of ocelli in workers, and little tendency toward reduction of palp or antennal segmentation in most species, except subterranean groups. Extreme modification of mandibles is rare, except in the genera ''Myrmoteras'' and ''Polyergus''. However, some members show considerable evolutionary advancement in behaviors such as slave-making and symbiosis with root-feeding hemipterans. Finally, all formicines have very reduced stings and enlarged venom reservoirs, with the venom gland, specialized (uniquely among ants) for the production of formic acid. All members of the Formicinae "have a one-segmented petiole in the form of a vertical scale". Identification Formicine ants have a single node-like or scale-like petiole (postpetiole entirely lacking) and the apex of the abdom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Echinopla
''Echinopla'' is a genus of ants in the subfamily Formicinae. The genus is distributed from Singapore and Sumatra (Indonesia) to the Philippines, Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country i ... and Australia. Species *'' Echinopla arfaki'' Donisthorpe, 1943 *'' Echinopla australis'' Forel, 1901 *'' Echinopla cherapunjiensis'' Bharti & Gul, 2012 *'' Echinopla corrugata'' Donisthorpe, 1943 *'' Echinopla crenulata'' Donisthorpe, 1941 *'' Echinopla deceptor'' Smith, 1863 *'' Echinopla densistriata'' Stitz, 1938 *'' Echinopla dubitata'' Smith, 1862 *'' Echinopla lineata'' Mayr, 1862 *'' Echinopla maeandrina'' Stitz, 1938 *'' Echinopla melanarctos'' Smith, 1857 *'' Echinopla mistura'' (Smith, 1860) *'' Echinopla nitida'' Smith, 1863 *'' Echinopla octodentata'' St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dinomyrmex
''Dinomyrmex'' is a monotypic genus of ant containing the species ''Dinomyrmex gigas'' or giant forest ant. ''D. gigas'' is a large species of ant, native to Southeast Asian forests. It is one of the largest ants in existence, measuring in at for normal workers, and for the soldiers. Honeydew makes up 90% of their diet, but they will also consume insects and bird droppings. The ant is an effective forager, utilizing both efficient communication and recruitment. A handful of these ants may meet at night to engage in what has been observed to be ritual battle. These fights can continue for several months. Colonies consist of typically about 7,000 workers, distributed unevenly among several nests. There are two types of workers, with the larger ones almost three times as heavy. They forage mainly at night, however, some workers will be outside the nest during the day. Distribution This species is found in Southeast Asian rain forests from Sumatra, Singapore, Malaysia, Borneo to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colobopsis
''Colobopsis'' is a genus of ant in the subfamily Formicinae. This genus was first described in 1861 by Mayr and contains 95 species. The type species is '' Colobopsis truncata''. Description As part of Camponotini, ''Colobopsis'' workers have distinctive mandibular dentition (5-8 teeth with the 3rd tooth from the apex not being reduced), antennae 12-segmented and antennal separations well separated from the posterior clypeal margin. ''Colobopsis'' workers are dimorphic, being divided into major workers and minor workers. The major workers generally have phragmotic heads that are truncate to varying extents. This may cause them to be confused for '' Camponotus'' and vice versa, since some ''Camponotus'' also have phragmotic heads. Pupae of ''Colobopsis'' are always naked. This is unlike pupae of ''Camponotus'', which are enclosed in cocoons. Phylogeny For a period of time, ''Colobopsis'' was considered a subgenus of ''Camponotus''. A 2015 phylogenomic study found it to b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calomyrmex
''Calomyrmex'' is a genus of ants in the subfamily Formicinae. The genus is known from Indonesia, New Guinea and Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma .... Calomyrmex has a mandibular gland that secrets red droplets on the sides of its head that have a strong and unpleasant odor when disturbed. Species *'' Calomyrmex albertisi'' (Emery, 1887) *'' Calomyrmex albopilosus'' (Mayr, 1876) *'' Calomyrmex glauerti'' Clark, 1930 *'' Calomyrmex impavidus'' (Forel, 1893) *'' Calomyrmex laevissimus'' (Smith, 1859) *'' Calomyrmex purpureus'' (Mayr, 1876) *'' Calomyrmex similis'' (Mayr, 1876) *'' Calomyrmex splendidus'' (Mayr, 1876) *'' Calomyrmex tropicus'' (Smith, 1861) References External links * Formicinae Ant genera Hymenoptera of Asia Hymenoptera of Australia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camponotini
Camponotini is a tribe containing 2 extinct ant genera and 8 extant ant genera, including '' Camponotus'' (carpenter ants). Genera * ''Calomyrmex'' Emery, 1895 * '' Camponotus'' Mayr, 1861 * †''Chimaeromyrma'' Dlussky, 1988 * ''Colobopsis'' Mayr, 1861 * ''Dinomyrmex'' Ashmead, 1905 * ''Echinopla'' Smith, 1857 * ''Opisthopsis'' Dalla Torre, 1893 * '' Overbeckia'' Viehmeyer, 1916 * ''Polyrhachis ''Polyrhachis'' is a genus of formicine ants found in the Old World with over 600 species. The genus is yet to be comprehensively resolved and contains many varied species including nest-weavers (e.g. ''Polyrhachis dives''), swimming workers ( ...'' Smith, 1857 * †'' Pseudocamponotus'' Carpenter, 1930 References Formicinae Ant tribes {{formicinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myrmoteras
''Myrmoteras'' is a genus of ants in the subfamily Formicinae and the sole member of the tribe Myrmoteratini. They have enormous eyes, a character found in other ancient genera, and extremely elongated mandibles with eight to 16 teeth. These work as trap-jaws and can open up to 270°. Description While the elongated mandibles look superficially similar to those of the basal ''Myrmecia'', the mechanism is, as a whole, totally dissimilar and is rather convergent to that of the ponerine genera ''Anochetus'' and ''Odontomachus'', and the myrmicine '' Strumigenys''. The trigger mechanism of the trap-jaw-like mandibles of ''Myrmoteras'' consists of two hairs. Other trap-jawed genera are ''Daceton'', ''Acanthognathus'', ''Orectognathus'', ''Microdaceton'', and ''Epitritus''. Distribution ''Myrmoteras'' occurs in the Indo-Malayan region.Creighton, William S. (1930): A Review of the Genus ''Myrmoteras'' (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ''Journal of the New York Entomological Society'' 38: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venom (poison)
Venom or zootoxin is a type of toxin produced by an animal that is actively delivered through a wound by means of a bite, sting, or similar action. The toxin is delivered through a specially evolved ''venom apparatus'', such as fangs or a stinger, in a process called envenomation. Venom is often distinguished from poison, which is a toxin that is passively delivered by being ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin, and toxungen, which is actively transferred to the external surface of another animal via a physical delivery mechanism. Venom has evolved in terrestrial and marine environments and in a wide variety of animals: both predators and prey, and both vertebrates and invertebrates. Venoms kill through the action of at least four major classes of toxin, namely necrotoxins and cytotoxins, which kill cells; neurotoxins, which affect nervous systems; myotoxins, which damage muscles; and haemotoxins, which disrupt blood clotting. Venomous animals cause tens of thousa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chimaeromyrma
Chimaeromyrma is an extinct, monotypic genus of ant Ants are eusocial insects of the family Formicidae and, along with the related wasps and bees, belong to the order Hymenoptera. Ants evolved from vespoid wasp ancestors in the Cretaceous period. More than 13,800 of an estimated total of ..., first described in 1988 by Dlussky. It contains the single species ''C. brachycephala''. References {{Taxonbar, from1=Q18102398, from2=Q85752010 , from3=Q14444446 Further readingChimaeromyrma - AntWiki † † Fossil ant genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tribe (biology)
In biology, a tribe is a taxonomic rank above genus, but below family and subfamily. It is sometimes subdivided into subtribes. By convention, all taxonomic ranks from genus upwards are capitalized, including both tribe and subtribe. In zoology, the standard ending for the name of a zoological tribe is "-ini". Examples include the tribes Caprini (goat-antelopes), Hominini (hominins), Bombini (bumblebees), and Thunnini (tunas). The tribe Hominini is divided into subtribes by some scientists; subtribe Hominina then comprises "humans". The standard ending for the name of a zoological subtribe is "-ina". In botany, the standard ending for the name of a botanical tribe is "-eae". Examples include the tribes Acalypheae and Hyacintheae. The tribe Hyacintheae is divided into subtribes, including the subtribe Massoniinae. The standard ending for the name of a botanical subtribe is "-inae". In bacteriology, the form of tribe names is as in botany, e.g., Pseudomonadeae, based on the ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AntWeb
AntWeb is the leading online database on ants: storing specimens images and records, and natural history information, and documenting over 490,000 specimens across over 35,000 taxa In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular nam ... of ants in its open source and community driven repository . It was set up by Brian L. Fisher in 2002, and cost US$30,000 dollars to build. References External links Website Entomological databases Myrmecology {{Database-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dolichoderinae
Dolichoderinae is a subfamily of ants, which includes species such as the Argentine ant (''Linepithema humile''), the erratic ant, the odorous house ant, and the cone ant. The subfamily presents a great diversity of species throughout the world, distributed in different biogeographic realms, from the Palearctic, Nearctic, Afrotropical region and Malaysia, to the Middle East, Australian, and Neotropical regions. This subfamily is distinguished by having a single petiole (no post-petiole) and a slit-like orifice, from which chemical compounds are released. Dolichoderine ants do not possess a sting, unlike ants in some other subfamilies, such as Ponerinae and Myrmicinae, instead relying on the chemical defensive compounds produced from the anal gland. Of the compounds produced by dolichoderine ants, several terpenoids were identified including the previously unknown iridomyrmecin, isoiridomyrmecin, and iridodial. Such compounds are responsible for the smell given off by ants of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
